World Trade Organization

9 789287 036940

Trade Profiles 2009

ISBN 978-92-870-3694-0

WTO 2009

Trade Profiles provides the latest information on the trade flows and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other selected economies. With information for each country provided in a standardized format, the publication is an invaluable quick reference tool for anyone looking for essential trade statistics. The data provided for each country include basic economic indicators (such as GDP), trade policy indicators (such as tariffs, import duties, number of disputes, notifications outstanding and contingency measures in force), merchandise trade flows (broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations), services trade flows (with a breakdown by major components) and industrial property indicators. With one page devoted to each country, Trade Profiles offers a concise overview of global trade.

Trade Profiles 2009

WTO MEMBERS (As of 23 July 2008) Albania Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahrain, Kingdom of Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia European Communities Fiji Finland Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) France

Gabon The Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kenya Korea, Republic of Kuwait Kyrgyz Republic Latvia Lesotho Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao, China Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands

This report is also available in French and Spanish (Price: CHF 30.00) To order, please contact: WTO Publications World Trade Organization 154, rue de Lausanne CH-1211 Geneva 21 Tel: (41 22) 739 52 08 Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58 Email: [email protected]

New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Saudi Arabia Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Chinese Taipei Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States of America Uruguay Viet Nam Zambia Zimbabwe

ISBN 978-92-870-3694-0 © World Trade Organization 2009

INTRODUCTION

These Trade Profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of Members, Observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from various WTO Divisions and external sources and presented in standardized format for quick reference.

The indicators are divided into five categories: I.

Basic economic indicators – population, GDP, current account balance, etc.

II. Trade policy indicators – specific WTO relevant information, including tariff binding information, import duties collected in total tax revenue, the number of dispute rulings (complainant, defendant), notifications outstanding and contingency measures in force. III. Merchandise trade indicators (customs-based statistics) – information on total trade flows broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations. IV. Commercial services indicators (balance of payments based statistics) – trends in total trade flows and a breakdown by major components. V. Industrial property indicators – annual number of patents granted and marks registered in the name of residents and non-residents in the economy. Data are currently provided for as many Members and Observers for which adequate information is available in the WTO Secretariat and other national and international bodies. For updates, see the WTO Online Database at the WTO Statistics Gateway (www.wto.org, choose Resources, Trade statistics). Depending on data availability, missing trade profiles will be completed or added. For sources and methodology, please refer to the Technical Notes at the end of the publication.

The definition of economies in this booklet does not imply an expression of opinion by the Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers, nor regarding the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respect of WTO Agreements. Throughout this report, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Republic of Korea and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu are referenced as Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela, Korea, Republic of and Taipei, Chinese respectively.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

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Acknowledgements are due to the International Monetary Fund, the International Trade Center, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Statistics Division, the World Bank and the World Intellectual Property Organization. The assistance of all these organizations in supplying statistics as well as other information has greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat.

Symbols and abbreviations ... AOA CRN DSU EIA EU

Not available or not reported Not applicable WTO Agreement on Agriculture Central Registry of Notifications Dispute Settlement Understanding Economic Integration Agreement European Union

GATS Services GDP ITS MFN PPP RTA

General Agreement on Trade in Gross Domestic Product WTO International Trade Statistics Most Favoured Nation Purchasing Power Parity Regional Trade Agreement

Annual average percentage changes are calculated using a geometric average. Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding. Tables include in general information for the period 2000 - latest available year. Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in United States dollars; (ii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis; (iii) trade in commercial services data are on a balance of payments basis; and (iv) merchandise exports are valued f.o.b. and merchandise imports c.i.f.

Comments and enquiries on this booklet should be addressed to [email protected]. Closing date 15 October 2009.

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TRADE PROFILES 2009

CONTENTS

Afghanistan – AF Albania – AL Algeria – DZ Angola – AO Antigua and Barbuda – AG Argentina – AR Armenia – AM Australia – AU Austria – AT Azerbaijan – AZ Bahamas – BS Bahrain – BH Bangladesh – BD Barbados – BB Belarus – BY Belgium – BE Belize – BZ Benin – BJ Bhutan – BT Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela – VE Bolivia – BO Bosnia and Herzegovina – BA Botswana – BW Brazil – BR Brunei Darussalam – BN Bulgaria – BG Burkina Faso – BF Burundi – BI Cambodia – KH Cameroon – CM Canada – CA Cape Verde – CV Central African Republic – CF Chad – TD Chile – CL China – CN Colombia – CO Comoros – KM Congo – CG Congo, Dem. Rep. of – CD Costa Rica – CR Côte d’Ivoire – CI Croatia – HR Cuba – CU Cyprus – CY

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

Czech Republic – CZ Denmark – DK Djibouti – DJ Dominica – DM Dominican Republic – DO Ecuador – EC Egypt – EG El Salvador – SV Equatorial Guinea – GQ Eritrea – ER Estonia – EE Ethiopia – ET European Union (27) – E27 Fiji – FJ Finland – FI France – FR FYR Macedonia – MK Gabon – GA Gambia – GM Georgia – GE Germany – DE Ghana – GH Greece – GR Grenada – GD Guatemala – GT Guinea – GN Guinea-Bissau – GW Guyana – GY Haiti – HT Honduras – HN Hong Kong, China – HK Hungary – HU Iceland – IS India – IN Indonesia – ID Iran, Islamic Rep. of – IR Iraq – IQ Ireland – IE Israel – IL Italy – IT Jamaica – JM Japan – JP Jordan – JO Kazakhstan – KZ Kenya – KE

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92

TRADE PROFILES 2009

1

Korea, Republic of – KR Kuwait – KW Kyrgyz Republic – KG Lao People’s Dem. Rep. – LA Latvia – LV Lebanon – LB Lesotho – LS Libyan Arab Jamahiriya – LY Lithuania – LT Luxembourg – LU Macao, China – MO Madagascar – MG Malawi – MW Malaysia – MY Maldives – MV Mali – ML Malta – MT Mauritania – MR Mauritius – MU Mexico – MX Moldova – MD Mongolia – MN Montenegro – ME Morocco – MA Mozambique – MZ Myanmar – MM Namibia – NA Nepal – NP Netherlands – NL New Zealand – NZ Nicaragua – NI Niger – NE Nigeria – NG Norway – NO Oman – OM Pakistan – PK Panama – PA Papua New Guinea – PG Paraguay – PY Peru – PE Philippines – PH Poland – PL Portugal – PT Qatar – QA Romania – RO Russian Federation – RU 2

TRADE PROFILES 2009

93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138

Rwanda – RW Saint Kitts and Nevis – KN Saint Lucia – LC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – VC Samoa – WS Sao Tome and Principe – ST Saudi Arabia – SA Senegal – SN Serbia – RS Seychelles – SC Sierra Leone – SL Singapore – SG Slovak Republic – SK Slovenia – SI Solomon Islands – SB South Africa – ZA Spain – ES Sri Lanka – LK Sudan – SD Suriname – SR Swaziland – SZ Sweden – SE Switzerland – CH Syrian Arab Republic – SY Taipei, Chinese – TW Tajikistan – TJ Tanzania – TZ Thailand – TH Togo – TG Tonga – TO Trinidad and Tobago – TT Tunisia – TN Turkey – TR Turkmenistan – TM Uganda – UG Ukraine – UA United Arab Emirates – AE United Kingdom – GB United States – US Uruguay – UY Uzbekistan – UZ Vanuatu – VU Viet Nam – VN Yemen – YE Zambia – ZM Zimbabwe – ZW

139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184

AFGHANISTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

... 10 170 30 602 ... ... ... 2008 ... ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 5.8 Non-agricultural goods 5.5 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 610 3 350

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Pakistan 2. India 3. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 4. Saudi Arabia 5. China Unspecified destinations

... ... ... 55.0 11.8 2.5 1.7 0.3 28.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 ... ...

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 ...

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 157 131 159 133

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ... ...

2000-2008 ... ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2006-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 22 9

2000-2008 20 14

2008 ... ... ... 49.0 ... 1-0 -

2008 23 19 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Pakistan 2. China 3. Japan 4. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 5. India Unspecified origins

... ... ... 17.2 15.4 12.1 8.1 4.8 38.6

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ...

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 132 106 173 147

2008 ... ... 2008 ...

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

3

ALBANIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 143 12 295 24 251 - 1 924 2 837 82.7 2008 153 225 310

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 8 September 2000 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.0 5.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 9.4 7.8 Non-agricultural goods 6.6 4.8 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.4 in non-agricultural goods 43.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 108 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 355 5 251

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Serbia 3. FYR Macedonia 4. China 5. Montenegro

7.7 22.1 70.1 79.7 8.3 2.9 2.8 2.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 419 2 361

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 11 15

Exports 140 114 84 58

Annual percentage change 2007 6 8 28

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 23 22

Annual percentage change 2007 35 37

2008 6 7 12 0.022 7.6 2.8 4 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 26 25 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Turkey 4. Serbia 5. Russian Federation

2000-2008 24 24

Imports 111 86 91 66

17.3 18.6 63.6 60.7 7.4 6.0 4.7 4.4

Annual percentage change 2007 30 22

2008 26 25

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

8.8 70.8 20.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

14.8 65.9 19.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

4

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 270

Total 3 270

ALGERIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2003) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

34 362 173 882 276 016 9 780 3 141 75.1 2008 137 124 187

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 18.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 23.3 Non-agricultural goods 17.8 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 0.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 79 298 39 479

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 3 8

Exports 42 28 79 53

Annual percentage change 2007 3 -1 8

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 17 20

Annual percentage change 2007 10 29

2008 a 0.49 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.2 Agricultural products 98.8 Fuels and mining products 1.0 Manufactures By main origin 43.6 1. European Union (27) 30.1 2. China 7.8 3. United States 3.4 4. Japan 3.0 5. Argentina

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Canada 4. Turkey 5. Brazil COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 101 7 194

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.08

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

2000-2008 16 23

Imports 56 38 61 42

2008 3 5 12 5.1 6.2 2-0 -

2008 32 43 2008 a 0.24

23.0 3.0 74.0 51.9 8.6 7.7 3.9 3.3

Annual percentage change 2007 10 45

2008 25 58 2008 0.21

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 214

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 2 372

Total 2 372

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

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ANGOLA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005) Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005)

18 021 83 383 106 296 9 402 1 668 125.4 2008 268 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 November 1996 Trade Policy Review date 14, 16 February 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 59.2 7.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 52.8 10.0 Non-agricultural goods 60.1 6.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 67 100 21 100

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

2008 0.42

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

0.1 99.1 0.7 ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 311 11 610

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 46 31 147 121

Annual percentage change 2007 20 ... ...

2000-2008 13 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 39 56

2000-2008 31 27

2008 15 ... ... 0.134 ... ... 36 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 51 54 2008 0.13

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2006 ... 11

2000-2007 2 26

Imports 72 50 46 29

2007 ... 69

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.37

5.4 72.4 22.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

21.6 1.8 76.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

6

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

86 1 225 1 824 - 402 17 424 131.9 2008 ... 92 96

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 58.7 9.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 105.0 15.0 Non-agricultural goods 51.4 8.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.8 in non-agricultural goods 4.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 32 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 80 770

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 ... -4 -2

Exports 182 156 130 104

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 8

Annual percentage change 2007 3 17

2008 b 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 1.7 Agricultural products 55.3 Fuels and mining products 42.5 Manufactures By main origin 30.9 1. United States 23.6 2. European Union (27) 10.6 3. Japan 8.2 4. Netherlands Antilles 6.1 5. Trinidad and Tobago

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Netherlands Antilles 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. Barbados 5. Dominica COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 509 296

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 3 9

Imports 174 148 161 135

2008 ... ... ... 0.015 ... ... 42 2-2 ... ... 0 1-0 1-0 1-0 0-1

2008 5 6 2008 b 0.00

20.4 36.9 42.7 58.2 12.3 4.3 4.1 3.9

Annual percentage change 2007 4 14

2008 5 4

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

16.4 69.9 13.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

36.1 18.1 45.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 9

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 031

Total 1 031

a Refers to 2002 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2002. b Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2005 and by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

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ARGENTINA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

39 876 328 385 571 537 7 588 3 070 45.2 2008 139 161 138

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 12, 14 February 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 31.9 11.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 32.5 10.3 Non-agricultural goods 31.8 11.9 0.0 11.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 4.3 in non-agricultural goods 21.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 63 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 70 023 57 423

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.44

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Brazil 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United States 5. Chile Unspecified destinations

53.1 12.5 30.6 18.9 18.8 9.1 7.9 6.7 2.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 11 870 12 579

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 7 5

Exports 45 30 47 29

Annual percentage change 2007 9 9 21

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2002-2004) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 11

Annual percentage change 2007 20 31

2008 7 ... ... 0.315 2.8 3.8 12 3-1 69 ... 1 15 - 16 3-6 2-0 0-0

2008 26 28 2008 0.35

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Brazil 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United States 5. Paraguay Unspecified origins

2000-2008 12 4

Imports 47 29 47 30

5.6 10.9 82.9 31.3 15.7 12.4 12.2 3.1 3.2

Annual percentage change 2007 30 28

2008 16 19

2008 0.31

Share in world total imports

2008 0.36

15.2 39.0 45.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

31.2 35.8 33.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents 145

Non-residents 1 442

Trademark registrations by office, 2003 Total 1 587

Direct residents 39 231

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

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TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 17 032

Madrid ...

Total 56 263

ARMENIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 077 11 917 18 678 - 1 383 1 718 57.6 2008 245 201 226

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 5 February 2003 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 8.5 2.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 14.7 6.9 Non-agricultural goods 7.5 2.2 0.0 0.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 30.1 in non-agricultural goods 82.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 106 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 069 4 412

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Georgia 4. United States 5. Iran, Islamic Rep. of

20.4 25.3 52.5 54.6 20.3 7.3 4.9 2.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 636 952

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 12 9 11

Exports 145 119 123 97

Annual percentage change 2007 14 -3 13

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 18 22

Annual percentage change 2007 17 49

2008 7 -14 8 0.015 4.6 1.7 7 8-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -7 35 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Ukraine 5. Turkey

2000-2008 22 23

Imports 119 93 127 101

18.2 16.8 54.5 29.7 20.4 9.2 7.6 6.5

Annual percentage change 2007 20 29

2008 11 23

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

21.7 52.0 26.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.3 34.1 16.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 210

Non-residents 3

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 213

Direct residents 672

Direct non-residents 492

Madrid 2 996

Total 4 160

TRADE PROFILES 2009

9

AUSTRALIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

21 374 1 015 217 762 559 - 44 040 18 699 46.1 2008 129 123 190

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 March 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 9.9 3.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 3.3 1.3 Non-agricultural goods 11.0 3.9 0.3 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 48.9 in non-agricultural goods 49.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 103 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 187 259 200 338 2008 1.17

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. China 3. European Union (27) 4. Korea, Republic of 5. India

13.9 59.7 15.5 22.8 14.6 10.5 8.3 6.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 45 601 45 491

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 3 8

Exports 23 17 24 12

Annual percentage change 2007 3 4 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 14

Annual percentage change 2007 15 19

2008 4 4 13 1.145 1.8 2.5 18 7-5 36 1 0 7 - 10 5-2 0-2 0-0

2008 32 21 2008 1.22

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Japan 5. Singapore

2000-2008 11 12

Imports 21 14 21 12

5.4 17.2 71.5 21.0 15.6 12.0 9.0 7.2

Annual percentage change 2007 22 22

2008 15 18

2008 1.21

Share in world total imports

2008 1.30

19.5 55.2 25.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.3 34.9 31.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 1 086

10

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 10 150

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 11 236

Direct residents 25 868

Direct non-residents 9 063

Madrid 8 855

Total 43 786

AUSTRIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

8 344 416 380 318 350 14 269 49 161 110.2 2008 117 154 140

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 114 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 180 966 183 441 2008 1.13

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. Russian Federation 5. China

8.9 6.2 83.3 72.1 4.4 4.2 2.5 1.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 61 673 42 578

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 6 5

Exports 25 21 -

Annual percentage change 2007 3 9 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 12

Annual percentage change 2007 20 19

2008 2 ... ... 1.366 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 11 13 2008 1.12

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Switzerland 3. China 4. United States 5. Russian Federation

2000-2008 13 13

Imports 22 25 -

8.9 16.1 73.3 73.5 4.4 4.2 2.9 2.1

Annual percentage change 2007 20 17

2008 12 9

2008 1.63

Share in world total imports

2008 1.22

21.7 35.4 42.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.1 26.8 41.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 1 327

Non-residents 237

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 564

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 5 613

Total 12 082

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

11

AZERBAIJAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

8 679 46 259 76 072 16 454 3 774 96.9 2008 351 543 495

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 9.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.8 Non-agricultural goods 8.4 1.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 34.0 in non-agricultural goods 10.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 30 586 7 575

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.19

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Israel 4. India 5. Indonesia

1.7 96.1 2.0 56.5 12.6 7.6 5.1 3.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 454 3 826

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 17 24 22

Exports 62 44 102 76

Annual percentage change 2007 25 43 14

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 43 26

Annual percentage change 2007 63 15

2008 11 15 21 ... ... 4-0 -

2008 44 25 2008 0.05

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Turkey 4. Ukraine 5. China

2000-2008 26 30

Imports 100 75 73 50

16.5 3.8 78.6 28.4 18.8 11.3 7.9 6.7

Annual percentage change 2007 39 19

2008 24 15

2008 0.04

Share in world total imports

2008 0.11

54.6 13.1 32.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

17.8 8.9 73.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 79

12

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 2

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 81

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 145

Total 3 145

BAHAMAS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

335 6 935 ... - 1 002 23 250 117.0 2008 116 101 100

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 29.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 23.6 Non-agricultural goods 30.9 0.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 37.8 in non-agricultural goods 15.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 989 3 123

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Canada 4. Nigeria 5. Turks and Caicos Islands

13.7 27.1 52.6 69.9 12.7 5.2 2.3 1.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 503 1 254

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 148 122 83 57

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

2000-2008 2 0 0

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2003-2005) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 16 8

2000-2008 7 5

2008 1 ... ... 47.5 13.4 2-2 -

2008 23 6 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 3. Netherlands Antilles 4. European Union (27) 5. Trinidad and Tobago

18.1 27.9 52.8 87.2 5.2 2.0 1.2 1.1

Annual percentage change 2007 7 -1

2000-2008 3 3

Imports 137 111 114 88

2008 -2 -17

2008 0.07

Share in world total imports

2008 0.04

2.1 86.0 11.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

28.3 24.6 47.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2004 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2004.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

13

BAHRAIN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2006) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2005) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

767 15 828 20 344 2 257 41 915 171.3 2005 134 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 18, 20 July 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 73.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 34.4 5.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 38.9 8.6 Non-agricultural goods 33.4 4.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 24.1 in non-agricultural goods 1.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 22 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 18 150 12 500

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2005 6 ... ...

Exports 73 51 76 51

Annual percentage change 2004 6 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2003-2005) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 13

Annual percentage change 2007 12 9

2008 a 0.11 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.5 Agricultural products 90.5 Fuels and mining products 8.9 Manufactures By main origin 5.3 1. European Union (27) 2.7 2. Australia 2.4 3. Japan 1.5 4. Saudi Arabia 1.0 5. China 79.1 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Saudi Arabia 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. United Arab Emirates 5. India Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 740 2 030

Commercial services exports (million US$) b Commercial services imports (million US$) b Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 84 60 97 71

2005 8 ... ... 0.081 42.8 2.8 36 3-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 33 9 2008 a 0.08

5.6 59.1 35.2 11.4 6.3 5.2 4.8 4.2 51.0

Annual percentage change 2007 6 6

2008 6 19

2008 0.10

Share in world total imports

2008 0.06

20.4 31.2 48.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

44.6 24.8 30.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2004 Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007. b Break in series for commercial services: 2004.

14

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 26

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 2 341

Total 2 341

BANGLADESH BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

160 000 78 992 213 504 1 032 217 49.1 2008 157 241 219

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 13, 15 September 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 15.5 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 169.2 14.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 192.0 17.6 Non-agricultural goods 34.4 14.3 0.0 0.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 75.1 in non-agricultural goods 4.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 9 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 15 357 23 838

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 12 10

Exports 76 54 115 89

Annual percentage change 2007 6 13 16

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 12 13

Annual percentage change 2007 6 16

2008 a 0.10 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 10.2 Agricultural products 2.2 Fuels and mining products 87.6 Manufactures By main origin 51.2 1. China 25.7 2. India 4.0 3. European Union (27) 3.5 4. Kuwait 1.7 5. Indonesia

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. India 4. Canada 5. China COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 891 3 684

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 15 12

Imports 69 47 75 52

2008 6 9 15 0.101 39.1 11.8 32 5-0 ... ... 0 1-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 23 28 2008 a 0.15

28.6 13.1 51.4 15.6 13.2 9.7 7.2 5.1

Annual percentage change 2007 14 27

2008 30 38

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.11

12.5 10.2 77.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

87.4 5.0 7.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 16

Non-residents 146

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 162

Direct residents 32

Direct non-residents 149

Madrid ...

Total 181

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

15

BARBADOS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2005) Current account balance (million US$, 2005) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

255 3 409 4 950 - 385 16 565 130.6 2002 96 91 93

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 17, 19 September 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 78.1 13.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 111.1 31.0 Non-agricultural goods 72.9 10.8 0.0 0.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 12.4 in non-agricultural goods 4.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 21 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 395 1 892

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Trinidad and Tobago 4. Saint Lucia 5. Jamaica Unspecified destinations

23.1 23.1 53.0 21.0 11.8 9.5 5.4 3.9 19.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 1 729 755

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2002 -2 -4 -4

Exports 163 137 91 65

Annual percentage change 2001 -2 -3 -5

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2003-2004) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 5 6

Annual percentage change 2007 8 5

2002 -2 -6 -2 0.015 10.6 5.4 40 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -17 11 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Japan 5. China Unspecified origins

2000-2007 7 7

Imports 150 124 129 103

19.1 21.3 59.0 36.8 19.8 13.4 3.6 3.5 0.0

Annual percentage change 2006 9 7

2007 12 11

2007 0.05

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

2.1 69.3 28.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.4 13.1 53.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1999 Residents ...

16

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 3

Trademark registrations by office, 1999 Total 3

Direct residents 50

Direct non-residents 701

Madrid ...

Total 751

BELARUS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

9 681 60 302 118 695 - 5 049 6 284 128.4 2008 189 187 201

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 10.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.3 Non-agricultural goods 10.5 12.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 8.3 in non-agricultural goods 9.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 32 902 39 483

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.20

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Ukraine 4. Brazil 5. China Unspecified destinations

8.0 38.0 52.3 43.9 32.2 8.5 3.3 1.9 0.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 224 2 583

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 8 9

Exports 60 42 70 45

Annual percentage change 2007 9 7 0

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 21

Annual percentage change 2007 23 28

2008 10 8 10 5.4 2.9 4-0 -

2008 36 38 2008 0.24

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Russian Federation 2. European Union (27) 3. Ukraine 4. China 5. United States Unspecified origins

2000-2008 20 22

Imports 55 37 84 59

8.7 39.1 48.7 59.8 21.6 5.4 3.6 1.2 1.6

Annual percentage change 2007 37 23

2008 30 29

2008 0.11

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

70.8 8.6 20.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.0 26.0 24.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 1 015

Non-residents 115

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 130

Direct residents 1 404

Direct non-residents 706

Madrid 6 028

Total 8 138

TRADE PROFILES 2009

17

BELGIUM BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

10 704 497 586 369 213 - 12 015 74 923 177.2 2008 116 123 123

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 475 550 469 486 2008 2.96

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. India 4. Switzerland 5. Russian Federation

10.0 12.7 76.5 77.1 4.8 1.5 1.4 1.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 86 139 81 942

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 8 13 -

Annual percentage change 2007 3 4 5

2000-2008 2 3 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 18 17

2000-2008 12 13

2008 1 ... ... 2.563 ... ... 33 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 68 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 10 14 2008 2.86

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Japan 5. Russian Federation

9.3 19.8 70.1 70.3 5.5 4.1 2.6 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 29 34

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 9 14 -

2008 16 17

2008 2.28

Share in world total imports

2008 2.35

32.6 14.5 52.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

28.2 23.2 48.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 405

Non-residents 114

Trademark registrations by office Total 519

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

18

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

BELIZE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

311 1 367 2 155 - 154 5 360 126.7 2008 142 163 103

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 12, 14 July 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 98.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 58.2 10.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 101.4 20.7 Non-agricultural goods 51.5 9.3 0.0 0.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 33.9 in non-agricultural goods 15.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 17 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 310 837

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Costa Rica 4. Trinidad and Tobago 5. Mexico

55.2 38.3 1.4 45.0 26.8 16.8 2.6 1.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 358 161

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 166 140 144 118

Annual percentage change 2007 1 -6 0

2000-2008 4 7 0

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -3 4

2000-2008 4 6

2008 3 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 44 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 16 22 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Netherlands Antilles 3. Mexico 4. Panama 5. China

13.3 16.6 47.6 34.2 11.9 9.4 8.9 8.1

Annual percentage change 2007 9 11

2000-2008 13 4

Imports 170 144 170 144

2008 -3 1

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

7.0 78.5 14.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.2 25.4 31.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents ...

