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4541/1 Chemistry Paper 1 September 1 1/4 jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Kertas 1 Satu jam lima belas minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. 2. Jawab semua soalan. 3. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan. 5. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan 6. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 25 halaman bercetak.
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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of 50 questions. 2. Answer all questions. 3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet. 4. Blacken only one space for each question. 5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blacken the space for the new answer. 6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. 7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.
MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. 2. Jawab semua soalan 3. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan. 5. Sekiranya anda hendak menukarkan jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru. 6. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. 7. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan Question 1 to Question 50 are followed by four options A, B, C or D. Choose the best option for each question and blackened the corresponding space on the objective answer sheet. Bagi Soalan 1 hingga Soalan 50, tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan yang terbaik bagi tiap-tiap soalan dan hitamkan ruangan yang sepadan pada kertas jawapan objektif anda
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1
Which of the following substances undergoes sublimation process when heated? Manakah antara bahan berikut mengalami proses pemejalwapan bila dipanaskan? A Sodium chloride Natrium klorida B Ammonium chloride Ammonium klorida C Sodium nitrate Natrium nitrat D Ethanol Etanol
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Diagram 1 shows the set-up of the apparatus to study Process I. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi mengkaji Proses 1 Air Process 1 Bromine gas (brown)
Lid Bromine gas (brown)
Diagram 1 Rajah 1 What is Process 1 ? Apakah Proses 1 ? A Condensation Kondensasi B Evaporation Penyejatan C Diffusion Resapan D Sublimation Pemejalwapan
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Which of the following processes will decrease the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance? Proses yang manakah akan mengurangkan tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bagi suatu bahan? A Melting Peleburan B Freezing Pembekuan C Boiling Pendidihan D Evaporation Penyejatan Which of the following substances consists of atoms? Manakah antara bahan berikut mengandungi atom? A Copper Kuprum B Nitrogen gas Gas nitrogen C Lead(II) iodide Plumbum(II) iodida D Naphthalene Naftalena The graph below shows the cooling curve of naphthalene. Graf di bawah menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan bagi naftalena. Temperature/°C
A Time/s Why is curve A obtained in the graph? Kenapakah lengkung A terjadi ? A Impure naphthalene is cooled. Naftalena tak tulen disejukkan. B Naphthalene evaporates during cooling process Naftalena meruap semasa proses penyejukan C Naphthalene is not stirred during cooling process Naftalena tidak dikacau semasa proses penyejukan D Naphthalene freezes after achieving its freezing point Naftalena membeku setelah mencapai takat beku
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6 Electron moves around the nucleus in fixed orbital shells Elektron bergerak mengelilingi nukleus dalam petala yang tetap Which of the following scientists proposed the atomic theory stated above ? Ahli sains yang manakah mencadangkan teori atom di atas? A B C D
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J.J. Thomson Niels Bohr Ernest Rutherford James Chadwick
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does an atom of aluminium contain? Berapakah bilangan proton, neutron dan elektron bagi atom aluminium ? 27 13
A B C D 8
Number of protons Bilangan proton 13 13 14 27
Al
Number of neutrons Bilangan neutron 14 27 13 14
Number of electrons Bilangan elektron 13 13 14 13
The following statements are true about lead-acid accumulator except Pernyataan-pernyataan berikut adalah benar mengenai akumulator asid- plumbum kecuali A B C D
lead plate is the negative terminal kepingan plumbum adalah terminal negatifnya carbon plate is the positive terminal kepingan karbon adalah terminal positifnya the accumulator can be recharged akumulator ini boleh dicas semula the electrolyte in this accumulator is sulphuric acid elektrolitnya ialah asid sulfurik
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Table 1 shows the proton number and the nucleon number of atom X. Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom X Proton number Nombor proton Nucleon number Nombor nukleon
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Table 1 Jadual 1 Which of the following is correct about the position of X in the Periodic Table of elements? Yang manakah benar mengenai kedudukan X dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur? Group Kumpulan 1 2 1 5
A B C D
Period Kala 2 1 3 2
10 Table 2 shows the electron arrangement of atoms P , Q , R and T Jadual 2 menunjukkan susunan elektron atom-atom P, Q, R dan T Atom Atom
P
Q
R
T
Electron arrangement Susunan elektron
2.1
2.4
2.8.2
2.8.7
Table 2 Jadual 2 Which of the following pairs of elements can combine to form a covalent compound? Pasangan unsur yang manakah dapat berpadu membentuk sebatian kovalen ? A B C D
Q and T P and R R and T Q and R
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11 Which statement is true about the reaction of a sodium atom with oxygen atom to form sodium oxide ? [Proton number: Na = 11, O = 8] Pernyataan yang manakah benar bagi tindak balas antara atom natrium dengan atom oksigen untuk membentuk natrium oksida ? [Nombor proton : Na = 11, O = 8] A B C D 12
One sodium atom donates one electron to one oxygen atom Satu atom natrium menderma satu elektron kepada satu atom oksigen One sodium atom shares one electron with one oxygen atom Satu atom natrium berkongsi satu elektron dengan satu atom oksigen Two sodium atom share one electron with one oxygen atom Dua atom natrium berkongsi satu elektron dengan satu atom oksigen Two sodium atoms donate one electron each to one oxygen atom Dua atom natrium menderma satu elektron setiap satu kepada satu atom oksigen
Diagram 2 shows a simple cell made up of magnesium plate and copper plate as electrodes and copper(II) sulphate solution as the electrolyte. Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah sel ringkas terdiri daripada kepingan magnesium dan kepingan kuprum sebagai elektrod dan larutan kuprum(II) sulfat sebagai elektrolit.
Magnesium
Diagram 2 Rajah 2 Which of the following statements is true for the above reaction ? Yang manakah pernyataan berikut adalah benar bagi tindak balas di atas ? A B C D
The blue colour of the copper(II) sulphate solution remains unchanged Warna biru larutan kuprum(II) sulfat tidak berubah Copper electrode is the positive terminal Elektrod kuprum adalah terminal positif Magnesium electrode becomes larger in size Saiz elektrod magnesium bertambah besar Colourless gas bubbles are produced at the copper electrode Gelembung gas tanpa warna terhasil di elektrod kuprum
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Diagram 3 shows a set-up of apparatus of a redox reaction. Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi tindak balas redoks. G
Q
P
Acidified Potassium manganate(VII) solution Kalium mangganat(VII) berasid
Potassium Iodide Solution Larutan Kalium Iodida
Sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik
Diagram 3 Rajah 3 Which of the following statements are correct ? Manakah antara pernyataan berikut adalah benar? I Iodide ion , I- is reduced Ion Iodida, I- mengalami penurunan II Electrons flow from electrode P to Q Elektron mengalir dari elektrod P ke Q III The purple colour of acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution becomes colourless Warna ungu larutan berasid kalium mangganat (VII) menjadi tanpa warna IV Manganate(VII) ion, MnO4- acts as the reducing agent Ion manganat(VII), MnO4- bertindak sebagai agen penurunan A
I and II only
B
II and III only
C
II and IV only
D
I , II , III and IV
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Half equation below represents a reaction. Setengah persamaan di bawah mewakili satu tindak balas. 2 I-
I2 + 2e
What is meant by oxidation reaction based on the equation ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tindak balas pengoksidaan berdasarkan persamaan di atas? A Electrons are received by iodine Elektron diterima oleh iodin B Electrons are received by iodide ions Elektron diterima oleh ion iodida C Electrons are released by iodine Elektron dilepaskan oleh iodin D Electrons are released by iodide ions Elektron dilepaskan oleh ion iodida 15
Diagram 4 shows the set-up of apparatus for the electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide. Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis leburan plumbum(II) bromida.
Carbon electrodes Elektrod karbon
heat Diagram 4 Rajah 4 State the correct observation for the reaction. Nyatakan pemerhatian yang betul bagi tindak balas ini A Bromine is released at the anode Bromin dibebaskan di anod B Brown solid is deposited at the cathode Pepejal perang terenap di katod C Brown gas is released at the anode Gas perang terbebas di anod D The carbon electrode at anode is coated with grey metal Elektrod karbon di anod disaluti dengan logam berwarna kelabu
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Which of the following reagents can change iodide ion to iodine? Yang manakah antara reagen berikut dapat menukarkan ion iodida kepada iodin? I II III IV
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Acidified potassium dichromate(VI ) solution Larutan kalium dikromat(VI) berasid Iron(II) sulphate solution Larutan ferum(II) sulfat Lead(II) nitrate solution Larutan plumbum(II) nitrat Bromine water Air bromin
A
I and II only I dan II sahaja
B
II and IV only II dan IV sahaja
C
I and IV only I dan IV sahaja
D
II and III only II dan III sahaja
Lead(II) bromide is not able to conduct electricity in solid state but can conduct electricity in molten state because Plumbum(II) bromida tidak boleh mengalirkan arus elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal tetapi boleh mengalirkan arus elektrik dalam keadaan lebur kerana A
bromide ions and lead(II) ions are able to move freely in the molten state ion bromida dan ion plumbum(II) bebas bergerak dalam keadaan lebur
B
the molecules in lead (II) bromide are able to move freely in the molten state molekul plumbum(II) bromida bebas bergerak dalam keadaan lebur
C
bromine and lead atoms are free to move atom bromin dan plumbum bebas bergerak
D
the bromide and lead(II) ions are held strongly together in the molten state ion bromida dan ion plumbum(II) terikat kuat dalam keadaan leburan
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Table 3 shows the voltage produced by different type of cells. Based on this table , the cell that can produce 2.00 V can be set up using Jadual 3 menunjukkan bacaan voltan beberapa jenis sel. Berpandukan jadual ini, sel yang boleh membekalkan 2.00V boleh dibina dengan menggunakan Cell Sel Magnesium // Copper Magnesium // kuprum Zinc // Copper Zink // kuprum Lead // Copper Plumbum // Kuprum Iron // Copper Ferum // Kuprum
Voltage / V Voltan / V 2.70 1.15 0.45 0.70
Table 3 Jadual 3
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A
Magnesium // zinc Magnesium // zink
B
Iron // lead Ferum // plumbum
C
Magnesium // iron Magnesium // ferum
D
Magnesium // lead Magnesium // Plumbum
Which of the following is true about weak acid?
Pernyataan yang mana benar tentang asid lemah ? A Unable to neutralize alkali Tidak boleh meneutralkan alkali B The pH value is more than 7. Nilai pHnya lebih dari 7 C Able to change red litmus paper to blue. Dapat menukarkan warna kertas litmus merah ke biru D Ionizes partially in water to produce hydrogen ions. Mengion separa dalam air untuk menghasilkan ion hidrogen
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Diagram 5 shows the set-up of apparatus done by a student to coat tin plate with silver. The electroplating process is however unsuccesful because Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas yang disediakan oleh seorang pelajar untuk menyadurkan kepingan logam timah dengan argentum. Proses penyaduran didapati tidak berjaya dilakukan kerana
silver chloride argentum klorida Diagram5 Rajah 5
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A
A rheostat is used instead of an ammeter reostat digunakan dan bukannya ammeter
B
silver chloride is used as the electrolyte argentum klorida digunakan sebagai elektrolit
C
silver plate is connected to the anode kepingan argentum disambungkan ke anod
D
silver plate used is impure kepingan argentum yang digunakan tidak tulen
Which particle causes an aqueous solution of ammonia to exhibit alkaline properties? Zarah yang manakah menyebabkan larutan ammonia memperlihatkan sifat-sifat alkali? A H3O+ B OHC NH4+ D NH3
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Which of the following methods is suitable to prevent rusting of iron? Kaedah yang manakah sesuai untuk mencegah pengaratan besi? A B C D
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Painting the engine of a car Mengecat enjin kereta Fixing bars of copper to the part of ship submerged in water Menampal kepingan kuprum di bahagian kapal yang tenggelam dalam air Galvanizing the roof made of iron with tin Menggalvani atap besi dengan logam timah Plating the metal surface with chromium Menyadur permukaan logam dengan kromium
The equation shows the reaction between sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide. Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan tindakbalas di antara asid sulfurik dan natrium hidroksida. H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O What is the volume of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution which can neutralize 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid? Berapakah isipadu larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 yang diperlukan untuk meneutralkan 25.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik ? A B C D
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12.5 cm3 25.0 cm3 50.0 cm3 75.0 cm3
Both ethanoic acid and hydrochloric acid with concentration of 1 mol dm-3 have Kedua-dua asid etanoik dan asid hidroklorik yang berkepekatan 1 mol dm-3 mempunyai I the same concentration of hydrogen ions kepekatan ion hidrogen yang sama II different degree of ionisation in water darjah pengionan dalam air yang berbeza III different pH value nilai pH yang berbeza IV the same concentration of hydroxide ions kepekatan ion hidroksida yang sama A B C D
I and II only II and III only III and IV only I and IV only
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When solid R is heated strongly, it produces a residue which is brown in colour when hot and turns yellow when cold. R may be Apabila pepejal R dipanaskan dengan kuat, ia menghasilkan baki berwarna perang bila panas dan kuning bila sejuk. R mungkin A B C D
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Lead(II) carbonate Plumbum(II) karbonat Zinc carbonate Zink karbonat Copper(II) nitrate Kuprum(II) nitrat Iron(II) nitrate Ferum(II) nitrat
Which of the following compounds are needed to prepare ammonium sulphate fertiliser? Antara sebatian berikut, yang manakah diperlukan untuk menyediakan baja ammonium sulfat? A B C D
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Ammonia solution and sodium sulphate Larutan ammonia dan natrium sulfat Ammonium chloride and potassium chloride Ammonium klorida dan kalium klorida Ammonia solution and sulphuric acid Larutan ammonia dan asid sulfurik Ammonium nitrate solution and sulphuric acid Larutan ammonium nitrat dan asid sulfurik
Which of the following salts is insoluble in water? Antara garam berikut, yang manakah tidak larut dalam air? A Silver nitrate Argentum nitrat B Calcium chloride Kalsium klorida C Ammonium sulphate Ammonium sulfat D Lead(II) carbonate Plumbum(II) karbonat
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The equation below shows thermal decomposition of 12.4 g of copper(II) carbonate. Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan penguraian haba ke atas 12.4 g kuprum(II) karbonat. CuCO3 (s) CuO (s) + CO2 ( g) What is the mass of copper(II) oxide formed ? Apakah jisim kuprum(II) oksida yang terbentuk? [ Relative atomic mass : Cu=64, O=16, C=12 ] A B C D
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Which of the following ions form a white precipitate which is insoluble in excess sodium hydroxide solution? Antara ion-ion berikut, yang manakah membentuk mendakan putih yang tak larut dalam larutan natrium hidroksida berlebihan?
A B C D 30
4.4 g 8.0 g 44.0 g 80.0 g
Al 3+ Mg 2+ Pb 2+ Zn 2+
Paracetamol is an example of Parasetamol ialah satu contoh A B C D
an antibiotic antibiotik an analgesic analgesik a traditional medicine ubat tradisional a psychotherapeutic medicine ubat psikoterapeutik
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The chemical equation below shows the reaction between P and Q. Persamaan kimia di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas di antara P dan Q. P + Q → salt + H2O + CO2 P + Q → garam + H2O + CO2
Which of the following could be P and Q? Yang manakah antara berikut mungkin P dan Q? A B C D
Zinc and hydrochloric acid Zink dan asid hidroklorik Lead(II) oxide and nitric acid Plumbum(II) oksida dan asid nitrik Sodium carbonate and sulphuric acid Natrium karbonat dan asid sulfurik Magnesium carbonate and sodium hydroxide Magnesium karbonat dan natrium hidroksida
32 The equation below shows the oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide in the manufacturing of sulphuric acid. Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan pengoksidaan sulfur dioksida kepada sulfur trioksida dalam pembuatan asid sulfurik. 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3 The reaction is catalysed by Tindak balas ini dimangkinkan oleh A Iron Ferum B Platinum Platinum C Vanadium(V) oxide Vanadium(V) oksida D Manganese(IV) oxide Mangan(IV) oksida 33 Why are detergents more effective than soap? Mengapakah detergen lebih berkesan daripada sabun? A Detergents are soluble in grease, whereas soaps are insoluble in grease. Detergen larut dalam gris, manakala sabun tidak larut dalam gris. B Detergents reduce the surface tension of water whereas soaps do not. Detergen mengurangkan ketegangan permukaan air manakala sabun tidak. C Detergents are biodegradable whereas soaps are non-biodegradable. Detergen boleh terurai secara biodegradasi manakala sabun tidak D Detergents do not form scum in hard water, whereas soaps form scum in hard water. Detergen tidak membentuk kekat dalam air liat manakala sabun membentuk kekat dalam air liat.
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34 In the saponification process, concentrated sodium hydroxide solution is added to boiling vegetable oils to produce X and soap. What is X? Dalam proses saponifikasi, larutan natrium hidroksida pekat ditambahkan kepada minyak sayuran yang mendidih untuk menghasilkan X dan sabun. Apakah X? A B C D
Glycerol Gliserol Ethanol Etanol Propanoic acid Asid propanoik Ethyl methanoate Etil metanoat
35 Which of the following statements explains why ceramic is suitable to make an engine block? Yang manakah antara pernyataan berikut menerangkan mengapa seramik sesuai untuk membina blok enjin? A B C D
Ceramic is chemically inert Seramik adalah lengai secara kimia Ceramic is an electric conductor Seramik adalah konduktor elektrik Ceramic can withstand high temperature Seramik boleh tahan suhu yang tinggi Ceramic has a low specific heat capacity Seramik mempunyai muatan haba tentu yang rendah
36 Which of the following food additives can be used to make food stay fresh longer and taste better? Antara bahan tambah makanan berikut yang manakah boleh digunakan untuk mengekalkan kesegaran makanan dan meningkatkan rasanya? A B C D
Tartrazine and sodium benzoate Tartrazina dan natrium benzoat Ascorbic acid and sodium benzoate Asid askorbik dan natrium benzoat Monosodium glutamate and tartrazine Mononatrium glutamat dan tartrazina Monosodium glutamate and ascorbic acid Mononatrium glutamat dan asid askorbik
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37 Diagram 6 shows an energy level diagram Rajah 6 menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga.
