Renewable Energy Heating Solutions Heat pump technology delivers low carbon heating for commercial properties

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Telephone: 01707 282880 email: [email protected] web: www.mitsubishielectric.co.uk/commercialheating UNITED KINGDOM Mitsubishi Electric Europe Air Conditioning Systems Division Travellers Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 8XB, England. General enquiries Tel: 01707 282880 Fax: 01707 278674 Country of origin: United Kingdom – Japan – Thailand – Malaysia. ©Mitsubishi Electric Europe 2010. Mitsubishi and Mitsubishi Electric are trademarks of Mitsubishi Electric Europe B.V. The company reserves the right to make any variation in technical specification to the equipment described or to withdraw or replace products without prior notification or public announcement. Mitsubishi Electric is constantly developing and improving its products. All descriptions, illustrations, drawings and specifications in this publication present only general particulars and shall not form part of any contract. All goods are supplied subject to the Company’s General Conditions of Sale, a copy of which is available on request. Third-party product and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

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Mitsubishi Electric a name synonymous with excellence and the effective delivery of renewable energy Mitsubishi Electric, a market leader in commercial and domestic renewable solutions, has pioneered the development of renewable heat pump technology to improve efficiency and meet tough legislation. With superb efficiency, advanced control and complete design flexibility, our new range of space and water heating systems challenge the future of commercial heating. Our advanced systems offer a viable alternative to traditional heating and biomass systems providing commercial properties with renewable solutions as they:

n Deliver renewable energy to meet renewable targets n Significantly cut running costs and carbon emissions

n Offer easy design and installation with minimal maintenance n Provide scalable solutions able to work in conjunction with other systems

Demand for renewable energy is a reality Driven by a pressing need to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions, the UK Government has brought in tough new laws and challenging targets. As part of the EU objective to increase the use of renewable energy, the UK has committed to sourcing 15% of it’s energy from renewable sources by 2020. Legislation is in place to ensure this happens. Businesses that consume large amounts of electricity - an estimated 20,000 firms in the UK - are now under serious pressure to cut their use of energy. There will be rewards for those who comply and stiff penalties for those who don’t. Stringent building regulations, enforced by local authorities, now mean that no new-build project will get planning permission without first demonstrating a significant use of renewable energy. Consequently, the energy-saving issues faced by those involved in heating commercial properties are considerable. As this impacts on specifiers, consultants and developers they will be forced to look for ways to improve efficiency in order to comply.

n Suit new build and refurbishment n Financially reward through efficiency and Government incentives

Why target heating? With heating consuming well over half of the total energy used in commercial premises - 56% according to the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC) - it’s an area rich with potential for improvement. Upgrading the efficiency of a building’s heating system can offer a simple, cost effective way to make the difference that’s required. Encouraged to meet energy targets by turning to renewables, businesses stand to cut running costs, enjoy greater control and benefit from financial incentives from the Government. Making the change to renewable heating a rewarding one. This brochure highlights the major challenges and solutions.

Energy use in a typical commercial property* Other 7%

Catering 11% Computing 3%

Cooling and Ventilation 4%

Lighting 19%

Sanitary Hot Water Heating 9%

Space Heating 47%

*Source: DECC - Digest of UK Energy Statistics (2009)

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Energy targets challenge the commercial sector

Renewable heating systems provide the solution

Planning authorities demand renewable energy

To meet the energy challenges head-on we’ve developed a range of renewable heating systems specifically for use in commercial properties. Using heat pump technology to deliver effective, low carbon heating we provide a simple, cost effective solution that works.

In line with the UK Government’s commitment towards zero carbon buildings, local planning authorities now specify use of renewable energy as a condition of planning. Targets can be as high as 20%. Many councils, including the Greater London Authority, have stringent methodologies to enforce this, more will follow. Failure to comply will result in planning refusal - a major challenge to those developing the built environment.

Mandatory carbon reduction The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) Energy Efficiency Scheme poses a further challenge for energy users. From April 2010, any company that consumes over 3,000MWh per year must cut its use of energy or risk financial penalties and public identification. As many as 20,000 UK businesses will be affected.