Non-residents 7

Trademark registrations by office Total 7

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

19

BENIN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

8 662 6 680 12 715 - 535 313 53.2 2008 138 116 111

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 22 February 1996 Trade Policy Review date 28, 30 June 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 39.4 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 28.3 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 61.8 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 11.4 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 6.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 12 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 050 1 990

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 147 121 133 107

Annual percentage change 2007 5 ... ...

2000-2008 4 3 2

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 19 30

2000-2008 13 16

2008 b 0.01 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 41.7 Agricultural products 0.6 Fuels and mining products 6.2 Manufactures By main origin 24.0 1. European Union (27) 10.8 2. China 8.7 3. Côte d'Ivoire 8.6 4. Ghana 7.2 5. Togo

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. Nigeria 4. India 5. Niger COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 281 491

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2008 5 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 36 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 20 24 2008 b 0.01

34.2 21.4 44.1 36.6 8.5 6.9 6.8 5.3

Annual percentage change 2006 10 28

2000-2007 12 15

Imports 149 123 139 113

2007 43 43

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

4.5 73.5 22.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

60.2 14.6 25.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2005 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2005. b Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2005 and by destination/origin refer to 2006.

20

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

BHUTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

687 1 359 3 266 ... 1 537 94.8 2008 200 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 21.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 41.4 Non-agricultural goods 18.9 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 521 543

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. India 2. Bangladesh 3. Nepal 4. Hong Kong, China 5. Japan

48.3 50.2 1.4 95.1 2.8 0.9 0.5 0.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 53 108

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 9 ... ...

Exports 160 134 179 153

Annual percentage change 2007 14 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2002-2004) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 15

Annual percentage change 2007 63 25

2008 14 ... ... 4.8 0.9 3-0 -

2008 -23 3 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. India 2. Japan 3. European Union (27) 4. Singapore 5. China

2000-2008 13 11

Imports 180 154 177 151

18.4 25.2 56.2 74.0 4.7 4.1 3.9 3.6

Annual percentage change 2007 16 -1

2008 -13 1 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 837

Total 837

TRADE PROFILES 2009

21

BOLIVARIAN REP. OF VENEZUELA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

27 943 313 799 357 795 39 211 4 603 52.3 2008 142 93 288

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 27, 29 November 2002 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.5 13.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 55.7 16.8 Non-agricultural goods 33.6 12.8 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 4.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 63 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 93 542 49 640

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.58

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Netherlands Antilles 3. European Union (27) 4. Taipei, Chinese 5. Brazil

0.2 95.6 3.5 40.4 20.2 8.5 4.0 2.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 708 7 821

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 -1 14

Exports 38 24 94 68

Annual percentage change 2007 8 -6 34

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2003-2005) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 15

Annual percentage change 2007 6 37

2008 5 5 14 0.316 8.7 6.3 68 3-0 ... ... 0 1-2 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 35 8 2008 0.30

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Colombia 3. European Union (27) 4. China 5. Brazil

2000-2008 6 8

Imports 49 31 59 40

16.0 2.5 71.8 26.4 15.0 12.9 9.4 9.0

Annual percentage change 2007 6 25

2008 10 8

2008 0.05

Share in world total imports

2008 0.22

26.6 52.4 21.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.8 20.5 28.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents 14

22

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 742

Trademark registrations by office, 2000 Total 756

Direct residents 9 744

Direct non-residents 8 710

Madrid ...

Total 18 454

BOLIVIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

9 684 16 674 41 431 2 015 1 031 71.4 2008 135 215 166

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 12 September 1995 Trade Policy Review date 2, 3 November 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 40.0 8.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 40.0 9.8 Non-agricultural goods 40.0 8.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 9.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 36 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 6 448 4 987

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.04

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Brazil 2. Korea, Republic of 3. Argentina 4. United States 5. European Union (27)

16.1 76.4 6.7 43.8 11.8 7.1 6.9 6.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 482 1 018

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 96 72 135 109

Annual percentage change 2007 0 3 5

2000-2008 4 10 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 15 23

2000-2008 23 13

2008 6 16 15 0.024 4.5 3.4 18 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 45 44 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Brazil 2. Argentina 3. United States 4. Japan 5. European Union (27)

10.2 10.8 78.9 18.4 14.5 10.5 9.9 8.3

Annual percentage change 2007 5 9

2000-2008 11 11

Imports 114 89 122 96

2008 0 15

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

13.1 57.0 29.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.6 27.6 30.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1995 Residents 8

Non-residents 39

Trademark registrations by office Total 47

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

23

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 773 18 452 31 656 - 2 764 4 294 106.1 2008 153 202 130

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 12.4 Non-agricultural goods 6.0 3.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.0 in non-agricultural goods 26.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 064 12 282

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Croatia 3. Serbia 4. Montenegro 5. Switzerland

12.7 24.6 61.2 55.0 17.2 15.1 3.4 2.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 658 632

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 9 3

Exports 103 79 97 71

Annual percentage change 2007 7 13 14

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2006-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 19

Annual percentage change 2007 25 33

2008 6 8 9 0.1 0.0 3-0 -

2008 22 26 2008 0.07

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Croatia 3. Serbia 4. Turkey 5. China

2000-2008 18 12

Imports 85 61 138 112

17.0 20.2 62.0 48.0 17.1 10.6 5.3 4.6

Annual percentage change 2007 28 29

2008 14 7

2008 0.04

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

19.9 49.8 30.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.4 33.3 23.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 38

24

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 234

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 272

Direct residents 120

Direct non-residents 550

Madrid 3 977

Total 4 647

BOTSWANA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 905 12 969 25 511 2 434 5 458 84.9 2008 137 138 134

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 18.9 7.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 38.8 9.4 Non-agricultural goods 15.7 7.6 0.0 2.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.1 in non-agricultural goods 55.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 19 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 875 5 165

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. South Africa 3. China 4. Zimbabwe 5. Israel

3.1 19.5 74.9 60.4 20.3 4.9 4.5 3.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 992 1 076

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 4 4

Exports 105 81 111 85

Annual percentage change 2007 4 9 14

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 8 12

Annual percentage change 2007 14 32

2008 -1 3 12 0.034 ... ... 36 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -6 28 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Israel 5. United States

2000-2008 16 9

Imports 112 87 120 94

12.7 19.0 65.8 78.6 10.4 2.8 1.7 1.2

Annual percentage change 2007 20 16

2008 8 11

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

8.5 55.7 35.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

42.9 26.1 31.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 595

Total 595

TRADE PROFILES 2009

25

BRAZIL BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

191 972 1 612 539 1 976 632 - 28 192 1 854 26.2 2008 132 183 183

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 9, 11 March 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 31.4 13.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 35.5 10.2 Non-agricultural goods 30.8 14.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 1.8 in non-agricultural goods 31.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 43 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 197 942 182 408 2008 1.23

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Argentina 4. China 5. Japan

31.0 22.2 43.7 23.5 14.0 8.9 8.3 3.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 28 822 44 396

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 8 8

Exports 22 16 31 18

Annual percentage change 2007 6 7 21

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 17 15

Annual percentage change 2007 17 32

2008 5 -1 18 0.897 ... ... 13 4-1 56 1 1 24 - 14 11 - 3 2-2 3-2

2008 23 44 2008 1.11

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Argentina 5. Japan

2000-2008 16 14

Imports 24 16 22 13

5.6 23.9 70.5 20.9 14.9 11.6 7.7 3.9

Annual percentage change 2007 26 28

2008 27 28

Share in world total exports

2008 0.76

Share in world total imports

2008 1.27

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

18.8 20.1 61.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

23.4 24.7 51.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 233

26

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 2 232

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 2 465

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total 128 540

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2006) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

397 11 471 19 540 5 232 27 851 97.2 2007 116 101 135

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 February 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 95.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 25.4 2.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 31.0 0.1 Non-agricultural goods 24.5 2.9 0.3 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 91.7 in non-agricultural goods 67.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 22 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 11 100 2 300

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2007 2 0 4

Exports 82 59 113 87

Annual percentage change 2006 4 4 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 10

Annual percentage change 2007 0 25

2008 a 0.07 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.1 Agricultural products 96.4 Fuels and mining products 3.3 Manufactures By main origin 30.6 1. Malaysia 19.8 2. Singapore 15.1 3. Japan 12.2 4. European Union (27) 6.7 5. United States

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. Indonesia 3. Korea, Republic of 4. Australia 5. United States COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 821 1 128

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2000-2007 23 6

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

51.2 30.1 18.7

2007 1 -10 13 0.039 ... ... 37 4-3 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 45 9 2008 a 0.01

17.2 3.0 79.3 21.6 17.4 12.8 10.8 9.0

Annual percentage change 2006 21 10

2007 a 0.02 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

Imports 143 117 113 87

2007 10 9 2007 a 0.04

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

35.6 39.5 24.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 1997 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents 1 051

Madrid ...

Total 1 051

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2006. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

27

BULGARIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

7 623 49 900 94 476 - 12 577 7 765 147.4 2008 155 209 256

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 December 1996 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 80 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 22 470 37 261

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.14

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Turkey 3. Serbia 4. Russian Federation 5. FYR Macedonia

13.8 32.6 52.3 59.9 8.8 4.7 2.7 2.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 8 000 6 696

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 10 12

Exports 68 57 -

Annual percentage change 2007 6 5 10

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 24

Annual percentage change 2007 23 29

2008 6 14 12 0.142 ... ... 58 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 21 24 2008 0.23

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Ukraine 3. Russian Federation 4. Turkey 5. China

2000-2008 18 19

Imports 58 63 -

8.0 29.6 61.6 62.1 8.0 6.2 6.1 3.3

Annual percentage change 2007 23 34

2008 23 22

2008 0.21

Share in world total imports

2008 0.19

28.9 47.5 23.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.6 35.6 31.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 65

28

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 199

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 264

Direct residents 4 241

Direct non-residents 1 101

Madrid 4 675

Total 10 017

BURKINA FASO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2001) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

15 209 7 948 17 662 - 291 148 35.4 2008 153 178 143

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 3 June 1995 Trade Policy Review date 28, 30 June 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 39.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 41.9 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 98.1 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 13.1 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2004) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 5.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 550 1 800

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 159 133 176 150

Annual percentage change 2007 4 ... ...

2000-2008 5 10 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 6 23

2000-2008 13 14

2008 b 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 72.4 Agricultural products 2.7 Fuels and mining products 6.5 Manufactures By main origin 41.0 1. European Union (27) 16.6 2. Côte d'Ivoire 13.7 3. Togo 10.5 4. Benin 9.4 5. Ghana

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Togo 2. Ghana 3. European Union (27) 4. Côte d'Ivoire 5. Switzerland COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 70 433

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

3.0 74.8 22.2

0.015 15.4 7.3 33 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -12 11

12.5 25.0 62.0 33.3 17.9 11.2 6.8 5.8

2007 b 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 4 ... ...

2008 b 0.01

Annual percentage change 2006 12 10

2000-2007 14 19

Imports 152 126 148 122

2007 -1 14 2007 b 0.01

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

58.4 14.4 27.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006. b Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2004 and by destination/origin refer to 2005. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

29

BURUNDI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

8 074 1 163 3 090 - 223 66 50.9 2008 127 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 2, 4 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 21.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 68.3 12.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 95.1 10.5 Non-agricultural goods 26.6 13.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 0.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 22 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 57 403

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United Arab Emirates 2. Switzerland 3. European Union (27) 4. Kenya 5. Congo, Dem. Rep. of

62.3 15.3 22.4 43.6 15.3 11.7 5.3 4.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 173

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 ... ...

Exports 184 158 190 164

Annual percentage change 2007 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 2 13

Annual percentage change 2007 -9 -26

2008 4 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 13 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 8 26 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Uganda 3. Kenya 4. China 5. India

2000-2008 6 22

Imports 182 156 169 143

10.0 3.0 64.9 40.5 9.6 8.8 7.3 5.0

Annual percentage change 2007 18 -13

2008 -50 3

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

27.3 40.8 31.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

38.6 52.4 9.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 1

30

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 4

Trademark registrations by office, 2002 Total 5

Direct residents 20

Direct non-residents 132

Madrid ...

Total 152

CAMBODIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

14 700 9 574 27 997 - 1 060 836 143.6 2008 201 287 261

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 13 October 2004 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 19.0 14.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 28.1 18.1 Non-agricultural goods 17.7 13.6 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2004) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.3 in non-agricultural goods 6.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 94 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 300 6 600

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 9 16 15

Exports 111 87 99 73

Annual percentage change 2007 10 10 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 15 17

Annual percentage change 2007 16 14

2008 b 0.03 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 2.8 Agricultural products 2.2 Fuels and mining products 94.4 Manufactures By main origin 46.9 1. Hong Kong, China 22.0 2. China 21.2 3. Taipei, Chinese 3.4 4. Thailand 1.5 5. Viet Nam

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Hong Kong, China 3. European Union (27) 4. Canada 5. Viet Nam COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 606 958

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 18 15

Imports 105 80 126 100

2008 5 ... ... 0.034 26.7 2.9 30 2-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 5 22 2008 b 0.04

5.7 14.1 46.9 19.9 16.5 11.8 11.2 8.2

Annual percentage change 2007 21 17

2008 6 8

2008 0.04

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

14.3 76.0 9.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

63.5 11.3 25.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total ...

Direct residents 499

Direct non-residents 1 941

Madrid ...

Total 2 440

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2004.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

31

CAMEROON BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

18 898 23 396 41 860 - 547 570 51.1 2008 133 120 193

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 13 December 1995 Trade Policy Review date 1, 3 October 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 13.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 79.9 17.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 80.0 22.3 Non-agricultural goods 50.0 17.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 46.7 in non-agricultural goods 7.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 3 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 350 4 360

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 110 86 126 100

Annual percentage change 2007 3 -12 6

2000-2008 4 2 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 1 17

2000-2008 11 14

2008 a 0.03 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 26.2 Agricultural products 65.2 Fuels and mining products 3.0 Manufactures By main origin 74.3 1. European Union (27) 6.4 2. Nigeria 3.4 3. China 2.8 4. Equatorial Guinea 0.8 5. United States 2.8 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Congo, Dem. Rep. of 5. Chad Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 552 1 708

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

38.7 37.2 24.1

0.028 ... ... 47 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 21 18

21.5 29.5 49.0 35.0 23.3 6.3 3.5 2.9 0.1

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 4 25 42

2008 a 0.03

Annual percentage change 2007 -14 0

2000-2008 -1 8

Imports 120 94 105 79

2008 16 21 2008 a 0.05

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.7 22.5 27.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2006. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

32

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

CANADA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

33 311 1 400 091 1 213 991 27 281 28 681 70.9 2008 120 104 123

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 21, 23 March 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.5 4.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 14.5 11.5 Non-agricultural goods 5.3 3.7 2.6 2.9 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.9 in non-agricultural goods 55.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 105 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 456 464 418 311 2008 2.84

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Japan 4. China 5. Mexico

11.8 35.3 46.8 77.6 7.5 2.3 2.2 1.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 64 795 86 644

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 1 3

Exports 11 6 20 10

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 7

Annual percentage change 2007 8 9

2008 0 ... ... 3.361 0.8 0.8 16 6-3 38 7 0 32 - 15 14 - 11 6-5 1-3

2008 9 7 2008 2.55

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Mexico 5. Japan

2000-2008 6 9

Imports 11 6 12 6

7.7 16.0 75.5 52.4 12.5 9.8 4.1 3.5

Annual percentage change 2007 8 14

2008 2 6

2008 1.72

Share in world total imports

2008 2.48

18.4 23.6 58.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

23.5 31.5 45.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 1 809

Non-residents 16 741

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 18 550

Direct residents 11 583

Direct non-residents 13 515

Madrid ...

Total 25 098

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

33

CAPE VERDE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

499 1 730 1 747 - 197 3 145 106.0 2008 153 318 229

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 July 2008 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 15.8 10.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.3 12.1 Non-agricultural goods 15.2 10.2 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.7 in non-agricultural goods 40.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 99 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 32 825

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 190 164 128 102

Annual percentage change 2007 7 14 16

2000-2008 5 16 11

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -7 38

2000-2008 14 17

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 14.2 Agricultural products 47.9 Fuels and mining products 37.9 Manufactures By main origin 60.3 1. European Union (27) 30.7 2. Brazil 1.2 3. Japan 1.0 4. Thailand 0.7 5. China 3.8 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Côte d'Ivoire 3. Morocco 4. Brazil 5. United Arab Emirates Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 528 333

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2008 6 13 12 0.015 12.2 3.9 17 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 66 10 2008 a 0.01

30.4 10.9 58.7 78.7 6.2 3.6 1.9 1.6 0.8

Annual percentage change 2007 30 18

2000-2008 23 17

Imports 171 145 157 131

2008 13 17

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

25.2 66.6 8.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.3 42.5 16.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2006 and by destination/origin refer to 2007.

34

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 423 1 970 3 254 ... 140 35.5 2008 106 103 98

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 11, 13 June 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 62.5 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.2 17.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 30.0 21.9 Non-agricultural goods 37.9 17.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2005) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 0.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 17 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 195 310

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 173 147 185 159

Annual percentage change 2007 4 13 13

2000-2008 1 0 0

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 13 23

2000-2008 2 13

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 38.1 Agricultural products 15.7 Fuels and mining products 32.8 Manufactures By main origin 55.9 1. European Union (27) 13.7 2. Cameroon 11.9 3. Congo, Dem. Rep. of 5.0 4. Japan 2.6 5. Congo 5.9 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Switzerland 3. Cameroon 4. Israel 5. Hong Kong, China Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 29 175

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

7.4 56.1 36.5

0.015 ... ... 40 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 10 24

... ... ... 20.8 15.7 6.1 3.9 3.6 41.0

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 3 7 10

2008 a 0.00

Annual percentage change 2007 18 21

2000-2008 16 6

Imports 187 161 168 142

2008 11 20 2008 a 0.01

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.9 30.6 19.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2005. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2001.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

35

CHAD BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

11 067 8 361 16 106 ... 741 110.5 2008 200 522 195

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 19 October 1996 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 January 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 13.5 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 79.9 17.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 80.0 21.9 Non-agricultural goods 75.0 17.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 650 1 830

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 93 2 455

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 106 82 174 148

Annual percentage change 2007 0 -19 -14

2000-2008 9 23 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 7 11

2000-2008 50 25

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

5.0 71.2 23.8

0.015 ... ... 33 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 27 22

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 12 10

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 0 -12 -2

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 20 34

Imports 151 125 88 63

2008 11 19 2008 a 0.07

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

53.0 17.4 29.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2001.

36

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

CHILE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

16 758 169 458 242 398 - 3 440 7 766 80.5 2008 139 159 230

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 7, 9 October 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 25.1 6.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 26.0 6.1 Non-agricultural goods 25.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.3 in non-agricultural goods 0.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 42 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 66 456 61 903

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 6 11

Exports 48 33 48 30

Annual percentage change 2007 5 8 14

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2000-2002) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 17 16

Annual percentage change 2007 15 23

2008 a 0.41 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 23.5 Agricultural products 63.9 Fuels and mining products 12.2 Manufactures By main origin 24.5 1. United States 15.2 2. European Union (27) 12.8 3. China 10.8 4. Brazil 5.9 5. Argentina

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Japan 5. Korea, Republic of COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 10 645 11 143

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 13 12

Imports 45 27 51 33

2008 3 2 13 0.333 6.3 3.8 4 18 - 13 0 ... 0 10 - 13 2-3 0-1 0-1

2008 -2 31 2008 a 0.38

7.4 28.8 55.0 17.0 14.0 11.4 10.5 10.1

Annual percentage change 2007 14 18

2008 20 15

2008 0.28

Share in world total imports

2008 0.32

59.9 16.5 23.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

60.2 12.3 27.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 58

Non-residents 348

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 406

Direct residents 16 992

Direct non-residents 8 775

Madrid ...

Total 25 767

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

37

CHINA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 325 640 3 860 039 7 903 235 426 100 1 796 73.4 2008 217 457 324

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 11 December 2001 Trade Policy Review date 21, 23 May 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 10.0 9.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.8 15.6 Non-agricultural goods 9.1 8.7 0.0 0.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.8 in non-agricultural goods 51.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 93 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 1 428 332 1 132 488 2008 8.89

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Hong Kong, China 4. Japan 5. Korea, Republic of COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

3.0 3.8 93.1 20.5 17.7 13.4 8.1 5.2

Value 2008 146 446 158 004

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 10 21 16

Exports 2 2 5 3

Annual percentage change 2007 13 20 14

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 24 22

Annual percentage change 2007 26 21

2008 9 8 4 5.898 6.6 1.9 16 8-5 110 ... 0 6 - 17 1-4 0-0 0-0

2008 17 18 2008 6.90

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Japan 2. European Union (27) 3. Korea, Republic of 4. Taipei, Chinese 5. China

2000-2008 22 20

Imports 3 3 5 4

7.7 27.1 64.8 13.3 11.7 9.9 9.1 8.2

Annual percentage change 2007 33 29

2008 20 22

2008 3.88

Share in world total imports

2008 4.53

26.2 27.9 45.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

31.9 22.9 45.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 31 945

38

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 36 003

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 67 948

Direct residents 215 161

Direct non-residents 19 159

Madrid 13 877

Total 248 197

COLOMBIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

44 534 242 268 395 663 - 6 713 1 648 35.5 2008 143 153 211

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 April 1995 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 November 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 42.9 12.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 91.8 16.9 Non-agricultural goods 35.4 11.8 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 5.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 57 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 37 626 39 669

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.23

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 3. European Union (27) 4. Ecuador 5. Switzerland

17.8 48.0 31.5 38.0 16.2 12.8 4.0 2.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 967 7 108

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 10

Exports 58 41 74 49

Annual percentage change 2007 8 11 14

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 17

Annual percentage change 2007 23 26

2008 3 8 3 0.194 10.7 7.6 27 4-1 10 ... 0 5-3 0-1 0-0 0-0

2008 25 21 2008 0.24

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Mexico 5. Brazil

2000-2008 9 10

Imports 54 36 62 43

11.5 7.1 80.2 29.2 13.5 11.5 7.9 5.9

Annual percentage change 2007 8 14

2008 11 15

2008 0.11

Share in world total imports

2008 0.20

31.2 46.5 22.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

42.3 24.5 33.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 20

Non-residents 207

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 227

Direct residents 10 635

Direct non-residents 7 504

Madrid ...

Total 18 139

TRADE PROFILES 2009

39

COMOROS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 1995) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

644 530 752 - 19 347 50.9

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100)

2008 118 94 140

TRADE POLICY WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 11.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 5.6 Non-agricultural goods 12.2 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 13 180

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 200 174 180 154

Annual percentage change 2007 0 6 8

2000-2008 2 -1 4

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 31 21

2000-2008 -1 20

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 40.7 Agricultural products 0.3 Fuels and mining products 1.3 Manufactures By main origin 16.1 1. United Arab Emirates 1.3 2. European Union (27) 1.2 3. Pakistan 0.6 4. China 0.3 5. Tanzania 80.0 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Singapore 3. India 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Yemen Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 46 59

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

10.8 63.2 26.0

... ... 1-0 -

2008 0 29

32.1 0.7 40.8 38.6 12.8 4.0 3.7 2.9 25.8

2007 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 1 8 2

2008 a 0.00

Annual percentage change 2006 10 18

2000-2007 3 15

Imports 193 167 183 157

2007 8 10 2007 a 0.00

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

63.7 20.2 16.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2004 and by destination/origin refer to 2007. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2006.

40

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Total ...