Energy
H+ +
OH∆H = -57 kJ mol-1 H2O
Diagram 6 Rajah 6 Based on Diagram 6, it can be concluded that Berdasarkan rajah di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahawa A B C D
the heat of neutralization is – 57 kJ mol-1 haba peneutralan ialah – 57 kJ mol-1 57 kJ of energy is needed for the reaction. 57 kJ tenaga diperlukan untuk tindak balas itu the products of reaction contain more energy than the reactants. hasil tindak balas mengandungi lebih tenaga berbanding bahan tindak balas the temperature at the end of the reaction is lower than that at the beginning of the reaction suhu pada akhir tindak balas adalah lebih rendah berbanding pada awal tindak balas
38 Which of the following changes can increase the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction? Antara perubahan berikut, yang manakah dapat meningkatkan jumlah hasil dalam suatu tindakbalas kimia? A B C D
Increase the concentration of the reactant Meningkatkan kepekatan bahan tindak balas Reduce the mass of catalyst Mengurangkan jisim mangkin Increase the size of a solid reactant Meningkatkan saiz bahan tindakbalas Decrease the volume of reactant Mengurangkan isipadu larutan bahan tindakbalas
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39 Diagram 7 shows the energy level diagram of a reaction. Rajah 7 menunjukkan gambarajah aras tenaga bagi suatu tindak balas Energy Tenaga HNO3 + NaOH ∆H = -57 kJ mol-1 NaNO3 + H2O Diagram 7 Rajah 7 Which of the following acids is suitable to replace nitric acid, HNO3 to obtain the same ∆H value? Asid yang manakah sesuai untuk menggantikan asid nitrik, HNO3 bagi mendapatkan nilai ∆H yang sama? A Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH Asid etanoik, CH3COOH B Hydrochloric acid, HCl Asid hidroklorik, HCl C Carbonic acid, H2CO3 Asid karbonik, H2CO3 D Sulphuric acid, H2SO4 Asid sulfurik, H2SO4 40 The following is the thermochemical equation for a reaction. Berikut adalah persamaan termokimia bagi satu tindak balas. Zn + CuSO4
ZnSO4 + Cu
∆H = -210 kJ mol-1
Calculate the heat change when 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution reacts with excess zinc. Hitung perubahan haba apabila 50 cm3 larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 1.0 mol dm-3 bertindak balas dengan zink yang berlebihan. A B C D
10.5 kJ 105 kJ 420 kJ 4200 kJ
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41 Diagram 8 shows the set-up of the apparatus to determine the heat of precipitation of silver chloride. Rajah 8 menunjukkan gambar rajah susunan radas untuk menentukan haba pemendakan bagi argentum klorida. Thermometer Termometer
28.0oC
28.0oC Polystyrene cup
Cawan Polistirena
+ 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of sodium chloride solution 50 cm3 larutan natrium klorida 1.0 mol dm-3
25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of silver nitrate solution 25 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3
Thermometer Termometer 31.0oC
Stir Kaca Mixture of the solution Campuran larutan White precipitate Mendakan putih
Diagram 8 Rajah 8 What is the heat of precipitation of silver chloride? Berapakah haba pemendakan bagi argentum klorida? [Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 Jg-1oC-1, density of solution = 1 g cm-3] [Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 Jg-1oC-1, ketumpatan larutan = 1 g cm-3] A 37800 kJ mol-1 B 18900 kJ mol-1 C 18.9 kJ mol-1 D 37.8 kJ mol-1
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The following equation shows the reaction between excess zinc powder and dilute hydrochloric acid: Persamaan berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara serbuk zink berlebihan dengan asid hidroklorik cair: Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 Which of the following graphs represents the volume of hydrogen gas (V) released against time (t)? Antara graf berikut yang manakah mewakili isipadu gas hidrogen (V) yang dibebaskan melawan masa (t)? A
B
C
D
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Diagram 9 shows the set-up of apparatus used to study the rate of reaction of marble chips and nitric acid. Rajah 9 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara ketulan marmar dengan asid nitrik
Diagram 9 Rajah 9 . The rate of reaction in this experiment can be increased by Kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen ini boleh ditingkatkan dengan A B C D
using the smaller sizes of marble chips menggunakan saiz ketulan marmar yang lebih kecil using a larger conical flask. menggunakan kelalang kon yang lebih besar adding water to the nitric acid. menambahkan air ke dalam asid nitrik decreasing the temperature of the nitric acid merendahkan suhu asid nitrik
44 Effective collision is the collision where Perlanggaran berkesan ialah perlanggaran yang A its energy is less than the activation energy and with correct orientation tenaganya kurang daripada tenaga pengaktifan dan dalam orientasi yang betul. B has a low energy mempunyai tenaga yang rendah C its energy is equal to the activation energy tenaganya sama dengan dengan tenaga pengaktifan D its energy is greater than the activation energy with the correct orientation tenaganya lebih besar daripada tenaga pengaktifan dan dalam orientasi yang betul
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Excess zinc granules are added to 50 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen gas evolved is collected at 30 second intervals. The results are tabulated in Table 4. Butiran zink yang berlebihan ditambahkan kepada 50 cm3 asid hiroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3. Keputusan dicatatkan di dalam Jadual 4. Time /s Masa/s Total volume of H2 /cm3 Jumlah isipadu H2 /cm3
0
30
60
90
120
150
0
11
18
22
24
24
Table 4 Jadual 4 What information can you obtain from the results of this experiment? Apakah maklumat yang boleh diperolehi daripada keputusan eksperimen ini? I
No hydrogen gas is released after 120 seconds Tiada gas hidrogen dibebaskan selepas 120 saat II The average rate of reaction is 0.16 cm3 s-1 Purata kadar tindak balas ialah 0.16 cm3 s-1 III The total volume of hydrogen gas collected is 99 cm3 Jumlah isipadu gas yang terkumpul ialah 99 cm3 IV The rate of hydrogen gas released decreases with time Kadar pembebasan gas berkurang dengan masa A IV only B I and IV C I, II and IV D I, III and IV 46 The following chemical equation shows a reaction for ethanol. Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan satu tindak balas bagi etanol . C2H5OH
→
C2H4
+
What is the name of the reaction? Apakah nama bagi tindak balas itu? A Oxidation Pengoksidaan B Reduction Penurunan C Dehydration Pendehidratan D Fermentation Penapaian
23
H2O
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47 Hexene is classified as an unsaturated hydrocarbon because Heksena dikelaskan sebagai hidrokarbon tidak tepu kerana A it contains only carbon and hydrogen . ia mengandungi karbon dan hidrogen sahaja. B it is a liquid at room temperature. ia adalah cecair pada suhu bilik. C it is less dense than water. ia kurang tumpat daripada air D it has a double bond between carbon atoms. ia mempunyai ikatan ganda dua di antara atom karbon 48 Diagram 10 shows the structural formula of a compound. Rajah 10 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi suatu sebatian..
Diagram 10 Rajah 10 Name the compound using IUPAC nomenclature. Namakan sebatian tersebut menggunakan penamaan IUPAC. A 2,4-dimethylhexane 2,4-dimetilheksana B 3,5-dimethylhexane 3,5-dimetilheksana C 1,1,3-trimethylpentane 1,1,3-trimetilpentana D 3,5,5-trimethylpentane 3,5,5-trimetilpentana
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49 Which chemical formulae represent saturated hydrocarbon? Formula kimia yang manakah mewakili hidrokarbon tepu? I
CH3CH(CH3)CH3
II
CH3CH2CH2CH3
III
CH2CHCH2CH3
IV
CH3CHCHCH3
A
I and II I dan II I and III I dan III II and III II dan III II and IV II dan IV
B C D
50 The molecular formulae of two molecules P and Q are as follows. Formula molekul bagi molekul P dan Q adalah seperti berikut
CH3CH2OH P
CH3CH2CH2OH Q
Which of the following statements is true for both molecules P and Q? Di antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar bagi kedua – dua molekul P dan Q? A B C D
They have different functional groups Kedua – duanya mempunyai kumpulan berfungsi yang berlainan All their physical properties are similar Semua sifat fiziknya sama All their chemical properties are different Semua sifat kimianya berbeza They can be represented by the same general formula Kedua – duanya boleh diwakili oleh satu formula am yang sama
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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Nama
SULIT 4541/2 Chemistry Kertas 2 September
Tingkatan
2 ½ jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Kertas 2 Dua jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B and Bahagian C. 2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tulis jawapan dalam Bahagian A dalam ruangan yang disediakan.. 3. Jawab satu soalan dalam Bahagian B dan satu soalan dalan Bahagian C. Jawab saoalan dalam Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan kimia, rajah, jadual, graf dan kaedah yang bersesuaian untuk menerangkan jawapan anda. 4. Tunjukkan jalan kerja. Ia dapat membantu anda mendapat markah. 5. Rajah dalam soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala. 6. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan. 7. Anda boleh menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak diprogramkan. 8. Serahkan kertas jawapan pada akhir waktu peperiksaan.
Untuk kegunaan pemeriksa Bahagian No. Markah 1 2 3 A 4 5 6 Jumlah 7 B 8 Jumlah 9 C 10 Jumlah Jumlah Markah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 24 halaman bercetak [Lihat halaman sebelah
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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.
3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper’ (examination pad) Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada kertas tulis (kertas jawapan). Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.
6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
8. The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and Section C is 30 minutes. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit.
9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.
10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination. Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.
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Section A Bahagian A [ 60 marks ] [ 60 markah ] Answer all questions in this section Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1
Table 1.1 shows the proton number and nucleon number of atom for the elements carbon, oxygen, magnesium and sulphur. Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom unsur karbon, oksigen, magnesium dan sulfur. Elements Unsur Proton number Nombor proton Nucleon number Nombor nukleon
Carbon Karbon
Oxygen Oksigen
Magnesium Magnesium
Sulphur Sulfur
6
8
12
16
12
16
24
32
Table 1.1 Jadual 1.1 (a)
What is meant by proton number ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton ?
1(a) 1(a)(ii)
............................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (b)
State the type of particles consists in magnesium metal. Nyatakan jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam logam magnesium.
1
1(b) 1
…………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] (c)
(i)
Write the electron arrangement for sulphur atom . Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom sulfur.
1(c)(i) 1(a)(
(ii)
……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] State the valence electron for sulphur atom. Nyatakan elektron valen bagi atom sulfur. ……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
1
1(c)(ii) 1
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(d)
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Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are the isotopes of carbon. Karbon-12 dan Karbon-14 adalah isotop karbon.
(i)
(ii)
What is meant by isotopes ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop ? ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] State the use of carbon-14 in archeology field. Nyatakan kegunaan karbon-14 dalam bidang arkeologi
1(d)(i) 1
1(d)(ii)
……………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] (e)
1
Figure 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to study the heating of copper(II) carbonate. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi mengkaji pemanasan kuprum(II) karbonat.
Copper(II) carbonate Kuprum(II) karbonat Heat Panaskan
(i)
(ii)
Figure 1.1 Rajah 1.1 Complete the set-up of apparatus in Figure 1.1 to test the gas liberated when copper(II) carbonate is heated. Lengkapkan susunan radas dalam Rajah 1.1 bagaimana menguji gas yang terbebas apabila kuprum(II) karbonat dipanaskan [2 marks] Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku. ……………………………………………………………………………... [2 marks]
1(e)(i) 2
1(e)(ii) 2
Total A1 10
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2
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Diagram 2.1 shows part of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebahagian Jadual Berkala Unsur. 1
18 2
13
14
15
A D
16
17
B
E G
C F H
Diagram 2.1 Rajah 2.1 A, B, C, D, E , F , G and H are not the actual symbols of the elements. A, B, C, D, E , F , G dan H bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur. Use these letters to answer the following questions. Gunakan huruf-huruf ini bagi menjawab soalan yang berikut. (a)
(i)
State which two elements have similar chemical properties. Nyatakan dua unsur yang mempunyai sifat kimia yang serupa.
………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] (ii) Explain your answer in (a)(i). Terangkan jawapan anda di (a)(i).
(b)
(c)
………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark Which element forms an amphoteric oxide ? Unsur yang manakah menghasilkan oksida amfoterik? ………………………………………………………………………………........... [1 mark] (i) Which element is chemically unreactive ? Unsur yang manakah adalah lengai secara kimia? ………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
2(a)(i) 1
2(a)(ii) 1
2(b) 1
2(c)(i) 1
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6 SULIT (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (c)(i). Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di (c)(i).
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2(c)(ii) ………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark] (d)
1
Arrange the elements A, B, C, D, E and F in the order of increasing atomic size. Susunkan unsur-unsur A, B, C, D, E, dan F mengikut tertib saiz atom menaik. 2(d) ……………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
(e)
(i) State one physical property of the compound formed when A reacts with F. Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian yang terbentuk apabila A bertindak balas dengan F.
1
2(e)(i)
………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
1
(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed in(e)(i). Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk di (e)(i).
2(e)(ii) [2 marks] (iii) Name the type of chemical bond formed in the compound. Namakan jenis ikatan kimia yang terbentuk dalam sebatian ini. ………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark ]
2
2(e)(iii) 1
Total A2 10
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3
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Table 3.1 shows the results of two tests done to hydrogen chloride in solvent X and solvent Y. Jadual 3.1 menunjukkan keputusan bagi dua ujian yang dijalankan ke atas hidrogen klorida di dalam pelarut X dan pelarut Y. Test Ujian A small piece of marble chip is added into hydrogen chloride Ketulan kecil marmar di tambahkan ke dalam hidrogen klorida
Reaction with blue litmus paper Tindakbalas dengan kertas litmus biru
Hydrogen chloride in Hydrogen klorida dalam Solvent X Solvent Y Pelarut X Pelarut Y No change Effervescence occurs. A Tiada perubahan colourless gas is liberated Pembuakan berlaku. Gas tidak berwarna dibebaskan. No change The colour of blue litmus paper turns Tiada perubahan red. Warna kertas litmus biru bertukar merah
Table 3.1 (a) Name the type of particles of hydrogen chloride found in Namakan zarah hidrogen klorida yang terdapat dalam (i)
(ii)
Solvent X: PelarutX : ……………………………………………………….................. [1 mark]
(a)(i)
Solvent Y PelarutY :....................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(a)(ii)
(b) Suggest a name for solvent Y. Cadangkan nama bagi larutan Y. .................................................................................................................................. [1 mark]
1
1
(b) 1
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(c) Explain why hydrogen chloride in solvent Y produce colourless gas while no change is observed when hydrogen chloride is in solvent X. Terangkan mengapa hidrogen klorida dalam pelarut Y menghasilkan gas tanpa warna manakala tiada perubahan diperhatikan apabila hidrogen klorida dalam pelarut X.
(c)
..................................................................................................................................
2
.................................................................................................................................. [2 marks] (d) Flow chart in diagram 3.2 shows a series of chemical changes of salt Q . Carta alir dalam rajah3.2 menunjukkan siri perubahan kimia garam Q
Salt Q Garam Q Heated / dipanaskan Solid U + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen (Solid U is yellow when hot, white when cold) Pepejal U + nitrogen dioksida + oksigen (Pepejal U berwarna kuning bila panas, putih bila sejuk) Add dilute sulphuric acid Tambah asid sulfurik cair Solution Z Larutan Z Diagram 3.2 Rajah 3.2 (i)
Name solid U. Namakan pepejal U. .....…………………………………………………………………………... [1mark]
(d)(i) 1
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(ii)
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Write the chemical equation to represent the reaction when salt Q is heated Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi mewakili tindak balas pemanasan garam Q
d(ii)
………………………………………………………………………………
2
[2 marks] (e) Solution Z is produced when solid U is reacted with dilute sulphuric acid. Larutan Z terhasil apabila pepejal U bertindakbalas dengan asid sulfurik cair. Describe the confirmatory test for the cation presents in solution Z. Huraikan ujian pengesahan bagi kation yang hadir dalam larutan Z. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................
d(ii) (e)
2
[2 marks] Total A3 10
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Diagram 4.1 shows the set-up of apparatus for two types of cells. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua jenis sel.
salt bridge titian garam
silver argentum
silver nitrate argentum nitrat
Beaker 1 Bikar 1 Cell 1 Sel 1
zinc zink
Beaker 2 Bikar 2
zinc sulphate zink sulfat
carbon karbon copper(II) sulphate kuprum(II) sulfat Cell 2 Sel 2 Diagram 4.1 Rajah 4.1 (a)
Name the type of cells in cell 1 and cell 2. Namakan jenis bagi Sel 1 dan Sel 2. Cell 1 : Sel 1: ……………………………..
(b)
4(a) 1(a)(ii)
Cell 2 : Sel 2 : ………………………………… [ 2 marks]
State the energy change that takes place in cell 2. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam sel 2. …………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
2
4(b) 1
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(i) State the product formed at the negative terminal of Cell 1. Nyatakan hasil yang terbentuk di terminal negatif Sel 1. 4(c)(i) …………………………………………………………………………………. [1 mark] (ii) Write the half equation for the reaction at the negative terminal. Tuliskan persamaan setengah bagi tindak balas berlaku di terminal negatif .
1
4(c)(ii)
…………………………………………………………………………………. [ 1 mark] (d)
(e)
Draw the direction of the flow of electron in Cell 1 in the diagram above. Lukiskan arah pengaliran elektron pada Sel 1 dalam rajah di atas. [ 1 mark] State all the ions present in the electrolyte in Cell 2. Nyatakan semua ion yang hadir di dalam elektrolit Sel 2 .
1
4(d) 1
4(e)
………………………………………………………………………………. . . [ 1 mark] (f)
The circuit in Cell 2 is completed and the current is allowed to flow for 10 minutes. Litar di dalam Sel 2 dilengkapkan dan arus elektrik dibenarkan mengalir selama 10 minit. (i) State the observation at the cathode of this cell. Nyatakan pemerhatian pada katod sel ini. ………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark] (ii)
Explain your answer in f(i) above. Terangkan jawapan anda di f(i) di atas. …………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark]
1
4(f)(i)
1
4(f) (ii) 1
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(g)
12
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What is the difference between Cell 1 and Cell 2 in terms of their structures? Apakah perbezaan struktur yang terdapat pada Sel 1 dan Sel 2? 4(g) ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark]
1
Total A4 10
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5 (a) Table 5.1 shows the stages and reactions in the manufacture of sulphuric acid in industry. Jadual 5.1 menunjukkan peringkat dan tindak balas dalam pembuatan asid sulfurik secara industri. Stage Peringkat 1 2 3 4
Reactions Tindak balas S + O2
→ SO2 Cataylst X Mangkin X
………
+
……….
2SO3
SO3 + H2SO4 → H2S2O7 H2S2O7 + H2O → 2 H2SO4 Table 5.1 Jadual 5.1
(i)
Name the process to manufacture sulphuric acid. Namakan proses pembuatan asid sulfurik.
5(a)(i)
…………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] (ii)
Complete the chemical equation in stage 2. Lengkapkan persamaan kimia dalam peringkat 2.
5(a)(ii) [2 marks]
(iii)
Name the catalyst X used for the reaction in stage 2 . Namakan mangkin X yang digunakan dalam tindak balas peringkat 2. ............................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(iv)
1
State one use of sulphuric acid. Nyatakan satu kegunaan asid sulfurik. ............................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
2
5(a)(iii) 1
5(a)(iv) 1
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(b)
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The equation below shows how a cleaning agent X can be prepared. Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana agen pencuci X disediakan Palm oil + Sodium hydroxide cleaning agent X + Glycerol Minyak sawit + Natrium hidroksida agen pencuci X + Gliserol
(i)
(ii)
What is the name of this reaction ? Apakah nama tindakbalas ini ? ………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark] State the name of cleaning agent X. Nyatakan nama agen pencuci X.
…………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] (iii) Sodium chloride is added to the mixture to complete the preparation of the cleaning agent X. Explain why. Natrium klorida ditambahkan ke dalam campuran untuk melengkapkan penyediaan agen pencuci X. Terangkan mengapa.
5(b)(i) 1
5(b)(ii) 1
5(b)(iii) 1
…………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] (iv) Two cleaning agents, J and K, are used to wash clothes in sea water and tap water. Table 6.2 shows the result obtained. Dua agen pencuci , J dan K digunakan untuk mencuci kain dalam air laut dan air paip. Jadual 6.2 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi Cleaning agent Sea water Tap water Agen pencuci Air laut Air paip Forms scum Does not form scum J Skum terbentuk Skum tidak terbentuk Does not form scum Does not form scum K Skum tidak terbentuk Skum tidak terbentuk State the type of cleaning agents J and K. Nyatakan jenis agen pencuci J dan K. 5(b)(iv) J: ……………………………………………………………………………… K: ……………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]
2
Total A5 10
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6 Diagram 6.1 shows the flow chart of a series of conversion of compounds starting from propene. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan carta alir bagi suatu siri penukaran sebatian bermula dari propena. Propene Propena C3H6
Process I
Alcohol P Alkohol P
Process IV Process III
Process II Ethanoic acid Asid Etanoik
Substance Q Bahan Q
acidified potassium dichromate (VI) catalyst T Kalium dikromat(VI) berasid Mangkin T
Substance R, C2H5COOH Bahan R, C2H5COOH Diagram 6.1 Rajah 6.1 Based on Diagram 6.1, answer the following questions: Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1,jawab soalan berikut: (a)
Name alcohol P. Namakan alkohol P.