Recent technological advances have enabled us to use proven heat pump technology to design a ground-breaking, renewable heating system to rival that of traditional heating and biomass systems. Available in a range of sizes and options, our heating systems ensure efficient, reliable heating, whatever the application. Achieve renewable targets easily using our UK Government and EU classified renewable heating Cut running costs and CO2 emissions with high efficiency heating systems Easy design and installation ensures an immediate solution for minimal cost and disruption

Energy Performance Certification (EPC) EPC has been introduced in the UK to improve energy conservation in all new and refurbished properties. Since 2006, the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive has demanded that every building sold or leased has an Energy Performance Certificate. Failure to meet the Government’s stringent targets is certain to affect finances and future plans. Prudent property designers and developers already prioritise efficiency as they recognise the impact that a building’s energy performance has on its value.

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Satisfy any heat demand with a heating system powered by a dependable fuel source - electricity Fully scalable and able to work in conjunction with other systems or independently Cost effective heating systems for new build and refurbishment Heat sanitary hot water to 53°C without the need to boost

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It pays to use renewable heating systems

Simple design for complete flexibility

Through money saving efficiency and the Government’s financial incentives, the payback period of our renewable heating systems makes them a very attractive, viable alternative to traditional heating and biomass systems.

The simple design of our heating systems uses proven heat pump technology to harness renewable energy from the air, ground or water, providing maximum heat for minimal energy.

Capital expense kept to a minimum with easy installation Reduced energy use and running costs through efficiency and control Low maintenance costs and 5-year warranty from leading manufacturer Financial reward through the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI)

How heat pump technology works Our heating systems require only a small amount of electricity to upgrade and move heat from one location to another. The heat is upgraded to a higher temperature using the refrigerant cycle and is then used to deliver efficient heat to any building via a ducted air or wet system.

From April 2011, the RHI is intended to offer financial support for renewable heating across England, Scotland and Wales. It aims to bridge the financial gap between conventional and renewable heating in domestic, commercial and industrial properties. Covering a wide range of renewable technologies, including heat pumps, the RHI will see energy users paid for every kW of renewable heat.

1 Compression: Refrigerant in its vapour state is compressed, forcing it to occupy less space. This heats the vapour to temperatures of 75°C to 80°C.

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is then passed through a heat exchanger. The vapour is condensed into a liquid and the heat generated is transferred to heat the air and/or water that is used within the building.

Currently in consultation, details are still to be finalised - visit www.decc.gov.uk - but it’s expected that the RHI will: Compensate investors (system owners) for the cost of renewable heat

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Support ‘useful’ renewable heat, such as space and water heating

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Pay a return on investment of around 12% across all technologies

Expansion: The cooled refrigerant liquid is then passed through an expansion valve which reduces the pressure on the refrigerant allowing it to return to its normal state.

Reward by either deemed heat load (EPC) or by metered kWh generated

4 Evaporation: Liquid refrigerant is passed through a second heat exchanger. Because refrigerant has a very low boiling temperature (as low as -50ºC), the refrigerant evaporates, absorbing heat energy from the surrounding environment. This can be air, water or the ground.

Reward for the expected life of a system - ranging anywhere between10 to 23 years As legislation continues to impose the wider use of renewables, the financial rewards of changing to renewable heating will make it a change worth making.

Condensing: The hot pressurised refrigerant vapour

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Able to deliver up to 5kW of heat for every 1kW of electricity consumed, our heat pump heating 4 systems offer as much as 500% efficiency and a COP of 5 - making them an ideal renewable heating solution. Electrical power in

Air Source Heat Pump

75% Renewable heat output

Ground Source Heat Pump Electrical power in

5 4 Electrical power in

75% Renewable heat output

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80% Renewable heat output

Electrical power in

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Cost effective space and water heating for any commercial property

Modular, scalable and future proof

Efficient, versatile and renewable, our heating systems are specifically designed for commercial properties of any size, new or old. Wherever there’s a need for space or water heating, we rival gas, oil and biomass - easily meeting heat load and renewable energy targets.

Commercial property owners and developers investing in renewable heating, demand reliability from systems able to match today’s needs and those of the future. Our solution uses advanced heat pump technology developed in the commercial air conditioning industry. This enables us to deliver effective, efficient and reliable heat generation.

For new build projects, our heating systems offer a simple solution to meet the need for renewable energy. The scalability of our systems and their ability to work independently or in conjuction with other technologies offer property developers design flexibility.