CONGO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 615 10 699 14 265 - 2 181 3 655 149.3 2008 136 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 27 March 1997 Trade Policy Review date 27, 29 September 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 16.1 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 27.3 17.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 30.0 21.9 Non-agricultural goods 14.6 17.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 4 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 9 050 2 990

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 364 3 767

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 88 64 142 116

Annual percentage change 2007 -2 ... ...

2000-2008 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2003-2005) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -5 43

2000-2008 18 26

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

4.0 18.0 78.0

0.024 20.0 3.4 49 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 58 5

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 20 45

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 6 ... ...

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 14 23

Imports 138 112 74 51

2008 20 7 2008 a 0.11

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

15.0 4.8 80.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents ...

Non-residents 13

Trademark registrations by office Total 13

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

41

CONGO, DEM. REP. OF BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2002-2004) Trade to GDP ratio (2002-2004)

64 205 11 588 20 638 ... 62 57.4 2008 147 172 347

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1997 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 96.2 12.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 98.1 12.8 Non-agricultural goods 95.9 11.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 12 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 3 950 4 100

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.02

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2004 172 494

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2004 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 7 17

Exports 113 89 140 114

Annual percentage change 2007 6 10 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2000-2002) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 25

Annual percentage change 2007 14 20

2008 6 6 6 0.015 32.6 8.5 38 0-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 49 24 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2004 25 20

Imports 123 97 121 95

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2003 45 12

2004 19 24 2004 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

42

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 1996 Total ...

Direct residents 205

Direct non-residents 374

Madrid ...

Total 579

COSTA RICA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 527 29 834 50 884 - 1 578 6 035 102.8 2008 147 154 159

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 7, 9 May 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 42.8 6.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 42.5 12.5 Non-agricultural goods 42.9 5.4 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 35.9 in non-agricultural goods 30.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 20 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 9 504 15 372

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Nicaragua 5. Hong Kong, China

34.7 2.3 63.0 38.2 17.4 6.3 4.1 4.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 164 1 966

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 87 63 72 47

Annual percentage change 2007 8 10 4

2000-2008 5 6 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 14 12

2000-2008 6 12

2008 3 -1 5 0.086 6.3 1.7 8 6-4 2 1 0 4-0 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 2 19 2008 0.09

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Mexico 4. China 5. Japan

9.6 16.4 73.3 38.2 11.2 6.2 5.7 5.4

Annual percentage change 2007 22 12

2000-2008 10 6

Imports 80 56 99 73

2008 16 9

2008 0.11

Share in world total imports

2008 0.06

9.8 54.1 36.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.7 34.4 32.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

43

CÔTE D’IVOIRE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

20 591 23 414 34 001 488 904 90.1 2008 105 151 128

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 4, 5 July 1995 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 33.1 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 11.1 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 14.9 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 8.6 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 39.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 29 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 10 100 7 150

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$) a

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Nigeria 4. Ghana 5. Burkina Faso

47.4 36.5 11.5 48.0 9.7 6.4 4.6 4.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 845 2 444

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 86 62 118 92

Annual percentage change 2007 2 -10 1

2000-2008 1 5 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 0 15

2000-2008 13 ...

2008 2 7 0 0.062 31.4 10.9 42 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 19 16 2008 0.04

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Nigeria 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Thailand 5. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela

22.3 31.2 46.5 29.3 27.5 6.9 4.5 3.6

Annual percentage change 2007 10 8

2000-2008 9 10

Imports 101 76 89 64

2008 9 8

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

28.2 13.5 58.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

59.4 15.5 25.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Break in series for merchandise: 2001 for imports.

44

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

CROATIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 434 69 332 84 621 - 6 397 12 400 93.3 2008 141 152 180

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 November 2000 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.2 4.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 10.8 10.3 Non-agricultural goods 5.5 4.0 1.8 1.9 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 22.9 in non-agricultural goods 54.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 126 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 14 112 30 728

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.09

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Bosnia and Herzegovina 3. Serbia 4. United States 5. Marshall Islands

13.1 17.2 69.4 60.9 15.4 5.5 2.5 1.4

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 15 164 4 513

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 5 8

Exports 78 56 42 25

Annual percentage change 2007 5 4 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 19

Annual percentage change 2007 19 20

2008 2 2 4 0.167 2.4 1.1 17 4-0 ... ... 0 0-1 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 14 19 2008 0.19

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Bosnia and Herzegovina 5. United States

2000-2008 18 12

Imports 64 42 69 47

9.2 20.3 70.4 64.1 10.4 6.1 2.7 2.1

Annual percentage change 2007 16 11

2008 21 17

2008 0.40

Share in world total imports

2008 0.13

11.8 74.3 13.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

22.9 24.6 52.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 40

Non-residents 107

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 147

Direct residents 955

Direct non-residents 785

Madrid 6 985

Total 8 725

TRADE PROFILES 2009

45

CUBA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

11 247 ... ... ... 1 875 ... 2008 ... ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 20 April 1995 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 30.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 21.3 10.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 37.0 10.9 Non-agricultural goods 9.4 10.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 7.7 in non-agricultural goods 5.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 50 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 3 500 14 500

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 ... ... ...

Exports 114 90 52 33

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 15

Annual percentage change 2007 27 6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 9 129 ...

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.24

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

2000-2008 17 ...

2008 ... ... ... 0.062 ... ... 12 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -12 33 2008 a 0.09

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.02 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 20.0 Agricultural products 54.9 Fuels and mining products 25.1 Manufactures By main origin 12.8 1. European Union (27) 9.8 2. China 3.2 3. United States 1.6 4. Canada 1.2 5. Brazil 62.8 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 2. European Union (27) 3. Russian Federation 4. Bolivia 5. Mexico Unspecified destinations

Imports 82 58 102 76

16.4 30.2 53.2 21.8 13.4 4.5 3.5 3.1 36.7

Annual percentage change 2007 19 5

2008 6 ... 2008 ...

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 37

Non-residents 33

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 70

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2006.

46

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct residents 374

Direct non-residents 673

Madrid 1 614

Total 2 661

CYPRUS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

864 21 277 21 186 - 4 479 25 729 96.8 2007 127 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 25 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 599 10 616

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Lebanon 3. Russian Federation 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Japan Unspecified destinations

20.8 29.3 48.7 49.6 2.7 2.1 1.7 1.7 19.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 10 218 4 572

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2007 4 ... ...

Exports 133 50 -

Annual percentage change 2006 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 7 14

Annual percentage change 2007 5 24

2007 4 ... ... 0.066 ... ... 48 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 15 23 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Israel 3. China 4. Japan 5. United States Unspecified origins

2000-2008 13 14

Imports 88 68 -

13.9 21.4 64.1 66.9 8.0 5.3 2.6 1.7 0.1

Annual percentage change 2007 23 28

2008 23 26

2008 0.27

Share in world total imports

2008 0.13

30.4 27.1 42.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

36.7 34.2 29.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2005 Residents 6

Non-residents 62

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 68

Direct residents 318

Direct non-residents 2 411

Madrid 1 477

Total 4 206

TRADE PROFILES 2009

47

CZECH REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

10 428 216 485 257 696 - 6 631 26 063 151.8 2008 140 218 206

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 86 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 146 321 141 493 2008 0.91

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. United States 4. Switzerland 5. Ukraine

5.5 5.4 89.0 85.2 2.7 1.7 1.4 1.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 22 179 17 256

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 12 11

Exports 30 36 -

Annual percentage change 2007 6 15 14

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 20

Annual percentage change 2007 29 27

2008 3 ... ... 0.695 ... ... 37 28 - 5 143 10 0 82 - 67 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 19 20 2008 0.86

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Russian Federation 4. Japan 5. United States

2000-2008 16 16

Imports 29 38 -

6.5 14.2 79.2 67.0 8.8 6.4 3.3 2.1

Annual percentage change 2007 23 21

2008 29 21

2008 0.59

Share in world total imports

2008 0.49

28.1 34.8 37.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

25.7 26.6 47.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 227

Non-residents 976

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 203

Direct residents 7 316

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

48

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 895

Madrid 4 235

Total 12 446

DENMARK BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 498 342 672 201 249 6 938 58 406 102.9 2008 111 134 155

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 116 759 110 827 2008 0.73

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Norway 3. United States 4. Japan 5. China

20.2 13.3 63.9 68.5 6.0 5.5 2.0 1.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 71 960 62 269

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 4 7

Exports 34 17 -

Annual percentage change 2007 2 4 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 12

Annual percentage change 2007 11 15

2008 -1 ... ... 0.984 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 66 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 14 12 2008 0.67

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Norway 4. United States 5. Russian Federation

2000-2008 15 15

Imports 32 17 -

14.6 9.3 74.7 72.5 5.9 4.7 3.2 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 19 19

2008 17 16

2008 1.90

Share in world total imports

2008 1.78

66.1 9.4 24.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

54.3 15.7 30.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 151

Non-residents 70

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 221

Direct residents 4 055

Direct non-residents 755

Madrid 3 378

Total 8 188

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

49

DJIBOUTI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

848 875 1 814 - 171 877 89.4 2008 131 138 138

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 27 February, 1 March 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 41.0 27.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 48.4 21.1 Non-agricultural goods 39.9 28.8 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 13 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 69 580

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 115 137

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 183 157 169 143

Annual percentage change 2007 4 ... ...

2000-2008 3 6 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 5 41

2000-2008 10 14

2008 4 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 42 0-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 18 23 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 -5 23

2000-2008 7 10

Imports 178 152 172 146

2008 25 39

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

80.8 6.5 12.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

78.4 2.4 19.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

50

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

DOMINICA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

73 364 636 - 90 5 056 108.4 2008 117 63 101

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 94.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 58.7 9.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 112.2 20.5 Non-agricultural goods 50.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 18.5 in non-agricultural goods 13.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 20 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 40 225

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Jamaica 3. Antigua and Barbuda 4. Trinidad and Tobago 5. Guyana

39.1 13.6 47.3 27.1 16.3 15.2 8.8 5.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 101 62

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 187 161 173 147

Annual percentage change 2007 5 ... ...

2000-2008 2 -7 0

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -11 17

2000-2008 -3 5

2008 3 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 35 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 9 15 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Japan 5. Canada

24.5 16.6 58.9 39.7 21.3 9.6 4.3 2.7

Annual percentage change 2007 0 14

2000-2008 2 3

Imports 192 166 185 159

2008 2 7

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

3.7 71.5 24.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.4 17.3 32.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

51

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

9 838 45 790 80 841 - 2 068 2 799 66.4 2008 150 115 125

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 9 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date 24, 26 November 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 34.9 7.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 39.6 12.8 Non-agricultural goods 34.2 6.2 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 60 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 6 949 16 095

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 94 70 65 42

Annual percentage change 2007 8 2 12

2000-2008 5 2 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 8 12

2000-2008 2 7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 883 1 775

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

0.093 10.8 4.1 7 2-2 ... ... 0 0-3 0-1 0-0 0-0

2008 -3 18

12.7 27.7 59.5 44.8 13.4 10.9 6.7 3.9 1.6

Annual percentage change 2007 5 12

2000-2008 6 4

2008 5 3 4

2008 a 0.10

2008 a 0.04 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 10.1 Agricultural products 7.5 Fuels and mining products 81.4 Manufactures By main origin 40.2 1. United States 18.8 2. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 8.8 3. European Union (27) 3.7 4. Mexico 2.4 5. Japan 15.4 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Haiti 4. Korea, Republic of 5. Canada Unspecified destinations

Imports 77 55 103 77

2008 3 5

2008 0.13

Share in world total imports

2008 0.05

7.5 85.9 6.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

66.6 18.6 14.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2001.

52

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

ECUADOR BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

13 479 52 572 107 946 1 598 2 510 71.7 2008 148 147 217

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 21 January 1996 Trade Policy Review date 15, 17 June 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 21.7 11.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 25.6 15.0 Non-agricultural goods 21.2 10.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 2.2 in non-agricultural goods 31.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 66 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 18 511 18 686

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.12

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Peru 4. Chile 5. Panama Unspecified destinations

28.3 63.7 7.6 45.3 11.3 9.2 8.1 4.8 0.4

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 288 2 888

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 10

Exports 72 50 104 78

Annual percentage change 2007 2 -2 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 18 22

Annual percentage change 2007 13 15

2008 6 1 5 0.091 ... ... 23 3-0 ... ... 0 3-3 2-0 2-0 0-1

2008 29 34 2008 0.11

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. China 3. Colombia 4. European Union (27) 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 6 11

Imports 73 51 82 57

9.0 18.5 65.7 14.9 12.2 9.5 8.6 5.0 13.4

Annual percentage change 2007 13 10

2008 19 16

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.08

29.8 59.2 11.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

56.6 18.8 24.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 2

Non-residents 31

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 33

Direct residents 4 928

Direct non-residents 7 253

Madrid ...

Total 12 181

TRADE PROFILES 2009

53

EGYPT BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

81 527 162 818 441 584 412 1 217 72.9 2008 146 358 298

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 June 1995 Trade Policy Review date 26, 28 July 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.8 16.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 96.1 66.4 Non-agricultural goods 27.7 9.2 0.2 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 44 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 23 995 47 540

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.15

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. India 3. United States 4. Saudi Arabia 5. Japan Unspecified destinations

11.5 47.7 34.3 35.3 6.6 4.8 4.6 3.4 6.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 24 674 16 322

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 17 15

Exports 66 46 33 19

Annual percentage change 2007 7 23 29

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 16

Annual percentage change 2007 15 36

2008 7 28 24 0.248 9.5 3.8 33 6-0 28 ... 1 0-4 0-1 0-0 0-0

2008 25 28 2008 0.29

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Saudi Arabia 5. Russian Federation Unspecified origins

2000-2008 12 11

Imports 50 32 41 24

19.7 19.6 57.2 26.7 10.9 8.4 6.1 4.3 0.4

Annual percentage change 2007 24 27

2008 26 25

Share in world total exports

2008 0.65

Share in world total imports

2008 0.47

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.1 43.7 23.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

44.8 17.9 37.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 80

54

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 220

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 300

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 029

Total 3 029

EL SALVADOR BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

6 134 22 115 41 675 - 1 119 2 524 75.6 2008 125 146 150

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 7 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 3, 5 February 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.5 5.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 42.2 12.3 Non-agricultural goods 35.7 4.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 23.3 in non-agricultural goods 61.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 29 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 549 9 755

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Guatemala 2. United States 3. Honduras 4. European Union (27) 5. Nicaragua

20.3 5.2 73.9 23.1 20.3 16.1 10.5 9.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 482 1 958

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 5 5

Exports 107 83 101 75

Annual percentage change 2007 5 4 8

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 9

Annual percentage change 2007 8 14

2008 3 7 5 0.054 7.7 0.3 25 5-4 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 14 12 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Mexico 3. Guatemala 4. European Union (27) 5. China

2000-2008 10 10

Imports 94 69 100 74

16.4 20.1 63.2 30.6 10.1 9.4 7.0 4.3

Annual percentage change 2007 5 15

2008 2 15

2008 0.04

Share in world total imports

2008 0.06

23.7 60.3 16.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.2 31.9 19.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1995 Residents 1

Non-residents 60

Trademark registrations by office, 1997 Total 61

Direct residents 1 303

Direct non-residents 4 157

Madrid ...

Total 5 460

TRADE PROFILES 2009

55

EQUATORIAL GUINEA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 1996) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

659 18 525 22 329 - 344 14 755 69.8 2008 457 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 17.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 21.9 Non-agricultural goods 17.3 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 16 300 3 270

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.10

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 33 1 419

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 75 53 183 157

Annual percentage change 2007 21 ... ...

2000-2008 21 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 24 37

2000-2008 40 28

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2.8 49.9 47.3

... ... 1-0 -

2008 60 18

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 15 33

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 11 ... ...

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 17 13

Imports 133 107 110 84

2008 26 26 2008 a 0.04

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

17.0 3.5 79.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2000.

56

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

ERITREA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2000) Trade per capita (US$, 2000-2002) Trade to GDP ratio (2000-2002)

4 996 1 654 3 158 - 105 175 100.8 2008 116 81 81

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Non-member and non-observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 10.0 Non-agricultural goods 7.6 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 17 530

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 196 169 157 131

Annual percentage change 2007 1 -2 -2

2000-2008 2 -3 -3

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 43 3

2000-2008 -9 1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2002 118 25

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

18.2 64.2 17.6

... ... 1-0 -

2008 13 4

25.9 15.9 12.2 10.5 6.3

2002 b 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

-

46.5 1.7 51.7

Annual percentage change 2001 109 18

2000-2002 48 3

2008 2 ... ...

2008 b 0.00

2008 b 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 65.0 Agricultural products 2.5 Fuels and mining products 32.5 Manufactures By main origin 36.1 1. European Union (27) 19.4 2. United States 12.4 3. United Arab Emirates 7.2 4. Saudi Arabia 2.9 5. India

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Sudan 3. Singapore 4. India 5. Russian Federation

Imports 181 155 189 163

2002 4 -9 2002 b 0.00

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

27.6 49.5 22.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2003. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2000.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

57

ESTONIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 341 23 089 27 701 - 2 192 24 337 162.0 2008 165 163 190

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 13 November 1999 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 103 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 12 451 16 028

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) a Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

2008 0.08

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. United States 4. Norway 5. Ukraine

14.7 16.3 68.7 63.4 15.1 5.7 3.0 1.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 5 048 3 352

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 6 8

Exports 79 64 -

Annual percentage change 2007 6 0 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 14 17

2008 -4 -1 -8 0.088 ... ... 32 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 13 2 2008 0.10

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Belarus 5. Japan

2000-2008 17 18

Imports 79 77 -

12.7 17.4 69.4 59.7 10.1 5.7 3.8 3.1

Annual percentage change 2007 25 26

2008 16 11

2008 0.13

Share in world total imports

2008 0.10

39.6 24.0 36.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

38.8 23.6 37.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 13

Non-residents 1 043

a Break in series for merchandise: 2004.

58

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 056

Direct residents 876

Direct non-residents 302

Madrid 2 991

Total 4 169

ETHIOPIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

80 713 26 487 70 069 - 1 822 125 48.2 2008 187 220 226

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 17.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 22.4 Non-agricultural goods 16.6 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.1 in non-agricultural goods 22.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 602 7 700

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Saudi Arabia 3. United States 4. Switzerland 5. China

85.5 0.5 9.0 35.0 7.7 7.2 6.2 5.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 770 2 371

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 10 11

Exports 132 107 93 67

Annual percentage change 2007 11 10 4

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2001-2002) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 25

Annual percentage change 2007 24 20

2008 11 3 7 49.8 17.0 1-0 -

2008 25 34 2008 0.05

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. Saudi Arabia 4. United Arab Emirates 5. India

2000-2008 21 22

Imports 99 74 90 65

13.9 12.8 73.2 20.2 18.7 14.2 8.4 7.3

Annual percentage change 2007 33 50

2008 50 37

2008 0.05

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

59.2 21.1 19.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

68.1 6.6 25.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents ...

Non-residents 1

Trademark registrations by office, 1995 Total 1

Direct residents 239

Direct non-residents 103

Madrid ...

Total 342

TRADE PROFILES 2009

59

EUROPEAN UNION (27) BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

496 754 16 847 194 14 817 619 - 373 591 8 523 27.9 2008 117 144 144

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 1 924 912 2 282 239 2008 15.91

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Russian Federation 3. Switzerland 4. China 5. Turkey COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

6.6 8.7 81.4 19.1 8.0 7.6 6.0 4.1

Value 2008 743 195 620 710 2008 26.86

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

26.3 14.6 59.2

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 5 5

Exports 1 1

Annual percentage change 2007 3 5 5

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 12 12

Annual percentage change 2007 17 16

2008 1 2 1 0.6 1.2 28 27 - 4 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 13 16 2008 18.33

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. United States 3. Russian Federation 4. Norway 5. Switzerland

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 1 1

7.6 33.5 56.4 16.0 12.0 11.2 5.9 5.2

Annual percentage change 2007 22 19

2008 11 13 2008 23.90

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

26.1 22.7 51.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents -

60

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents -

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total -

Direct residents 39 910

Direct non-residents 17 170

Madrid 12 046

Total 69 126

FIJI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

839 3 527 3 676 - 715 4 352 114.3 2008 109 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 14 January 1996 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 March 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 52.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 41.8 11.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 47.2 23.7 Non-agricultural goods 40.0 9.9 0.3 2.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.6 in non-agricultural goods 5.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 1 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 923 2 266

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 149 123 120 94

Annual percentage change 2007 -7 ... ...

2000-2008 1 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 11 0

2000-2008 6 13

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 733 497

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.6 58.6 7.8

18.5 6.2 34 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 22 26

34.2 22.8 17.7 3.3 3.2

2007 a 0.02 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

0.015

17.1 31.2 42.9

Annual percentage change 2006 -6 2

2000-2007 9 6

2008 0 ... ...

2008 a 0.01

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.01 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 49.1 Agricultural products 27.0 Fuels and mining products 19.5 Manufactures By main origin 18.6 1. Singapore 15.5 2. Australia 14.7 3. New Zealand 13.3 4. China 6.9 5. United States

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Singapore 2. European Union (27) 3. United States 4. Australia 5. New Zealand

Imports 144 118 143 117

2007 -1 -3 2007 a 0.02

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

57.8 19.7 22.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

61

FINLAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 313 271 282 188 219 10 121 39 327 86.0 2008 125 140 146

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 99 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 96 455 91 781

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.60

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. United States 4. China 5. Norway

6.2 10.6 78.0 55.9 11.6 6.3 3.1 3.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 24 229 23 119

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 5 6

Exports 37 34 -

Annual percentage change 2007 4 5 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 13

Annual percentage change 2007 17 18

2008 1 ... ... 0.639 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 7 12 2008 0.56

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. United States 5. Norway

2000-2008 15 14

Imports 35 35 -

8.4 24.8 65.5 54.3 16.3 7.0 3.0 2.6

Annual percentage change 2007 32 19

2008 5 5

2008 0.64

Share in world total imports

2008 0.66

14.6 12.9 72.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

25.7 18.9 55.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 643

Non-residents 278

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 921

Direct residents 2 352

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

62

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 474

Madrid 2 837

Total 5 663

FRANCE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

62 048 2 853 062 2 112 426 - 52 910 23 010 55.2 2008 114 120 134

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 605 403 705 577 2008 3.77

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. China 5. Russian Federation COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

12.6 7.5 77.7 63.6 5.9 3.0 2.2 1.7

Value 2008 160 464 139 359

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 3 4

Exports 6 4 -

Annual percentage change 2007 2 3 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 8 10

Annual percentage change 2007 11 14

2008 0 ... ... 4.716 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 67 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 10 14 2008 4.30

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Russian Federation 5. Switzerland

2000-2008 9 11

Imports 5 6 -

9.3 19.5 70.4 60.3 6.5 5.5 2.9 2.3

Annual percentage change 2007 15 15

2008 11 8

2008 4.25

Share in world total imports

2008 3.99

25.6 34.3 40.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

30.1 30.2 39.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 9 748

Non-residents 2 364

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 12 112

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 6 381

Total 6 381

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

63

FYR MACEDONIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

2 038 9 521 20 460 - 1 210 4 832 124.0 2008 124 129 134

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 4 April 2003 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.2 7.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.2 13.7 Non-agricultural goods 6.3 6.8 1.3 1.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 19.1 in non-agricultural goods 56.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 3 978 6 852

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 3 4

Exports 112 88 112 86

Annual percentage change 2007 6 12 15

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 15 16

Annual percentage change 2007 40 39

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 992 970

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 17 18

2008 5 10 5 0.024 ... ... 26 6-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 19 31 2008 a 0.04

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.02 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 12.9 Agricultural products 9.1 Fuels and mining products 77.7 Manufactures By main origin 65.1 1. European Union (27) 19.1 2. Russian Federation 4.9 3. Serbia 2.6 4. China 2.2 5. Turkey

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Serbia 3. Croatia 4. Bosnia and Herzegovina 5. Albania

Imports 104 79 125 99

11.9 26.0 62.1 49.5 12.3 8.6 4.6 3.7

Annual percentage change 2007 37 37

2008 24 30

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

33.0 23.0 43.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.8 14.0 44.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2004 Residents 23

Non-residents 83

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

64

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 106

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 4 675

Total 4 675

GABON BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2005) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 448 14 435 21 037 1 983 7 898 94.8 2008 119 87 168

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 1, 3 October 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 21.4 17.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 60.0 21.8 Non-agricultural goods 15.5 17.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 2.0 in non-agricultural goods 7.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 15 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 8 700 2 450