6(a)
............................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (b)
Write a chemical equation for the conversion reaction in Process I. Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindakbalas yang berlaku dalam Proses I. ........................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
1
6(b) 1
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(c) Alcohol P undergoes Process IV to form propene. Alkohol P menjalani Proses IV untuk membentuk propena. (i)
Name Process IV. Namakan Proses IV.
6(c)(i)
....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (ii)
1
Draw a labelled diagram to show how Process IV can be carried out in the laboratory. Lukiskan gambarajah berlabel bagaimana Proses IV dapat dijalankan di dalam makmal.
6(c)(ii) [2 marks] (d) (i)
What is the role of acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution in Process III? Apakah peranan larutan kalium dikromat(VI) berasid dalam Proses III?.
2
6(d)(i)
....................................................................................................................... [1 marks] (ii)
Name the type of reaction that has taken place in Process III Namakan jenis tindakbalas yang berlaku dalam Proses III. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(iii) State the observation that occurs in Process III. Nyatakan pemerhatian yang diperolehi dalam Proses III. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
1
6(d)(ii) 1
6(d)(iii) 1
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17
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(e) Substance Q is produced when alcohol P is reacted with ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid in Process II . Bahan Q dihasilkan apabila alkohol P bertindak balas dengan etanoik asid dalam kehadiran asid sulfurik pekat dalam Proses II. (i) Name the reaction that takes place in Process II. Namakan tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses II.
6(e)(i)
....................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (ii)
Write the chemical formula for substance Q. Tuliskan formula kimia bagi Q. ....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
1 6(e)(ii) 1
Total A6
10
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Section B [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes.
7 Table 7.1 shows the data obtained in an experiment to investigate the effect of concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution on the rate of reaction when reacted with an acid Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan data yang diperolehi daripada satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat ke atas kadar tindak balas apabila bertindak balas dengan asid Experiment Eksperimen Concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution / mol dm -3 Kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat / mol dm -3 Time for ‘X’ to disappear from sight / s Masa untuk tanda ‘X ’ tidak kelihatan / s
(a) (i) (ii)
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.08
0.04
0.02
17
21
30
45
80
100
Table 7.1 Jadual 7.1 What is meant by ‘rate of reaction’ in this experiment? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas di dalam eksperimen ini? Name the precipitate formed in the reaction. Namakan mendakan yang terbentuk dalam tindak balas yang berlaku.
(iii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in (a)(ii). Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas di (a)(ii). [3 marks] (b) (i)
Plot the graph of concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution against time on a piece of graph paper. Lukiskan graf kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat melawan masa di atas kertas graf. [3 marks]
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SULIT (ii)
(c) (i) (ii)
19 4541/2 Based on the graph obtained and using the collision theory, explain how concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution affects the rate of reaction. Berdasarkan graf yang diperolehi dan menggunakan teori perlanggaran , terangkan bagaimana kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. [5 marks] State three characteristics of catalysts. Nyatakan tiga ciri bagi mangkin. Name two examples of catalysts and the reactions that are catalysed by them. Namakan dua contoh mangkin dan tindak balas yang dimangkinkan oleh mangkin-mangkin tersebut.
(iii) Sketch an energy profile diagram of an exothermic reaction showing the effect of catalyst on the activation energy. Lakarkan gambar rajah profil tenaga bagi suatu tindak balas eksotermik yang menunjukkan kesan mangkin ke atas tenaga pengaktifan. [9 marks] Table 8.1 shows some of the physical properties of group 17 elements. Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sifat fizik unsur kumpulan 17.
8 (a)
Group 17 Physical Properties Elements Sifat Fizik Unsur Kumpulan Electronegativity Melting Boiling 17 Keelektronegatifan Points / oC Points /oC Takat Takat Lebur /oC Didih/ oC Flourine 4.0 -220 -188 Flourin Chlorine 3.0 -101 -35 Klorin Bromine 2.8 -7 59 Bromin Iodine 2.5 114 184 Iodin Table 8.1 Jadual 8.1 (i)
Densities / gcm-3 Ketumpatan/ gcm-3 0.0017 0.0032 3.13 4.94
By referring to the table, explain the trend of change in the physical properties of the group 17 elements as we down the group in the Periodic Table. Dengan merujuk kepada jadual ini, terangkan pola perubahan sifat fizik unsurunsur kumpulan 17 apabila kita menuruni kumpulan ini dalam Jadual Berkala. [10 marks]
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SULIT (ii)
20 4541/2 Compare the reactivity of the reactions of chlorine, bromine and iodine when heated with iron. Give the observations for these reactions. Bandingkan kereaktifan tindak balas klorin, bromin dan iodin dengan besi. Berikan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas-tindak balas ini. [ 4 marks]
(b)
The statement below refers to the reaction of chlorine with sodium. Pernyatan di bawah merujuk kepada tindak balas klorin dengan natrium . When heated, sodium reacts rapidly with chlorine to form sodium chloride compound Apabila dipanaskan, natrium bertindak balas secara pantas dengan klorin menghasilkan sebatian natrium klorida
Based on the above statement, Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas , (i) Name the type of chemical bond formed in this compound. Namakan jenis ikatan kimia yang terbentuk di dalam sebatian ini. (ii) Draw the electron arrangement of the formation for this compound. Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi pembentukan sebatian ini. (iii) Predict the electrical conductivity of this compound in the solid and molten state and give reasons for your prediction. [ Proton Number : Na ; 11 , Chlorine ; 17 ] Ramalkan kekonduksian elektrik sebatian ini dalam keadaan pepejal dan leburan dan berikan sebab-sebab bagi ramalan anda. [ Nombor Proton : Na ; 11, Klorin : 17] [6 marks]
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21
SULIT
4541/2
Section C [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes.
9
(a)
(i)
What is meant by salt? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan garam? [1 mark] The table shows the names for two type of salts. Jadual berikut menunjukkan nama bagi dua jenis garam. Lead(II) chloride Plumbum(II) klorida
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
Copper(II) sulphate Kuprum(II) sulfat
Which of the salts given is an insoluble salt? Name the reaction used to prepare insoluble salt. Di antara garam yang diberikan di atas, yang mana merupakan garam yang tak terlarutkan? Namakan tindak balas bagi menyediakan garam yang tak terlarutkan. [2 marks]
Describe how you would prepare the insoluble salt above in the laboratory. In your answer, write the ionic equation to represent the reaction. Huraikan bagaimana anda boleh menyediakan garam tak terlarutkan yang disebutkan di atas dalam makmal. Dalam jawapan anda, tuliskan persamaan ion bagi mewakili tindakbalas tersebut. [7 marks] You are given solid potassium chloride salt. Describe how you would prepare potassium chloride solution of concentration 0.5 mol dm-3 using a 250 cm3 volumetric flask in laboratory [Relative atomic mass ; K= 39 , Cl = 35.5] Anda diberikan pepejal garam kalium klorida. Huraikan bagaimana anda boleh menyediakan larutan kalium klorida dengan kepekatan 0.5 mol dm-3 menggunakan kelalang volumetrik berisipadu 250 cm3 di dalam makmal [Jisim atom relatif ; K=39, Cl = 35.5] [10 marks]
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SULIT
10
(a)
4541/2
What is meant by heat of neutralisation? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan haba peneutralan? [2 marks]
(b)
Two experiments were carried out to determine heat of neutralisation between two different acids and an alkali. Table 10.1 shows the results of the experiments. Dua experimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan haba peneutralan antara dua asid yang berbeza dan suatu alkali. Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut ( Specific heat capacity of water; 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 ; Density of water : 1 g cm-3) (Muatan haba tentu air; 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 ; Ketumpatan air : 1 g cm-3) Experiment Eksperimen
I
Substance Bahan
Hydrochloric acid Asid hidroklorik Sodium hydroxide Natrium hidroksida Ethanoic acid Asid etanoik
Volume Isipadu / cm3
Concentration Kepekatan / mol dm-3
25.0
2.0 -57
25.0
2.0
25.0
2.0
II Sodium hydroxide Natrium hidroksida
Heat of neutralisation, Haba Peneutralan, ∆H (kJ/mol)
-55 25.0
Table 10.1 Jadual 10.1
2.0
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SULIT
(i)
4541/2
Write a chemical equation for the reaction in experiment I . Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas dalam eksperimen 1. [2 marks]
(ii)
Calculate the heat change in experiment I . Hitungkan perubahan haba dalam eksperimen I. [2 marks]
(iii)
Draw an energy level diagram for experiment I . Lukiskan gambarajah aras tenaga bagi eksperimen 1. [2 marks]
(iv)
(c)
Based on the data provided in Table 10.1, explain why heat of neutralisation for Experiment II is lower than in Experiment I. Berdasarkan data dalam Jadual 10.1, terangkan mengapa haba peneutralan bagi eksperimen II lebih rendah berbanding eksperimen 1. [2 marks]
Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the heat of neutralisation between ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide. Your answer should contain of the following: Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal bagi menentukan haba peneutralan antara asid etanoik dengan natrium hidroksida. Jawapan anda mestilah mengandungi perkara berikut:
List of materials and apparatus Senarai bahan dan radas Procedures of the experiment Kaedah eksperimen Precautionary steps Langkah berjaga-jaga
[10 marks]
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
2
3
4
5
6
40
39
38
Sr
37
Rb
Radium 226
Francium 223
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
*Unq
Actinide Series
*Uns
107*
186
Rhenium
Re 108* *Uno
Osmium 190
Os
76
101
Ruthenium
Ru
44
Iron 56
Fe
26
231
U Uranium 238
Pa Protactinium
Th
237
Neptunium
Np
93*
92
Thorium 232
Pm Promethium 147
Nd
61*
Neodymium 144
60
91
141
Praseodimiu m
Pr
59
* - elements not yet discovered
* - Not exist naturally
106* *Unh
184
Tungsten
W
75
98
74
Technetium
96
Tc
43*
55
Manganese
Molybdenum
Mo
42
52
Chromium
Mn
25
90
Cerium 140
Ce
58
*Unp
105*
181
Tantalum
Ta
73
Niobium 93
Nb
41
51
Vanadium
Cr
24
Europiu m 152
Samariu m 150
Pu 242
Plutonium
243
Americium
Am
95*
Eu
Sm 94*
63
Platinum 195
Pt
78
106
Pa ll adi um
Pd
46
Nickel 59
Ni
28
62
*Une
109*
Iridium 192
Ir
Rhodiu m 103 77
Rh
Kobalt 59 45
Co
27
9
Kurium 247
Cm
96*
157
Gadoliniu m
Gd
64
Gold 197
Au
79
Silver 108
Ag
47
Copper 64
Cu
29
247
Berkelium
Bk
97*
Terbium 159
Tb
65
Mercury 201
Hg
80
112
Cad miu m
Cd
48
Zinc 65
Zn
30
251
Californium
Cf
98*
162.5
Dysprosium
Dy
66
Thallium 204
Tl
81
Indium 115
In
49
Gallium 70
Ga
Er
Fermium
253
254
Fm
100*
Erbium 167
Einsteinium
Es
99*
Holmiu m 165
Ho
68
Bismuth 209
Lead 207
67
Bi
83
Antimony 122
Sb
51
Arsenic 75
As
33
31
Phosphorus
P
15
Nitrogen 14
N
7
Pb
82
Tin 119
Sn
50
73
Germaniu m
Ge
32
Si Silicon 28
Al Aluminum 27 31
14
Carbon 12
C
6
13
Boron 11
B
5
256
Mendelevium
Md
101*
Tulium 169
Tm
69
210
Po lon iu m
Po
84
128
Tellurium
Te
52
79
Se len iu m
Se
34
Sulfur 32
S
16
Oxygen 16
O
8
254
Nobelium
No
102*
Ytterbium 173
Yb
70
Astatine 210
At
85
Iodine 127
I
53
Bromine 80
Br
35
Chlorine 35.5
Cl
17
Fluorine 19
F
9
260
Lawrenciu m
Lr
103*
Lutetium 175
Lu
71
Radon 222
Rn
86
Xenon 131
Xe
54
Krypton 84
Kr
36
Argon 40
Ar
18
Neon 20
Ne
10
4
Helium
24
Lanthanide Series
Actinium 227
89
Ac
88
Ra
87
104*
Hafnium 178.5
139
Lanthanum
Fr
Barium 137
Cesium 144
72
Hf
57
56
Ba
55
91
Zirconium
La
Yttrium 89
88
Strontium
Cs
Rubidium 85.5
Zr
45
Calcium 40
Potassium
V
23
8
Relative atomic mass
Transition Elements
7
Sodium 23
SULIT
Y
Titanium 48
Scandium
Ca
K
39
Ti
Sc
20
19
22
21
24
12
11
Mg
9
Magnesium
Beryllium
Lithium 7
Na
Be
Li
Sodium 23
4
3
1
Hydrogen
2
He
Proton Number Symbol of Elements Name of the element
11
Na
1
18
H
1
PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
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4541/2
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Nama 4541/3 Chemistry Kertas 3
33
Kelas
September 2010 1 ½ jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJAR AN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Kertas 3 Satu jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Tuliskan nama dan tingkatan pada ruang yang disediakan. 2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwi bahasa. 3. Calon hendaklah membaca arahan pada halaman 2 .
Untuk kegunaan pemeriksa sahaja Soalan
Markah Penuh
1
33
2
17
Jumlah
50
Markah diperolehi
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak
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SULIT INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab semua soalan. 2. Write your answer for Question 1 in the spaces provided in the question paper.
Tulis jawapan anda bagi Soalan 1 pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. 3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the writing paper . Tulis jawapan anda bagi Soalan 2 pada kertas tulis. 4. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graph and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan , rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda. 5. Show your working, it may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah. 6. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru. 7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan. 8. The time suggested to answer each of the questions is 45 minutes. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab setiap soalan ialah 45 minit. 9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram. 10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination. Serahkan kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan
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SULIT Answer all question Jawab semua soalan 1 Table 1 shows the data collected by a student to determine a relationship between the concentration of nitric acid with pH value. 250 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 standard solution is prepared. The acid solution is then diluted to produce four solutions with different concentrations. pH value for each solution is determined by using pH meter. Jadual 1 menunjukkan data yang dikumpul oleh seorang pelajar bagi menentukan hubungan antara kepekatan asid nitrik dengan nilai pH. 250 cm3, 0.1 mol dm-3 larutan piawai telah disediakan. Larutan asid itu kemudian dicairkan untuk mendapatkan empat larutan yang berbeza kepekatan. Nilai pH bagi setiap larutan ditentukan menggunakan meter pH. Concentration / 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 mol dm-3 -3 Kepekatan / mol dm 1.1 2.2 3.1 4.3 5.1 pH value Nilai pH
For Examiner’s Use
Table 1 Jadual 1
(a)
Based on data in Table 1, complete the table below. Berdasarkan data dalam Jadual 1, lengkapkan jadual di bawah. Variables
Action to be taken
Manipulated variable Pembolehubah dimanipulasi
Method to manipulate variable Kaedah memanipulasikan pemboleh ubah ………………………………………... .............................................................. ………………………………………... ……………………………………….. Responding variable What to observe in the responding variable Pembolehubah bergerak balas Perkara yang perlu diperhati dalam ………………………………………... pembolehubah bergerak balas ………………………………………... .............................................................. .............................................................. Constant variable Method to maintain constant variable Pembolehubah dimalarkan Kaedah untuk menetapkan pemboleh ubah dimalarkan ………………………………………... .............................................................. 1(a) ………………………………………... .............................................................. [3 + 3 marks]
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SULIT For Examiner’s Use
(b) State the hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini. ....................................................................................................................................
1(b)
……………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]
3
(c)
Predict the concentration of nitric acid solution if the pH value is 6.2 Ramalkan kepekatan larutan asid nitrik jika nilai pH adalah 6.2 ………………………………………………………………………………………. [3 marks]
1(c) 3
(d) Calculate the volume of the standard solution needed to prepare 250cm3 of 0.001 mol dm-3 nitric acid solution. Hitungkan isipadu larutan piawai yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan 250cm3, 0.001 mol dm-3 larutan asid nitrik.
1(d) [3 marks] (e)
3
The student then carry out an experiment to determine the end point for neutralisation reaction between the standard solution of nitric acid and sodium hydroxide solution. Two drops of phenolphthalein indicator is added to sodium hydroxide solution in a conical flask. The nitric acid is added carefully from the burette into the conical flask until the mixture changes in colour. The titration is repeated three times using the same volume and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution. Pelajar tersebut seterusnya menjalankan eksperimen untuk menentukan takat akhir tindak balas peneutralan antara larutan piawai asid nitrik dan larutan natrium hidroksida. Dua titis penunjuk fenoftalin ditambah ke dalam kelalang kon yang berisi larutan natrium hidroksida. Asid nitrik dalam buret ditambahkan ke dalam kelalang kon sehingga campuran berubah warna. Pentitratan diulang tiga kali menggunakan isipadu dan kepekatan larutan natrium hidroksida yang sama.
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SULIT
Figure 1 shows the initial and final burette readings for the experiment. Rajah 1 menunjukkan bacaan awal dan bacaan akhir buret bagi eksperimen tersebut.
For Examiner’s Use
First titration Titratan pertama 1
25
2
26
Initial burette reading : Bacaan awal buret :
Final burette reading : Bacaan akhir buret :
…………………..
……………………
Second titration Titratan kedua 0
24
1
Initial burette reading : Bacaan awal buret : …………………..
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25
Final burette reading : Bacaan akhir buret : ……………………
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SULIT Third titration Titratan ketiga
For Examiner’s Use
2
27
3
28
Initial burette reading : Bacaan awal buret :
Final burette reading : Bacaan akhir buret :
…………………..
…………………… Figure 1 Rajah 1
Record all the burette readings for the experiment in Figure 1. Catatkan semua bacaan buret bagi eksperimen tersebut dalam Rajah1.
1 (e) [3 marks] 3
(f)
Construct a table to record the initial burette readings, final burette readings and the volume of nitric acid used in the experiment. Bina satu jadual bagi merekodkan bacaan awal buret, bacaan akhir buret dan isipadu asid nitrik yang digunakan dalam eksperimen tersebut.
1(f)
[3 marks]
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SULIT For Examiner’s Use
(g) State the colour change of phenolphthalein in the titration. Nyatakan perubahan warna fenolftalin dalam titratan tersebut. .................................................................................................................................
1(g)
[3 marks] 3
(h) Based on the experiment, give the operational definition for the end point of neutralization. Berdasarkan eksperimen, berikan definasi secara operasi bagi takat akhir tindak balas peneutralan. ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... 1(h) .................................................................................................................................... [3 marks] 3
(i)
If the nitric acid is replaced with sulphuric acid of the same concentration, it is found that the volume of the sulphuric acid used in the titration is half of the volume of nitric acid. Explain why. Jika asid nitrik digantikan dengan asid sulfurik yang sama kepekatan , didapati isipadu asid sulfurik yang digunakan dalam titratan adalah separuh daripada isipadu asid nitrik. Terangkan. ………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………. [3 marks]
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1(i)
3
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SULIT (j)
For Examiner’s Use
Below are some example of acids. Berikut adalah contoh beberapa asid. Sulphuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid Asid sulfurik, asid nitrik dan asid hidroklorik
Classify the acids given into monoprotic acid and diprotic acid. Kelaskan asid yang diberi kepada asid monobes dan asid dwibes.