Compact and modular, our heat pumps come in a range of options and capacities to offer maximum design flexibility and ease of installation for any application.

Ideal for full or partial refurbishment, our systems offer a viable alternative to traditional heating systems that cannot meet renewable requirements. Able to work in conjunction with other systems and with the ability to utilise existing pipework, our heat pumps provide a quick, cost-effective solution to improved heating efficiency.

Pre-piped water connections to flow and return headers

Comparison chart

Easy maintenance with email alerts

Technology

Renewable

Easy design / install

Low maintenance

Dependable fuel

Scalable

Annual running cost / kW installed

ASHP Air to Water

£60.26

ASHP Air to Air

£68.52

GSHP Ground to Water

£41.86

GSHP Ground to Air

£52.05

Mains Gas

£82.36

Biomass

?

£102.57

Flow and return water temperature monitoring and logging BEMS interface Built-in Flow Temperature Control Pre-installed refrigerant piping - no refrigeration work needed on site (ground source only)

Air to Water Renewable energy is extracted from the outdoor air and indoor heat is delivered by using a wet system (such as via radiators, underfloor etc). Each indoor heat pump boiler is rated at 25kW and is available as a single unit (for self configuration), or as a 50kW twin module or a 75kW triple module. These easy-to-use configurations can combine to make a single system of up to 200kW, multiples of which can then be installed to suit larger applications.

Assumed 55,887kWh heat delivered annually by a 25kW system. Efficiency / COP used for calculations = Air to Air 3.26, Air to Water 3.71, Ground to Air 4.3, Ground to Water 5.34, Gas 0.95, Biomass 0.85.

* The figures are calculated using annual temperature profile data from UK weather centres. Each kW of duty required for the building will have an annual cost as above. Prices are from uSwitch commercial tariffs and the Biomass Energy Centre as at November 2009.

Twin module (50kW)

Twin module x 2 (100kW) installed back-to-back for space saving

Triple module x 2 (150kW) in corner configuration

Ground to Water Renewable energy is extracted from the ground or body of water and indoor heat is delivered using a wet system (such as via radiators, underfloor etc). Each indoor heat pump boiler is rated at 25kW and is available as a single unit (for self configuration), or as a pre-mounted and pre-piped 50kW twin module, comprising two 25kW indoor heat pump units and two 25kW heat pump boilers.

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Pre-mounted and pre-piped 50kW twin module

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Air source

Ground source

heat pumps

heat pumps

Air source heat pumps (ASHP) extract heat from the outside air. This is then used to deliver heat to the building via a ducted air (for example) or wet system.

Ground source heat pumps (GSHP) use closed or open loop circuits to extract heat from the ground. This is then used to deliver heat to the building via a ducted air or wet system.

Recognised as a renewable technology, ASHP outdoor units are sited on the roof or ground. Able to work at outside temperatures as low as -20°C, they prove ideal for use in any UK commercial property.

Recognised as a renewable technology, GSHP offer the highest energy efficiency possible. Ideal for any commercial property including schools, universities and hospitals.

Air to Water

Ground to Water

The outdoor unit harvests free renewable heat from the outside air, upgrades it to a useful temperature and then transfers it to the boiler which heats the water that is fed to the radiators or underfloor heating and sanitary hot water. Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (COP)

3.71

Heat source temperature

Air -3°C

Heating capacity delivered

25kW

Refrigerant pipe length

40m

Air

The ground source unit harvests free renewable heat from the ground or a body of water via pipework buried in the ground using pumped water as a means of transferring the energy. This heat energy is upgraded to a useful temperature and then transferred to the boiler which heats the water that is fed to radiators or under floor heating.

Air Air

Heat Pump Outdoor Unit

Heat Pump Boiler

Wet System

Renewable heat delivered 73% or 18.3kW

Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (COP)

5.34

Heat source temperature

Water 2°C

Heating capacity delivered

24kW

Refrigerant pipe length

2m

Closed Loop Bore Hole

Indoor Heat Pump Unit

Heat Pump Boiler

Wet System

Renewable heat delivered 81% or 20.5kW

Air to Air

Ground to Air

The outdoor unit harvests free renewable heat from the outside air, upgrades it to a useful temperature and then transfers it to the fan coil which heats up air supplied to the building via ductwork and grilles. Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (COP)

3.26

Heat source temperature

Air -3°C

Heating capacity delivered

25kW

Refrigerant pipe length

100m

Renewable heat delivered 69% or 17.3kW

Air

The ground source unit harvests free renewable heat from the ground via pipework buried in the ground using pumped water as a means of transferring the energy. The heat is upgraded to a useful temperature and then transferred to fan coil which heats up air supplied to the building via ductwork and grilles.