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 90 66 164 138

Annual percentage change 2007 6 4 22

2000-2008 2 -2 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 21 16

2000-2008 16 13

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 149 1 467

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

22.0 7.7 70.3

... ... 36 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 32 23

66.9 7.3 3.5 3.0 2.6

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

0.024

17.0 5.0 77.3

Annual percentage change 2007 13 18

2000-2008 -2 7

2008 2 0 13

2008 a 0.01

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.05 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 8.3 Agricultural products 87.6 Fuels and mining products 4.0 Manufactures By main origin 58.4 1. European Union (27) 12.1 2. United States 10.6 3. Cameroon 5.3 4. Japan 2.6 5. China

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Singapore 5. Switzerland

Imports 142 116 109 83

2008 16 18 2008 a 0.04

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

31.4 26.9 41.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2006. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2005.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

65

GAMBIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

1 660 782 2 262 - 53 321 93.8 2008 148 99 97

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 October 1996 Trade Policy Review date 4, 6 February 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 13.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 102.0 19.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 103.5 18.9 Non-agricultural goods 56.1 19.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 23.0 in non-agricultural goods 1.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 111 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 14 329

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. India 3. Senegal 4. Singapore 5. United Arab Emirates

63.7 15.4 20.9 42.8 17.4 17.4 4.8 4.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 114 77

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 199 173 167 141

Annual percentage change 2007 6 7 9

2000-2008 5 0 0

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 9 24

2000-2008 -1 7

2008 6 9 -1 0.015 ... ... 33 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 11 3 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Côte d'Ivoire 5. Brazil

31.9 20.7 47.4 42.1 10.9 10.8 8.9 4.3

Annual percentage change 2006 16 107

2000-2007 9 3

Imports 186 160 182 156

2007 24 -18

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

17.4 65.3 17.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

47.2 9.6 43.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

66

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

GEORGIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 364 12 793 21 370 - 2 851 2 028 87.1 2008 179 161 201

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 14 June 2000 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.4 1.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.6 8.3 Non-agricultural goods 6.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 41.8 in non-agricultural goods 98.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 125 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 498 6 058

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Turkey 3. Azerbaijan 4. Ukraine 5. Canada

18.3 23.2 51.7 22.3 17.6 13.7 9.0 8.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 159 1 152

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 6 9

Exports 135 109 107 81

Annual percentage change 2007 12 10 22

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 31

Annual percentage change 2007 25 42

2008 2 5 9 0.020 3.7 1.3 14 8-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 21 16 2008 0.04

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Turkey 3. Ukraine 4. Azerbaijan 5. Russian Federation

2000-2008 24 23

Imports 108 83 118 92

15.9 20.0 63.5 27.4 15.1 10.8 10.0 7.0

Annual percentage change 2007 22 27

2008 19 32

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

53.2 38.5 8.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

55.7 17.7 26.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 38

Non-residents 33

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 71

Direct residents 301

Direct non-residents 638

Madrid 3 699

Total 4 638

TRADE PROFILES 2009

67

GERMANY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

82 140 3 652 824 2 925 220 243 550 34 994 87.4 2008 110 163 140

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 1 461 853 1 203 787 2008 9.10

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. China 5. Russian Federation COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

6.0 5.8 86.2 63.7 7.2 4.0 3.4 3.2

Value 2008 241 590 283 028

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 7 5

Exports 1 3 -

Annual percentage change 2007 2 8 5

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 12

Annual percentage change 2007 19 16

2008 1 ... ... 8.802 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 11 14 2008 7.33

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Russian Federation 5. Switzerland

2000-2008 15 10

Imports 2 2 -

9.0 18.9 70.6 58.5 7.2 5.6 4.4 3.8

Annual percentage change 2007 18 16

2008 11 11

2008 6.39

Share in world total imports

2008 8.11

24.4 16.6 59.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

23.0 32.4 44.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 12 977

Non-residents 4 762

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 17 739

Direct residents 51 749

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

68

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 2 785

Madrid 6 104

Total 60 638

GHANA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

23 351 16 123 33 907 - 2 151 698 109.3 2008 153 133 178

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 28, 30 January 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 14.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 92.5 13.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 97.1 17.4 Non-agricultural goods 34.7 12.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 1.6 in non-agricultural goods 33.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 30 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 275 10 261

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. India 4. Malaysia 5. United States

49.3 15.8 7.8 44.0 26.4 5.3 3.2 2.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 579 1 977

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 101 77 100 74

Annual percentage change 2007 6 3 9

2000-2008 5 4 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 13 20

2000-2008 15 17

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

19.4 56.3 24.3

0.042 20.0 6.8 33 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 26 27

14.0 13.4 60.8 27.8 11.7 8.7 7.7 4.3

Annual percentage change 2007 28 25

2008 a 0.04 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 6 5 9

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Nigeria 4. United States 5. India

2000-2008 16 18

Imports 90 65 98 72

2008 -2 9 2008 a 0.06

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

47.3 30.9 21.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

69

GREECE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

11 238 356 796 329 963 - 51 312 14 961 53.5 2008 138 118 132

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 25 242 79 049

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.16

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Turkey 4. FYR Macedonia 5. Russian Federation Unspecified destinations

23.2 20.2 53.9 64.0 5.1 3.6 2.6 2.4 2.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 50 377 24 392

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 2 4

Exports 65 23 -

Annual percentage change 2007 4 6 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 11

Annual percentage change 2007 14 20

2008 3 ... ... 0.483 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 67 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 7 4 2008 0.48

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 5. Turkey Unspecified origins

2000-2008 13 11

Imports 42 34 -

13.2 14.8 71.8 54.9 7.3 5.5 3.3 2.8 1.4

Annual percentage change 2007 21 24

2008 17 23

2008 1.33

Share in world total imports

2008 0.70

56.2 34.6 9.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

56.3 16.1 27.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 355

Non-residents 3 890

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 4 245

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

70

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 688

Total 3 688

GRENADA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

106 638 901 - 222 5 400 97.7 2008 121 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 22 February 1996 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 56.8 10.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 101.0 16.9 Non-agricultural goods 50.0 9.2 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 15.5 in non-agricultural goods 12.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 19 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 31 363

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Dominica 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. Saint Lucia 5. Barbados

58.6 0.3 41.1 16.4 16.3 16.1 11.2 9.4

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 145 109

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 191 165 165 139

Annual percentage change 2007 15 ... ...

2000-2008 2 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 32 22

2000-2008 -5 5

2008 2 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 41 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -9 0 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 5. Japan

23.1 20.0 56.9 30.9 24.9 10.7 7.0 3.6

Annual percentage change 2007 14 10

2000-2008 0 3

Imports 184 158 176 150

2008 -1 5

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

8.3 74.4 17.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

47.2 10.0 42.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

71

GUATEMALA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

13 676 38 977 65 100 - 1 862 1 706 66.2 2008 135 128 148

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 21 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 4, 6 February 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 42.2 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 9.9 Non-agricultural goods 40.8 4.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 30.0 in non-agricultural goods 59.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 20 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 7 738 14 549

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) a Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

2008 0.05

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. El Salvador 3. Honduras 4. Mexico 5. European Union (27)

41.8 11.3 46.9 39.4 12.6 9.5 6.6 5.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 649 2 125

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 3 5

Exports 93 69 98 72

Annual percentage change 2007 6 11 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 15 14

2008 4 8 12 0.067 12.1 3.4 16 3-2 ... ... 0 7-2 2-2 0-0 0-0

2008 12 7 2008 0.09

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Mexico 3. European Union (27) 4. China 5. El Salvador

2000-2008 11 13

Imports 81 57 96 70

13.8 20.8 65.1 36.7 9.7 6.6 5.8 4.7

Annual percentage change 2007 15 15

2008 2 5

2008 0.04

Share in world total imports

2008 0.06

11.4 64.8 23.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

54.3 28.5 17.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 3

Non-residents 107

a Break in series for merchandise: 2002.

72

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 110

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents 4 184

Madrid ...

Total 4 184

GUINEA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

9 833 4 266 11 839 - 456 235 60.3 2008 132 123 102

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 25 October 1995 Trade Policy Review date 12, 14 october 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 38.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 20.1 11.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 39.7 14.2 Non-agricultural goods 10.0 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 9 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 360 1 600

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Switzerland 3. Russian Federation 4. United States 5. Canada

5.0 52.6 10.4 49.6 19.5 10.6 6.7 4.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 44 248

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 139 113 182 156

Annual percentage change 2007 2 6 2

2000-2008 4 3 0

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 7 26

2000-2008 9 13

2008 8 8 8 0.015 ... ... 37 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 19 33 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Australia 5. Brazil

16.2 39.5 44.2 53.5 6.7 5.2 3.9 2.9

Annual percentage change 2006 6 14

2000-2007 7 4

Imports 155 129 160 134

2007 29 12

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

13.6 0.4 86.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

38.9 11.7 49.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

73

GUINEA-BISSAU BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2004) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

1 575 430 847 14 170 76.7 2008 94 135 105

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 48.6 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 40.0 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 50.0 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 98 160

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$) b

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 181 155 187 161

Annual percentage change 2007 1 5 9

2000-2008 -1 4 1

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 15 7

2000-2008 6 ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 11 48

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

12.7 71.4 15.9

... ... 40 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 15 18

46.9 40.9 7.0 2.4 1.6

2007 c 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

0.015

... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2006 -15 -5

2000-2007 13 8

2008 3 ... ...

2008 c 0.00

2008 c 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) ... Agricultural products ... Fuels and mining products ... Manufactures By main origin 86.6 1. European Union (27) 12.1 2. Senegal 0.8 3. Thailand 0.2 4. China 0.2 5. Gambia

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. India 2. Singapore 3. European Union (27) 4. Panama 5. Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of

Imports 196 170 186 160

2007 187 21 2007 c 0.00

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

56.9 39.3 3.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Break in series for merchandise: 2001 for imports. c Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2005. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2006.

74

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

GUYANA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

763 1 158 1 940 - 166 2 398 197.2 2008 102 99 98

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 8, 10 July 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 56.7 10.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 21.7 Non-agricultural goods 50.0 9.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 37.4 in non-agricultural goods 16.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 19 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 799 1 300

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Canada 3. United States 4. Ukraine 5. Jamaica

47.0 24.5 9.1 30.1 22.5 17.4 5.4 4.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 173 273

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 154 128 155 129

Annual percentage change 2007 -2 ... ...

2000-2008 0 0 -1

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 19 19

2000-2008 6 11

2008 3 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 26 3-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 14 23 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Trinidad and Tobago 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. Netherlands Antilles 5. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela

15.2 39.8 44.9 29.0 26.6 7.9 6.5 5.6

Annual percentage change 2006 0 22

2000-2007 0 5

Imports 161 135 158 132

2007 17 11

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

5.0 29.2 65.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

31.4 21.1 47.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2002 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2002.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

75

HAITI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

9 780 6 953 11 509 - 80 297 46.0 2008 104 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 January 1996 Trade Policy Review date 4, 6 November 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 89.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 18.7 2.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 21.3 5.7 Non-agricultural goods 18.3 2.4 9.3 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 16 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 490 2 148

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

8.0 0.0 92.0 ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 193 558

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 ... ...

Exports 162 136 156 130

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 10

Annual percentage change 2007 3 13

2008 1 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 26 1-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -6 16 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 3 9

Imports 147 121 145 119

30.7 28.8 40.5 ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 2 30

2008 27 17 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1999 Residents ...

76

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 7

Trademark registrations by office, 1999 Total 7

Direct residents 82

Direct non-residents 812

Madrid ...

Total 894

HONDURAS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

7 242 14 077 28 709 - 1 225 2 280 131.1 2008 148 158 163

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 29 September, 1 October 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 32.6 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 32.3 10.7 Non-agricultural goods 32.6 4.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 32.4 in non-agricultural goods 61.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 17 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 6 046 10 389

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 6 6

Exports 97 73 114 88

Annual percentage change 2007 6 4 8

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 8 13

Annual percentage change 2007 6 17

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 902 1 203

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 8 7

2008 4 3 2 0.035 7.4 1.5 17 3-2 ... ... 0 6-0 2-0 0-0 0-0

2008 8 21 2008 a 0.06

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.04 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 26.6 Agricultural products 4.3 Fuels and mining products 56.7 Manufactures By main origin 42.8 1. United States 20.3 2. Guatemala 9.2 3. European Union (27) 8.1 4. Mexico 4.4 5. El Salvador

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Guatemala 4. El Salvador 5. Mexico

Imports 89 64 115 89

11.4 16.2 58.9 40.0 8.3 6.6 6.0 4.4

Annual percentage change 2007 9 6

2008 23 17

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

5.8 68.8 25.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

60.0 28.6 11.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2002 Residents 6

Non-residents 41

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 47

Direct residents 1 119

Direct non-residents 4 147

Madrid ...

Total 5 266

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

77

HONG KONG, CHINA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

6 978 215 355 306 487 30 532 119 905 406.5 2008 143 188 176

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 13, 15 December 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 45.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 0.0 0.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 0.0 Non-agricultural goods 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 in non-agricultural goods 100.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 68 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 370 242 392 962 2008 2.30

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. United States 4. Japan 5. Taipei, Chinese

1.8 2.0 94.0 48.2 13.7 12.5 4.2 2.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 92 318 45 849

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 8 7

Exports 13 8 12 6

Annual percentage change 2007 6 8 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 8 8

Annual percentage change 2007 8 10

2008 2 3 2 2.846 0.6 0.0 4 1-1 ... ... 0 1-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 6 6 2008 2.39

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. Japan 3. European Union (27) 4. Singapore 5. Taipei, Chinese

2000-2008 11 8

Imports 13 7 20 11

4.2 5.8 88.8 46.1 10.0 7.6 6.4 6.3

Annual percentage change 2007 16 15

2008 9 8

2008 2.44

Share in world total imports

2008 1.31

30.8 16.5 52.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.5 34.6 32.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 57

78

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 4 782

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 4 839

Direct residents 6 324

Direct non-residents 13 070

Madrid ...

Total 19 394

HUNGARY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

10 038 154 668 194 023 - 12 980 21 402 158.8 2008 131 221 204

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 102 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 107 709 107 910 2008 0.67

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. United States 4. Ukraine 5. Croatia

8.1 5.2 84.8 78.3 3.6 2.3 2.0 1.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 19 958 18 469

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 10 9

Exports 36 37 -

Annual percentage change 2007 1 16 13

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 18 16

Annual percentage change 2007 27 22

2008 1 5 5 0.607 ... ... 33 28 - 5 143 10 0 86 - 67 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 13 13 2008 0.66

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Japan 5. United States

2000-2008 17 19

Imports 33 37 -

5.8 15.3 77.5 68.3 9.3 5.6 2.6 1.8

Annual percentage change 2007 28 33

2008 18 20

2008 0.53

Share in world total imports

2008 0.53

19.9 30.2 49.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

19.7 21.9 58.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 112

Non-residents 525

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 637

Direct residents 3 127

Direct non-residents 884

Madrid 4 380

Total 8 391

TRADE PROFILES 2009

79

ICELAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

317 16 658 11 656 - 6 607 48 730 85.3 2008 134 148 158

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 7, 9 June 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 95.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 23.5 7.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 109.1 40.5 Non-agricultural goods 9.6 2.3 3.1 2.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 67.0 in non-agricultural goods 79.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 113 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 382 6 205

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Japan 4. Norway 5. China

38.6 41.1 19.0 76.2 5.6 4.4 4.4 2.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 134 2 498

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 6 7

Exports 100 76 86 60

Annual percentage change 2007 4 18 -1

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 12

Annual percentage change 2007 38 9

2008 0 ... ... 0.046 1.0 0.8 46 19 - 7 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 13 -7 2008 0.04

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Norway 3. United States 4. China 5. Australia

2000-2008 11 10

Imports 107 82 87 62

10.0 24.8 64.5 53.6 11.2 8.0 6.6 4.4

Annual percentage change 2007 24 16

2008 -3 -15

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

43.7 27.1 29.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.2 44.2 23.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 11

Non-residents 127

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 138

Direct residents 630

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

80

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 739

Madrid 3 044

Total 4 413

INDIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 139 965 1 217 490 3 388 473 - 9 415 467 47.6 2008 179 256 302

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 May 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 73.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 49.0 13.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 114.2 32.2 Non-agricultural goods 34.7 10.1 5.3 5.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 6.8 in non-agricultural goods 9.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 37 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 177 499 293 374 2008 1.10

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. United Arab Emirates 4. China 5. Singapore COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) a Commercial services imports (million US$) a

12.0 24.4 63.2 21.6 11.8 10.5 5.6 4.9

Value 2008 102 648 83 599

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 12 15

Exports 27 19 9 5

Annual percentage change 2007 9 8 8

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2002-2004) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 20 24

Annual percentage change 2007 22 25

2008 7 0 0 1.243 19.5 10.9 39 8-1 169 ... 0 18 - 20 9-6 1-0 0-1

2008 21 35 2008 1.79

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Saudi Arabia 5. United Arab Emirates

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 16 10 13 7

4.0 45.6 43.3 13.9 10.0 7.8 7.3 6.2

Annual percentage change 2007 23 22

2008 17 18

2008 2.72

Share in world total imports

2008 2.40

10.8 11.5 77.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.5 11.5 39.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 1 907

Non-residents 5 632

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 7 539

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total 109 361

a Break in series for commercial services: 2004, 2005.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

81

INDONESIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2001-2003) Trade to GDP ratio (2001-2003)

228 249 514 389 907 264 606 562 60.4 2008 150 181 197

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 27, 29 June 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 37.1 6.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 47.1 8.5 Non-agricultural goods 35.6 6.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 37.5 in non-agricultural goods 66.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 45 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 139 278 126 160 2008 0.87

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. European Union (27) 3. United States 4. Singapore 5. China

23.6 36.3 37.8 20.2 11.3 9.5 9.4 8.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2003 5 143 17 171

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 8 9

Exports 31 21 43 26

Annual percentage change 2007 6 9 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2001-2003) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 14

Annual percentage change 2007 14 15

2008 6 9 10 0.742 4.6 2.0 56 4-2 20 ... 1 4-4 2-4 1-0 0-0

2008 18 36 2008 0.77

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Singapore 2. China 3. Japan 4. European Union (27) 5. Malaysia

2000-2003 1 4

Imports 30 20 32 20

10.6 28.5 60.9 16.9 11.8 11.7 8.2 6.9

Annual percentage change 2002 22 8

2003 -21 2

2003 0.28

Share in world total imports

2003 0.96

16.6 78.5 4.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

28.1 18.0 54.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 16

82

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 615

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 631

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total 24 677

IRAN, ISLAMIC REP. OF BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2000) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

71 956 385 143 839 438 12 481 2 421 57.7 2008 158 136 250

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 26.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 28.9 Non-agricultural goods 25.6 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 0.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 113 401 57 411

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 4 12

Exports 35 23 59 37

Annual percentage change 2007 8 3 5

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 19 19

Annual percentage change 2007 15 10

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 6 763 12 011

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 21 24

2008 6 1 7 21.1 7.2 2-0 -

2008 28 28 2008 a 0.35

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.71 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 3.2 Agricultural products 84.2 Fuels and mining products 9.9 Manufactures By main origin 23.9 1. European Union (27) 22.5 2. China 19.8 3. India 2.9 4. Japan 2.9 5. Malaysia 0.3 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. Taipei, Chinese 3. European Union (27) 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Iraq Unspecified destinations

Imports 48 30 49 32

13.7 9.7 70.5 9.0 6.0 3.7 2.6 0.8 74.8

Annual percentage change 2007 8 14

2008 10 13

2008 0.18

Share in world total imports

2008 0.34

44.3 23.6 32.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

22.7 56.4 20.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2001 Residents 529

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 529

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 221

Total 3 221

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

83

IRAQ BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 1999) GDP (million current US$, 2003) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

23 901 12 602 ... 2 681 ... ... 2004 74 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY WTO accession date Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods Agricultural goods (AOA) Non-agricultural goods Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) in non-agricultural goods Services sectors with GATS commitments

Observer Applied ... ... ... ... ... ... -

MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 59 700 31 200

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.37

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Taipei, Chinese 3. European Union (27) 4. Japan 5. Syrian Arab Republic

0.1 97.7 0.0 33.7 29.6 17.4 2.3 0.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 353 5 030

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 53 38 137 111

Annual percentage change 2003 -41 ... ...

2000-2004 -7 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 30 3

2000-2008 14 11

2004 46 ... ... ... ... 2-0 -

2008 51 45 2008 0.19

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

11.9 0.7 26.5 ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2005 ... ...

2000-2006 ... ...

Imports 62 41 60 41

2006 2 -7

2006 0.01

Share in world total imports

2006 0.19

57.8 40.8 1.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

51.3 7.8 40.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 28

84

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 18

Trademark registrations by office Total 46

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

IRELAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 460 281 776 197 111 - 12 686 85 122 146.6 2008 143 135 131

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 124 101 83 177 2008 0.77

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. Japan 5. China COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

10.0 2.2 84.6 62.3 19.3 3.0 2.0 1.9

Value 2008 99 235 106 189

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 5

Exports 33 11 -

Annual percentage change 2007 6 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 6

Annual percentage change 2007 12 15

2008 -2 ... ... 1.253 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 68 33 - 25 4-4 4-3

2008 2 -1 2008 0.51

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Norway 5. Japan

2000-2008 24 17

Imports 39 8 -

10.7 13.2 69.5 63.6 11.7 6.8 2.3 2.0

Annual percentage change 2007 30 20

2008 12 12

2008 2.63

Share in world total imports

2008 3.04

3.8 6.5 89.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2.6 10.0 87.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 261

Non-residents 53

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 314

Direct residents 1 114

Direct non-residents 970

Madrid 2 539

Total 4 623

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

85

ISRAEL BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

7 308 199 498 201 323 1 596 20 114 85.4 2008 128 133 124

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 21 April 1995 Trade Policy Review date 1, 3 February 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 75.1 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 22.0 6.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 73.3 17.9 Non-agricultural goods 11.2 5.1 5.9 4.7 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 67.3 in non-agricultural goods 76.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 58 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 60 825 67 656

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.38

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Hong Kong, China 4. India 5. Turkey Unspecified destinations

3.5 2.3 92.7 32.6 29.0 6.8 3.8 2.6 3.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 23 763 19 600

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 4 3

Exports 52 37 35 20

Annual percentage change 2007 5 9 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 9 8

Annual percentage change 2007 16 17

2008 4 ... ... 0.478 1.0 0.7 34 7-0 4 ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 12 15 2008 0.41

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Switzerland 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 6 7

Imports 44 26 36 22

7.5 21.2 67.1 34.5 12.3 6.5 6.1 3.4 17.0

Annual percentage change 2007 10 20

2008 13 11

2008 0.63

Share in world total imports

2008 0.56

22.2 15.3 62.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

34.8 17.5 47.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 372

Non-residents 2 117

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 2 489

Direct residents 2 112

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

86

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 5 517

Madrid ...

Total 7 629

ITALY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

59 855 2 293 008 1 840 902 - 78 029 20 323 57.9 2008 107 115 122

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 538 028 554 909 2008 3.35

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. Russian Federation 5. Turkey Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

7.5 6.9 84.2 57.9 6.3 4.0 2.9 2.0 1.5 Value 2008 121 890 131 748

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 2 3

Exports 7 8 -

Annual percentage change 2007 1 5 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 11

Annual percentage change 2007 20 16

2008 -1 ... ... 3.866 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 8 8 2008 3.38

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 4. United States 5. Switzerland Unspecified origins

2000-2008 10 12

Imports 8 7 -

10.8 25.2 63.0 53.1 6.3 3.8 3.1 3.0 6.3

Annual percentage change 2007 13 21

2008 10 11

2008 3.23

Share in world total imports

2008 3.78

14.4 37.9 47.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

23.3 23.4 53.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 5 257

Non-residents 1 251

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 6 508

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 6 620

Total 6 620

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

87

JAMAICA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

2 689 15 068 20 720 - 1 744 4 930 98.6 2008 113 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 9 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date 17, 19 January 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 49.6 7.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 97.1 17.9 Non-agricultural goods 42.4 5.9 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 29.2 in non-agricultural goods 46.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 48 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 703 8 549

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.02

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Canada 4. Russian Federation 5. Iceland

13.1 76.1 10.1 40.3 29.8 10.6 5.2 3.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 735 2 341

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 ... ...