1(j)
[3 marks]
3
Total 1
33
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SULIT For Examiner’s Use
2 Answer one of the following questions. Jawab satu daripada dua soalan berikut. Question A Soalan A Experiment Eksperimen Electric current is flow through the molten lead(II) bromide. Arus elektrik dialirkan menerusi leburan plumbum(II) bromida.
Apparatus arrangement Susunan radas
Electric current is flow through the molten sulphur. Arus elektrik dialirkan menerusi leburan sulfur.
Based on the information given, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the difference in electrical conductivity between an ionic compound and a covalent compound. Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberi, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji perbezaan sifat kekonduksian elektrik di antara sebatian ionik dan sebatian kovalen.
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SULIT For Examiner’s Use
Your planning should include the following aspects: Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut: (a) Problem of statement Pernyataan masalah (b) All the variables Semua pembolehubah (c) Hypothesis Hipotesis (d) List of materials and apparatus Senarai bahan dan radas (e) Procedure Prosedur (f) Tabulation of data Penjadualan data
2(A)
[17 marks]
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SULIT For Examiner’s Use
Question B Soalan B A more electropositive metal acts as a sacrificial metal which corrodes itself to protect iron from rusting. Logam yang lebih elektropositif bertindak sebagai logam korban yang akan terkakis untuk melindungi besi daripada berkarat.
You are given iron nails, magnesium ribbon and copper strip. Referring to the situation above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of other metals on the rusting of iron. Anda diberi paku besi, pita magnesium dan kepingan kuprum. Berdasarkan situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan logam lain ke atas pengaratan besi. Your planning should include the following aspects: Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut: (a) Statement of problem Pernyataan masalah (b) All the variables Semua pembolehubah (c) Hypothesis Hipotesis (d) List of materials and apparatus Senarai bahan dan radas (e) Procedure Prosedur (f) Tabulation of data Penjadualan data
2(B) [17 marks] 17
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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SULIT
4541/1 dan 2
4541/1 dan 2 Chemistry Mark Scheme
Paper 1 and 2
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Mark Scheme Paper 1 and Paper 2 SET 1
Skema Pemarkahan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak.
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2
ANSWERS FOR CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (SET 1)
1
B
2
C
3
B
4
A
5
C
6
B
7
A
8
B
9
C
10
A
11
D
12
B
13
B
14
D
15
C
16
C
17
A
18
C
19
D
20
B
21
B
22
D
23
C
24
B
25
A
26
C
27
D
28
B
29
B
30
B
31
C
32
C
33
D
34
A
35
C
36
D
37
A
38
A
39
B
40
A
41
D
42
C
43
A
44
D
45
B
46
C
47
D
48
A
49
A
50
D
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3
SECTION A
1
(a)
Number of proton in an atom
(b)
Atom
(c)
(i) (ii)
2.8.6 6
(d)
(i)
(e)
(ii) (i)
(ii)
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons// Atoms of the same element with different nucleon number // Atoms that has the same number of proton but different number of neutron Estimate the age of fossils/artefacts 1. Functional diagram 2. Labeled CaCO3 1. Correct formula of reactant 2. Correct formula of products 3. Balance the equation
CuCO3 → CuO + CO2
2
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
(i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii)
F ,H They have same valence electron E/Aluminium C Achieved stable /octate electron arrangement C, B, A, F ,E ,D Low boiling point // insoluble in water// soluble in inorganic solvent// cannot conduct electricity ( any other acceptable physical properties [1. correct number of occupied electron shells and correct electrons in each shells for all the atoms, nuclei shown ] [2. four atoms of F combine covalently (sharing a pair of electrons)with one atom of A ]
1 1 1 1
1
1 1
Total
1
2
2 10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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3
(iii)
(a)
(i)
Molecule
1
(ii)
Ions
1
(b)
Water
(c)
1.
(d)
Covalent bond
1 10
Total
1
2.
In solvent X hydrogen chloride exists as molecules// in solvent Y hydrogen chloride ionize to produce hydrogen ions Hydrogen ions react with marble chips to produce carbon dioxide gas
(i)
Zinc oxide
(ii)
1. Correct formula for reactants and products 2. Balance the equation
1 1
2 1
1 1
2
1 1
2
2Zn(NO3)2 → 2ZnO + 4NO2 + O2 (e)
-add sodium hydroxide/ ammonia solution to solution Z until excess -white precipitate soluble in excess sodium hydroxide/ soluble in excess ammonia solution
10
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5
4
(a) (b) (c)
Cell 1 : Chemical cell /Voltaic cell (i) (ii)
(d) (e) (f)
(i) (ii)
Cell 2 : Electrolytic Cell
2
Electrical energy to Chemical energy zinc ions
1 1
Zn Zn 2+ + 2e [arrow from the zinc electrode to the silver electrode through the external circuit] Cu2+, SO42-, H+, OHBrown solid deposited at the cathode Cu2+ in the electrolyte accepts electron and forms copper atoms
1 1 1 1 1 1
(g) Cell1 No dry cells Electrodes are made up of different metals Has two different electrolytes Presence of salt bridge
Cell 2 Has dry cells Electrodes are made up of carbon Only one electrolyte No salt bridge [ any 1 pair ] Total
5
(a)
(i)
Contact Process
1 1 1
(ii)
1. Correct formula of reactants 2. Balance the equation 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3 (iii) Vanadium(V) oxide/ Vanadium pentoxide (iv) Any suitable correct uses Manufacture of paint/electrolyte (b)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
10
2 1 1
Saponification Soap Reduce solubility of soap in mixture J : Soap K : Detergent Total
1 1
1 1 1 2 10
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6
(a)
Propanol
1 1
(b) C3H6 + H2O → (c)
(d) (e)
C3H7OH
(i)
Dehydration
1
(ii)
-functional apparatus -labeled diagram : glass wool soaked with alcohol P/ propanol, Porcelain chips, delivery tube, a test tube invert in a basin of water to collect propene.
1 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (i)
Oxidizing agent Oxidation Orange to green Esterification
1 1 1 1
(ii)
CH3COOC3H7OH
1 10
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SECTION B 7
(a)
(i) (ii) (iii)
Fixed mass of sulphur produced per time Sulphur S + SO2 + H2O S2O32- + 2H+
1 1 1
3
(b)
(i)
1. Axis labelled and with units 2. Scales appropriate (size: min ¾ of graph paper) and consistent 3. Points correctly plotted and smooth curve drawn 1. As concentration of sodium thiosulphate increases, the time taken for the reaction decreases 2. Increase in concentration of sodium thiosulphate will increase the number of thiosulphate ions/ions per unit volume 3. Frequency of collision between thiosulphate ions and hydrogen ions increases 4. Frequency of effective collision increases 5. Increase in concentration of sodium thiosulphate increases the rate of reaction 1. Only a small amount of catalyst is needed to increase the rate of reaction. 2. Catalyst remained chemically unchanged 3. Catalyst undergoes physical changes during a chemical reaction. 4. Catalyst changes only the rate of reaction but not the amount of product. 5. Catalyst is specific in its reaction 6. Increase the catalyst will increase the rate of reaction [ Any 3 ]
1 1 1
3
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
Catalyst Nickel
Reaction -Manufacture of margarine -Hydrogenation of alkene to form alkane
Vanadium (V) oxide
-Contact Process / sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen to form sulphur trioxide [ or any correct examples of catalysts and their responding reactions]
(iii)
1. Y-axis labelled energy , X-axis labelled progress of reaction . 2. Activation energy with catalyst is drawn lower than the activation energy without catalyst for an exothermic reaction
1 1 1 1 1
5
3
2+2
1 1
9
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8
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
Total 1. Electronegativity decreases down the group 2. atomic radius /size becomes larger down the group 3. the force of attraction between nucleus and electrons become weaker 4. Melting points and boiling points increases down the group because 5. molecular size increases down the group, 6. attraction forces between molecules become stronger // intermolecular forces become stronger 7. more heat is needed to overcome this force of attraction 8. The density of halogens increases down the group because 9. even though both atomic mass and volume(size) of halogens increases down the group 10 The increase in atomic mass is bigger than volume (size). 1. Reaction of chlorine , bromine and iodine with iron : Reactivity of chlorine > bromine>iodine Halogen Observation Chlorine Iron (wool) ignites rapidly with bright flame, brown solid formed. Bromine Iron (wool) glows brightly , brown solid formed Iodine Iron (wool) glows dimly, brown solid formed.
20 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
4 1
(i)
1. Ionic bond
1
(ii)
1. [correct number of occupied electron shells, correct electrons in each shell and nuclei shown for both ions ] 2. [one sodium ions combine with one chloride ions, charges of ions shown ]
1
3. 4. 5. 6
1 1 1 1
can conduct electricity in the molten state cannot conduct in the solid state in molten state the ions are free to move in solid state ions are not free to move but held fixed in lattice Total
10
1
Max 5 20
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SECTION C 9
(a)
(i) (ii)
(iii)
Compound formed when hydrogen ion from an acid is replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions Lead(II) chloride
1
Double decomposition
1
1. Pour [50-100 cm3] [0.5-2.0 mol dm-3] lead(II) nitrate solution in a beaker 2. Add [50-100 cm3] [0.5-2.0 mol dm-3] sodium chloride / any soluble salts solution contain chloride ions into the beaker 3. Stir the mixture 4. filter the mixture 5. Rinse the residue with distilled water 6. dry the salt with filter paper 7. Equation:
1
1
1 1 1 1 1 1
Pb2+ + Cl - → PbCl2 (b)
[Calculate the molar mass of KCl required] 1. Molar mass of KCl = 39 + 35.5 = 74.5 g mol-1 [Calculate number of mole of KCl require] 2. No. of mole = (MV)/1000 = (0.5 x 250)/1000 = 0.125 mol [Calculate mass of KCl required] 3. Mass = 0.125 x 74.5 = 9.3125 g 4. Weigh out 9.3125 g of KCl
1
5. 6.
1 1
7. 8. 9.
1 1 1
Dissolve the solid KCl with a little distilled water in a beaker Transfer the solution into 250 cm3 volumetric flask using filter funnel. Rince the beaker and filter funnel with distilled water and add the washing to the flask Add distilled water into the flask slowly until the graduation mark. Closed the flask with stopper
10. Shake well//invert several time until the solution mixed well
Total
1 1 1 1 10 20
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10
(a)
Heat change/release when 1 mol of water formed from the reaction between an acid and alkali.
(b)(i)
1. Correct formula of reactants 2. Correct formula of product HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
(ii) (iii)
1. No. of mole = (2.0x 25.0)/1000 = 0.05 2. Heat change = 0.05 x 57 = 2.85 kJ /2,850 J
1
2 1 1
2
1. Vertical exes labeled energy with two energy level 1 2. Energy level of reactants is higher than products and ∆H= -57 kJmol-1 1
2
Energy HCl + NaOH ∆H = -57 kJmol-1 NaCl + H2O
(iv) (c)
1. Ethanoic acid is weak acid// Ethanoic acid ionize partially in water 2. Heat absorbed to ionized ethanoic acid
1 1
1. Materials: sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid 2. 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution is measured using a measuring cylinder and poured into a plastic cup. 3. 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is measured using another measuring cylinder and poured into a plastic cup. 4. The initial temperature of the solutions are measured after a few minutes. 5. The hydrochloric acid is then poured quickly and carefully into the sodium hydroxide solution 6. The mixture is stirred using a thermometer and the highest temperature reached is recorded. 7. Results: Initial temperature of sodium hydroxide solution = T1 0C. Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid = T2 0C Highest temperature = T 3 0C
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2
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11
Calculations 8. Average temperature of acid and alkali
= T1 + T2 2 0 = Tx C 9. Increase in temperature = (T3-Tx) = Ø 0C 10. Heat released in the reaction = (50 +50) ( C ) Ø = P Joule 11. Number of mole of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid = 50 x 2 1000 = 0.1 mol 12. Heat of neutralisation, ΔH = P /(0.1x1000) kJmol-1
SKEMA PEMARKAHAN TAMAT
1 1 1 1 1 Max
10
Total
20
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4541/3 Chemistry 3 September 2010
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY 3
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
Skema Pemarkahan ini mengandungi 15 halaman bercetak
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2
Question
Details
Score
Able to state all the three variables and all the three actions correctly. Sample answer: Name of variable (i) Manipulated variable: Concentration of acid 1.
(a) (ii) Responding variable: pH value
(iii) Controlled variable: Type of acid / Nitric acid
Action to be taken (i) Method to manipulate variable: Use different concentration of acid / dilute the acid (ii) What to observe in the responding variable: pH meter reading
3+3
(iii) Method to maintain constant variable: Use same type of acid
Able to state any two variables and any two actions correctly.
2+2
Able to state any one variable and any one action correctly.
1+1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. (b)
Sample answer: The higher the concentration of nitric acid, the lower the pH value.
3
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable without direction. Sample answer: Concentration of acid affect the pH value.
2
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3
Question
Details
Score
Able to state the idea of hypothesis Sample answer: Acid have pH value
No response or wrong response
1
0
Able to predict the concentration correctly with unit. (c)
Sample answer: 0.000001 moldm-3 / 1.0 X 10-6 mol dm-3
3
Able to predict the concentration correctly without unit. Sample answer: 0.000001 / 1.0 X 10-6
2
Able to predict the concentration in range form. Sample answer: Lower than 0.000001
No response or wrong response
1
0
Able to show how to calculate the volume correctly and answer with unit. Sample answer: (d) M1V1 = M2V2 (0.1) V1 = (0.001) (250) V1 = 0.250 / 0.1 = 2.5 cm3
3
Able to give the volume correctly with unit. Sample answer: 2.5 cm3
2
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4
Question
Details
Score
Able to give the volume correctly without unit. 1
Sample answer: 2.5
0
No response or wrong response
Able to record all readings accurately to two decimal point with unit. Sample answer: (e) First titration Second titration Third titration
Initial burette readings 1.20 cm3 0.55 cm3 3.00 cm3
Final burette readings 25.30 cm3 24.60 cm3 27.20 cm3
3
Able to record all readings correctly. # readings to one decimal point with unit # readings to two decimal point without unit Sample answer:
First titration Second titration Third titration
Initial burette readings 1.2 cm3 0.5 / 0.6 cm3 3.0 cm3
Final burette readings 25.3 cm3 24.6 cm3 27.2 cm3
Or
First titration Second titration Third titration
Initial burette readings 1.20 0.55 3.00
Final burette readings 25.30 24.60 27.20
2
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5
Question
Details
Score
Able to record three to five readings correctly.
1 0
No response or wrong response
Able to construct a table that contains: 1. Correct titles 2. Readings and unit Sample answer: (f)
Titration number Final burette reading / cm3 Initial burette reading / cm3 Volume of nitric acid / cm3
1 25.30 1.20 24.10
2 24.60 0.55 24.05
3 27.20 3.00 24.20
3
Able to construct a less accurate table that contains the following: 1. Titles 2. Readings Sample answer: Titration number Final burette reading Initial burette reading
1 25.30 1.20
Volume of nitric acid
24.10
2 24.60 0.55 / 0.60 24.05
3 27.20 3.00
2
24.20
Able to construct a table with at least one title / reading. Sample answer: Final burette readings Initial burette readings
No response or wrong response
1
0
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6
Question
Details
Score
Able to state the colour change accurately. (g) Sample answer: The colour of phenolphthalein change from pink to colourless.
3
Able to state the the colour change inaccurately. Sample answer: Change to colourless.
2
Able to state an idea about the observation. Sample answer: The colour changes // pink
1
0
No response or wrong response
Able to give the operational definition accurately by stating the following three information. 1. Volume of sulphuric acid added 2. Neutralize sodium hydroxide solution completely 3. Phenolphthalein change from pink to colourless (h)
3 Sample answer: Volume of sulphuric acid added to neutralize the sodium hydroxide solution completely and the colour of phenolphthalein change from pink to colourless. Able to give the operational definition correctly by stating any two of the information above. Sample answer: The end point of neutralization is the volume of sulphuric acid added to neutralize the sodium hydroxide solution completely. 2 Or The end point of neutralization is the volume of sulphuric acid added and the phenolphthalein colour change from pink to colourless.
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7
Question
Details
Score
Able to give the operational definition correctly by stating any one of the information above. Sample answer: volume of sulphuric acid added. Or
1
sodium hydroxide solution being neutralize completely. Or phenolphthalein change from pink to colourless. 0
No response or wrong response
Able to give all two explanations correctly.
(i)
Sample answers: 1. Sulphuric acid is diprotic acid, nitric acid is monoprotic acid, 2. The volume of sulphuric acid is half the volume of nitric acid to produce the same concentration of hydrogen ions.
Able to give any one correct explanations.
3
2
Able to give incomplete explanation. Sample answer: Sulphuric acid is diprotic acid / nitric acid is monoprotic acid
No response or wrong response Able to classify all the three acids correctly.
1
0
Sample answer: (j)
Monoprotic acid Nitric acid Hydrochloric acid
Diprotic acid Sulphuric acid
3
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8
Question
Details
Score
Able to classify any two acids correctly. Sample answer: Monoprotic acid Nitric acid
Diprotic acid Sulphuric acid Hydrochloric acid
2
Diprotic acid Nitric acid
1
Able to classify any one acid correctly. Sample answer: Monoprotic acid Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid
No response or wrong response
0
Able to give the statement of the problem accurately and response is in question form. 2(A)
(a)
Sample answer: What is the difference in electrical conductivity between ionic compound and covalent compound? Able to give the statement of the problem correctly. Sample answer: How does type of compound affect electrical conductivity?
3
2
Able to give an idea of statement of the problem correctly. Sample answer: To investigate the difference in electrical conductivity between ionic compound and covalent compound. No response or wrong response
1
0
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9
Question
Details
Score
Able to state the three variables correctly. Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Ionic compound and covalent compound / lead(II) bromide and sulphur. (b)
Responding variable: Ammeter reading / electrical conductivity
3
Constant variable: mass of lead(II) bromide and mass of sulphur / state of ionic compound and covalent compound. Able to state any two variables correctly Able to state any one variables correctly
No response or wrong response
2 1 0
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable correctly with direction.
(c)
Sample answer: Molten ionic compound can conduct electricity while molten covalent compound cannot conduct electricity. / Molten lead(II) bromide can conduct electricity while molten sulphur cannot conduct electricity.
3
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. Sample answer: Ionic compound can / cannot conduct electricity // Covalent compound cannot / can conduct electricity.
2
Able to state the idea of hypothesis. Sample answer: Different compound have different properties in electrical conductivity. No response or wrong response
1
0
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10
Question
Details
Score
Able to give adequate list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1. Lead(II) bromide 2. Sulphur
(d)
Apparatus 1. Crucible 2. Batteries 3. Ammeter 4. Carbon electrodes 5. Tripod stand 6. Bunsen burner 7. wire gauze 8. connecting wire
3
Able to give a list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1. Lead(II) bromide / any ionic compound 2. Sulphur / any covalent compound Apparatus 1. Any container 2. Batteries 3. Ammeter / bulb / voltmeter 4. Electrodes 5. Bunsen burner 6. connecting wire
2
Able to give an idea of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Material Any ionic or covalent compound Apparatus 1. Ammeter / bulb / voltmeter 2. Electrodes
1
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11
Question
Details
Score 0
No response or wrong response
Able to state the following six steps:
(e)
Sample answer: 1. Fill a crucible with solid lead(II) bromide until it is half full. 2. Connect the circuit. 3. Heat the solid lead(II) bromide until it melts. 4. Observe whether the needle of ammeter deflect or not / observe the ammeter reading. 5. Record the observation. 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 using solid sulphur. Steps 1, 2, 3, and 6
3
2
Step 2 and 3
1 0
No response or wrong response
Able to tabulate the data completely Sample answer: (f)
Type of compound Ionic compound Covalent compound
Observation
2
Able to tabulate the data incompletely Sample answer: Compound
Observation
1
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12
Question
Details No response or wrong response
Score 0
Able to give the statement of the problem accurately and response is in question form. 2(B)
(a)
Sample answer: How do different types of metals in contact with iron affect rusting? Able to give the statement of the problem correctly.