Air Air

Heat Pump Outdoor Unit

Ducted Indoor Unit

Air Vents

Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (COP)

4.30

Heat source temperature

Water 2°C

Heating capacity delivered

25kW

Refrigerant pipe length

100m

Closed Loop Bore Hole

Indoor Heat Pump Unit

Ducted Indoor Unit

Air Vents

Renewable heat delivered 78% or 19.2kW

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Case study 1 Student apartment block This new, prestigious accommodation for overseas students in London will have 230 individual apartments with bedrooms and en suite bathrooms. Designed to be home for a large number of students throughout the year, not just term-time, demand for hot water is expected to be much higher than other, more typical student accommodation. Indeed, sanitary water heating will account for 34% of the development’s total energy use.

The buildings typical energy use Space Heating 46% 537,38.00kWh/year Sanitary Water Heating 34% 109,20.00 kWh/year Other Electricity 20% 813,12.00 kWh/year

Using ‘The London Renewables Toolkit’ to analyse energy data, it was clear that our heat pump systems could fully meet the development’s demand for sanitary water heating to ensure that 23% of the total energy was renewable. Not only did this represent a cost-effective solution to the provision of hot water, it enabled our clients to easily satisfy tough renewable energy targets.

Targeting Sanitary Water Heating

For further information, go to: www.london.gov.uk

Due to the unusually high demand for sanitary water heating in this application, it was deemed the obvious area to target. Using an air source heat pump with a seasonal COP of 3.20 to provide the Sanitary Water Heating met 34% of the buildings total energy use, 23% of which is renewable

23% Renewable Achieved

Renewable Heat Delivered 437,505 kWh/year

Targeting Space Heating If on the other hand, the total space heating demand was provided by heat pumps instead, the level of renewable energy would rise well above the current target required.

34% Renewable Achieved

Using an air source heat pump with a seasonal COP of 3.68 to provide the Space Heating, would meet 46% of the buildings total energy use, 34% of which would be renewable Renewable Heat Delivered 638,835 kWh/year

Targeting Space Heating & Sanitary Water Heating To demonstrate the full potential impact that using a heat pump system can have, by providing both the space heating and sanitary hot water, would result in renewable energy use far in excess of todays’ targets, but capable of fulfilling any increased demand well into the future.

57% Renewable Achieved

Using an air source heat pump with a seasonal COP of ? to provide both the Space Heating and Sanitary Water Heating, would meet 80% of the buildings total energy use, 57% of which would be renewable Renewable Heat Delivered 1,076,340 kWh/year

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Renewable heating systems for everyone

Case study 2 Office development This was a typical office project in the heart of the capital. Heating alone consumed the largest amount of energy, by far surpassing lighting and electrical appliances.

The buildings typical energy use

In fact, space heating accounted for 37% of the total energy demand. It was an ideal area to benefit from renewable heat pump technology and help our clients meet stringent environmental targets. Analysis of data using ‘The London Renewables Toolkit’ demonstrated that our heat pump system could not only meet the demand for heating but provide 27% as renewable energy. Heat pumps could have also provided a further 5% of renewable energy if used for the supply of hot water. For further information, go to: www.london.gov.uk

Everyone involved in heating commercial property will be increasingly affected by the need for improved energy efficiency and subsequent legislation. As a leading renewable manufacturer, we’ve pioneered a range of advanced commercial heating systems to provide an easy, cost effective solution that works.

Consultants & Specifiers For those designing a new building or specifying an existing one, our commercial heating systems ensure renewable energy targets are met now and into the future.

Installers Space Heating 37% 537,38.00kWh/year

Sanitary Water Heating 8% 109,20.00 kWh/year

Other Electricity 55% 813,12.00 kWh/year

Targeting Space Heating Using an air source heat pump to provide the Space Heating met 37% of the buildings total energy use, 27% of which is renewable

Whether new build or refurbishment, the design flexibility and modular approach to our commercial heating systems makes them easy to design, install and maintain whatever the application. For the retro-fit market, add our system to the existing one to improve efficiency and fulfill the requirement for renewable energy.