Exports 118 93 80 54

Annual percentage change 2007 1 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 13

Annual percentage change 2007 9 14

2008 -1 ... ... 0.044 9.3 4.0 19 2-2 1 ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 25 32 2008 0.05

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4. European Union (27) 5. China

2000-2008 4 7

Imports 98 73 92 67

12.9 42.9 44.2 39.4 17.5 11.6 6.0 3.8

Annual percentage change 2007 2 12

2008 3 6

2008 0.07

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

16.2 72.4 11.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

47.6 11.5 40.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 9

88

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 34

Trademark registrations by office, 2002 Total 43

Direct residents 287

Direct non-residents 1 208

Madrid ...

Total 1 495

JAPAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

127 704 4 909 272 4 354 550 156 632 12 252 34.3 2008 111 146 126

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 18, 20 February 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.4 5.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 24.0 23.6 Non-agricultural goods 2.5 2.6 3.5 6.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 46.8 in non-agricultural goods 82.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 112 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 782 047 762 589 2008 4.87

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. China 3. European Union (27) 4. Korea, Republic of 5. Taipei, Chinese COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

1.1 4.8 88.6 17.8 16.0 14.1 7.6 5.9

Value 2008 146 440 167 443

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 6 4

Exports 4 4 6 4

Annual percentage change 2007 2 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 9

Annual percentage change 2007 10 7

2008 -1 ... ... 5.299 1.0 1.4 10 10 - 10 2 1 0 13 - 15 9-7 1-1 0-1

2008 9 23 2008 4.64

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. Saudi Arabia 5. Australia

2000-2008 10 6

Imports 4 4 4 3

10.6 42.8 44.9 18.8 10.4 9.2 6.7 6.2

Annual percentage change 2007 10 11

2008 15 13

2008 3.88

Share in world total imports

2008 4.80

32.0 7.4 60.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

32.2 16.7 51.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 145 040

Non-residents 19 914

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 164 954

Direct residents 79 828

Direct non-residents 10 183

Madrid 5 023

Total 95 034

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

89

JORDAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 906 20 013 31 200 - 2 425 4 464 149.1 2008 165 186 179

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 11 April 2000 Trade Policy Review date 10, 12 November 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 16.3 10.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 23.7 18.1 Non-agricultural goods 15.2 9.8 0.1 0.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.6 in non-agricultural goods 45.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 110 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 7 785 16 942

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.05

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Iraq 2. India 3. United States 4. Saudi Arabia 5. United Arab Emirates Unspecified destinations

13.8 8.6 76.0 16.5 16.5 13.5 7.0 4.7 8.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 291 3 913

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 8 8

Exports 92 68 69 44

Annual percentage change 2007 7 1 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 19 18

Annual percentage change 2007 10 18

2008 6 7 10 0.071 12.0 3.3 13 5-2 ... ... 1 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 36 24 2008 0.10

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Saudi Arabia 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United States 5. Egypt Unspecified origins

2000-2008 13 13

Imports 75 53 72 49

18.0 24.6 55.1 21.6 20.9 10.4 4.6 4.3 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 16 17

2008 30 18

2008 0.11

Share in world total imports

2008 0.11

19.5 68.6 12.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

57.0 25.7 17.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1997 Residents 44

90

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 1997 Total 44

Direct residents 2 159

Direct non-residents 1 926

Madrid ...

Total 4 085

KAZAKHSTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

15 675 132 229 177 354 6 978 6 359 92.9 2008 204 162 186

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.2 Non-agricultural goods 4.9 8.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.7 in non-agricultural goods 46.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 71 172 37 889

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.44

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Switzerland 3. China 4. Russian Federation 5. Israel

4.5 80.9 13.8 42.9 15.9 10.8 8.7 3.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 936 10 794

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 9 6 8

Exports 43 29 75 50

Annual percentage change 2007 9 9 26

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 30 29

Annual percentage change 2007 25 38

2008 3 1 9 4.5 2.1 8-0 -

2008 49 16 2008 0.23

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Russian Federation 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Ukraine 5. United States

2000-2008 20 25

Imports 57 39 52 34

8.4 15.9 73.4 36.4 22.7 12.1 5.6 5.1

Annual percentage change 2007 25 32

2008 21 -5

2008 0.10

Share in world total imports

2008 0.31

56.9 25.7 17.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

21.9 9.5 68.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2003 Residents 1 251

Non-residents 115

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 366

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 613

Total 3 613

TRADE PROFILES 2009

91

KENYA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

38 534 34 507 61 267 - 1 978 442 59.4 2008 141 155 197

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 October 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 14.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 95.7 12.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 19.9 Non-agricultural goods 54.1 11.5 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 36.0 in non-agricultural goods 69.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 40 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 972 11 074

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Uganda 3. Tanzania 4. United States 5. Egypt

55.8 6.8 37.4 31.4 10.8 7.5 5.7 3.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 520 1 663

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 6 9

Exports 104 80 82 56

Annual percentage change 2007 7 6 13

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 17

Annual percentage change 2007 17 24

2008 4 -4 8 0.045 8.2 4.1 37 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 22 23 2008 0.07

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United Arab Emirates 3. India 4. China 5. South Africa

2000-2008 17 12

Imports 87 63 106 80

13.0 29.3 57.7 27.7 13.1 10.3 7.3 5.3

Annual percentage change 2007 22 20

2008 5 12

2008 0.07

Share in world total imports

2008 0.05

51.0 29.9 19.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

51.7 16.0 32.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 7

92

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 17

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 24

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 564

Total 1 564

KOREA, REPUBLIC OF BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

48 607 929 121 1 358 037 - 6 349 18 249 90.5 2008 141 212 187

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 8, 10 October 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 94.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 17.0 12.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 59.3 49.0 Non-agricultural goods 10.2 6.6 0.5 0.6 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 1.5 in non-agricultural goods 27.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 98 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 422 007 435 275

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 10 8

Exports 12 7 16 9

Annual percentage change 2007 5 13 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 12 13

Annual percentage change 2007 14 15

2008 a 2.63 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 1.8 Agricultural products 11.3 Fuels and mining products 86.5 Manufactures By main origin 22.1 1. China 15.1 2. Japan 12.4 3. United States 7.1 4. European Union (27) 5.0 5. Saudi Arabia

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. United States 4. Japan 5. Hong Kong, China COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 74 107 91 768

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 12 14

Imports 10 5 10 5

2008 2 6 4 2.589 4.8 1.9 20 6-3 31 ... 0 13 - 13 9-8 0-1 0-1

2008 14 22 2008 a 2.65

6.1 40.3 53.3 17.7 15.8 10.5 10.3 5.9

Annual percentage change 2007 28 21

2008 20 12

2008 1.96

Share in world total imports

2008 2.63

58.8 12.2 29.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

40.5 18.7 40.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 91 645

Non-residents 32 060

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 123 705

Direct residents 48 266

Direct non-residents 12 095

Madrid 2 809

Total 63 170

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

93

KUWAIT BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2006) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

2 728 112 116 121 068 64 741 40 369 88.9 2006 159 121 142

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 100.0 4.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 5.2 Non-agricultural goods 100.0 4.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 61 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 87 090 24 874

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 39 25 49 31

Annual percentage change 2005 11 ... ...

2000-2006 8 5 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 12 18

2000-2008 21 17

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 10 301 12 149

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

0.259 66.8 2.3 41 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 39 22

16.6 4.3 76.2 28.5 11.5 11.3 8.5 6.0 0.2

Annual percentage change 2007 21 19

2000-2008 26 14

2006 6 ... ...

2008 b 0.15

2008 b Share in world total imports 0.54 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.3 Agricultural products 95.2 Fuels and mining products 4.5 Manufactures By main origin 0.8 1. European Union (27) 0.6 2. China 0.5 3. United States 0.4 4. Japan 0.3 5. Saudi Arabia 94.5 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United Arab Emirates 2. India 3. Saudi Arabia 4. United States 5. Qatar Unspecified destinations

Imports 67 45 48 31

2008 13 16

2008 0.27

Share in world total imports

2008 0.35

37.4 2.5 60.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

35.3 62.3 2.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2004 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2004. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

94

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

KYRGYZ REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 278 4 420 11 549 - 631 1 030 147.1 2008 145 143 264

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 20 December 1998 Trade Policy Review date 9, 11 October 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.5 4.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.0 7.8 Non-agricultural goods 6.7 4.2 0.5 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 31.6 in non-agricultural goods 47.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 138 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 642 4 072

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 15

Exports 131 106 116 90

Annual percentage change 2007 8 25 31

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 28

Annual percentage change 2007 43 41

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 884 988

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 41 27

2008 8 ... ... 0.015 16.7 3.1 34 9-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 45 68 2008 b 0.02

2008 b Share in world total imports 0.01 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 19.8 Agricultural products 40.2 Fuels and mining products 27.7 Manufactures By main origin 20.7 1. Russian Federation 19.9 2. China 18.0 3. Kazakhstan 10.4 4. European Union (27) 7.6 5. Uzbekistan

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Russian Federation 2. Switzerland 3. Kazakhstan 4. Afghanistan 5. Uzbekistan

Imports 124 98 124 98

13.7 34.8 51.5 40.5 14.7 12.9 9.4 5.0

Annual percentage change 2007 86 27

2008 35 71

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

16.6 58.2 25.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.5 30.8 19.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 84

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 84

Direct residents 36

Direct non-residents 246

Madrid 3 005

Total 3 287

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

95

LAO PEOPLE’S DEM. REP. BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

6 205 5 195 13 243 107 494 83.2 2008 170 15 15

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 9.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.5 Non-agricultural goods 8.2 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 095 1 302

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 299 229

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 -21 -21

Exports 144 118 149 123

Annual percentage change 2007 8 -5 25

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 12

Annual percentage change 2007 5 0

2008 8 12 6 ... ... 4-1 -

2008 19 22 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2007 10 15

Imports 160 134 164 138

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2006 -3 18

2007 54 25

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

10.1 77.9 12.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

76.8 3.7 19.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

96

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2003 Total ...

Direct residents 45

Direct non-residents 675

Madrid ...

Total 720

LATVIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

2 266 33 783 38 750 - 4 354 12 332 102.1 2008 175 186 249

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 10 February 1999 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 121 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 10 112 16 090

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Norway 4. Belarus 5. Peru

27.1 7.4 65.4 73.0 10.0 2.6 2.2 1.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 508 3 169

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 9 14

Exports 85 68 -

Annual percentage change 2007 10 12 17

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 24 22

Annual percentage change 2007 35 33

2008 -5 ... ... 0.068 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 22 5 2008 0.10

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Belarus 4. China 5. Switzerland

2000-2008 19 21

Imports 78 79 -

15.0 16.7 68.0 75.9 10.6 3.3 2.3 1.1

Annual percentage change 2007 39 37

2008 24 18

2008 0.12

Share in world total imports

2008 0.09

51.3 17.8 30.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

25.8 36.1 38.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 81

Non-residents 39

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 120

Direct residents 965

Direct non-residents 407

Madrid 3 452

Total 4 824

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

97

LEBANON BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 139 28 660 47 891 - 3 056 10 211 166.2 2008 141 251 158

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.5 Non-agricultural goods 4.9 6.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 454 16 754

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) a Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 108 84 38 21

Annual percentage change 2007 8 7 9

2000-2008 4 12 6

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 27 27

2000-2008 ... 13

2008 b 0.03 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 12.3 Agricultural products 17.6 Fuels and mining products 68.7 Manufactures By main origin 10.6 1. European Union (27) 8.2 2. United States 5.3 3. China 5.2 4. Egypt 3.7 5. Turkey 39.5 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Switzerland 3. United Arab Emirates 4. Syrian Arab Republic 5. Saudi Arabia Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 18 928 13 392

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2008 8 30 10 9.7 1.7 3-0 -

2008 25 37 2008 b 0.10

13.8 16.9 69.3 28.4 7.1 5.0 4.2 3.0 25.0

Annual percentage change 2007 12 14

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 76 54 45 28

2008 46 34

2008 0.50

Share in world total imports

2008 0.38

2.6 38.0 59.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

14.2 26.6 59.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Break in series for merchandise: 2001 for exports. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

98

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

LESOTHO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

2 017 1 622 3 202 212 1 143 149.8 2008 135 223 267

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 78.6 7.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 200.0 9.4 Non-agricultural goods 60.0 7.5 0.0 2.6 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 80 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 900 2 040

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 11 13

Exports 150 124 177 151

Annual percentage change 2007 5 4 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 19 12

Annual percentage change 2007 16 16

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 5.0 Agricultural products 0.0 Fuels and mining products 94.9 Manufactures By main origin 68.5 1. South Africa 17.6 2. Taipei, Chinese 9.9 3. Hong Kong, China 2.8 4. China 0.6 5. European Union (27)

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. South Africa 3. European Union (27) 4. Switzerland 5. Canada COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 68 88

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 9 12

Imports 148 122 178 152

2008 4 -22 8 0.015 ... ... 38 4-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 12 17 2008 a 0.01

... ... ... 78.2 6.3 5.7 4.0 2.3

Annual percentage change 2006 15 -15

2007 34 18

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

1.0 63.0 36.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

78.5 18.5 3.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 1

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 931

Total 931

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2004.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

99

LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2004-2006) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

6 277 99 926 96 675 28 454 6 999 101.9 2008 141 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 0.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 Non-agricultural goods 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 63 050 11 500

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 50 35 127 101

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

2000-2008 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 20 28

2000-2008 21 15

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 385 2 324

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... 2-0 -

2008 34 48

19.9 2.0 78.1 47.2 25.0 8.3 7.5 3.3

Annual percentage change 2005 19 21

2000-2006 22 19

2008 7 ... ...

2008 a 0.07

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.39 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.0 Agricultural products 98.3 Fuels and mining products 1.7 Manufactures By main origin ... 1. European Union (27) ... 2. Monaco ... 3. Japan ... 4. Korea, Republic of ... 5. China

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

Imports 86 62 83 58

2006 -8 9

2006 0.01

Share in world total imports

2006 0.09

33.2 49.4 17.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.9 28.7 20.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2004.

100

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

LITHUANIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 358 47 341 63 217 - 5 703 14 619 127.3 2008 176 222 259

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 2001 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 110 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 23 632 30 923

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) b Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) b

2008 0.15

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Belarus 4. Ukraine 5. United States

17.7 26.5 55.8 60.4 16.0 4.5 3.3 3.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 710 4 114

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 12 15

Exports 67 66 -

Annual percentage change 2007 9 4 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 21 26

2008 3 ... ... 0.122 ... ... 38 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 38 27 2008 0.19

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. United States 5. Belarus

2000-2008 21 26

Imports 63 71 -

12.3 30.2 57.2 57.5 30.1 2.5 1.7 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 11 33

2008 18 25

2008 0.12

Share in world total imports

2008 0.12

59.5 28.4 12.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.4 36.4 15.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 44

Non-residents 25

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 69

Direct residents 2 145

Direct non-residents 556

Madrid 3 729

Total 6 430

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Break in series for merchandise: 2004.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

101

LUXEMBOURG BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

488 54 257 38 337 2 980 292 754 288.4 2008 132 151 149

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 25 385 31 592

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.16

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. China 5. Russian Federation Unspecified destinations

5.3 4.6 89.0 85.4 2.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 68 909 40 664

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 64 19 -

Annual percentage change 2007 4 6 5

2000-2008 4 6 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -2 4

2000-2008 15 14

2008 -1 ... ... 0.391 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 13 15 2008 0.19

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Switzerland 4. Canada 5. Hong Kong, China Unspecified origins

8.5 19.1 72.3 89.3 2.4 0.9 0.6 0.5 4.4

Annual percentage change 2007 30 26

2000-2008 17 15

Imports 61 26 -

2008 5 7

2008 1.82

Share in world total imports

2008 1.17

6.1 6.5 87.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

4.9 9.6 85.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 11

Non-residents 35

Trademark registrations by office Total 46

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

102

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

MACAO, CHINA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

526 18 599 31 271 5 863 51 629 150.3 2008 291 305 245

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 30 April, 2 May 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 26.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 0.0 0.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 0.0 Non-agricultural goods 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 in non-agricultural goods 100.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 25 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 997 5 365

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Hong Kong, China 3. China 4. European Union (27) 5. Taipei, Chinese Unspecified destinations

3.1 12.2 84.7 39.9 19.7 12.3 9.9 1.4 9.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 18 081 3 253

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 14 15 12

Exports 125 100 40 23

Annual percentage change 2007 25 28 22

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 -3 11

Annual percentage change 2007 -1 18

2008 13 15 -2 0.075 0.0 0.0 2 1-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -21 0 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. Hong Kong, China 4. Macao, China 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 24 19

Imports 110 85 78 54

13.2 14.0 72.8 35.9 15.2 9.3 7.9 7.7 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 37 46

2008 25 22

2008 0.48

Share in world total imports

2008 0.09

2.3 96.1 1.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

8.1 17.2 74.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents ...

Non-residents 63

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 63

Direct residents 392

Direct non-residents 4 664

Madrid ...

Total 5 056

TRADE PROFILES 2009

103

MADAGASCAR BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2005) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

19 111 8 970 20 046 - 554 256 65.4 2008 133 136 192

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 17 November 1995 Trade Policy Review date 2, 4 April 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 29.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 27.4 12.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 30.0 14.7 Non-agricultural goods 25.3 12.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.5 in non-agricultural goods 38.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 340 4 040

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. South Africa 5. Singapore Unspecified destinations

27.8 10.5 61.6 61.1 21.9 3.1 1.5 1.4 3.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 874 1 159

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 4 8

Exports 141 115 117 91

Annual percentage change 2007 6 25 22

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 18

Annual percentage change 2007 26 46

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

29.5 31.7 38.8

0.015 ... ... 24 0-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 8 53

10.7 12.9 71.8 21.4 21.0 8.0 6.1 5.0 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 55 73

2008 a 0.02 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 7 3 16

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Bahrain 4. South Africa 5. United States Unspecified origins

2000-2008 14 14

Imports 125 99 117 91

2008 10 55 2008 a 0.03

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.0 10.6 46.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 7

Non-residents 21

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

104

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 28

Direct residents 439

Direct non-residents 419

Madrid ...

Total 858

MALAWI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2002) Trade per capita (US$, 2004-2006) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

14 278 4 269 11 948 - 201 126 57.7 2008 135 52 118

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 February 2002 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 31.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 75.9 13.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 121.4 15.5 Non-agricultural goods 42.4 12.6 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 25.6 in non-agricultural goods 27.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 33 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 770 1 650

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. South Africa 3. United States 4. Switzerland 5. Korea, Republic of

88.3 0.1 11.5 45.3 10.1 5.7 4.1 3.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 80 222

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 -8 2

Exports 156 130 172 146

Annual percentage change 2007 9 -1 -4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 9 15

Annual percentage change 2007 31 14

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

39.8 55.9 4.3

0.015 ... ... 27 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 8 20

17.2 13.8 69.0 26.6 20.3 10.8 5.8 5.3

Annual percentage change 2005 4 5

2006 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 10 -5 -5

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. South Africa 2. Mozambique 3. European Union (27) 4. Tanzania 5. Switzerland

2000-2006 15 5

Imports 154 128 159 133

2006 86 0 2006 a 0.01

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

67.4 22.3 10.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2003 Residents ...

Non-residents 2

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 2

Direct residents 96

Direct non-residents 274

Madrid ...

Total 370

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2005.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

105

MALAYSIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

26 993 194 927 383 709 28 931 13 911 205.9 2008 148 145 152

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 16, 18 January 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 83.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 25.7 8.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 83.4 14.7 Non-agricultural goods 14.9 8.0 2.8 0.7 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 74.3 in non-agricultural goods 78.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 73 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 199 516 156 896 2008 1.24

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Singapore 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. Japan 5. China

13.9 20.0 65.1 14.7 12.5 11.3 10.8 9.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 29 336 29 081

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 6

Exports 21 15 30 17

Annual percentage change 2007 6 4 5

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2001-2003) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 9 8

Annual percentage change 2007 10 12

2008 5 ... ... 1.202 5.4 1.0 29 5-3 12 ... 0 1-1 1-0 1-0 0-0

2008 13 7 2008 0.96

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. Japan 3. European Union (27) 4. Singapore 5. United States

2000-2008 10 7

Imports 28 19 31 19

8.5 16.0 72.8 12.8 12.5 11.8 10.9 10.8

Annual percentage change 2007 30 18

2008 4 5

2008 0.78

Share in world total imports

2008 0.83

23.2 47.7 29.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

38.8 21.8 39.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 338

Non-residents 6 645

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 6 983

Direct residents 8 108

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

106

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 17 382

Madrid ...

Total 25 490

MALDIVES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

310 1 260 1 709 - 423 7 049 200.0 2008 182 138 146

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 15, 17 January 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.1 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.9 20.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 48.2 18.3 Non-agricultural goods 35.1 20.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 12.8 in non-agricultural goods 0.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 331 1 388

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Thailand 2. European Union (27) 3. Sri Lanka 4. Japan 5. Iran, Islamic Rep. of

37.6 0.6 0.0 49.0 31.0 9.5 2.9 2.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 671 342

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 165 139 121 95

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

2000-2008 8 8 10

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 1 18

2000-2008 15 17

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

4.6 94.2 1.2

0.015 71.9 12.5 29 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 45 27

19.0 25.4 55.5 21.3 18.0 11.5 10.4 7.7

Annual percentage change 2007 13 17

2008 b 0.02 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 6 ... ...

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Singapore 2. United Arab Emirates 3. European Union (27) 4. India 5. Malaysia

2000-2008 9 15

Imports 158 132 156 130

2008 8 29 2008 b 0.01

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

51.9 34.7 13.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2004 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2004. b Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

107

MALI BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

12 711 8 740 14 333 - 581 326 65.0 2008 155 175 143

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 28, 30 June 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 40.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 28.5 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 59.2 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 13.4 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods 11.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 2 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 650 2 550

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. South Africa 2. Senegal 3. European Union (27) 4. Côte d'Ivoire 5. Switzerland

20.6 2.0 6.4 72.5 6.8 2.7 2.6 2.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 359 774

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 130 105 141 115

Annual percentage change 2007 3 3 3

2000-2008 6 8 5

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -2 20

2000-2008 15 15

2008 5 ... ... 0.015 13.9 5.9 35 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 8 17 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Senegal 3. Côte d'Ivoire 4. China 5. United States

16.9 21.0 62.0 26.1 17.2 10.4 10.2 6.6

Annual percentage change 2006 15 15

2000-2007 21 13

Imports 141 115 131 105

2007 23 15

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

7.2 61.5 31.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

58.7 17.7 23.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

108

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

MALTA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

411 7 449 9 444 - 445 31 684 174.7 2007 112 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 12 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 797 4 587

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.02

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Singapore 3. United States 4. Hong Kong, China 5. Japan

6.8 1.0 91.1 44.4 13.6 9.0 6.6 5.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 714 2 252

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2007 2 ... ...

Exports 117 77 -

Annual percentage change 2006 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 2 4

Annual percentage change 2007 10 11

2007 4 ... ... 0.042 ... ... 35 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 -9 -4 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Singapore 3. China 4. Switzerland 5. United States

2000-2008 17 15

Imports 117 93 -

14.7 15.4 68.8 69.7 5.9 3.1 2.2 2.2

Annual percentage change 2007 28 29

2008 10 0

2008 0.10

Share in world total imports

2008 0.06

14.1 25.8 60.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

13.8 19.1 67.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 4

Non-residents 313

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 317

Direct residents 333

Direct non-residents 723

Madrid ...

Total 1 056

TRADE PROFILES 2009

109

MAURITANIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 1998) Trade per capita (US$, 2004-2006) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

3 200 2 858 6 016 77 811 119.3 2007 139 215 ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 11, 13 September 2002 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 39.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 19.7 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 37.7 10.1 Non-agricultural goods 10.5 12.1 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 33.7 in non-agricultural goods 10.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 3 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 750 1 750

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Switzerland 4. Japan 5. Russian Federation Unspecified destinations

10.7 70.2 0.0 47.5 7.8 7.4 5.4 1.3 28.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 87 406

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 128 103 171 145

Annual percentage change 2006 12 118 ...

2000-2007 5 12 ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 5 30

2000-2008 22 18

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

0.0 8.3 91.7

0.015 ... ... 41 0-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 22 15

26.9 32.9 33.6 42.1 11.2 4.9 4.4 3.3 11.6

Annual percentage change 2005 53 46

2006 a 0.00 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2007 2 5 ...