3
2
Sample answer: How do different types of metals affect rusting? Able to give an idea of statement of the problem correctly. Sample answer: Do metal affect rusting// To investigate/study the effect of other metal on the corrosion of iron.
No response or wrong response Able to state the three variables correctly. Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Different metal in contact with iron (b) Responding variable: Rusting of iron // Rate of rusting Controlled variable: Iron nails// medium in which the iron nails are kept // temperature Able to state any two variables correctly Able to state any one variables correctly
No response or wrong response
1
0
3
2 1 0
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13
Question
Details
Score
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable correctly with direction. (c)
Sample answer: When a more/less electropositive metal is in contact with iron, the metal inhibits/speeds up rusting.
3
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. Sample answer: The metal inhibits/speeds up rusting when a more / less electropositive metal is in contact with iron.
2
Able to state the idea of hypothesis. Sample answer: Different types of metals speeds up / inhibits rusting No response or wrong response Able to give adequate list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1 Iron nails 2 Magnesium ribbon, copper strip 3 Hot jelly solution with a little potassium (d) hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein 4 Sand paper Apparatus 1 Test tubes 2 Test tube rack
1
0
3
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14
Question
Details
Score
Able to give a list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1 Iron nails 2 Magnesium/ copper strip 3 Hot jelly solution with a little potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein
2
Apparatus Test tube/beaker/any container Able to give an idea of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Material Any metal
1
Apparatus Test tube/beaker/ any container
No response or wrong response Able to state the following six steps:
(e)
Sample answer: 1 Clean all the three iron nails, magnesium ribbon and copper strip with sand paper 2 Coil two iron nails tightly with magnesium ribbon and copper strip respectively 3 Place all the iron nails in the different test tubes. 4 Pour hot jelly solution containing potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein indicator into the test tubes until completely cover the nails. 5 Keep the test tubes in a test tube rack and leave them aside for a day. 6 Record the observations. Steps 2,3,4 and 6 Step 3
No response or wrong response
0
3
2 1 0
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15
Question (f)
Details
Score
Able to tabulate the data that includes the following information : 1. Correct titles 2. Complete list of iron and the metals in contact with iron. Sample answer : Test tube
Observation // Intensity of blue colouration // presence of pink colouration
2
Fe Fe + Mg Fe + Cu
Able to construct a table with: 1. At least one title 2. Incomplete list of iron and the metals in contact with iron. Sample answer : Test tube/ Observation // Intensity of blue colouration // metal presence of pink colouration Fe only Fe + Mg / Cu
No response or wrong response
END OF MARK SCHEME
1
0
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4541/1 Chemistry Paper 1 September 1 1/4 jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Kertas 1 Satu jam lima belas minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. 2. Jawab semua soalan. 3. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan. 5. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan 6. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan
This question paper consists of 26 printed pages Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 26 halaman bercetak.
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SULIT
4541/1
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of 50 questions. 2. Answer all questions. 3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet. 4. Blacken only one space for each question. 5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blacken the space for the new answer. 6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. 7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. 2. Jawab semua soalan 3. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan. 5. Sekiranya anda hendak menukarkan jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapaan yang baru. 6. Rajah yang mengirimi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. 7. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan Question 1 to Question 50 are followed by four options A, B, C or D. Choose the best option for each question and blackened the corresponding space on the objective answer sheet. Bagi Soalan 1 hingga Soalan 50, tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan yang terbaik bagi tiap-tiap soalan dan hitamkan ruangan yang sepadan pada kertas jawapan objektif anda
4541/1
2
SULIT
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4541/1
1
Which of the following process occurs when iodine is heated? Proses yang manakah berlaku apabila iodin dipanaskan? Melting A Peleburan Sublimation B Pemejalwapan Condensation C Kondensasi Boiling D Pendidihan
2
Which of the following statement provides the best evidence that matter exists as tiny particles moving at random ? Pernyataan yang manakah memberikan bukti yang dapat menunjukkan jirim terdiri daripada zarah halus yang bergerak rawak? Metals can conduct electricity A Logam boleh mengkonduksi arus elektrik A thin layer is formed when oil is dropped onto water B Satu lapisan nipis terbentuk apabila minyak dititiskan di atas permukaaan air The smell of perfume is detected in all parts of the room when the bottle is opened C Bau harum minyak wangi tersebar ke seluruh ruang apabila penutup botol dibuka A small volume of water produces a large volume of steam D Isipadu kecil air dapat menghasilkan isipadu stim yang lebih besar
3
4
Which of the following process will increase the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance ? Proses yang manakah antara berikut akan meningkatkan tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bagi suatu bahan A Condensation Kondensasi B Freezing Pembekuan C Boiling Pendidihan D Crystallization Penghabluran Which of the following substance consists of molecules? Manakah bahan berikut mengandungi molekul? Naphthalene A Naftalena Copper B Kuprum Sodium chloride C Sodium chloride Lead(II) iodide D
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SULIT
4541/1 Plumbum(II) iodida
5
Diagram 1 shows the heating curve for substance P. Rajah 1 menunjukkan lengkung pemanasan bagi bahan P. TemperatureoC Suhu/oC
Z Y X
Time/s Masa/s
Diagram 1 Rajah 1
Which of the following gives the correct states of matter for substance P at X, Y and Z ? Pernyataan manakah benar bagi menunjukkan keadaan rupa bentuk jirim bagi bahan P pada X, Y dan Z ? A B C D 6
X Solid Pepejal Solid Pepejal Solid Pepejal Liquid Cecair
Y Liquid Cecair Solid and liquid Pepejal dan cecair Solid and liquid Pepejal dan cecair Liquid and gas Cecair dan gas
Z Gas Gas Liquid Cecair Solid Pepejal
An atom of element X has 13 protons and 14 neutrons in its nucleus. Which of the following is the electron arrangement of atom X ? Atom bagi unsur X mempunyai 13 proton dan 14 neutron di dalam nukleusnya. Yang mana antara berikut merupakan susunan electron bagi atom X. A 2.3 B 2.4 C 2.8.4 D 2.8.3
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4541/1
Statements below show the contribution of a scientist to the development of the Periodic Table of elements. Pernyataan berikut menunjukkan sumbangan seorang ahli sains dalam perkembangan Jadual Berkala Unsur.
Arranged all the known elements according to the ascending order of their atomic masses
Menyusun semua unsur yang diketahui berdasarkan susunan menaik jisim atom masing-masing
Showed that a periodic pattern existed among the elements using Law of Octaves
Menunjukkan corak berulang di antara unsur menggunakan Hukum Oktaf
Who is the scientist ? Siapakah ahli sains tersebut? A Lothar Meyer B John Newlands C Antoine Lavoisier D John W. Dobereiner 8
Table 1 shows the proton number of five elements. Which elements are in the same group in the Periodic Table? Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi lima unsur.Unsur manakah berada di dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam Jadula Berkala?
Element
R
S
T
U
V
9
11
12
15
17
Unsur
Proton number Nombor proton
Table 1 Jadual 1
A
S and T
B
R and S
C
R and V
D
S and U
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Table 2 shows the electron arrangement of atom R, S, T and U. Jadual 2 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom R, S , T dan U..
Atom
Arrangement of electron
Atom
Susunan elekkton
R S T U
2.4 2.6 2.8.1 2.8.7 Table 2 Jadual 2
Which of the following atoms can form ionic bond? Antara pasangan atom-atom berikut, yang manakah boleh membentuk ikatan ionik?
A B C D 10
T and U R and U S and U R and S
Diagram 2 shows the set-up of the apparatus to determine the empirical formula of a metal oxide. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirik suatu oksida logam.
Metal oxide Oksida logam Hydrogen gas Gas hidrogen
Diagram 2 Rajah 2 Which of the following metal oxide is suitable to be used in the experiment? Antara oksida logam yang berikut, yang manakah sesuai digunakan dalam eksperimen tersebut? A B C D
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Magnesium oxide Magnesium oksida Sodium oxide Natrium oksida Zinc oxide Zink oksida Lead(II) oxide Plumbum(II) oksida
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Diagram 3 shows a set-up of apparatus of a redox reaction. Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk tindakbalas redoks.
Diagram 3 Rajah 3 Which of the following changes in the oxidation numbers of the reactants are true? Manakah antara pernyataan berikut adalah benar?
Iodide ion in Potassium Iodide solution Ion Iodida dalam Larutan kalium iodida
12
Chromium in Acidified Potassium Dichromate (VI) Kromium dalam Larutan kalium dikromat (VI) berasid +6 → +3
A
0
→
-1
B
-1
→
0
+6
→
+3
C
0
→
-1
+3
→
+6
D
-1
→
0
+3
→
+6
Which of the following chemical equation represents a redox reaction ? Yang manakah antara persamaan kimia berikut mewakili tindak balas Redoks? A
HCl + NaOH
B
NaCl + AgNO3
C
Ba(OH)2 + K2SO4
D
H2 + Cl2
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NaCl + H2O AgCl + NaNO3 BaSO4 + 2 KOH 2 HCl
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Which of the following metals can be extracted from their ores by reduction of metal oxides using carbon ? Yang manakah antara logam berikut boleh diekstrak dari bijihnya melalui tindak balas penurunan oksida logam dengan karbon? Iron I Besi Tin II Timah III Aluminium Aluminium Magnesium IV Magnesium A
I and II only
B
II and IV only
C
III and IV only
D
I, II and III only
The rusting of an iron nail in a test tube containing water can be speed up by Pengaratan paku besi dalam tabung uji berisi air dapat dipercepatkan dengan A
coiling it with a more electropositive metal melilit paku itu dengan logam yang lebih elektropositif daripadanya
B
placing the test tube in a refrigerator meletakkan tabung uji itu ke dalam peti sejuk
C
adding sodium chloride into the test tube menambah natrium klorida ke dalam tabung uji
D
pouring a layer of oil on top of the water in the test tube menuang selapisan minyak ke atas air dalam tabung uji itu
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Diagram 4 shows a set-up of apparatus for an electrolysis process Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi suatu proses elektrolisis
Diagram 4 Rajah 4 The bulb in the circuit will light up if Mentol di dalam litar ini akan bernyala jika the carbon electrodes are replaced by metals A karbon elektrod digantikan dengan logam the ethanoic acid is replaced by hydrochloric acid B asid etanoik digantikan dengan asid hidroklorik xylene is replaced by water C xylene digantikan dengan air hydrogen bromide in xylene is heated during the electrolysis process D hidrogen bromida dalam xylene dipanaskan semasa proses elektrolisis ini 16
Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide present in 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution. Hitung jisim natrium hidroksida yang hadir dalam 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 larutan natrium hidroksida. [Relative atomic mass: H,1; O,16; Na,23] A B C D
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0.4 g 0.5 g 1.0 g 2.0 g
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Table 3 shows the result of an experiment to construct the electrochemical series by displacement of metals from their salt solutions by a more elektropositive metal. Jadual 3 menunjukkan keputusan bagi suatu eksperimen untuk membina Siri Elektrokimia melalui tindak balas penyesaran logam daripada larutan garamnya oleh logam yang lebih elektropositif. P(NO3)2
Solution Larutan
Q(NO3)2
R(NO3)2
Metal
Logam P
√
-
√
Q
X
R
X
√ √
X
displacement reaction occurs penyesaran berlaku
X
-
no displacement reaction penyesaran tidak berlaku
Table 3 Jadual 3 Which of the following metals could be X, Y and Z ? Yang manakah antara logam-logam berikut mungkin X,Y dan Z ? P
Q
R
A
Mg
Ag
Sn
B
Mg
Zn
Cu
C
Ag
Sn
Mg
D
Zn
Cu
Mg
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Diagram 5 shows the set-up of apparatus for the electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride solution using carbon as electrodes. Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida cair menggunakan karbon sebagai elektrod.
Diagram 5 Rajah 5 Which of the following statement is true for the electrolysis process ? Yang manakah antara pernyataan –pernyataan berikut adalah benar bagi proses elektrolisis ini? The ions present in the electrolyte are sodium ions and chloride ions A Ion-ion yang hadir dalam eletrolit ialah ion natrium dan ion klorida Hydrogen gas is produced at the anode B Gas hidrogen dihasilkan di anod The factor that affects the product formed at the cathode is the concentration of C electrolyte. Faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil yang dibentuk di katod ialah kepekatan elektrolit When the gas collected at the cathode is tested with burning splinter, a ‘pop’ sound is D produced. Apabila gas yang dikumpulkan di katod diuji dengan kayu uji bernyala, bunyi ‘pop’ dihasilkan 19
M oxides can react with carbon to form metal M and carbon dioxide gas.The reactivity of the reaction is most reactive when the oxide of metal M is Oksida logam M boleh bertindak balas dengan karbon untuk menghasilkan logam M dan gas karbon dioksida. Kereaktifan tindak balas ini paling cergas apabila oksida logam M ialah A B C D
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Tin oxide Timah oksida Iron oxide besi oksida Copper (II) oxide Kuprum(II) oksida Magnesium oxide Magnesium oksida
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The chemical equation below represents the displacement reaction of Iodine from its halide solution using bromine. Persamaan kimia di bawah mewakili tindak balas penyesaran Iodin daripada larutan halidanya oleh bromin. 2 KI + Br2
I2 + 2KBr
Which of the following statements are true for the reaction ? Yang manakah di antara pernyataan –pernyataan berikut adalah benar bagi tindak balas ini? Bromine is reduced to bromide ion I Bromin diturunkan kepada ion bromida Bromine acts as the oxidising agent II Bromin bertindak sebagai agen pengoksidaan III The oxidation number of bromine changes from 0 to -2 Nombor pengoksidaan bromin bertukar dari ) ke -2 Iodide ions release electron in the reaction to form Iodine IV Ion iodida melepaskan elektron dalam tindak balas untuk menghasilkan Iodin
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A
I and II only
B
III and IV only
C
I, II and IV only
D
I, II , III and IV
Which of the substance below can be used to neutralize the insect sting which is alkaline? Bahan yang manakah antara berikut paling sesuai digunakan untuk meneutralkan sengatan serangga yang bersifat alkali? Carbon A Karbon Vinegar B Cuka Common salt C Garam Sodium bicarbonate D Natrium bikarbonat
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Diagram 6 shows a set-up of the apparatus of a chemical cell . Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi suatu sel kimia.
Diagram 6 Rajah 6 The following statements are true for the reaction in this chemical cell except Pernyataan-pernyataan berikut adalah benar untuk tindak balas yang berlaku di dalam sel kimia ini kecuali A B C D
magnesium electrode increases in size saiz elektrod magnesium bertambah the intensity of the blue colour of copper (II) sulphate solution decreases keamatan warna biru larutan kuprum (II) sulfat berkurangan Copper acts as the positive terminal in the chemical cell Kuprum bertindak sebagai terminal positive dalam sel kimia ini The flow of electron is from magnesium electrode to copper electrode in the external circuit. Pengaliran eletron adalah dari elektrod magnesium ke elektrod kupprum dalam litar luar
23 Which of the following acid is a weak acid? Antara asid berikut, yang manakah merupakan asid lemah? A Hydrochloric acid Asid hidroklorik B Ethanoic acid Asid etanoik C Nitric acid Asid nitrik D Sulphuric acid Sulfurik asid
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24 Diagram 7 shows the flow of ammonia gas into distilled water which contains a few drops of phenolphthalein. Rajah 7 menunjukkan gas ammonia yang dialirkan ke dalam air suling yang mengandungi beberapa titik fenolftalein. NH3
Diagram 7 Rajah 7 distilled water
+ phenolphthalein
Which of the following is the correct observation of the solution? Yang mana antara berikut menunjukkan pemerhatian yang betul bagi larutan tersebut? A The solution remains colourless. Larutan itu kekal menjadi tidak berwarna B Red solution turns purple. Larutan merah mejadi ungu C Green solution turns to red. Larutan hijau menjadi merah. D The colourless solution turns pink. Larutan tanpa warna menjadi merah jambu. 25 A precipitate is formed when hydrochloric acid is added to solution X. Which of the following solution is most probably solution X? Mendakan terbentuk apabila asid hidroklorik ditambah kepada larutan X. Antara larutan berikut, yang manakah mungkin larutan X? A Zinc nitrate Zink nitrat B Silver nitrate Argentum nitrat C Calcium nitrate Kalsium nitrat D Magnesium nitrate Magnesium nitrat 26 A beaker contains 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution. Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride in the beaker. Sebuah bikar mengandungi 100 cm3 larutan natrium klorida 0.5 mol dm-3. Hitung bilangan mol bagi natrium klorida dalam bikar. A 0.05 B 0.50 C 5.00 D 50.0
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27 Table 4 shows the volume and the type of acid in four different beakers. Jadual 4 berikut menunjukkan isipadu dan jenis asid yang diisi ke dalam empat bikar yang berasingan. Beaker A 25cm3 1 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid. 25 cm3 1 moldm-3 asid hidroklorik
Beaker B 25 cm3 1moldm-3 sulphuric acid. 25 cm3 1 mol dm3 asid sulfurik,
Beaker C 25 cm3 1 moldm-3 ethanoic acid. 25 cm3 1 moldm-3 asid etanoik
Beaker D 25 cm3 1 moldm-3 nitric acid. 25 cm3 1 moldm-3 asid nitrik
Table 4 Jadual 4 Which of the acid has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions? Larutan asid yang manakah mengandungi kepekatan ion hidrogen yang paling tinggi? A B C D
Beaker A Beaker B Beaker C Beaker D
28 200 cm3 of 0.5 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid was prepared from a standard solution 2 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid. Calculate the volume of the standard solution of 2 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid needed to be diluted with water. 200 cm3 0.5 moldm-3 larutan asid hidroklorik disediakan daripada larutan piawai asid hidroklorik berkepekatan 2 moldm-3. Hitung isipadu larutan piawai yang diperlukan untuk pencairan tersebut. A B C D
50 cm3 75 cm3 100 cm3 150 cm3
29 Which of the following pairs of compounds are in the same homologous series? Manakah antara pasangan sebatian berikut berada dalam siri homolog yang sama?
A B C D
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Compound 1 Sebatian 1 C2H4 C2H6 C2H5OH C2H5OH
Compound 2 Sebatian 2 C4H10 C6H6 CH3CH2CH2OH C2H5COOH
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30 Diagram 8 shows the observation for the comformation test for nitrate ion. Rajah 8 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi ujian pengesahan ion nitrat.