Property Owner Benefit from installing an efficient, reliable heating system that provides the highest level of comfort and control, supported by a 5-year warranty for peace of mind. As our commercial heating systems will be eligible for RHI, take full advantage of any incentives (currently proposed to be 12% R.O.I) that are designed to encourage the use of renewable energy.

Property Occupier For the occupier, the greater efficiency of our commercial heating significantly reduces energy bills and CO2 emissions, to save money on running costs and meet carbon reduction targets.

It ticks all the boxes

27% Renewable Achieved

Achieves renewable energy targets Reduces CO2 Reduces running costs Maximum scalability to suit all applications

Renewable Heat Delivered 39,135 kWh/year

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Dependable fuel source Designed for today, tomorrow and beyond

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Air source heat pump system design

Ground source heat pump system design

The principal design layout of an air to water heat pump system consists of an outdoor unit connected via two-pipe technology to an indoor unit, which in turn delivers heat indoors via radiators, underfloor heating or air handling units.

The principal design layout of a ground to water heat pump system consists of an open or closed loop circuit connected to an indoor unit, which in turn delivers heat indoors via radiators, underfloor heating or air handling units. COP ratings as high as 5.5

Refrigerant Pipework

This chart shows the fluctuation in COP ratings during a typical annual heating season

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Open or closed loop circuit Situated outside in the ground (or body of water), these circuits use energy found in the ground to deliver heat to indoor water based system

COP Rating

5 4

Maximum flow temperature at -3ºC

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Indoor unit

Situated outside at roof or ground level, upgrades free renewable heat found in the outside air to deliver heat to an indoor water based system

Designed to easily install into the similar space required by a traditional boiler, our advanced units deliver optimum flexibility and efficiency

Our advanced units are ready assembled for ease of installation. Pre-plumbed and pre-charged the units require only a water connection on site to ensure that installation time and costs are kept to a minimum

50°C 55°C

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Outdoor unit

Packaged unit

45°C 2

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Outdoor temperature (ºC)

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Water Pipework 3

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Ground water temperature (ºC)

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Flow and return pipework provides flow temperature of 55°C

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Water Pipework

4.50

3.00

COP Rating

Met Office data Using Met Office data this chart shows that, despite temperatures dropping in the winter, the number of hours spent below 4ºC is very low Flow temperature control Using flow temperature control (weather compensation) for optimum efficiency our systems adjust to ensure the output heat accurately matches the demand

4.00 3.50

This chart shows the fluctuation in COP ratings during a typical annual heating season. A lower flow temperature can be used by increasing the surface area of heat emitters, the benefit of this is higher efficiency and increased annual savings

Seasonal COP

Maximum flow temperature at -3ºC

2.50 2.00

45°C

True seasonal COP ratings Using the above data ensures we provide true seasonal COP ratings rather than giving COP ratings for one set condition

1.00 53°C 0.50 0.00 -3

-2

-1

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Outdoor temperature (ºC)

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Outdoor temperature (ºC)

Flow temperature control 25.0

1.50 50°C

700 800 600 700 500 600 400 500 300 400 200 300 100 200 0 100 0

20.0 25.0

True seasonal COP ratings Max Flow Temp at -3ºC Air to Water Ground to Water 45ºC 50ºC 53/55ºC* * Depending on system configuration

3.71 3.17 2.66

5.34 4.78 4.51

Capacity

COP ratings as high as 4.3

800

Met Office data Hours spent at temperature

Flow and return pipework provides flow temperature of 45°C to 55°C depending on the outdoor configuration

15.0 20.0 10.0 15.0 5.0 10.0 0.0 5.0

-3

-1

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Outdoor temperature (ºC)

0.0

-3

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-2

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A viable alternative to traditional heating and biomass systems, our heat pumps: Deliver renewable energy to meet renewable targets Significantly cut running costs and carbon emissions Offer easy design and installation with minimal maintenance Provide scalable solutions able to work in conjunction with other systems Suit new build and refurbishment Financially reward through efficiency and Government incentives

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Renewable heating systems from Mitsubishi Electric are the simple and effective approach to commercial heating

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