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Brazil 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2006 19 16

Imports 153 127 141 115

2006 9 7 2006 a 0.02

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

30.1 3.7 66.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by services items refer to 2002.

110

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

MAURITIUS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

1 269 8 651 15 327 - 974 7 826 135.3 2008 140 137 129

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 17.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 93.8 2.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 119.6 4.2 Non-agricultural goods 19.1 2.7 0.0 2.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 72.8 in non-agricultural goods 88.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 27 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 399 4 666

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Madagascar 4. South Africa 5. United Arab Emirates Unspecified destinations

29.3 0.9 58.5 60.5 5.8 5.1 3.1 2.7 13.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 530 1 910

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 4 3

Exports 121 96 81 55

Annual percentage change 2007 5 5 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 11

Annual percentage change 2007 -4 7

2008 5 5 3 0.033 ... ... 30 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 7 20 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. India 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. South Africa 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 11 12

Imports 116 91 101 75

23.6 22.6 53.8 23.9 22.1 11.5 8.1 4.1 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 32 19

2008 15 22

2008 0.07

Share in world total imports

2008 0.05

17.6 57.5 24.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.9 23.6 42.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1998 Residents ...

Non-residents 3

Trademark registrations by office, 1998 Total 3

Direct residents 129

Direct non-residents 368

Madrid ...

Total 497

TRADE PROFILES 2009

111

MEXICO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

106 350 1 085 951 1 541 584 - 15 725 5 643 58.3 2008 121 142 152

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 11, 13 February 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 36.1 12.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 44.2 22.9 Non-agricultural goods 34.9 11.1 0.9 0.7 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 16.8 in non-agricultural goods 31.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 77 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 291 729 323 151 2008 1.82

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Canada 4. Brazil 5. Colombia

6.0 19.8 72.8 80.3 5.9 2.4 1.2 1.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 18 474 24 701

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 4 5

Exports 16 11 39 22

Annual percentage change 2007 3 6 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 7 7

Annual percentage change 2007 9 10

2008 2 1 4 2.007 ... ... 25 14 - 10 65 2 0 21 - 14 6-6 0-1 0-1

2008 7 9 2008 1.97

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Japan 5. Korea, Republic of

2000-2008 4 5

Imports 14 8 33 21

8.4 12.4 77.5 49.2 12.7 11.2 5.3 4.4

Annual percentage change 2007 7 4

2008 5 6

2008 0.49

Share in world total imports

2008 0.71

12.5 71.9 15.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

14.0 34.5 51.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 201

112

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 9 756

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 9 957

Direct residents 33 816

Direct non-residents 20 633

Madrid ...

Total 54 449

MOLDOVA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 633 6 048 10 628 - 1 015 1 727 137.2 2008 163 260 301

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 26 July 2001 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.0 4.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 13.6 11.2 Non-agricultural goods 6.0 3.7 1.1 1.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 26.2 in non-agricultural goods 72.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 147 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 591 4 899

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Ukraine 4. Belarus 5. Kazakhstan

37.8 5.2 56.0 51.5 19.7 9.0 5.8 2.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 831 779

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 13 15

Exports 134 108 119 93

Annual percentage change 2007 3 10 13

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 26

Annual percentage change 2007 28 37

2008 7 12 13 0.016 6.4 1.7 27 5-0 ... ... 1 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 19 33 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Ukraine 3. Russian Federation 4. China 5. Turkey

2000-2008 23 19

Imports 115 90 134 108

13.8 23.4 61.1 43.0 17.1 13.6 6.6 4.7

Annual percentage change 2007 34 30

2008 32 31

2008 0.02

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

45.8 24.4 29.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.7 35.2 23.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 262

Non-residents 6

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 268

Direct residents 792

Direct non-residents 467

Madrid 4 071

Total 5 330

TRADE PROFILES 2009

113

MONGOLIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

2 632 5 259 9 388 222 1 554 128.5 2008 178 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 29 January 1997 Trade Policy Review date 15, 17 March 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 17.6 5.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 18.9 5.1 Non-agricultural goods 17.3 5.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 1.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 37 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 539 3 616

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 ... ...

Exports 120 95 122 96

Annual percentage change 2007 10 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 25

Annual percentage change 2007 22 43

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 571 631

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 34 22

2008 9 ... ... 0.015 7.8 3.1 22 0-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 34 71 2008 a 0.02

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.02 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 9.9 Agricultural products 63.6 Fuels and mining products 2.2 Manufactures By main origin 74.2 1. Russian Federation 9.5 2. China 5.6 3. European Union (27) 3.4 4. Korea, Republic of 3.0 5. Japan

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. Canada 3. European Union (27) 4. United States 5. Russian Federation

Imports 129 103 137 111

12.1 26.2 60.9 34.3 31.1 9.2 5.6 5.1

Annual percentage change 2006 18 10

2007 18 23

2007 0.02

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

38.3 53.7 8.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.2 33.9 15.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 91

Non-residents 83

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

114

TRADE PROFILES 2007

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 174

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 711

Total 1 711

MONTENEGRO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

622 4 521 8 682 ... 7 325 123.5 2008 148 148 148

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 4.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 11.1 Non-agricultural goods 4.0 1.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 784 2 918

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 5

Exports 155 129 108 82

Annual percentage change 2007 11 10 10

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 11 48

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 104 514

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 ... ...

2008 7 8 8 ... ... 2-0 -

2008 -13 5 2008 a 0.02

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.00 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 14.0 Agricultural products 41.8 Fuels and mining products 41.5 Manufactures By main origin ... 1. ... ... 2. ... ... 3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. ...

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

Imports 140 114 147 121

17.8 24.1 47.7 ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 76 16

2008 20 61

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

18.2 68.8 13.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

29.0 6.9 64.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 849

Total 3 849

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2007

115

MOROCCO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

31 229 86 329 137 048 - 4 713 1 991 81.2 2008 149 179 183

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 24, 26 June 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 41.3 21.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 54.5 42.4 Non-agricultural goods 39.2 18.3 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.4 in non-agricultural goods 1.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 45 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 20 145 41 752

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 8 8

Exports 70 48 45 27

Annual percentage change 2007 3 5 15

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 17

Annual percentage change 2007 20 33

2008 a 0.13 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 16.3 Agricultural products 18.6 Fuels and mining products 58.9 Manufactures By main origin 72.4 1. European Union (27) 3.8 2. United States 3.2 3. China 2.4 4. Saudi Arabia 1.3 5. Russian Federation

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. India 3. Brazil 4. United States 5. Russian Federation COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 12 374 5 482

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 20 17

Imports 52 34 65 45

2008 6 5 6 0.163 9.1 5.5 36 6-1 ... ... 1 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 31 30 2008 a 0.25

13.8 26.7 56.6 51.9 6.1 5.9 5.5 5.0

Annual percentage change 2007 24 27

2008 8 21

2008 0.33

Share in world total imports

2008 0.16

18.3 58.2 23.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.5 19.9 30.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 128

Non-residents 571

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

116

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 699

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 4 192

Total 4 192

MOZAMBIQUE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

21 781 9 735 18 630 - 975 313 80.8 2008 187 305 132

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 26 August 1995 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 13.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 97.5 10.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 100.0 13.8 Non-agricultural goods 6.6 9.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 11.4 in non-agricultural goods 12.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 17 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 653 3 804

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.02

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. South Africa 3. Zimbabwe 4. China 5. Malawi Unspecified destinations

14.5 78.4 4.5 62.6 10.0 3.1 1.9 1.8 12.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 488 901

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 15 4

Exports 119 94 134 108

Annual percentage change 2007 7 -8 -2

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 28 16

Annual percentage change 2007 1 6

2008 6 7 11 0.020 ... ... 39 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 10 25 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. Bahrain 4. United States 5. China Unspecified origins

2000-2008 5 9

Imports 128 102 130 104

16.2 22.5 52.2 29.1 27.4 6.7 4.0 3.9 2.6

Annual percentage change 2007 14 12

2008 21 10

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

32.3 38.9 28.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

40.0 23.1 36.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 155

Total 1 155

TRADE PROFILES 2009

117

MYANMAR BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2007) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2007) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2004-2006) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

49 190 19 618 63 854 802 136 52.8 2006 184 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 17.4 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 83.3 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 102.5 8.7 Non-agricultural goods 21.1 5.1 0.1 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 6 937 4 288

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.04

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

34.1 51.6 14.2 ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 256 547

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 95 71 146 120

Annual percentage change 2005 11 ... ...

2000-2006 11 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 38 29

2000-2008 20 8

2006 11 ... ... 0.028 ... ... 24 3-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 9 29 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2005 2 9

2000-2006 -9 10

Imports 122 96 136 110

2006 8 13

2006 0.01

Share in world total imports

2006 0.02

50.8 18.1 31.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

46.5 6.8 46.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

118

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

NAMIBIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

2 114 8 564 13 409 747 3 316 81.9 2008 146 79 89

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 19.2 7.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 41.2 9.4 Non-agricultural goods 15.7 7.6 0.0 2.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 26.3 in non-agricultural goods 48.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 3 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 804 4 020

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.02

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. Angola 4. Canada 5. United States

38.4 39.3 22.2 31.8 28.8 8.6 7.1 5.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 528 592

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 -3 -1

Exports 116 92 129 103

Annual percentage change 2007 4 1 24

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 13

Annual percentage change 2007 10 22

2008 3 -47 -49 0.021 ... ... 37 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -4 14 2008 0.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. India 4. China 5. United States

2000-2008 12 8

Imports 126 100 140 114

17.1 17.0 65.8 67.8 15.8 3.5 3.3 2.0

Annual percentage change 2007 15 20

2008 -9 17

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

19.8 72.5 7.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.7 19.3 39.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 116

Total 1 116

TRADE PROFILES 2009

119

NEPAL BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

28 582 12 615 31 791 733 175 46.2 2008 133 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 April 2004 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.4 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 26.0 12.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 41.5 14.8 Non-agricultural goods 23.7 12.4 0.0 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 77 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 050 3 600

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 ... ...

Exports 146 120 132 106

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 3 11

Annual percentage change 2007 6 17

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 28.0 Agricultural products 0.0 Fuels and mining products 72.0 Manufactures By main origin 52.4 1. India 29.1 2. China 9.6 3. European Union (27) 3.4 4. Singapore 0.9 5. Malaysia

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. India 2. United States 3. European Union (27) 4. China 5. Bangladesh COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 494 840

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 2 20

Imports 130 104 133 107

2008 5 ... ... 0.016 23.9 6.7 30 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 18 24 2008 a 0.02

15.7 22.2 61.9 53.0 8.4 6.4 6.3 3.3

Annual percentage change 2007 35 47

2008 46 17

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

5.5 67.7 26.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

39.5 45.3 15.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1995 Residents 1

Non-residents ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2003.

120

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 1995 Total 1

Direct residents 381

Direct non-residents 616

Madrid ...

Total 997

NETHERLANDS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

16 443 860 336 671 693 65 391 63 889 136.8 2008 116 136 133

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 633 006 573 188 2008 3.94

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Russian Federation 4. Switzerland 5. China COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

16.0 21.4 61.7 76.2 4.5 1.8 1.3 1.0

Value 2008 101 613 90 833

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 5 10 -

Annual percentage change 2007 3 6 6

2000-2008 2 4 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 19 18

2000-2008 13 13

2008 2 ... ... 3.286 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 66 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 15 16 2008 3.49

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Russian Federation 5. Japan

11.7 24.5 63.2 55.0 8.1 7.4 3.9 2.8

Annual percentage change 2007 14 12

2000-2008 10 8

Imports 7 11 -

2008 8 8

2008 2.69

Share in world total imports

2008 2.60

30.0 13.1 56.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

24.2 24.0 51.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 1 795

Non-residents 524

Trademark registrations by office Total 2 319

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

121

NEW ZEALAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 269 130 693 115 378 - 11 317 17 312 58.6 2008 124 121 145

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 10, 12 June 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 10.0 2.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 5.7 1.4 Non-agricultural goods 10.6 2.3 1.9 0.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 47.5 in non-agricultural goods 66.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 90 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 30 578 34 367

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.19

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Australia 2. European Union (27) 3. United States 4. Japan 5. China

58.5 11.2 25.3 23.3 12.8 10.2 8.4 5.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 8 842 9 473

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 3 6

Exports 63 45 54 35

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 12

Annual percentage change 2007 20 17

2008 -2 ... ... 0.250 2.3 2.6 11 6-5 13 1 0 7-0 3-0 2-0 0-0

2008 14 11 2008 0.21

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Australia 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United States 5. Japan

2000-2008 9 10

Imports 60 40 53 35

9.9 21.1 68.0 18.0 15.7 13.3 9.5 8.2

Annual percentage change 2007 14 16

2008 -3 6

2008 0.23

Share in world total imports

2008 0.27

22.2 56.9 20.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.6 31.6 34.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 491

Non-residents 3 101

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 3 592

Direct residents 2 544

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

122

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 2 718

Madrid ...

Total 5 262

NICARAGUA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 678 6 592 15 229 - 1 475 1 309 124.9 2008 130 183 164

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 3 September 1995 Trade Policy Review date 24, 26 July 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 41.7 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 43.5 11.1 Non-agricultural goods 41.5 4.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.1 in non-agricultural goods 60.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 49 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 489 4 338

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 8 6

Exports 136 110 145 119

Annual percentage change 2007 4 10 16

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2000-2001) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 12

Annual percentage change 2007 17 19

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 357 572

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 8 7

2008 4 4 11 0.021 10.0 2.5 21 5-3 ... ... 0 1-2 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 22 21 2008 a 0.03

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.01 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 81.1 Agricultural products 3.0 Fuels and mining products 10.1 Manufactures By main origin 31.2 1. United States 14.1 2. Mexico 14.0 3. Costa Rica 9.3 4. China 7.3 5. Guatemala

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. El Salvador 3. European Union (27) 4. Honduras 5. Costa Rica

Imports 121 95 142 116

17.3 23.4 58.1 23.0 13.1 8.6 7.9 6.1

Annual percentage change 2007 9 16

2008 7 9

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

12.6 77.3 10.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

54.0 24.7 21.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents 7

Non-residents 129

Trademark registrations by office, 2000 Total 136

Direct residents 404

Direct non-residents 2 490

Madrid ...

Total 2 894

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

123

NIGER BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

14 669 5 354 10 033 - 351 129 47.2 2008 147 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 13 December 1996 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 September 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 44.3 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 83.2 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 38.1 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 12.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 7 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 880 1 400

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Nigeria 4. Japan 5. Switzerland

15.5 37.4 5.8 38.9 17.6 11.8 9.9 4.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 79 369

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 152 126 175 149

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

2000-2008 5 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 36 12

2000-2008 15 17

2008 10 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 34 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 24 32 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Côte d'Ivoire 5. Nigeria

25.6 16.1 44.4 31.5 12.6 7.7 5.0 4.7

Annual percentage change 2006 -1 18

2000-2007 12 17

Imports 157 131 150 124

2007 -5 13

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

14.8 52.0 33.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

74.3 8.0 17.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

124

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

NIGERIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2004) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

151 319 212 080 315 030 16 840 718 73.3 2008 160 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 11, 13 May 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 19.3 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 118.4 12.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 150.0 15.2 Non-agricultural goods 48.5 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods 25.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 32 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 80 750 41 700

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.50

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. India 4. Brazil 5. South Africa

2.2 92.3 5.5 42.5 21.4 9.6 6.5 3.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 5 788 13 902

Commercial services exports (million US$) a Commercial services imports (million US$) a Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 41 27 60 38

Annual percentage change 2007 6 ... ...

2000-2008 6 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 12 35

2000-2008 18 22

2008 5 ... ... 0.236 ... ... 11 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 23 41 2008 0.25

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Belize 5. India

25.2 5.0 68.5 29.1 15.2 8.2 7.1 3.6

Annual percentage change 2006 29 35

2000-2007 ... ...

Imports 53 35 43 26

2007 55 66

2007 0.17

Share in world total imports

2007 0.45

68.5 0.6 30.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.3 14.3 44.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Break in series for commercial services: 2005.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

125

NORWAY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 769 449 996 277 275 88 341 63 139 75.9 2008 121 110 145

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 October 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 20.8 8.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 136.3 59.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.2 0.6 10.6 8.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 55.9 in non-agricultural goods 96.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 111 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 172 517 89 293 2008 1.07

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Canada 4. China 5. Korea, Republic of

5.1 75.6 17.8 83.4 4.4 2.3 1.2 1.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 45 595 43 928

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 1 5

Exports 28 20 25 13

Annual percentage change 2007 4 3 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 14 13

Annual percentage change 2007 12 25

2008 2 ... ... 0.865 0.2 0.3 17 19 - 6 ... ... 0 3-0 2-0 0-0 0-0

2008 27 11 2008 0.54

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Canada 5. Russian Federation

2000-2008 13 15

Imports 37 23 23 14

9.4 13.8 76.8 68.1 6.5 5.5 2.8 2.2

Annual percentage change 2007 22 25

2008 13 13

2008 1.21

Share in world total imports

2008 1.26

47.4 10.2 42.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.0 36.3 30.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 429

Non-residents 1 345

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 774

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

126

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 8 085

Total 8 085

OMAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2006) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2006) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

2 785 35 729 56 593 5 523 18 180 101.3 2006 135 139 169

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 9 November 2000 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 June 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 13.8 5.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 28.0 12.4 Non-agricultural goods 11.6 4.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 35.7 in non-agricultural goods 6.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 98 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 37 719 22 990

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.23

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. United Arab Emirates 3. Japan 4. Korea, Republic of 5. Thailand Unspecified destinations

2.6 78.7 8.2 29.3 10.9 10.6 9.6 6.8 14.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 974 6 122

Commercial services exports (million US$) b Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2006 5 9 14

Exports 57 40 90 64

Annual percentage change 2005 6 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2000-2001) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 21

Annual percentage change 2007 14 45

2006 7 ... ... 0.122 9.4 2.0 13 3-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 53 43 2008 0.14

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United Arab Emirates 2. European Union (27) 3. Japan 4. United States 5. China Unspecified origins

2000-2008 ... 17

Imports 71 49 64 44

11.4 7.1 79.2 27.2 17.1 15.6 5.7 4.6 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 24 25

2008 21 26

2008 0.05

Share in world total imports

2008 0.18

23.7 40.7 35.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

41.5 14.0 44.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 118

Total 118

a Refers to 2004 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2004. b Break in series for commercial services: 2005 for exports.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

127

PAKISTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

166 037 168 276 439 036 - 15 679 374 41.5 2008 152 175 170

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 16, 18 January 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 98.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 59.9 13.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 95.6 15.4 Non-agricultural goods 54.6 13.2 0.0 0.7 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 44.0 in non-agricultural goods 33.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 45 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 20 323 42 326

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.13

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. United Arab Emirates 4. Afghanistan 5. China

19.2 7.3 73.2 25.7 18.0 9.9 7.1 3.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 314 8 985

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) a Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 7 7

Exports 69 47 85 59

Annual percentage change 2007 6 2 -3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2003-2005) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 19

Annual percentage change 2007 5 9

2008 6 -9 -2 0.176 15.8 7.1 30 8-1 26 ... 0 3-2 2-0 0-0 0-0

2008 14 30 2008 0.26

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Saudi Arabia 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Kuwait

2000-2008 8 ...

Imports 51 33 55 36

16.8 36.3 46.9 14.1 13.6 11.2 8.9 8.1

Annual percentage change 2007 -1 4

2008 4 7

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports

2008 0.26

47.8 10.5 41.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.5 16.9 39.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 299

a Break in series for commercial services: 2004 for imports.

128

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total 4 585

PANAMA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 395 23 088 42 446 - 2 792 8 642 145.1 2008 163 148 151

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 6 September 1997 Trade Policy Review date 17, 19 September 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 23.5 7.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 27.7 13.4 Non-agricultural goods 22.9 6.2 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 32.2 in non-agricultural goods 39.6 Services sectors with GATS commitments 70 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 180 9 050

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Costa Rica 4. China 5. Taipei, Chinese Unspecified destinations

81.3 5.4 8.5 39.2 31.6 5.8 4.3 4.1 1.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 5 794 2 532

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 6 6

Exports 142 116 62 40

Annual percentage change 2007 12 15 19

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 4 13

Annual percentage change 2007 6 42

2008 9 ... ... 0.087 ... ... 17 5-5 ... ... 1 5-1 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 1 32 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Costa Rica 4. China 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 14 11

Imports 96 71 86 61

11.1 21.8 66.7 29.7 6.5 5.1 5.0 4.3 24.8

Annual percentage change 2007 25 23

2008 19 23

2008 0.15

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

53.7 24.3 22.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

60.3 14.4 25.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents ...

Non-residents 15

Trademark registrations by office, 1996 Total 15

Direct residents 1 798

Direct non-residents 2 840

Madrid ...

Total 4 638

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

129

PAPUA NEW GUINEA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2005) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

6 449 8 168 14 241 640 1 486 140.9 2008 125 66 137

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 9 June 1996 Trade Policy Review date 15, 17 November 1999 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 32.1 4.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 45.1 13.9 Non-agricultural goods 30.1 3.6 0.9 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2004) in agricultural goods (AOA) 85.6 in non-agricultural goods 94.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 27 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 721 3 480

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 -5 4

Exports 99 75 148 122

Annual percentage change 2007 6 -13 -1

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 15

Annual percentage change 2007 12 32

2008 a 0.04 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 23.6 Agricultural products 43.8 Fuels and mining products 4.1 Manufactures By main origin 10.7 1. Australia 10.5 2. United States 4.0 3. Singapore 3.8 4. Japan 2.7 5. China 55.8 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Australia 3. China 4. Japan 5. United States Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 342 1 714

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2000-2008 4 10

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

10.9 1.3 87.8

2008 6 -29 0 0.021 ... ... 44 4-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 22 16 2008 a 0.02

16.2 16.2 60.5 58.7 7.6 7.2 5.3 3.2 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 14 23

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

Imports 131 105 104 78

2008 1 -5 2008 a 0.05

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

24.2 4.8 71.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2000 Total ...

Direct residents 27

Direct non-residents 531

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2004. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2005.

130

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Madrid ...

Total 558

PARAGUAY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

6 227 15 977 29 323 - 345 2 259 110.7 2008 134 179 172

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 27, 29 April 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 33.4 11.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 33.2 10.2 Non-agricultural goods 33.5 11.8 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 25.8 in non-agricultural goods 45.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 9 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 4 434 10 200

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Uruguay 2. Argentina 3. Brazil 4. Chile 5. European Union (27)

90.5 0.7 7.8 17.7 16.2 14.0 8.4 8.4

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 999 563

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 109 85 110 84

Annual percentage change 2007 7 10 11

2000-2008 4 8 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 46 22

2000-2008 23 21

2008 6 15 26 0.034 13.0 2.9 12 3-1 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 59 42 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. China 2. Brazil 3. Argentina 4. European Union (27) 5. Japan

6.2 14.3 67.4 27.5 26.6 14.4 5.4 5.0

Annual percentage change 2007 22 20

2000-2008 7 5

Imports 91 66 144 118

2008 13 28

2008 0.03

Share in world total imports

2008 0.02

20.4 11.0 68.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

66.0 22.1 11.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

131

PERU BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

28 837 127 434 245 315 - 4 180 1 968 51.5 2008 158 191 227

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 17, 19 October 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 30.1 6.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 30.8 10.0 Non-agricultural goods 30.0 5.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 1.2 in non-agricultural goods 22.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 49 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 31 529 29 981

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.20

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Switzerland 5. Canada

16.9 52.1 13.2 18.6 17.6 12.0 10.9 6.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 3 502 5 425

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 8 11

Exports 61 43 78 52

Annual percentage change 2007 9 6 21

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 19

Annual percentage change 2007 17 34

2008 10 10 24 0.136 4.9 3.6 25 7-3 33 0 0 2-4 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 13 46 2008 0.18

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 12 12

Imports 65 43 66 46

12.0 19.6 65.3 ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 27 25

2008 9 31

2008 0.09

Share in world total imports

2008 0.16

23.4 56.8 19.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

46.5 19.7 33.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 15

132

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 312

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 327

Direct residents 8 902

Direct non-residents 6 669

Madrid ...

Total 15 571

PHILIPPINES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

90 348 166 909 317 110 4 227 1 370 85.1 2008 146 149 131

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 July 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 66.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 25.6 6.3 Agricultural goods (AOA) 34.7 9.7 Non-agricultural goods 23.4 5.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 34.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 51 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 49 025 60 290

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

2008 0.31

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Japan 4. China 5. Hong Kong, China

8.1 8.5 82.7 17.4 16.7 15.7 11.1 10.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 10 194 8 547

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 3

Exports 56 39 51 32

Annual percentage change 2007 7 5 -4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 3 ...