Brown ring Cincin perang Diagram 8 Rajah 8 Which of the solutions are used to produce the brown ring? Larutan yang manakah boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan cincin perang tersebut? I II III IV A B C D
Dilute sulphuric acid Larutan asid sulfurik cair Iron(II) sulphate solution Larutan ferum(II) sulfat Nitric acid solution Larutan asid nitrik Concentrated sulphuric acid Larutan asid sulfurik pekat I dan III only I, II dan III only II dan IV only I, II dan IV only
31 The equation below shows the reaction between copper(II) oxide and dilute nitic acid. Persamaan dibawah menunjukkan tindakbalas di antara kuprum(II) oksida dan asid nitrik cair. CuO + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + H2O Calculate the mass of copper(II) nitrate salt formed when 3.2g of copper(II) oxide powder reacts with excess dilute nitric acid. Hitung jisim garam kuprum(II) nitrat yang akan terbentuk apabila 3.2 g serbuk kuprum(II) oksida bertindakbalas dengan asid nitric cair berlebihan. [relative atomic mass : Cu = 64 ; O = 16 ; N=14 ] A 3.76 g B 4.90 g C 5.04 g D 7.52 g
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Vanadium(V) oxide is a catalyst that is used in Vanadium(V) oksida ialah mangkin yang digunakan dalam A B C D
Haber process Proses Haber Contact Process Proses Sentuh Oswald Process Proses Oswald Hydrogenation process Proses penghidrogenan
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All the following medicines relieve pain except Semua ubat berikut mengurangkan kesakitan kecuali aspirin A aspirin codeine B kodeina paracetamol C parasetamol streptomycin D streptomisin
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Choose the statements that are true about detergent Pilih pernyataan yang benar mengenai detergen I II III IV
Detergent is non-biodegradable Detergen tidak terbiodegradasi Detergent is still effective in hard water Detergen masih berkesan dalam air liat Detergent clean better compared to soap Detergen membersih lebih baik berbanding sabun Detergent can be custom-made for a specific cleaning task. Detergen boleh dihasilkan untuk tujuan pembersihan tertentu
A
I and II only
B
III and IV only
C
II, III and IV only
D
I, II, III and IV
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The following word equation shows the preparation of soaps. Persamaan perkataan berikut menunjukkan proses penyediaan sabun. Fats + sodium hydroxide → glycerol + soaps Lemak + natrium hidroksida → gliserol + sabun What is the name of the process shown by the above equation? Apakah nama proses yang ditunjukkan dalam persamaan di atas? A B C D
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Saponification Saponifikasi Dehydration Pendehidratan Neutralization Peneutralan Fermentation Penapaian
When 25 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution is added into 25 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution, the temperature of the mixture rises by 3oC. What is the quantity of heat released in this experiment? Apabila 25 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 larutan argentum nitrat ditambah ke 25 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 larutan natrium klorida, suhu campuran tersebut meningkat sebanyak 3oC. Apakah kuantiti haba yang dibebaskan di dalam eksperimen ini. (Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1) (Muatan haba tentu air = 4.2J g -1 o C -1 ) A B C D
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25 x 4.2 x 0.25 x 3.0 J 50 x 4.2 x 3.0 J 50 x 4.2 x 0.25 x 3.0 J 25 x 4.2 x 3.0 J
The time taken for the reaction between lumps of marble with sulphuric acid can be shorten by Masa yang diambil untuk tindak balas antara ketulan marmar dengan asid sulfurik boleh dipendekkan dengan adding distilled water A menambahkan air suling adding concentrated of sulphuric acid B menambahkan asid sulfurik pekat Using the bigger size of marbles C menggunakan saiz marmar yang lebih besar keeping the mixture of the reaction in refrigerator D meletakkan campuran tindak balas di dalam peti sejuk
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The thermochemical equation represents the precipitation of lead(II) sulphate : Persamaan termokimia mewakili tindak balas bagi pemendakan plumbum(II) sulfat: Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) PbSO4(s)
ΔH = – 42 kJ mol-1
Which energy level diagram is correct ? Gambar rajah aras tenaga manakah yang betul ? A Energy Tenaga
PbSO4(s) 2-
2+
ΔH = – 42 kJ mol-1
Pb (aq) + SO4 (aq)
B Energy Tenaga
PbSO4(s) Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
ΔH = + 42 kJ mol-1
C Energy Tenaga
Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) ΔH = + 42 kJ mol-1 PbSO4(s)
D Energy Tenaga
Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) ΔH = – 42 kJ mol-1 PbSO4(s)
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The thermochemical equation for displacement of copper by zinc is given below. Persamaan termokimia bagi penyesaran kuprum oleh zink diberikan seperti dibawah. Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
ΔH = – 210 kJ mol-1
What is the mass of copper, Cu formed when 84 kJ of heat is released? [Relative atomic mass: Cu = 64] Berapakah jisim kuprum, Cu yang terbentuk apabila 84 kJ haba dibebaskan? [Jisim atom relatif: Cu = 64] A B C D 40
Which acid produces the highest rate of reaction when reacts with 2 g of magnesium? Asid manakah menghasilkan kadar tindak balas yang paling tinggi apabila bertindak balas dengan 2 g magnesium ? A B C D
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3.3 g 25.6 g 160.0 g 0.4 g
100 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 nitric acid 100 cm3 asid nitrik 0.1 mol dm-3 100 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid 100 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm-3 100cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid 100 cm3 asid etanoik 0.1 mol dm-3 100 cm3 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid 100cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3
The following information shows the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction. Kenyataan berikut menunjukkan kesan kepekatan terhadap kadar tindak balas. When the concentration of sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution increases, the time taken for the mark ‘X’ to disappear from sight becomes shorter. Which of the following statement best concludes about the information above? Manakah antara yang berikut merupakan kesimpulan terbaik tentang kenyataan di atas? A The concentration is directly proportional to the time taken Kepekatan berkadar terus dengan masa B The rate of reaction is directly proportional to the time taken Kadar tindak balas berkadar terus dengan masa C The rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration Kadar tindak balas berkadar terus dengan kepekatan D The rate of reaction is inversely proportional to the concentration
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Kadar tindak balas berkadar songsang dengan kepekatan The molecular formula of an organic compound is C4H10. Formula molekul sebatian organik adalah C4H10. Which of the following is the isomer for the above molecular formula? Antara yang berikut, yang manakah isomer bagi formula molekul di atas? A
CH2= CH-CH2-CH3
B
CH3-CH=CH-CH3
C
CH3-CH- CH3 CH3
D CH3-CH2- CH2 CH3 43
Photochromic glass darkens on exposure to sunlight. The salt used to make photochromic glass is Kaca fotokromik menjadi gelap apabila didedahkan kepada cahaya matahari. Garam yang digunakan untuk membuat kaca fotokromik ialah Silver chloride A Argentum klorida Iron(II) sulphate B Ferum (II) sulfat Lead(II) nitrate C plumbum(II) nitrat Copper(II) sulphate D Kuprum(II) sulfat
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Which of the following pairs of compounds are in the same homologous series? Manakah antara pasangan sebatian berikut berada dalam siri homolog yang sama?
A B C D
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Compound 1 Sebatian 1 C2H4 C2H6 C2H5OH C2H5OH
Compound 2 Sebatian 2 C4H10 C6H6 CH3CH2CH2OH C2H5COOH
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Diagram 9 shows the graph of total volume of carbon dioxide against time for the reaction of calcium carbonate with dilute acid for experiment P and experiment Q. Rajah 9 menunjukkan graf bagi jumlah isipadu karbon dioksida melawan masa bagi tindak balas kalsium karbonat dengan asid cair bagi eksperimen P dan eksperimen Q. cm3
Diagram 9 Rajah 9 Which of the following explains the differences between both curves from the experiments? Antara berikut, yang manakah menerangkan perbezaan antara dua lengkungan bagi eksperimen tersebut? I
II III
IV
A B C D
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The mixture of the reaction in experiment P is being heated compared to experiment Q Campuran tindak balas dalam eksperimen P dipanaskan berbanding eksperimen Q Catalyst is used in experiment P but not in experiment Q Mangkin digunakan dalam eksperimen P tetapi tidak dalam eksperimen Q Quantities of calcium carbonate and acid used in experiment P are more than that in experiment Q Kuantiti kalsium karbonat dan asid yang digunakan dalam eksperimen P melebihi daripada eksperimen Q The size of calcium carbonate used in experiment P is smaller than experiment Q Saiz kalsium karbonat yang digunakan dalam eksperimen P lebih kecil daripada eksperimen Q III and IV only I, II and III only I, II and IV only I, II , III and IV
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The following equation represents the reaction between propene and bromine. Persamaan berikut mewakili tindak balas antara propena dan bromin. Propene + Br2 → X Propena + Br2 → X What is the IUPAC name of compound X? Apakah nama IUPAC bagi sebatian X? A B C D
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Tetrabromopropane Tetrabromopropana 1-bromopropane 1-bromopopana 1,1-dibromopropane 1,1-dibromopropana 1,2-dibromopropane 1,2-dibromopropana
Which of the following food additives is an antioxidant? Antara bahan tambah makanan berikut yang manakah adalah pengantioksida? A B C D
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Aspartame Aspartam Monosodium glutamate Mononatrium glutamat Ascorbic acid Asid askorbik Benzoic acid Asid benzoik
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Diagram 10 Rajah 10 Diagram 10 shows the set-up of apparatus to prepare an organic compound in the laboratory. Rajah 10 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyediakan suatu sebatian organik dalam makmal. Which of the following statements are true about the experiment? Manakah antara berikut benar mengenai eksperimen? The water is in from X and is out from Y. I Air masuk melalui X dan keluar melalui Y. II Concentrated sulphuric acid is used as a catalyst. Asid sulfurik pekat digunakan sebagai mangkin. III The distillate collected is an ester Hasil sulingan yang diperolehi adalah dari ester IV The porous pot chips are added to prevent bumping when boiling the mixture. Serpihan pasu berliang dimasukkan untuk mencegah pembuakan ketika pendidihan campuran. A I and II B I and IV C I, II and III D II, III and IV
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Part of the structure of polymer is shown below . Struktur sebahagian daripada suatu polimer ditunjukkan di bawah H CH3 │ │ ~~~~C ─ C ─ │ │ H H
H │ C─ │ H
H H CH3 │ │ │ C ─ C ─ C ~~~~ │ │ │ CH3 H H
Which of the following is the monomer of the polymer? Di antara berikut yang manakah monomer bagi polimer tersebut? A H H H │ │ │ C = C ─ C─ H │ │ H H B H H │ │ C = C ─ H │ H C H H H │ │ │ C = C ─ C─ │ │ H H
H │ C ─H │ H
H H H │ │ │ C = C ─ C─ │ │ H H
H H │ │ C ─C─H │ │ H H
D
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In an experiment, hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 solution decomposes completely to produce oxygen gas. Dalam suatu eksperimen, larutan hidrogen peroksida, H2O2 terurai dengan lengkap menghasilkan oksigen. Diagram 11 shows an energy profile diagram. Ea is the activation energy for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Rajah 11 _menunjukkan suatu gambar rajah profil tenaga. Ea ialah tenaga pengaktifan bagi penguraian hidrogen peroksida Energy Tenaga
q
Ea
p r
s
Reaction path Lintasan tindak balas
Diagram 11 Rajah 11 Which of the following is the activation energy for the dissociation of hydrogen peroxide when manganese(IV) oxide is added? Antara berikut yang manakah tenaga pengaktifan bagi penguraian hidrogen peroksida apabila mangan(IV) oksida ditambahkan? A B C D
p q r s
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT 4541/1
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Nama
4541/2 Chemistry Kertas 2 September
Tingkatan
2 ½ jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010 CHEMISTRY Kertas 2 Dua jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B and Bahagian C. 2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tulis jawapan dalam Bahagian A dalam ruangan yang disediakan.. 3. Jawab satu soalan dalam Bahagian B dan satu soalan dalan Bahagian C. Jawab saoalan dalam Bahagian A dan Bahagian B dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan kimia, rajah, jadual, graf dan kaedah yang bersesuaian untuk menerangkan jawapan anda. 4. Tunjukkan jalan kerja. Ia dapat membantu anda mendapat markah. 5. Rajah dalam soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala. 6. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan. 7. Anda boleh menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak diprogramkan. 8. Serahkan kertas jawapan pada akhir waktu peperiksaan.
Untuk kegunaan pemeriksa Bahagian No. Markah 1 2 3 A 4 5 6 Jumlah 7 B 8 Jumlah 9 C 10 Jumlah Jumlah Markah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 24 halaman bercetak 4541/2
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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.
3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper’ provided by the invigilators. Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada kertas tulis yang disediakan. Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.
6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
8. The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and Section C is 30 minutes. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit.
9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.
10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination. Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.
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Section A Bahagian A [ 60 marks ] [ 60 markah ] Answer all questions in this section Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Diagram 1.1 shows the graph temperature against time when liquid naphthalene is cooled Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa apabila cecair naftalena disejukkan Temperature / 0C Suhu /oC
1
A
T1
B
C
D
T0
Time/s Masa/s Rajah 1.1
`
(a
(b)
State the freezing point of naphthalene. Nyatakan takat beku bagi naftalena
1(a)
………………………………………………………………………………......... [1mark] What is the physical state of naphthalene at: Apakah keadaan fizik bagi naftalena pada
1
1(b)(i)(ii)
(i) AB :………………………………………………………………………….. (ii) CD :………………………………………………………………………… [2marks] 4541/2
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Explain why there is no change in temperature from B to C. Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari B ke C 1(c) ..............................................................................................................................
(d)
2
.............................................................................................................................. [2marks] Draw the arrangement of naphthalene particles at CD Lukiskan susunan zarah naftalena pada CD
1(d) 1
[1mark] (e)
Table 1.2 shows four substances and their respective formulae. Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan empat bahan dan formula kimianya. Substances Bahan Bromine Bromine Iron Besi Naphthalene Naftalena Copper(II) sulphate Kuprum(II) sulfat
Chemical formula Formula kimia Br2 Fe C10H8 CuSO4
Table 1.1 Use information from Table 1.1 to answer the following questions. Gunakan maklumat daripada Jadual 1.1 untuk menjawab soalan berikut (i) State one compound which exist as a molecule. Nyatakan satu sebatian yang wujud dalam bentuk molekul
1(e)(i)
....................................................................................................................... [1mark] (ii) Which substance can conduct electricity in the solid state? Bahan yang manakah dapat mengalirkan arus elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal ? ........................................................................................................................ [1mark] 4541/2
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(iii) What type of particles are present in copper(II) sulphate? Apakah jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum(II) sulfat ?
(f)
1(e)(iii)
........................................................................................................................ [1mark] A few drops of liquid bromine are dropped into a gas jar. The brown bromine vapour spreads to the upper part of the gas jar. Beberapa titik cecair bromin dimasukkan ke dalam balang gas. Warna perang gas bromin memenuhi bahagian atas balang gas tersebut. Name the process that occurs. Namakan proses yang berlaku
1
1(f)
……………………………………………………………………………………… [1mark]
1
Total A1 10
The diagram 2.1 shows the electron arrangements for five atoms of elements found in the Periodic Table. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi lima atom unsur yang terdapat di dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
2
(a)
Diagram 2.1 Rajah 2.1 (i) State the position of element M in the Periodic Table of Elements. Nyatakan kedudukan unsur M di dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
2(a)(i)
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(ii) Which of these elements have the same chemical properties. Yang manakah antara unsur-unsur berikut mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama?
(b)
2(a)(ii) 1
……………………………………………………………………………… [1mark] (i) State one observation when element L reacts with water. Nyatakan satu pemerhatian apabila unsur L bertindak balas dengan air. ………………………………………………………………………………
2(b)(i)
……………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] (ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in (b)(i). Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di (b)(i).
1
2(b)(ii) ………………………………………………………………………………. [2 marks] (c)
(d)
Which of these elements will form amphoteric oxide? Yang manakah antara unsur-unsur tersebut menghasilkan oksida amfoterik? ................................................................................................................................. [1mark] (i) State the type of chemical bond that forms between element K and element N. Nyatakan jenis ikatan kimia yang terbentuk di antara unsur K dan unsur N . ……………………………………………………………………………………. [1mark]
2
2(c) 1
2(d)(i) 1
(ii) Draw the electron arrangement for the compound that forms in (d)(i). Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk di (d)(i).
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(iii) Give one physical property of the compound formed. Berikan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian yang terbentuk itu.
2(d)(iii)
………………………………………………………………………………. [1mark]
1
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Step 1 and step 2 in diagram 3.1 show the steps in preparation of copper (II) carbonate from copper (II) oxide, whereas step 3 shows the thermal decomposition of copper(II) carbonate to copper (II) oxide Langkah 1 dan langkah 2 dalam rajah 3.1 menunjukkan langkah-langkah dalam penyediaan kuprum (II) karbonat daripada kuprum (II) oksida, sementara langkah 3 menunjukkan penguraian secara pemanasan kuprum (II) karbonat kepada kuprum (II) oksida .
3
Step 1 Langkah 1
Copper (II) oxide Kuprum (II) oksida
Salt solution X Larutan garam X
Sulfuric acid Asid sulfurik Step 2 Langkah Step 3 Langkah 3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Solution Y Larutan Y
Copper (II) carbonate Kuprum (II) karbonat
Diagram 3.1 Rajah 3.1 State the colour of copper (II) oxide. Nyatakan warna kuprum (II) oksida..
3(a)
………………………………………………………………………………......... [1mark] Name salt solution X. Namakan larutan garam X ………………………………………………………………………………… [1mark] (i) Suggest solution Y that is required to be added to solution X to produce copper (II) carbonate. Cadangkan larutan Y yang perlu ditambah kepada larutan X untuk menghasilkan kuprum (II) karbonat. …………………………………………………………………………… [1mark]
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Write an ionic equation for the formation of copper (II) carbonate in (c) (i). Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi pembentukan kuprum (II) karbonat in (c)(i).. 3(c)(ii) ………………………………………………………………………………… [1mark]
(d)
In step I, 50 cm3 of 0.2 moldm-3 sulphuric acid reacts with excess copper (II) oxide. 50 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.2 mol dm-3 bertindak balas dengan kuprum (II) oksida yang berlebihan. (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
(ii)
1
3(d)(i)
............................................................................................................................... [1mark] Calculate the mass of salt X produced Hitungkan jisim garam X yang terhasil.
1
[ Given that relative atomic mass Cu=64 , S=32 ,O=16 ] [ Diberi jisim atom relatif Cu=64 , S=32 ,O=16 ]
3(d)(ii) [3 marks] (e)
3
Draw a labelled diagram of the set-up of apparatus to convert copper (II) carbonate to copper (II) oxide. Lukis susunan radas berlabel untuk penukaran kuprum(II) karbonat kepada kuprum (II) oksida .
3(e) 2
[2marks] Total A3 10
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4 The diagram 4.1 below shows the set-up of apparatus for two types of cells. Rajah 4.1 di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua jenis sel.
Cell 1 Sel 1
Cell 2 Sel 2
(a)
Diagram 4.1 Rajah 4.1 Name the type of cells in cell 1 and cell 2. Namakan jenis Sel 1 dan Sel 2. 4(a) Cell 1 : Sel 1 : …………………………….
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Cell 2 : Sel 2 : …………………………….. [ 2 mark]
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State the energy change that takes place in cell 1. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam Sel 1. 4(b) …………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]
(c)
(i)
1
State one observation in the electrolyte you would expect in beaker 2 of cell 1. Nyatakan satu pemerhatian yang dijangkakan di dalam elektrolit dalam bikar 2 Sel 1. ………………………………………………………………………………. 4(c)(i)
(ii)
………………………………………………………………………………. [1mark] Explain your answer in 1(c)(i) . Terangkan jawapan anda di 1(c) (i) . ……………………………………………………………………………
(d)
……………………………………………………………………………. [1mark] Label the negative terminal of cell 1 in the diagram 4.1 Labelkan terminal negatif bagi sel 1 di rajah 4.1 [1mark]
1
4(c)(ii) 1
4(d) 1
(e)
(f)
State all the ions present in the electrolyte in cell 2 . Nyatakan semua ions yang hadir dalam elektrolit di dalam sel 2 .
4(e)
………………………………………………………………………………. ….. [1mark] The circuit in cell 2 is completed and the current is allowed to flow for ten minutes. Litar dalam sel 2 dilengkapkan dan arus elektrik dibenarkan mengalir selama 10 minit. (i)
1
State the observation at the anode of this cell. Nyatakan pemerhatian di anod bagi sel ini. 4(f)(i) …………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………. [1mark]
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Tulis setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di anod. …………………………………………………………………………… [1mark]
(g)
1
Give one similarity between Cell 1 and Cell 2 in terms of their redox reaction. Berikan satu persamaan di antara Sel 1 dan Sel 2 dari segi tindak balas redoksnya. ……………………………………………………………………………………
4(g)
………………………………………………………………………………… [1mark]
1
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5 Diagram 5.1 shows the conversion of organic compounds from one homologous series to another. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan perubahan sebatian organik dari satu siri homolog ke siri homolog yang lain .
II
I Ethane
Ethene
1,2-dibromoethane
III IV Ethanoic acid
Ethanol
V X
Diagram 5.1 Rajah 5.1 4541/2
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Name the reaction that occurs in Conversion I Namakan tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Perubahan I ?
5(a)(i)
…………………..…………..………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(ii)
(b)
1
Name the reagent used in Conversion II. Namakan bahan tindak balas yang digunakan dalam Perubahan II.
5(a)(ii)
………….……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] Write the chemical equation for Conversion II. Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk Perubahan II .
1
5(b)
…….……………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(c)
(d)
Name the catalyst used in Conversion III. Namakan mangkin yang digunakan dalam Perubahan III .
5(c)
.............................…………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] Acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution is used for Conversion IV. Larutan kalium dikromat(VI) berasid digunakan untuk Perubahan IV. (i)
(ii)
(e)
1
1
State the observation for this reaction. Nyatakan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas ini .
5(d)(i)
……………………………………………………………………………..…… [1 mark] Write the chemical equation for Conversion IV. Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk Perubahan IV .
…………………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark] In conversion V, ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid to produce X. Dalam perubahan V, etanol bertindak balas dengan etanoik asid untuk menghasilkan X. (i) Name the reaction in Conversion V Namakan tindak balas dalam Perubahan V.
1
5(d)(ii) 1
5(e)(i)
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State one physical properties of X Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi X.
5(e)(ii)
.…………………………….………………………………………………… [1mark]
(iii)
1
Name and draw the structural formula for X. Nama dan lukiskan formula stuktur bagi X
5(e)(iii) 2
[2 mark]
Total A5 10
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6 Diagram 6.1 shows a flow chart for the industrial manufacture of compound Z from sulphuric acid and ammonia. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan carta aliran bagi pembuatan secara industri bahan Z daripada asidsulfrik dan ammonia. Contact Process Proses Sentuh
Sulphuric acid Asid Sulfurik
Reaction X Tindak balas X
Haber Process Proses Haber
Compound Z Sebatian Z
Ammonia Ammonia Diagram 6.1 Rajah 6.1
(a)
Ammonia is produced in Haber Pocess. Ammonia dihasilkan di dalam Proses Haber. (i) State two reactants that are used in the reaction to manufacture ammonia. Nyatakan dua bahan tindak balas yang digunakan dalam pembuatan ammonia.
6(a)(i) 1
……………………………………………………………………………... [1mark] (ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut. 6(a)(ii) ............................................................................................................................... [2marks] (b)
2
In diagram 6.1, sulphuric acid reacts with aqueous ammonia to form compound Z. Dalam rajah 6.1 , asid sulfurik bertindak balas dengan larutan ammonia membentuk sebatian Z (i) Name reaction X. Namakan tindak balas X 6(b)(i) ................………………………………………………………................. [1 mark]
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(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas X 6(b)(ii) …………………………………………………………………….................... [1 mark] iii) State one of the uses of compound Z in daily life. Nyatakan satu kegunaan sebatian Z dalam kehidupan seharian.
6(b)(iii)
………………………………………………………………………............ [1 mark]
(c)
1
1
Diagram 6.2 shows the structural formula of two cleaning agent Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi dua agen pencuci O // C OPart P
Part Q
Part P
A
Part Q B
Diagram 6.2 Rajah 6.2 (i) State which cleaning agent is a soap. Nyatakan agen pencuci yang manakan sabun 6(c)(i) …………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
1
(ii) Differentiate the cleaning agent molecules based on these aspects : Bezakan molekul agen pencuci tersebut berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut: A
B
Name of part Q Nama bahagian Q Sources Sumber Effectiveness in hard water Keberkesanan dalam air liat
6(c)(ii)
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Section B [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes. 7 Table 7.1 shows the data obtained in an experiment when 5g of small-sized marble chips react with 50 cm 3 1.0 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid. Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan data yang diperolehi daripada satu eksperimen apabila 5g serpihan marmar bertindak balas dengan 50 cm3 1.0 moldm-3 asid hidroklorik
Time/s Burette reading / cm3 Volume of carbon dioxide gas / cm3
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 50.00 42.00 34.90 29.40 25.40 21.90 19.40 17.40 0.00 8.00 15.10 20.60 24.60 28.10 30.60 32.60 Table 7.1 Jadual 7.1
(a) (i)
(ii)
What is meant by rate of reaction in this experiment? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas di dalam eksperimen ini? [1mark] Write the ionic equation for the reaction that takes place. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku. [2marks]
(b) (i)
Plot the graph of volume of carbon dioxide against time on a piece of graph paper. Plotkan graf isipadu gas karbon dioksida melawan masa di atas kertas graf. [4marks]
(ii)
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Based on the graph plotted, calculate the rate of reaction at 60 seconds and 120 seconds. Comment on these values obtained and give explanation for the different rates of reactions. Berdasarkan graf yang diplot, kira kadar tindak balas pada 60 saat dan 120 saat. Komen ke atas nilai-nilai yang didapati dan terangkan mengapa perbezaan kadar tindak balasnya. [7 marks]
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Sketch on the same graph, the curve that would be obtained if large-sized marble chips are used to replace the small-sized marble chips. By using the collision theory, explain the effect of the size of marble chips used on the rate of reaction. Lakarkan pada graf yang sama , lengkung yang akan didapati jika ketulan marmar besar digunakan bagi menggantikan ketulan marmar kecil. Dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran, terangkan kesan saiz ketulan marmar yang digunakan ke atas kadar tindak balas. [6 marks] Table 8.1 shows the atomic radii and melting points of part of group 18 elements. Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan jejari atom dan takat lebur sebahagian unsur18 kumpulan . Physical Properties Sifat Fizik Group 18 Atomic radius/ nm Melting Point / oC Elements Jejari atom / nm Takat Lebur /oC Unsur Kumpulan 18 Helium 0.050 -270 Helium Neon 0.070 -248 Neon Argon 0.094 -189 Argon Krypton 0.109 -156 Krypton
8 (a)
Table 8.1 Jadual 8.1 (i)
(ii)
By referring to the table, describe and explain the trend of change in the physical properties of the Group18 elements as we down the group in the Periodic Table. Dengan merujuk kepada jadual ini, huraikan dan terangkan pola perubahan sifat fizik unsur-unsurKumpulan 18 apabila kita menuruni kumpulan ini dalam Jadual Berkala. [6marks] Give the uses of the Group 18 elements in table 8 in our daily life. Berikan kegunaan unsur-unsur Kumpulanr 18 dalam jadual 8 dalam kehidupan seharian kita. [4marks]
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(b) (i)
Explain why Group 18 gases are monoatomic whereas Group 17 gases are diatomic. Terangkan mengapa gas-gas Kumpulan 18 adalah monoatom manakala gasgas Kumpulan 17 dwiatom. [3marks]
(ii)
Describe briefly the chemical reactivity of group 17 elements as we go down the group in the Periodic Table. Huraikan secara ringkas kereaktifan tindak balas kimia unsur-unsur kumpulan 17 apabila kita menuruni kumpulan ini dalam Jadual Berkala. [4marks]
(iii) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed when chlorine reacts with sodium and name the chemical bond in this compound. [ Proton Number : Na ; 11, Cl ; 17 ] Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk apabila klorin bertindak balas dengan natrium dan namakan ikatan kimia dalam sebatian ini. [ Nombor Proton : Na ;11 , Cl; 17 ] [3marks]
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Section C [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes. 9
(a) Magnesium hydroxide is one of the substances that are added in tooth paste. Write the chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide and state its function in tooth paste. Magnesium hidroksida merupakan salah satu bahan yang terdapat dalam ubat gigi. Tuliskan formula kimia bagi magnesium hidroksida dan nyatakan fungsinya dalam ubat gigi. [ 2 marks] (b) Table 9.1 shows the concentration and pH values for solution P and solution Q. Solution P is a strong acid solution while solution Q is a weak acid solution. Jadual 9.1 menunjukkan kepekatan dan nilai pH bagi larutan P dan larutan Q. Larutan P ialah larutan asid kuat manakala larutan Q ialah larutan asid lemah. Solution Larutan
Concentration / mol dm-3 Kepekatan / mol dm-3
pH value Nilai pH
P
0.1
1.0
Q
0.1
3.0
Table 9.1 Jadual 9.1 (i)
Name an example of a strong acid and a weak acid. Namakan satu contoh asid kuat dan satu contoh asid lemah. [2 marks]
(ii)
Explain why the pH values for these solutions are different. Terangkan mengapa nilai pH bagi kedua-dua larutan ini adalah berbeza. [5 marks]
(c)
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You are required to prepare dry zinc sulphate salt. The chemical substances supplied are zinc nitrate solution dilute sulphuric acid sodium carbonate solution Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare the salt. In your description, include chemical equations involved. [Lihat sebelah
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Anda dikehendaki menyediakan garam zink sulfat yang kering. Bahan-bahan kimia yang diberikan adalah larutan zink nitrat larutan asid sulfurik cair larutan natrium karbonat Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal bagaimana anda boleh menyediakan garam tersebut. Dalam penerangan anda, sertakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat. [11 marks] 10
(a) In an experiment to determine the heat of precipitation of lead (II) carbonate, 50.0 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate solution is reacted with 50.0 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium carbonate solution. Increment of the temperature in the mixture is 10 oC. Dalam satu eksperimen untuk menentukan haba pemendakan bagi plumbum(II) karbonat, 50.0 cm3 larutan plumbum(II) nitrat 2.0 mol dm-3 bertindak balas dengan 50.0 cm3 larutan natrium karbonat 2.0 mol dm-3. Peningkatan suhu campuran ialah 10oC. The equation for the reaction is : Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ialah:
Pb(NO3)2 + Na2CO3
PbCO3 + 2NaNO3
Calculate the value of the heat of precipitation of lead(II) carbonate in this reaction. [Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J g -1 oC-1 ] Hitungkan nilai haba pemendakan bagi plumbum(II) karbonat dalam tindak balas ini. [Muatan haba spesifik bagi air ialah 4.2 J g-1 oC-1] [4 marks ] (b) Table 10.1 shows the molecular formula and heat of combustion of three types of alcohol. Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan formula molekul dan haba pembakaran bagi tiga jenis alcohol. Alcohol Alkohol Methanol Metanol Ethanol Etanol Propan-1-ol Propan-1-ol
Molecular formula Formula Molekul
Heat of combustion/kJ mol -1 Haba pembakaran/kJ mol-1
CH3OH
725
C2H5OH
1 376
C3H7OH
2 015
Table 10.1 Jadual 10.1 4541/2
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(ii)
23
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What is the meaning of the ‘heat of combustion of an alcohol’? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ’haba pembakaran alkohol’ ? [1 mark] Explain why there are differences in the value of heat of combustion of the alcohols in Table 10.1 Terangkan kenapa terdapat perbezaan dalam nilai haba pembakaran bagi alcoholalkohol dalam Jadual 10.1 [3 marks]
(c) Describe an experiment that you can carry out in your school laboratory to determine the heat of combustion of ethanol. Your description should include precautionary steps and the steps involved in the calculation. Huraikan satu eksperimen yang dapat anda jalankan dalam makmal sekolah bagi menentukan haba pembakaran etahol. Huraian anda hendaklah merangkumi langkah berjaga-jaga dan langkah-langkah pengiraan yang berkaitan. [12marks]
END OF QUESTION PAPER SOALAN TAMAT
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Nama 4541/3 Chemistry Kertas 3
Kelas
September 2010 1 1/2 jam PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Kertas 3 Satu jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Tuliskan nama dan tingkatan pada ruang yang disediakan. 2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwi bahasa. 3. Calon hendaklah membaca arahan pada halaman 2 .
Untuk kegunaan pemeriksa sahaja Soalan
Markah Penuh
1
33
2
17
Jumlah
50
Markah diperolehi
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 9 halaman bercetak
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SULIT INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab semua soalan. 2. Write your answer for Question 1 in the spaces provided in the question paper.
Tulis jawapan anda bagi Soalan 1 pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. 3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the writing paper provided by the invigilators. Tulis jawapan anda bagi Soalan 2 pada kertas tulis yang disediakan. 4. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graph and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan , rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda. 5. Show your working, it may help you to get marks. Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah. 6. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru. 7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan. 8. The time suggested to answer each of the questions is 45 minutes. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab setiap soalan ialah 45 minit. 9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram. 10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination. Serahkan kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan
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SULIT Answer all question Jawab semua soalan 1
An experiment is carried out to determine the end point of a neutralisation process. 25.00 cm3 of aqueous potassium hydroxide 0.1 mol dm-3 is titrated using hydrochloric acid with an unknown concentration using phenolphthalein as an indicator. Hydrochloric acid is added until the end point of titration is reached. Table 1 shows the three burette readings for the titration that have been conducted. Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan takat akhir bagi proses peneutralan. 25.00 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3 dititratkan dengan asid hidroklorik yang kepekatannya tidak diketahui dengan menggunakan penunjuk fenolftalein. Asid hidroklorik ditambah sehingga takat akhir pentitratan dicapai. Jadual 1 menunjukkan tiga bacaan buret bagi pentitratan yang telah dijalankan.
Titration Number. Bilangan Titratan
I
II
III
…………..
…………..
…………..
…………..
…………..
…………..
Initial Burette Reading Bacaan Awal Buret
Final Burette Reading Bacaan akhir buret
Table 1 Jadual 1
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SULIT (a) State one observations at the end-point of this experiment. Nyatakan satu pemerhatian pada takat akhir eksperimen ini ……………………...……………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks] (b)
Record all the burette readings in the spaces provided in Table 1. Rekodkan semua bacaan buret pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Jadual 1
[3 marks] (c)
3
Construct a table and record the initial burette reading, final burette reading and volume of hydrochloric acid used for each titration. Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan bacaan awal buret, bacaan akhir buret dan isipadu asid hidrokorik yang digunakan bagi setiap pentitratan.
[3 marks] (d)
3
(i)
Calculate the average volume of hydrochloric acid used in the experiment? Hitungkan isipadu purata asid hidroklorik yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini
[3 marks]
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SULIT (ii)
The chemical equation for the reaction is : Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini ialah: KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O Determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid used. Tentukan kepekatan asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.
[3 marks] (e)
(i)
3
If the hydrochloric acid is replaced by sulphuric acid of the same concentration, predict the volume of sulphuric acid required to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of the potassium hydroxide solution. Jika asid hidroklorik itu di gantikan dengan asid asid sulfurik berpekatan yang sama, ramalkan isipadu asid sulfurik yang diperlukan untuk meneutralkan 25.0 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida itu. ……………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………………....... [3 marks]
(ii)
3
Explain your answer in (e) (i). Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (e) (i) ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ……………………………………………………………………………………... [3 marks]
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SULIT In the next experiment, a student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the concentration of an alkali solution with its pH value. The pH values of three different concentrations of potassium hydroxide are determined using pH meter. Dalam eksperimen lain, seorang pelajar telah menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara kepekatan larutan alkali dengan nilai pH larutan itu. Nilai pH bagi tiga kepekatan yang berbeza larutan kalium hidroksida telah ditentukan menggunakan meter pH. Table 2 shows the pH readings of different concentration of solution in this experiment. Jadual 2 menunjukkan bacaan pH bagi larutan-larutan yang diperolehi dalam eksperimen ini.
0.1
(f)
Concentration (mol dm-3) Kepekatan (mol dm-3) 0.01
0.001
Table 2 Jadual 2 State a hypothesis for this experiment. Nyatakan satu hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini. …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]
(g)
3
State the variables for this experiment. Nyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini. (i) Manipulated variable: Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: (ii)
(iii)
..................................................................................................................... . Responding variable: Pembolehubah bergerak balas: ..................................................................................................................... Constant variable: Pembolehubah dimalarkan: .....................................................................................................................
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SULIT [3 marks] (h)
Predict the pH value of 0.0001 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide. Ramalkan nilai pH bagi larutan kalium hidroksida 0.0001 mol dm-3. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]
(i)
3
Classify the following alkalis into strong alkali and weak alkali. Kelaskan alkali-alkali berikut kepada alkali kuat dan alkali lemah.
Sodium hydroxide solution Larutan natrium hidroksida
Ammonia solution Larutan ammonia
Calcium hydroxide solution Larutan kalsium hidroksida
Potassium hydroxide solution Larutan kalium hiroksida
Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution Larutan natrium hidrogen karbonat
[3 marks]
3
Total 1
3
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SULIT 2
Choose one of the following tasks: Pilih satu daripada tugasan berikut: Task 1 Tugasan1
Diagram 1 Gambarajah 1 Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to compare the electrical conductivity between two types of chemical compound, P and Q. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk membezakan kekonduksian elektrik di antara 2 jenis sebatian kimia, P dan Q. Refering to the situation above, plan a laboratory experiment to differentiate between 2 types of named chemical compound based on electrical conductivity. Merujuk kepada situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk membezakan 2 jenis sebatian kimia yang dinamakan berdasarkan kekonduksian elektrik. Task 2 Tugasan 2
Photograph 1 Photograph 1 shows a tourist ship in the middle of the ocean. The ship body is made of iron. To prevent from rusting the ship body is covered with the more electropositive metal. This metal acts as a sacrificial anode thus the iron is protected. Gambarfoto 1 menunjukkan sebuah kapal pelancongan di tengah lautan. Badan kapal diperbuat daripada besi. Bagi mengelakkan pengaratan, badan kapal dilapisi dengan logam yang lebih elektropositif. Logam ini bertindak sebagai logam korban yang dapat melindungi besi. You are given some iron nails, magnesium ribbon and copper strip. Refering to the situation above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of other metal on the corrosion of iron. Anda diberi paku besi, pita magnesium, dan kepingan kuprum. Merujuk kepada situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji kesan logam lain terhadap pengaratan besi.
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SULIT Your planning should include the following aspects: Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut: (a)
Problem statement Pernyataan masalah
(b)
All the variables Semua pembolehubah
(c)
Hypothesis Hipotesis
(d)
List of materials and apparatus Senarai bahan dan radas
(e)
Procedure Prosedur
(f)
Tabulation of data Penjadualan data [17 marks]
END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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SULIT 4541/1 4541/2 Chemistry Mark Scheme Paper 1 and 2
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY Mark Scheme Paper 1 and Paper 2 SET 2
Skema Pemarkahan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak.