Annual percentage change 2007 6 7

2008 4 -2 2 0.439 22.0 6.1 17 5-2 ... ... 4 5-5 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -3 4 2008 0.37

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Japan 3. Singapore 4. Saudi Arabia 5. European Union (27)

2000-2008 15 6

Imports 46 28 57 38

11.5 23.4 64.7 12.8 11.8 10.3 8.5 7.9

Annual percentage change 2007 52 19

2008 4 16

2008 0.27

Share in world total imports

2008 0.24

13.4 43.0 43.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.8 25.9 24.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 38

Non-residents 1 015

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 1 053

Direct residents 5 226

Direct non-residents 8 070

Madrid ...

Total 13 296

a Break in series for merchandise: 2002 for imports.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

133

POLAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

38 123 526 966 671 927 - 29 029 9 496 84.0 2008 138 209 192

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 61 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 168 042 204 279

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 1.05

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Ukraine 4. Norway 5. United States

10.6 8.3 81.0 77.9 5.2 3.7 1.7 1.4

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 35 309 29 925

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) a Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 10 8

Exports 29 26 -

Annual percentage change 2007 7 9 15

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 23 20

Annual percentage change 2007 27 30

2008 5 11 13 0.905 ... ... 41 28 - 5 143 10 0 84 - 66 34 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 20 23 2008 1.24

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Korea, Republic of 5. United States

2000-2008 17 ...

Imports 19 30 -

8.1 14.9 74.1 62.0 9.8 8.0 2.5 2.2

Annual percentage change 2007 40 22

2008 23 26

2008 0.93

Share in world total imports

2008 0.86

30.7 33.3 35.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

23.6 32.1 44.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 1 575

Non-residents 1 959

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 3 534

a Break in series for commercial services: 2004 for imports.

134

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct residents 14 033

Direct non-residents 1 687

Madrid 4 979

Total 20 699

PORTUGAL BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

10 625 242 689 245 150 - 29 599 15 407 74.2 2008 108 134 121

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 55 833 89 975

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.35

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Angola 3. United States 4. Singapore 5. Malaysia Unspecified destinations

12.3 9.1 74.5 68.6 6.0 3.3 2.3 1.0 2.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 26 135 16 497

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 4 3

Exports 54 32 -

Annual percentage change 2007 2 7 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 11

Annual percentage change 2007 19 17

2008 0 ... ... 0.518 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 66 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 8 15 2008 0.55

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Nigeria 3. Brazil 4. China 5. United States Unspecified origins

2000-2008 14 12

Imports 36 40 -

14.1 19.9 64.6 69.2 2.8 2.2 2.2 1.7 0.4

Annual percentage change 2007 27 19

2008 13 17

2008 0.69

Share in world total imports

2008 0.47

26.9 42.0 31.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

31.0 26.2 42.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 145

Non-residents 42

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 187

Direct residents 15 741

Direct non-residents 1 437

Madrid 3 896

Total 21 074

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

135

QATAR BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2006) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2005) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2004-2006) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

1 281 52 722 56 303 ... 47 127 99.6 2005 147 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 13 January 1996 Trade Policy Review date 21, 23 February 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 16.0 5.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 25.8 8.5 Non-agricultural goods 14.5 4.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 31.9 in non-agricultural goods 7.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 46 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 63 830 26 850

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.40

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. Korea, Republic of 3. Singapore 4. European Union (27) 5. India Unspecified destinations

0.0 94.8 5.1 34.3 21.8 11.7 5.7 5.2 9.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2006 3 489 5 680

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 49 34 67 43

Annual percentage change 2004 21 ... ...

2000-2005 8 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 23 34

2000-2008 24 30

2005 6 ... ... 0.157 5.3 3.9 28 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 52 22 2008 0.16

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Japan 3. United States 4. China 5. United Arab Emirates Unspecified origins

6.8 3.6 89.6 33.4 9.6 9.0 7.2 6.6 0.0

Annual percentage change 2005 57 118

2000-2006 48 37

Imports 66 44 58 39

2006 36 56

2006 0.12

Share in world total imports

2006 0.22

72.7 25.0 2.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

26.1 66.0 7.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

136

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

ROMANIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

21 513 200 071 302 566 - 24 685 5 692 75.3 2008 165 238 251

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 58 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 49 393 82 725

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.31

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Turkey 3. Ukraine 4. Russian Federation 5. United States

8.0 13.8 77.9 70.5 6.6 2.5 1.8 1.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 12 819 11 520

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 11 12

Exports 55 44 -

Annual percentage change 2007 6 12 12

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 26

Annual percentage change 2007 25 37

2008 9 15 13 0.285 ... ... 38 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 67 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 22 18 2008 0.50

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Turkey 4. Kazakhstan 5. China

2000-2008 29 25

Imports 40 50 -

8.4 15.5 75.9 69.2 6.0 4.9 4.6 4.2

Annual percentage change 2007 35 27

2008 36 32

2008 0.34

Share in world total imports

2008 0.33

30.7 15.5 53.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

34.1 18.9 47.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 532

Non-residents 152

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 684

Direct residents 5 849

Direct non-residents 2 004

Madrid 4 775

Total 12 628

TRADE PROFILES 2009

137

RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

141 800 1 607 816 2 288 446 102 401 4 939 54.2 2008 168 186 427

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 10.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 14.2 Non-agricultural goods 10.2 11.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 6.9 in non-agricultural goods 24.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

Value 2008 471 603 291 861 2008 2.93

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Turkey 3. Belarus 4. Ukraine 5. China

5.3 73.1 20.0 56.8 5.9 5.1 5.0 4.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 50 694 74 572

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 8 20

Exports 9 5 22 11

Annual percentage change 2007 8 6 27

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2002-2004) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 26

Annual percentage change 2007 17 36

2008 7 6 19 5.1 5.2 7-0 -

2008 33 31 2008 1.78

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Japan 4. Ukraine 5. United States

2000-2008 23 21

Imports 17 11 16 9

11.7 4.2 82.9 43.5 13.0 7.0 6.1 5.2

Annual percentage change 2007 27 32

2008 30 29

2008 1.34

Share in world total imports

2008 2.14

29.6 23.6 46.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

17.4 33.4 49.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 18 431

138

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 4 597

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 23 028

Direct residents 14 993

Direct non-residents 6 194

Madrid 12 117

Total 33 304

RWANDA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

9 721 4 457 9 934 - 147 104 33.3 2008 175 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 22 May 1996 Trade Policy Review date 28, 30 September 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 89.5 18.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 74.3 15.1 Non-agricultural goods 91.8 19.2 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods 22.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 6 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 250 1 139

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Kenya 2. European Union (27) 3. Congo, Dem. Rep. of 4. Hong Kong, China 5. Swaziland

34.9 55.4 9.4 31.9 23.4 12.7 6.5 5.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 126 259

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 ... ...

Exports 169 142 166 140

Annual percentage change 2007 8 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 23

Annual percentage change 2007 20 35

2008 11 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 40 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 41 54 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Kenya 3. Uganda 4. United Arab Emirates 5. China

2000-2007 17 13

Imports 164 138 163 137

12.5 9.4 78.1 22.9 16.0 14.5 8.4 8.4

Annual percentage change 2006 -11 21

2007 69 21

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

28.5 51.8 19.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

33.2 26.7 40.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1999 Residents ...

Non-residents 4

Trademark registrations by office, 1999 Total 4

Direct residents 5

Direct non-residents 104

Madrid ...

Total 109

TRADE PROFILES 2009

139

SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

49 540 795 - 135 11 564 109.4 2008 141 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 21 February 1996 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 97.9 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 75.9 9.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 108.6 13.0 Non-agricultural goods 70.8 8.6 0.0 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 9.4 in non-agricultural goods 8.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 8 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 38 285

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 189 163 160 134

Annual percentage change 2007 4 ... ...

2000-2008 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -2 9

2000-2008 2 5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 160 118

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

0.015 ... ... 47 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -3 5

20.5 9.2 70.3 58.8 10.8 8.6 3.7 3.0

Annual percentage change 2007 -8 13

2000-2008 7 6

2008 10 ... ...

2008 a 0.00

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.00 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 8.0 Agricultural products 0.2 Fuels and mining products 91.8 Manufactures By main origin 86.6 1. United States 3.4 2. Trinidad and Tobago 1.8 3. European Union (27) 1.6 4. Japan 1.2 5. Canada

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Antigua and Barbuda 4. Netherlands Antilles 5. Dominica

Imports 190 164 175 149

2008 3 8

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

12.6 68.3 19.1

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.2 13.3 43.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2006 and by destination/origin refer to 2007.

140

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

SAINT LUCIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

170 1 011 1 684 - 320 6 917 121.0 2008 122 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 61.9 8.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 114.6 14.8 Non-agricultural goods 53.9 8.0 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 28.0 in non-agricultural goods 52.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 8 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 164 656

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Barbados 5. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

28.8 22.0 48.2 34.0 23.2 17.0 8.5 3.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 362 181

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 ... ...

Exports 176 150 143 117

Annual percentage change 2007 1 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 18 8

Annual percentage change 2007 15 4

2008 2 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 35 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 52 7 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Japan 5. Barbados

2000-2008 1 5

Imports 177 151 167 141

22.6 26.5 50.7 42.6 23.8 8.4 4.3 3.5

Annual percentage change 2007 4 4

2008 5 5

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

6.2 85.7 8.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.1 24.3 27.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents ...

Non-residents 34

Trademark registrations by office, 2001 Total 34

Direct residents 42

Direct non-residents 497

Madrid ...

Total 539

TRADE PROFILES 2009

141

SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

109 594 999 - 149 5 321 105.7 2008 142 93 110

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 62.5 9.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 114.5 15.9 Non-agricultural goods 54.5 8.9 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 21.0 in non-agricultural goods 9.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 8 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 52 373

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Grenada 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. Saint Lucia 4. Barbados 5. European Union (27)

64.3 2.5 33.1 18.2 17.4 14.7 10.7 9.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 178 95

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 -3 3

Exports 185 159 158 132

Annual percentage change 2007 8 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 1 11

Annual percentage change 2007 25 20

2008 1 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 46 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 9 14 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. European Union (27) 4. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 5. Japan

2000-2008 4 8

Imports 183 157 180 154

26.2 16.0 57.1 37.0 21.7 14.5 3.3 2.8

Annual percentage change 2007 6 12

2008 -1 5

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

7.4 65.0 27.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.4 17.9 33.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents ...

Non-residents 2

Trademark registrations by office, 1996 Total 2

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2003 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2003.

142

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 124

Madrid ...

Total 124

SAMOA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

182 523 814 - 36 2 255 85.3 2008 134 113 153

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY WTO accession date Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods Agricultural goods (AOA) Non-agricultural goods Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) in non-agricultural goods Services sectors with GATS commitments

Observer Applied ... ... ... ... ... ... -

MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 11 249

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Australia 2. New Zealand 3. American Samoa 4. United States 5. Japan

14.5 0.3 83.6 81.7 10.2 3.6 1.9 0.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 138 55

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 6 24

Exports 201 175 162 136

Annual percentage change 2007 6 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 -3 11

Annual percentage change 2007 45 4

2008 -3 ... ... ... ... 2-0 -

2008 -27 10 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Australia 2. New Zealand 3. United States 4. China 5. Singapore

2000-2007 ... ...

Imports 191 165 184 158

27.3 24.6 31.7 25.6 22.8 12.5 7.4 7.3

Annual percentage change 2006 18 2

2007 4 -1

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

5.3 77.1 17.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

53.3 9.4 37.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents ...

Non-residents 11

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 11

Direct residents 21

Direct non-residents 122

Madrid ...

Total 143

a Refers to 2002 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2002.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

143

SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

161 175 280 - 67 534 64.9

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100)

2008 ... ... ...

TRADE POLICY WTO accession date Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods Agricultural goods (AOA) Non-agricultural goods Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) in non-agricultural goods Services sectors with GATS commitments

Observer Applied ... ... ... ... ... ... -

MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 11 114

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Angola 3. Bahamas 4. Gabon 5. Sri Lanka

62.2 29.9 6.8 49.3 47.0 1.6 1.0 0.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 4 15

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 202 176 189 163

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ... ...

2000-2008 ... ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -12 12

2000-2008 17 18

2008 ... ... ... ... ... 0-0 -

2008 56 44 2008 0.00

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Angola 3. Gabon 4. Nigeria 5. Thailand

32.0 27.7 40.1 64.0 22.9 3.0 2.2 1.9

Annual percentage change 2006 -8 62

2000-2007 -15 10

Imports 200 174 190 164

2007 -50 -3

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

1.6 82.6 15.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

89.4 0.7 9.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

144

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

SAUDI ARABIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

24 646 467 601 589 531 95 080 12 879 86.6 2008 134 110 107

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 11 December 2005 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 11.8 5.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 20.7 7.1 Non-agricultural goods 10.5 4.9 1.2 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 50.4 in non-agricultural goods 15.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 120 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 313 440 115 147

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 15 10 55 36

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

2000-2008 4 3 2

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 11 29

2000-2008 19 18

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 7 901 30 798

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2007 0.23

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

0.927 ... ... 11 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 33 28

13.8 7.0 76.3 31.9 13.6 9.7 8.7 4.5

Annual percentage change 2006 9 34

2000-2007 7 16

2008 4 ... ...

2008 b 0.70

2008 b Share in world total imports 1.95 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 0.9 Agricultural products 89.9 Fuels and mining products 8.6 Manufactures By main origin 26.8 1. European Union (27) 23.6 2. United States 17.5 3. China 7.1 4. Japan 3.6 5. Korea, Republic of

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Japan 2. Taipei, Chinese 3. United States 4. European Union (27) 5. United Arab Emirates

Imports 31 21 28 17

2007 8 59 2007 0.99

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 17

Non-residents 257

Trademark registrations by office Total 274

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2003 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2003. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

145

SENEGAL BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

12 211 13 209 21 638 - 1 311 586 69.4 2008 138 137 180

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 22, 24 September 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 30.0 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 29.8 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 30.0 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 16.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 29 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 350 6 528

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Mali 2. European Union (27) 3. India 4. Gambia 5. Guinea Unspecified destinations

19.9 34.7 35.2 23.3 17.0 11.6 4.2 3.8 18.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 1 097 1 205

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 122 97 103 77

Annual percentage change 2007 5 8 20

2000-2008 4 4 8

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 5 33

2000-2008 12 ...

2008 2 6 7 0.018 ... ... 29 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 41 34 2008 0.04

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Nigeria 3. Thailand 4. China 5. Côte d'Ivoire Unspecified origins

31.2 34.4 34.4 39.8 11.9 6.8 6.0 3.3 0.1

Annual percentage change 2006 4 4

2000-2007 19 17

Imports 106 81 112 86

2007 53 49

2007 0.03

Share in world total imports

2007 0.04

12.3 48.4 39.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.8 21.0 29.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Break in series for merchandise: 2005 for imports.

146

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

SERBIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

7 350 50 061 84 207 - 6 346 4 430 81.3 2008 155 227 307

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 14.2 Non-agricultural goods 6.3 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.6 in non-agricultural goods 1.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 10 972 22 999

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.07

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Bosnia and Herzegovina 3. Montenegro 4. Russian Federation 5. FYR Macedonia

19.1 12.1 67.6 54.3 12.2 11.7 5.0 4.5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 4 005 4 231

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 11 15

Exports 83 60 73 48

Annual percentage change 2007 8 16 24

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 37 41

2008 6 12 12 ... ... 2-0 -

2008 24 24 2008 0.14

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. Ukraine 5. Bosnia and Herzegovina

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 70 48 70 48

7.4 25.9 66.6 53.3 15.3 7.5 2.9 2.8

Annual percentage change 2007 50 63

2008 28 22

2008 0.11

Share in world total imports

2008 0.12

24.0 23.6 52.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

30.0 29.6 40.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 73

Non-residents 205

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 278

Direct residents 947

Direct non-residents 567

Madrid 5 627

Total 7 141

TRADE PROFILES 2009

147

SEYCHELLES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

86 833 1 859 - 264 23 734 223.9 2008 116 234 262

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 8.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.7 Non-agricultural goods 6.4 0.6 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 84.5 in non-agricultural goods 78.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 390 912

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.00

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Saudi Arabia 3. Switzerland 4. Sri Lanka 5. United States

58.0 39.3 2.7 57.2 36.1 1.1 0.9 0.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 458 361

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 11 13

Exports 164 138 138 112

Annual percentage change 2007 7 31 44

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 9 13

Annual percentage change 2007 -5 13

2008 3 31 15 17.6 4.4 0-0 -

2008 8 6 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United Arab Emirates 3. Saudi Arabia 4. Singapore 5. South Africa

2000-2008 7 9

Imports 167 141 154 128

22.4 28.0 49.5 31.4 17.3 13.6 8.4 5.9

Annual percentage change 2007 9 13

2008 3 21

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

41.1 55.2 3.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.4 10.2 41.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents ...

148

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 6

Trademark registrations by office, 2003 Total 6

Direct residents 2

Direct non-residents 307

Madrid ...

Total 309

SIERRA LEONE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

5 560 1 953 4 260 - 181 143 52.5 2008 229 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 23 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 9, 11 February 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 47.4 13.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 40.3 16.4 Non-agricultural goods 48.5 13.1 0.0 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 110 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 220 560

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 11 ... ...

Exports 171 145 181 155

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 42 18

Annual percentage change 2007 6 14

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 42 86

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 1 1

2008 5 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 41 1-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -10 26 2008 a 0.00

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.00 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 78.1 Agricultural products 0.1 Fuels and mining products 6.3 Manufactures By main origin 1.0 1. Côte d'Ivoire 0.4 2. European Union (27) 0.2 3. Canada 0.2 4. United States 0.2 5. Japan 97.4 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. Saudi Arabia 3. European Union (27) 4. Russian Federation 5. Ecuador Unspecified destinations

Imports 179 153 179 153

29.9 40.3 29.1 36.7 18.5 6.5 4.9 4.2 1.2

Annual percentage change 2006 -46 -10

2007 -1 11

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

36.7 52.0 11.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

56.3 16.5 27.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1995 Residents ...

Non-residents 5

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 5

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 999

Total 999

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2002.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

149

SINGAPORE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

4 839 181 948 238 503 39 109 156 419 443.2 2008 146 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 14, 16 July 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 69.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 10.7 0.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 29.1 0.2 Non-agricultural goods 6.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 98.7 in non-agricultural goods 100.0 Services sectors with GATS commitments 67 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) a Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

Value 2008 338 176 319 780 2008 2.10

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Malaysia 2. Indonesia 3. Hong Kong, China 4. European Union (27) 5. China

2.1 19.8 70.0 12.1 10.6 10.4 10.4 9.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 82 934 78 868

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 ... ...

Exports 14 9 14 7

Annual percentage change 2007 8 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 10 10

2008 1 ... ... 2.157 0.1 0.0 8 15 - 13 ... ... 0 1-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 13 22 2008 1.95

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Malaysia 3. United States 4. China 5. Japan

2000-2008 14 13

Imports 15 9 15 8

3.1 29.4 64.1 12.3 11.9 11.8 10.6 8.1

Annual percentage change 2007 26 16

2008 3 6

2008 2.20

Share in world total imports

2008 2.26

34.8 12.8 52.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

37.7 18.0 44.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 469

Non-residents 7 009

a Break in series for merchandise: 2003.

150

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 7 478

Direct residents 5 437

Direct non-residents 12 093

Madrid 5 902

Total 23 432

SLOVAK REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 406 94 957 119 369 - 4 103 23 776 170.6 2008 162 235 219

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 94 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 70 962 73 389

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , f.o.b. (million US$)

2008 0.44

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. United States 4. Ukraine 5. Turkey

4.5 7.5 86.9 85.2 3.8 1.7 1.4 1.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 8 469 9 089

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 11 10

Exports 44 56 -

Annual percentage change 2007 10 14 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 25 24

Annual percentage change 2007 39 34

2008 6 11 10 0.300 ... ... 32 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 68 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 22 22 2008 0.45

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Korea, Republic of 4. China 5. Japan

2000-2008 18 23

Imports 43 54 -

6.5 15.7 77.4 59.3 10.7 5.8 5.7 1.4

Annual percentage change 2007 30 40

2008 21 41

2008 0.22

Share in world total imports

2008 0.26

34.5 30.7 34.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

27.2 23.7 49.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 89

Non-residents 485

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 574

Direct residents 2 829

Direct non-residents 1 076

Madrid 3 820

Total 7 725

TRADE PROFILES 2009

151

SLOVENIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

2 039 54 613 56 297 - 2 986 31 939 137.7 2008 140 186 181

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 30 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 84 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 34 105 36 970

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.21

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Croatia 3. Russian Federation 4. Serbia 5. Bosnia and Herzegovina

6.2 6.9 86.7 69.0 8.6 4.1 4.0 3.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 7 624 4 902

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 9 9

Exports 59 58 -

Annual percentage change 2007 7 14 16

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 19 18

Annual percentage change 2007 30 31

2008 4 ... ... 0.179 ... ... 32 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 13 17 2008 0.23

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Croatia 3. China 4. United States 5. Serbia

2000-2008 19 17

Imports 59 67 -

9.7 17.2 72.7 77.8 3.6 1.9 1.8 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 30 30

2008 35 17

2008 0.20

Share in world total imports

2008 0.14

27.7 40.3 32.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

25.4 26.0 48.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 215

Non-residents 13

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 228

Direct residents 1 139

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

152

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 437

Madrid 3 598

Total 5 174

SOLOMON ISLANDS BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

507 647 1 323 - 97 1 337 121.6 2008 136 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 26 July 1996 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 May 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 78.6 9.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 72.7 14.8 Non-agricultural goods 79.4 9.2 1.4 0.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 29 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 190 295

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 174 148 178 152

Annual percentage change 2007 10 ... ...

2000-2008 4 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 38 32

2000-2008 13 16

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 63 148

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

0.015 ... ... 42 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 13 3

... ... ... 31.2 27.1 8.2 5.8 5.7

Annual percentage change 2007 29 47

2000-2008 4 10

2008 7 ... ...

2008 a 0.00

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.00 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) ... Agricultural products ... Fuels and mining products ... Manufactures By main origin 46.5 1. Australia 12.8 2. Singapore 7.2 3. Japan 7.1 4. Malaysia 6.1 5. Papua New Guinea

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. European Union (27) 3. Thailand 4. Philippines 5. Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of

Imports 188 162 171 145

2008 -3 21

2008 0.00

Share in world total imports

2008 0.00

10.1 2.8 87.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

43.2 7.9 48.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

153

SOUTH AFRICA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

48 687 276 764 492 155 - 20 981 3 837 67.5 2008 138 135 201

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 19.2 7.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 41.2 9.3 Non-agricultural goods 15.7 7.6 0.0 2.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 31.5 in non-agricultural goods 70.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 91 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 80 782 99 480

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.50

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Japan 3. United States 4. China 5. India

8.7 35.4 54.5 31.9 11.0 10.8 5.8 3.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 12 159 16 505

Commercial services exports (million US$) a Commercial services imports (million US$) a Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 4 9

Exports 40 26 46 28

Annual percentage change 2007 5 8 10

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 16

Annual percentage change 2007 20 12

2008 3 3 6 0.529 ... ... 29 4-0 56 1 1 0-3 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 16 12 2008 0.61

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. United States 4. Saudi Arabia 5. Japan

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 34 22 39 23

6.1 25.7 67.4 31.3 11.3 8.0 6.3 5.6

Annual percentage change 2007 13 16

2008 -8 2

2008 0.32

Share in world total imports

2008 0.47

12.8 62.8 24.4

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

46.0 26.0 28.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Break in series for commercial services: 2001.