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Answers for Chemistry Paper 1 1
B
2
C
3
C
4
A
5
C
6
D
7
B
8
C
9
A
10
D
11
B
12
D
13
A
14
C
15
C
16
D
17
B
18
D
19
C
20
C
21
B
22
A
23
B
24
D
25
B
26
A
27
B
28
A
29
C
30
D
31
D
32
B
33
D
34
D
35
A
36
B
37
B
38
D
39
B
40
B
41
C
42
C
43
A
44
C
45
C
46
D
47
C
48
D
49
A
50
A
2
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Answers for Chemistry Paper 2 SECTION A 1
(a) (b)(i) (ii) (c)
T1 oC
1
AB : liquid
1
CD : solid
1
1. Heat energy loss to the surrounding
1
2. balanced by heat energy liberated by particles
1
(to attract one another to form solid) (d) 1 1 (e)(i) (ii) (iii)
Naphthalene / bromine Iron Ions
1 1 1
(f)
Diffusion TOTAL 10
3
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2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii)
Group 13, Period 3 J and L Burns with yellow flame // produces ‘hiss’ sound 2L + 2H2O 2 LOH + H2 M Covalent bond [1. correct number of occupied electron shells and correct electrons in each shell for all the atoms, nuclei shown ] [2. four atoms of N combine covalently (sharing a pair of electrons) with one atom of K ]
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
(iii) Low boiling point // insoluble in water// soluble in inorganic solvent// cannot conduct electricity ( any other acceptable physical properties Total
4
1 10
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(a) (b) (c)
(i)
(d)
(ii) (i) (ii)
(e)
Black Copper(II) sulphate Sodium / potassium carbonate or any suitable carbonate salts solution Cu 2+ + CO3 2- → CuCO3 CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O
1 1 1
No of mol acid = 0.2 x 50 // 0.01 mol 1000 No of mol of CuSO4 = 0.01 mol Mass= 0.01 x 160 // 1.6 g Copper(II) carbonate / salt Q
1
1 1
1 1
Functional apparatus Labelled – heat, copper(II) carbonate, limewater
1 1 10 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Total
4
(a) (b) (c)
Cell 1 : Chemical cell // Voltaic Cell Cell 2 : Electrolytic Cell Chemical energy to Electrical Energy The intensity of blue colour of electrolyte decreases The concentration of Cu2+ ions decreases in the electrolyte Magnesium electrode Cu2+, SO42-, H+, OHColourless gas bubbles released 4 OHO2 + 2H2O In both cells, oxidation occurs at the anode // reduction occurs at the cathode // electrons flow from anode to cathode Total
(d) (e) (f)
(i) (ii) (i) (ii)
(g)
5
(a)
(i) (ii)
(b) (c)
10
Hydrogenation Bromine C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2 Concentrated phosphoric acid
1 1 1 1 5
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(d) (e)
(i) (ii) (i) (ii) (iii)
Colour change from orange to green C2H5OH + 2[O] → CH3COOH + H2O Esterification Pleasant / fruity smell Ethyl ethanoate
1 1 1 1 1 1
6
(a)
Total
10
(i)
Hydrogen and nitrogen
1
(ii)
3H2 + N2 2NH3
1+1
[ 1. correct reactants and products 2. balanced equation ]
(b)
(i)
Neutralization
1
(ii)
H2SO4+ 2NH3 (NH4)2SO4
1
//H2SO4+ 2NH4OH (NH4)2SO4 + H2O (c)
(iii) Fertilizer
1
(i)
1
(ii)
B Name of part Q
A Sulphonate
B Carboxylate
Sources
petroleum
Oil // Fat
Effectiveness in hard water
Effective
Not effective
1 1 1 TOTAL
10
6
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SECTION B 7
(a)
(i)
Change of volume of carbon dioxide per unit time
(ii)
CO32- + 2H+
(i)
(ii)
(c)
1
1 1
2
CO2 + H2O
[ 1. correct reactants and products 2. balanced equation ] (b)
1
1. Axis labelled and with units 1 2. Scales appropriate (size: min ¾ of graph paper) and 1 consistent 3. Points correctly plotted 1 4 4. Smooth curve graph drawn 1 1. Tangents of curves drawn at 60s and 120 s 1 2. calculation of rate of reaction at 60s ; 120s 1+1 3. correct values and units for rates of reactions at 60s ; 120s 1+1 4. rate of reaction at 60s is higher than at 120s 1 5. concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases with time 1 7 Volume of gas / cm3
Small marble chips
Large marble chips Time / s
8
(a)
(i)
[1. curve with less steep slope drawn on the same graph and labelled [2. the final part of the slope is still increasing ( no plateau)] 3. small size marble chips have larger total surface area over volume exposed for collisions 4. frequency of collisions between carbonate ions and hydrogen ions is higher 5. frequency of effective collisions increases 6. The rate of reaction will increase
1. Atomic radius increases as 2. more number of shells is needed to fill the increasing
1 1 1 1 1 1 6 Total 20 1 1
7
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(b)
(ii)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)
number of electrons present in the atoms 3. Melting points increases down the group 4. atomic size increases down the group, 5. attraction forces between atoms become stronger 6. more heat is needed to overcome this stronger force of attraction 1. Helium - gas used to fill airships / weather // fill up the diver’s oxygen tank // to cool metals to make superconductors 2. Neon - used in advertising lights / television tubes 3. Argon - used o fill up light bulbs // provide inert atmosphere for welding at high temperature 4. Krypton - used in lasers to repair retina of the eye // used to fill up photographic flash lamps. 1. The valence electrons in the group 18 atoms are stable / (duplet and octet) while in group 17 , the atoms have 7 valence electrons. 2. In order to achieve stable electron arrangement, each atom of Group 17 elements need to share its valence electron with another atom. 3. For group 18 elements, the atoms need not have to share their valence electrons. 1. The reactivity decreases 2. In chemical reaction, halogen atoms need to gain one electron (into their outermost shell.) 3. The atomic size of halogens increases down the group// the outermost occupied shell of each atom becomes further from nucleus 4. The strength of nucleus to attract electron becomes weaker 1. Ionic bond 2. [- correct number of occupied electron shells, correct electrons in each shell and nuclei shown for both ions ] -one sodium ion combine with one chloride ion, correct charges of ions written]
1 1 1 1
6
1 1 1 1
4
1 1 1
3
1 1 1 1
4
1 1 1
3
Total 20
8
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SECTION C 9
(a) (b)
(c)
10
(a)
Mg(OH)2 To neutralise the acid produced by bacteria (i) Sulphuric / hydrochloric / nitric acid Ethanoic acid or any suitable weak acid (ii) 1. Strong acid ionises completely in water 2. to produce high concentration of hydrogen ions 3. Weak acid ionises partially in water 4. to produce low concentration of hydrogen ions 5. The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, the lower the pH value // The lower the concentration of hydrogen ions, the higher the ph value
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1. Pour [20-100]cm3 of zinc nitrate solution [0.1-1.0]mol dm-3 into a beaker 2. Add [20-100]cm3 of sodium carbonate solution [0.1-1.0]mol dm-3 3. Stir and filter the mixture to get the precipitate/residue 4. Pour [20-100]cm3 dilute / [0.1-1.0]mol dm-3 sulphuric acid into a beaker 5. Add the residue/precipitate into the acid until in excess 6. Stir and filter the mixture 7. Heat the filtrate until saturated solution obtained / 1/3 of original volume 8. Cool the saturated solution 9. Filter and dry the crystal 10. Zn(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 ZnCO3 + 2NaNO3 11. ZnCO3 + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O + CO2 Total
1
Number of mole of lead(II) nitrate
2 2
5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
11 20
50 x 2 = 1000 = 0.1 mol
or Number of mole of sodium carbonate
50 x 2 = 1000 = 0.1 mol
1
Ratio of mole :
9
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1 mol Pb(NO3)2 / Na2CO3 → 1 mol PbCO3 0.1 mol Pb(NO3)2 / Na2CO3 → 0.1 mol PbCO3
1
Energy change/heat given off = (50+50) × 4.2 × 10 = 4200 J
1
Heat of precipitation of PbCO3
4200 = 0 .1
= 42000 J mol-1 / 42 kJ mol-1 (b) (i) (ii)
(c)
1…4
The heat given off when one mole of an alcohol is burnt completely in an excess of oxygen. As the number of carbon atom increase, the value of heat combustion increase. The greater the number of carbon atoms, the more products will be obtained. More heat is released for the formation of bonds
1 1 1 1…3
Procedure : 1. Measure [100 -250] cm3 of water and pour it into the copper container /aluminium can 2. Measure and record the initial temperature of the water. 3. Fill the small lamp with alcohol* then weigh it and record the initial mass. 4. Light the wick of the lamp. 5. Place the lamp as near as possible to the copper container.// [ Diagram : Using wooden block ] 6. [The apparatus is protected by a wind shield] // [Diagram] 7. Stir the water continuously. 8. Put out / blown out the flame when the temperature rises [ 10 – 30 ] oC and record the highest temperature of the water. 9. Weigh the lamp as quickly as possible and record the final mass. Result : Initial temperature of the water/ oC Highest temperature of the water/ oC
= T2
Temperature rise of the water/ oC Initial mass of lamp + ethanol / g Final mass of lamp + ethanol / g Mass of ethanol that was burnt / g
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= T1 = T2 – T1
= m2
1 1
1
= m1 = m1 – m2
Calculation :
10
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Energy chage/heat given off = 200 × 4.2 × (T2 – T1) Number of mole of alcohol
=
1
m1 – m2
1
Mr of ethanol
Heat of combustion of alcohol*, ΔH =
=
Energy Number of mole of l h l 200 × 4.2 × (T2 – T1)
1
m1 – m2 Mr of ethanol
13…12 TOTAL
SKEMA PEMARKAHAN TAMAT
11
20
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4541/3 Chemistry 3 September 2010
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA DENGAN KERJASAMA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA ____________________________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2010
CHEMISTRY 3
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
SET 2
Skema Pemarkahan ini mengandungi 14 halaman bercetak
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2
Question No. 1
(a)
Details
Score
Able to state the observation before and after the end-point correctly 3 Sample answer The colour of the solution changes from pink to colourless [Able to state an observation ] 2 Sample answer The solution turns colourless Able to give an idea of observation 1 Sample answer The solution change colour
(b)
No response or wrong response
0
Able to record all the volumes accurately to two decimal
3
places with unit Initial burette readings: 0.50 cm3, 5.00 cm3, 0.00 cm3 Final burette readings : 24.50 cm3, 30.00 cm3, 26.00 cm3
Able to record all the volumes correctly to one decimal place
2
wihout unit.
Initial burette readings: 0.5, 5.0, 0.0 Final burette readings : 24.5, 30.0, 26.0
Able to write at least four readings of the volumes accurately.
1
No response or wrong response
0
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3
Question No. (c)
Details
Score
Able to construct a table correctly containing : (i) three labelled columns with units. (ii) record all the burette readings. (iii) volume of acids used accurately. Sample answer Titration No. Initial burette reading/cm3 Final burette reading/cm3 Volume of acid used/cm3
I 0.50
II 5.00
II 0.00
24.50
30.00
26.00
24.00
25.00
26.00
3
Able to construct a table correctly containing: (i) (ii) (iii)
(d)
three labelled columns without units record all the burette readings volume of acids used
2
Able to construct a table with at least three labels and four correct readings
1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to calculate the average volume of acid used correctly and with unit. Sample answer: Volume of acid used = 24.00 + 25.00 + 26.00 3 = 25.00 cm3
3
(i) Able to calculate the average volume of acid correctly without unit.
2
Able to show the calculation of average volume of acid used but incorrect answer
1
No response or wrong response
0
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4
Question No
Details
Score
Able to calculate the concentration of potassium hydroxide with units correctly Sample answer: HCl + KOH 1 mol 1 mol
KCl +
H2 O
.........................1
(ii)
3 MaVa = MbVb 0.1 x 25.00 = Mb x 25.00
......................... 1
Mb = 0.1 mol dm-3
...........................1
Able to calculate the concentration of potassium hydroxide correctly without unit Sample answer: Mb = 0.1 x 25.0 25.0
2
= 0.1 Able to show the calculation or the concentration of potassium hydroxide without unit Sample answer: No of mole
= 0.1 x 25.0 // 0.1 25.0
No response or wrong response
(e)
1
0
Able to predict the volume of sulphuric acid accurately to 2 decimal places with unit
3
Answer: (i)
12.50 cm3
Able to predict the volume of sulphuric acid accurately without unit Answer: 12.50
2
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5 Question No
Details
Score
Able to predict the volume of sulphuric acid without units Answer: 12.5 No response or wrong response
(e)
1 0
Able to state all the three following informations correctly Sample answer:
(ii)
1 Hydrochloric acid is a monoprotic acid 2 Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid 3 The concentration of H+ ions in sulphuric acid is twice than the concentration of H+ ions in hydrochloric acid
3
Able to state any two points correctly 2
(f)
Able to state at least one point correctly
1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to state the hypothesis accurately with direction Sample answer: The higher/ the lower the concentration of OH- ions, the higher / lower the pH value.
3
Able to state the hypothesis without direction Sample answer:
2
The pH value depends on the concentration of alkali / the higher the concentration of potassium hydroxide the lower the pH value
Able to give an idea of the hypothesis of the experiment Sample answer:
1
Different concentration affects pH value No response or wrong response
0
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6
Question (g)
Details Able to state all the three variables correctly Answer: Manipulated variables:
Score
Concentration of potassium hydroxide solution
Responding variables :
pH value
Controlled variables:
Type of alkali
3
[Able to state any two variables correctly] 2 [Able to state at least one variable correctly] 1 0
No response or wrong response
(h)
Able to predict the pH value correctly Answer:
3
pH value = 10.0
Able to predict the pH range correctly 2
Sample answer: Lower than 11.0 Able to give an idea about the pH value Sample answer: The pH value change No response or wrong response
(i)
1 0
Able to classify all the five alkalis into strong alkalis and weak alkalis correctly Sample answer: Strong Alkali Sodium hydroxide solution Calcium hydroxide solution Potassium hydroxide solution
Weak Alkali Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution Ammonia solution
3
Able to classify the four alkalis into strong alkali and weak alkalis correctly
2
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7 Question No
Details
Score
Able to classify the three of alkalis into strong alkalis and 1
weak alkalis correctly
[No response or wrong response]
Task1 Question No
Details Score Able to give the problem statement accurately and in question form.
2
(a)
0
3
Sample answer: What is the differences in electrical conductivity between ionic compound and covalent compound? Able to give the statement of the problem correctly. 2 Sample answer: How do different types of chemical compounds affect the electrical conductivity? Able to give an idea of statement of the problem correctly. Sample answer: To compare/investigate/study the electrical conductivity between different type of chemical compound
1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to state all the three variables correctly.
(b)
Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Type of chemical compound Responding variable : Electrical conductivity / the light of the bulb Controlled variable : Mass of the substance
3
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8 Able to state any two variables correctly Able to state at least one variable correctly
No response or wrong response
2 1 0
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable correctly. (c)
Sample answer: Ionic / covalent compound conduct electricity, covalent compound / ionic does not conduct electricity
3
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable . Sample answer: Covalent / ionic compound conduct / does not conduct electricity
2
Able to state the idea of the hypothesis. Sample answer: Different compound gives different conductivity No response or wrong response
1
0
Able to give adequate list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1 Any ionic compound 2 Any covalent compound
(d)
Apparatus 1 Crucible 2 Batteries 3 Bulb 4 Switch 5 Carbon electrodes 6 Tripod stand 7 Bunsen Burner 8 Pipe-clay triangle 9 Crocodile wire
3
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9 Able to give a list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1 Any ionic compound 2 Any covalent compound 2 Apparatus 1 Any container 2 Batteries 3 Bulb/voltmeter/ammeter 4 Electrodes 5 Bunsen Burner 6 Crocodile wire Able to give an idea of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Material Any ionic/covalent compound
1
Apparatus 1 Ammeter/bulb/voltmeter 2 Electrodes
No response or wrong response
0
Able to state the following seven steps:
(e)
Sample answer: 1 Fill a crucible with a solid lead(II)bromide, PbBr2 until it is half full. 2 Dip into the solid lead(II)bromide, PbBr2 with carbon electrodes. 3 Connect the electrodes with bulb. 4 Heat the solid lead(II)bromide until it melts. 5 Turn on the switch. 6 Record the observation. 7 Repeat steps 1 to 6 / the experiment using naphthalene, C10H8
3
Able to state at least the following steps: Sample answer: Steps 4 and 6
2
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10 Able to state at least the following steps:
(f)
Sample answer: Step 4
1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to tabulate the data that includes the following information: 1. Correct titles 2. Complete list of chemical compound Sample answer :
3
Chemical compound Lead(II)bromide Naphthalene
Observation
Able to construct a table with: 1. At least one title 2. Incomplete list of chemical compound Sample answer : Observation
2
lead(II)bromide/ Naphthalene
Able to construct a table with: 1. Heading for observation Sample answer : Observation
No response or wrong response
1
0
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11
Task 2 Question No
Details
Score
Able to give the statement of the problem accurately and response is in question form. 2
(a)
Sample answer: How do different types of metals in contact with iron affect rusting?
Able to give the statement of the problem correctly.
3
2
Sample answer: How do different types of metals affect rusting? Able to give an idea of statement of the problem correctly. Sample answer: Do metal affect rusting// To investigate/study the effect of other metal on the corrosion of iron.
No response or wrong response
1
0
Able to state the three variables correctly.
(b)
Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Different metal in contact with iron Responding variable: Rusting of iron // Rate of rusting Controlled variable: Iron nails// medium in which the iron nails are kept // temperature
Able to state any two variables correctly Able to state any one variables correctly
No response or wrong response
3
2 1
0
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12 Details
Question No
Score
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable correctly with direction. (c)
Sample answer: When a more/less electropositive metal is in contact with iron, the metal inhibits/speeds up rusting.
3
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. Sample answer: The metal inhibits/speeds up rusting when a more / less electropositive metal is in contact with iron.
2
Able to state the idea of hypothesis. Sample answer: Different types of metals speeds up / inhibits rusting
1
No response or wrong response
0
Able to give adequate list of materials and apparatus.
(d)
Sample answer: Materials 1 Iron nails 2 Magnesium ribbon, copper strip 3 Hot jelly solution with a little potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein 4 Sand paper Apparatus 10 Test tubes 11 Test tube rack
3
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13 Able to give a list of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Materials 1 Iron nails 2 Magnesium/ copper strip 3 Hot jelly solution with a little potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein
2
Apparatus Test tube/beaker/any container Able to give an idea of materials and apparatus. Sample answer: Material Any metal
1
Apparatus Test tube/beaker/ any container
No response or wrong response
0
Able to state the following five steps:
(e)
Sample answer: 1 Clean all the three iron nails, magnesium ribbon and copper strip with sand paper 2 Coil two iron nails tightly with magnesium ribbon and copper strip respectively 3 Place all the iron nails in the different test tubes. 4 Pour hot jelly solution containing potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and phenolphthalein indicator into the test tubes until completely cover the nails. 5 Keep the test tubes in a test tube rack and leave them aside for a day. 6 Record the observations. Steps 2,3,4 and 6 Step 3
No response or wrong response
3
2 1 0
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14
(f)
Able to tabulate the data that includes the following information : 1. Correct titles 2. Complete list of iron and the metals in contact with iron. Sample answer : Test tube Observation // Intensity of blue colouration // presence of pink colouration Fe Fe + Mg Fe + Cu
3
Able to construct a table with: 1. At least one title 2. Incomplete list of iron and the metals in contact with iron. Sample answer : Test tube/ Observation // Intensity of blue colouration // metal presence of pink colouration Fe only Fe + Mg / Cu
2
Able to construct a table 1. Heading for observation Sample answer : Test tube/ Observation // Intensity of blue colouration // metal presence of pink colouration Fe
No response or wrong response
END OF MARK SCHEME
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