154

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2005 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total 19 895

SPAIN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

45 568 1 604 174 1 456 103 - 154 128 18 985 59.8 2008 128 130 157

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 268 339 401 384

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2000-2008 3 4 7

Exports 17 7 -

Annual percentage change 2007 4 5 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 11 13

Annual percentage change 2007 19 18

Value 2008 142 612 104 262

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 13 16

Imports 12 9 -

2008 1 ... ... 2.620 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 65 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 6 3 2008 b 2.44

2008 b Share in world total imports 1.67 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 15.6 Agricultural products 10.1 Fuels and mining products 73.1 Manufactures By main origin 70.0 1. European Union (27) 4.0 2. China 1.7 3. United States 1.7 4. Russian Federation 1.6 5. Japan 2.7 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Mexico 4. Morocco 5. Turkey Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

10.4 24.4 64.7 60.0 6.5 3.5 2.8 2.1 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 20 23

2008 12 9

2008 3.77

Share in world total imports

2008 2.99

17.0 43.5 39.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

24.7 19.5 55.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 2 325

Non-residents 342

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 2 667

Direct residents 45 251

Direct non-residents 1 589

Madrid 5 559

Total 52 399

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

155

SRI LANKA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

20 156 40 714 91 921 - 3 775 1 131 67.0 2008 148 101 101

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 3, 5 March 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 37.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 30.3 11.2 Agricultural goods (AOA) 50.0 25.5 Non-agricultural goods 19.7 9.0 0.5 1.7 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2005) in agricultural goods (AOA) 1.5 in non-agricultural goods 46.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 27 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 8 450 14 008

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.05

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. India 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Russian Federation Unspecified destinations

27.7 1.7 68.0 36.9 22.5 5.3 3.1 2.6 2.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 982 2 967

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 0 0

Exports 91 67 89 63

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 9

Annual percentage change 2007 12 10

2008 6 ... ... 0.076 12.1 4.3 37 6-0 ... ... 0 1-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 9 24 2008 0.09

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. India 2. European Union (27) 3. Singapore 4. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 5. China Unspecified origins

2000-2008 10 8

Imports 83 59 81 56

14.4 24.0 57.9 20.8 12.8 11.7 8.8 8.1 0.0

Annual percentage change 2007 9 9

2008 13 16

2008 0.05

Share in world total imports

2008 0.09

50.4 17.3 32.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

66.1 14.4 19.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 54

Non-residents 37

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 91

Direct residents 212

a Refers to 2002 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2002.

156

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 499

Madrid ...

Total 711

SUDAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

41 348 58 443 89 033 - 1 314 482 41.4 2008 178 269 225

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 20.4 Agricultural goods (AOA) 31.7 Non-agricultural goods 18.7 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 52.9 in non-agricultural goods 19.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 12 050 9 150

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.07

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. Japan 3. United Arab Emirates 4. Yemen 5. Egypt Unspecified destinations

3.6 74.7 0.5 79.5 7.3 2.3 1.8 1.4 0.0

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 457 2 552

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 13 11

Exports 80 57 139 113

Annual percentage change 2007 10 34 -4

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 27 25

Annual percentage change 2007 57 9

2008 8 23 0 ... ... 3-0 -

2008 36 4 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Saudi Arabia 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. Russian Federation 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 44 19

Imports 95 70 85 60

13.8 0.5 85.7 25.0 10.6 7.9 4.5 3.9 22.9

Annual percentage change 2007 56 5

2008 34 -11

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.07

3.8 72.4 23.8

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.5 46.6 2.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 012

Total 1 012

TRADE PROFILES 2009

157

SURINAME BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

515 2 881 3 866 353 6 109 126.0 2008 154 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 12, 14 July 2004 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 26.3 Applied MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods 18.5 ... Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.9 ... Non-agricultural goods 17.0 ... 0.0 ... Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 12 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 743 1 304

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Canada 3. Switzerland 4. Guyana 5. Barbados Unspecified destinations

4.0 11.1 2.3 14.7 14.4 9.1 6.1 3.0 43.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 233 367

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 6 ... ...

Exports 129 104 153 127

Annual percentage change 2007 5 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 20 12

Annual percentage change 2007 8 4

2008 7 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 29 2-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 28 25 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Trinidad and Tobago 4. China 5. Japan Unspecified origins

2000-2008 13 10

Imports 159 133 153 127

11.7 15.7 47.7 24.0 23.2 20.6 8.0 4.5 0.8

Annual percentage change 2007 0 17

2008 11 25

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.01

8.2 33.3 58.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

24.6 8.3 67.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

158

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 1996 Total ...

Direct residents 69

Direct non-residents 1 462

Madrid ...

Total 1 531

SWAZILAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

1 168 2 618 5 755 - 66 3 844 162.2 2008 122 138 155

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 23, 25 April 2003 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 96.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 19.2 7.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 41.2 9.4 Non-agricultural goods 15.7 7.6 0.0 2.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 44.1 in non-agricultural goods 49.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 9 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 790 2 200

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 4 6

Exports 127 102 131 105

Annual percentage change 2007 4 -2 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 9 10

Annual percentage change 2007 5 5

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 447 494

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 7 7

2008 2 6 3 0.018 ... ... 55 4-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -5 9 2008 a 0.01

2008 a Share in world total imports 0.01 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 18.2 Agricultural products 2.8 Fuels and mining products 78.8 Manufactures By main origin 45.2 1. South Africa 31.6 2. Namibia 14.4 3. Lesotho 3.2 4. Hong Kong, China 2.6 5. Botswana

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. South Africa 2. Botswana 3. European Union (27) 4. United States 5. Japan

Imports 146 120 146 120

12.1 10.3 77.4 92.9 2.2 1.4 0.9 0.5

Annual percentage change 2006 1 -8

2007 63 36

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

2.0 7.1 91.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

11.7 10.4 77.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 992

Total 992

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

159

SWEDEN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

9 221 480 021 344 712 40 317 46 645 96.5 2008 121 144 136

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 98 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 183 356 167 152 2008 1.14

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Norway 3. United States 4. Russian Federation 5. China

7.8 11.9 79.6 59.7 9.5 6.6 2.4 2.2

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 71 592 54 280

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 5 5

Exports 24 18 -

Annual percentage change 2007 3 6 9

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 11

Annual percentage change 2007 14 20

2008 0 ... ... 1.324 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 66 33 - 24 4-4 4-3

2008 9 10 2008 1.02

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Norway 3. Russian Federation 4. China 5. United States

2000-2008 17 11

Imports 26 18 -

9.6 18.3 71.9 69.7 8.9 4.1 3.4 3.1

Annual percentage change 2007 28 21

2008 13 13

2008 1.90

Share in world total imports

2008 1.56

17.7 17.6 64.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

16.7 28.4 54.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 1 050

Non-residents 237

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 1 287

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

160

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 3 171

Total 3 171

SWITZERLAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

7 631 488 470 324 576 41 214 65 231 113.7 2008 115 127 125

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 July 1995 Trade Policy Review date 15, 16 December 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 99.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 9.8 7.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 57.2 44.0 Non-agricultural goods 2.7 2.2 81.8 83.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 21.9 in non-agricultural goods 35.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 200 334 183 192 2008 1.25

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Japan 4. Hong Kong, China 5. China

3.8 6.8 89.3 61.0 9.6 3.3 2.9 2.8

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 75 194 36 623

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 4 4

Exports 20 14 15 8

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 12 10

Annual percentage change 2007 16 14

2008 2 ... ... 1.379 1.0 0.5 11 20 - 6 ... ... 0 4-0 1-0 0-0 0-0

2008 16 14 2008 1.12

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Japan 5. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

2000-2008 12 12

Imports 23 15 27 16

6.7 13.4 79.6 78.8 5.8 2.5 2.1 1.7

Annual percentage change 2007 20 18

2008 16 10

2008 1.99

Share in world total imports

2008 1.05

8.6 19.2 72.2

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

22.5 29.7 47.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 428

Non-residents 309

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 737

Direct residents 8 638

Direct non-residents 3 752

Madrid 13 476

Total 25 866

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

161

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2006) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

21 227 55 204 94 243 920 1 303 75.8 2008 142 162 222

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Non-member and non-observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) Applied MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods ... Agricultural goods (AOA) ... Non-agricultural goods ... ... Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 14 300 18 320

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) a Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$) a

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 6 10

Exports 77 55 71 46

Annual percentage change 2007 4 2 8

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 6 28

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 3 563 2 964

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 13 11

2008 5 -2 3 ... ... 3-0 -

2008 24 25 2008 b 0.11

2008 b Share in world total imports 0.09 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 10.5 Agricultural products 43.1 Fuels and mining products 27.5 Manufactures By main origin 43.5 1. European Union (27) 10.6 2. Russian Federation 5.6 3. China 5.2 4. Ukraine 4.6 5. Saudi Arabia

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Saudi Arabia 3. Iraq 4. Turkey 5. Jordan

Imports 74 52 76 53

18.9 30.2 45.0 25.4 9.8 8.0 5.8 5.7

Annual percentage change 2006 3 7

2007 35 22

2007 0.11

Share in world total imports

2007 0.10

6.4 80.9 12.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

48.7 21.8 29.6

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

a Break in series for merchandise: 2004. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

162

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 2 565

Total 2 565

TAIPEI, CHINESE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

23 037 391 564 ... 24 638 22 804 137.5 2008 130 166 131

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 2002 Trade Policy Review date 20, 22 June 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 6.5 6.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 17.8 16.9 Non-agricultural goods 4.8 4.5 1.1 1.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 47.2 in non-agricultural goods 74.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 119 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 255 629 240 448 2008 1.59

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. Hong Kong, China 3. United States 4. European Union (27) 5. Japan

1.9 9.6 87.0 26.1 12.8 12.1 11.0 6.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 33 569 33 627

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 18 12 28 15

Annual percentage change 2007 6 9 4

2000-2008 3 7 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 10 8

2000-2008 7 7

2008 0 0 -4 1.804 ... ... 6 2-2 5 ... 0 3-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 4 10 2008 1.46

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Japan 2. China 3. United States 4. European Union (27) 5. Saudi Arabia

5.2 33.5 59.6 19.4 13.1 11.0 8.2 6.3

Annual percentage change 2007 7 8

2000-2008 7 4

Imports 18 12 29 18

2008 8 -2

2008 0.89

Share in world total imports

2008 0.96

21.2 15.4 63.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

34.0 25.1 40.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

TRADE PROFILES 2009

163

TAJIKISTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

6 836 5 134 13 027 - 495 615 138.6 2008 195 161 174

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 11.4 Non-agricultural goods 7.4 0.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 1 406 3 270

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 9 6 7

Exports 137 111 163 137

Annual percentage change 2007 8 -1 2

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected (%, 2000-2001) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 8 22

Annual percentage change 2007 5 43

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 14.4 Agricultural products 59.3 Fuels and mining products 11.3 Manufactures By main origin 37.4 1. Uzbekistan 35.3 2. Russian Federation 14.1 3. Ukraine 10.4 4. Kazakhstan 0.8 5. European Union (27)

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Russian Federation 2. European Union (27) 3. Uzbekistan 4. Switzerland 5. Kazakhstan COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 116 590

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 9 40

Imports 134 108 135 109

2008 8 2 4 20.4 1.8 4-0 -

2008 -4 33 2008 a 0.02

10.4 35.8 48.9 28.8 16.2 13.1 12.8 12.8

Annual percentage change 2006 7 57

2007 6 50

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.02

53.9 2.8 43.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

24.1 1.1 74.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 187

Non-residents 250

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 437

a Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2000.

164

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 2 298

Total 2 298

TANZANIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

42 484 20 490 53 655 - 1 856 256 61.4 2008 170 187 128

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 October 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 13.4 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 120.0 12.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 120.0 19.9 Non-agricultural goods 120.0 11.5 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.7 in non-agricultural goods 67.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 1 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 3 037 7 081

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) b Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 11 4

Exports 115 91 92 66

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 ... 21

Annual percentage change 2007 16 26

2008 c 0.02 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 31.1 Agricultural products 6.8 Fuels and mining products 15.4 Manufactures By main origin 20.5 1. European Union (27) 19.7 2. United Arab Emirates 9.5 3. South Africa 7.3 4. India 5.8 5. China

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Switzerland 2. European Union (27) 3. South Africa 4. China 5. Kenya COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 935 1 631

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2008 16 13

Imports 102 77 107 81

2008 7 ... ... 0.028 ... ... 40 4-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 36 33 2008 c 0.04

13.9 34.6 51.5 17.7 13.2 10.1 8.7 7.0

Annual percentage change 2007 14 17

2008 16 15

2008 0.05

Share in world total imports

2008 0.05

18.9 60.5 20.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

40.3 47.9 11.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2001 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents 15

Madrid ...

Total 15

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006. b Break in series for merchandise: 2006 for exports. c Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

165

THAILAND BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

67 386 260 693 519 049 - 113 5 250 151.5 2008 145 152 153

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 26, 28 November 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 74.7 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 28.6 10.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 42.7 25.2 Non-agricultural goods 25.6 8.2 18.7 10.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.4 in non-agricultural goods 48.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 75 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 177 844 178 655 2008 1.11

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. Japan 4. China 5. Singapore

17.8 7.6 71.5 13.2 11.4 11.3 9.1 5.7

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 33 393 46 314

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 6 6

Exports 26 18 29 16

Annual percentage change 2007 5 7 4

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 14

Annual percentage change 2007 17 9

2008 3 ... ... 1.036 6.8 1.7 20 7-4 22 ... 0 13 - 3 5-1 0-0 0-0

2008 17 28 2008 1.09

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Japan 2. China 3. European Union (27) 4. United States 5. United Arab Emirates

2000-2008 12 15

Imports 25 17 19 10

6.5 25.9 64.0 18.7 11.2 8.0 6.4 6.3

Annual percentage change 2007 22 16

2008 11 21

2008 0.88

Share in world total imports

2008 1.33

21.8 52.8 25.3

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

49.6 11.3 39.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 116

Non-residents 116

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 232

Direct residents 14 769

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

166

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 9 871

Madrid ...

Total 24 640

TOGO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

6 459 2 823 5 357 - 216 372 93.3 2008 119 138 116

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 31 May 1995 Trade Policy Review date 3, 5 July 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 14.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 80.0 11.9 Agricultural goods (AOA) 80.0 14.5 Non-agricultural goods 80.0 11.5 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 0.0 in non-agricultural goods 8.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 900 1 540

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 151 125 151 125

Annual percentage change 2007 2 ... ...

2000-2008 2 7 3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 8 12

2000-2008 12 13

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 242 389

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

53.5 17.3 29.2

21.4 5.8 41 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 29 10

43.3 15.8 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.9

2008 b 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

0.015

8.6 16.0 30.0

Annual percentage change 2007 24 16

2000-2008 23 16

2008 1 ... ...

2008 b 0.01

2008 b Share in world total imports 0.01 Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 10.2 Agricultural products 5.2 Fuels and mining products 25.2 Manufactures By main origin 12.7 1. European Union (27) 10.9 2. China 9.8 3. United States 9.7 4. Ghana 7.1 5. South Africa 20.0 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Niger 2. Benin 3. India 4. Burkina Faso 5. Mali Unspecified destinations

Imports 156 130 151 125

2008 22 28 2008 b 0.01

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

71.2 5.5 23.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2005 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2005. b Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2007. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

167

TONGA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

104 264 396 - 24 1 841 80.4 2008 111 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 27 July 2007 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 17.6 15.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.2 14.1 Non-agricultural goods 17.3 15.8 0.0 1.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments 90 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 10 170

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 1 ... ...

Exports 203 177 184 158

Annual percentage change 2007 0 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 1 12

Annual percentage change 2007 -11 23

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 91.8 Agricultural products 0.0 Fuels and mining products 5.0 Manufactures By main origin 33.3 1. New Zealand 30.7 2. Singapore 13.1 3. Australia 7.1 4. United States 4.3 5. Fiji

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. New Zealand 2. United States 3. Japan 4. Australia 5. Samoa COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 26 44

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

2000-2007 9 13

Imports 194 168 188 162

2008 1 ... ... 0.015 ... ... 24 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 12 19 2008 a 0.00

35.7 16.7 40.8 33.8 21.3 11.6 10.2 9.1

Annual percentage change 2006 -25 13

2007 17 -13

2007 0.00

Share in world total imports

2007 0.00

14.4 56.0 29.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

67.3 23.0 9.7

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2002 Total ...

Direct residents ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2000 and by destination/origin refer to 2007.

168

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 6

Madrid ...

Total 6

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

1 338 23 898 33 105 5 364 15 278 110.5 2008 180 135 164

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date 14, 16 September 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 55.7 7.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 90.2 18.1 Non-agricultural goods 50.5 5.9 0.0 0.3 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 27.9 in non-agricultural goods 78.8 Services sectors with GATS commitments 32 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 16 929 9 973

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.11

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Jamaica 4. Mexico 5. Barbados

2.2 70.1 27.7 46.0 14.3 6.7 3.2 2.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 910 320

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 6 10

Exports 74 52 109 83

Annual percentage change 2007 5 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 19 15

Annual percentage change 2007 -5 18

2008 3 ... ... 0.053 5.7 4.0 8 3-2 2 ... 0 0-2 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 26 30 2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Brazil 4. Colombia 5. Gabon

2000-2007 8 -2

Imports 92 67 152 126

8.4 39.2 48.4 24.0 13.3 11.8 7.9 6.1

Annual percentage change 2006 -9 -34

2007 14 3

2007 0.03

Share in world total imports

2007 0.01

25.2 50.9 23.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

53.7 29.3 17.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 2

Non-residents 79

Trademark registrations by office, 2002 Total 81

Direct residents 225

Direct non-residents 949

Madrid ...

Total 1 174

a Refers to 2005 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2005.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

169

TUNISIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

10 327 40 180 82 572 - 904 4 039 116.7 2008 147 149 139

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 29 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date 5, 7 October 2005 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 57.6 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 57.9 21.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 116.1 40.9 Non-agricultural goods 40.5 18.6 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.3 in non-agricultural goods 35.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 20 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 19 319 24 622

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.12

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 3. India 4. Switzerland 5. Algeria Unspecified destinations

9.4 19.0 71.6 72.1 4.5 3.1 2.4 2.1 2.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 5 572 3 001

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 5 4

Exports 71 49 63 41

Annual percentage change 2007 6 8 6

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2006-2008) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 16 14

Annual percentage change 2007 30 27

2008 5 8 10 0.121 8.2 2.8 21 6-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 27 29 2008 0.15

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 4. China 5. United States Unspecified origins

2000-2008 10 13

Imports 68 46 80 55

12.1 23.2 64.6 57.3 7.5 4.4 3.7 3.0 1.3

Annual percentage change 2007 14 14

2008 17 13

2008 0.15

Share in world total imports

2008 0.09

30.7 52.6 16.7

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

56.6 15.8 27.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1996 Residents 31

170

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 115

Trademark registrations by office, 1996 Total 146

Direct residents 984

Direct non-residents 1 900

Madrid ...

Total 2 884

TURKEY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

73 914 794 228 1 028 897 - 41 685 4 424 48.9 2008 145 171 189

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 26 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date 10, 12 December 2007 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 50.4 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 28.3 9.7 Agricultural goods (AOA) 60.1 42.2 Non-agricultural goods 16.9 4.8 0.1 0.6 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 30.6 in non-agricultural goods 38.4 Services sectors with GATS commitments 77 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 132 002 201 961 2008 0.82

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United Arab Emirates 3. Russian Federation 4. United States 5. Iraq Unspecified destinations

8.5 9.0 78.6 48.8 6.0 4.9 3.3 3.0 3.1

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 34 492 16 234

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 7 8

Exports 32 22 27 14

Annual percentage change 2007 5 7 11

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 18

Annual percentage change 2007 25 22

2008 4 5 5 0.841 ... ... 41 15 - 0 93 0 11 2-8 1-2 0-0 0-0

2008 23 19 2008 1.23

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. China 4. United States 5. Iran, Islamic Rep. of Unspecified origins

2000-2008 8 10

Imports 20 13 42 25

6.5 31.2 58.4 37.1 15.5 7.8 5.9 4.1 0.7

Annual percentage change 2007 13 36

2008 22 15

2008 0.91

Share in world total imports

2008 0.47

22.6 63.5 13.9

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

46.4 21.6 32.0

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 296

Non-residents 332

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 628

Direct residents 41 096

Direct non-residents 3 621

Madrid 8 581

Total 53 298

TRADE PROFILES 2009

171

TURKMENISTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 1997) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

5 028 18 269 33 389 - 580 ... ... 2008 295 190 165

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Non-member and non-observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) Applied MFN tariffs Final bound Simple average of import duties All goods ... Agricultural goods (AOA) ... Non-agricultural goods ... ... Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 11 920 5 670

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 14 14 10

Exports 81 58 95 69

Annual percentage change 2007 12 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 22 16

Annual percentage change 2007 11 41

2008 b 0.07 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 10.2 Agricultural products 81.4 Fuels and mining products 6.9 Manufactures By main origin 41.1 1. Russian Federation 19.3 2. Turkey 9.7 3. European Union (27) 7.4 4. Ukraine 6.6 5. United Arab Emirates

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Russian Federation 2. European Union (27) 3. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 4. Turkey 5. Ukraine COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 ... ...

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 ...

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

2000-2008 ... ...

Imports 109 84 94 68

2008 10 ... ... ... ... 4-0 -

2008 51 57 2008 b 0.03

12.1 2.2 79.8 14.3 14.2 13.3 12.0 8.9

Annual percentage change 2007 ... ...

2008 ... ... 2008 ...

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 1999 Residents 32

Non-residents 63

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 95

Direct residents ...

a Refers to 2005 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2005. b Breakdowns by commodity group and by destination/origin refer to 2000.

172

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 2 763

Total 2 763

UGANDA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

31 657 14 529 36 871 - 1 088 212 53.6 2008 178 247 253

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 25, 27 October 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 15.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 73.4 12.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 77.7 19.8 Non-agricultural goods 50.6 11.5 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 18.5 in non-agricultural goods 58.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 5 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 180 4 526

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Sudan 3. Kenya 4. Switzerland 5. Rwanda

46.1 4.2 26.6 26.7 14.3 9.5 9.0 7.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 554 1 177

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 12 12

Exports 123 98 125 99

Annual percentage change 2007 9 12 17

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2004-2006) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 14

Annual percentage change 2007 42 37

2008 10 7 28 0.016 27.8 12.1 18 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 29 30 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United Arab Emirates 3. Kenya 4. India 5. China

2000-2008 13 13

Imports 118 92 116 90

14.0 20.3 65.5 19.4 11.4 11.3 10.4 8.1

Annual percentage change 2007 11 27

2008 5 23

2008 0.01

Share in world total imports

2008 0.03

4.3 64.2 31.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

70.0 13.2 16.8

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents 629

Madrid ...

Total 629

TRADE PROFILES 2009

173

UKRAINE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

46 258 180 355 336 355 - 12 933 3 026 98.0 2008 171 130 186

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 16 May 2008 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.8 5.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 11.1 13.0 Non-agricultural goods 5.0 4.4 0.1 4.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 23.0 in non-agricultural goods 54.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 137 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 67 003 85 534

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.42

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Turkey 4. Belarus 5. United States

16.9 13.0 69.6 27.1 23.5 6.9 3.1 2.9

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 17 302 15 104

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 3 8

Exports 47 32 41 24

Annual percentage change 2007 8 3 20

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 21 25

Annual percentage change 2007 28 35

2008 2 2 13 0.341 6.0 2.7 5 14 - 0 21 ... 1 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 36 41 2008 0.52

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. Russian Federation 3. Turkmenistan 4. China 5. Kazakhstan

2000-2008 21 25

Imports 38 24 44 27

8.2 30.8 59.2 33.8 22.7 6.6 6.6 3.6

Annual percentage change 2007 26 29

2008 27 37

2008 0.46

Share in world total imports

2008 0.43

44.1 33.3 22.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

39.5 26.6 33.9

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2006 Residents 2 505

174

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 1 200

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 3 705

Direct residents 12 130

Direct non-residents 3 245

Madrid 9 372

Total 24 747

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2006) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2006) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2004-2006)

4 484 163 296 226 070 22 278 82 688 162.6 2006 152 159 174

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 10 April 1996 Trade Policy Review date 24, 26 April 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 14.7 5.0 Agricultural goods (AOA) 25.4 7.1 Non-agricultural goods 13.1 4.7 0.0 0.2 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2005) in agricultural goods (AOA) 46.7 in non-agricultural goods 16.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 46 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 231 550 165 620 2008 1.44

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Taipei, Chinese 2. Japan 3. India 4. Iran, Islamic Rep. of 5. European Union (27) Unspecified destinations

3.4 53.6 38.9 21.6 16.4 7.3 3.2 2.2 33.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 8 958 42 773

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 19 13 53 34

Annual percentage change 2005 8 ... ...

2000-2006 7 12 15

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 24 32

2000-2008 21 21

2006 9 ... ... 0.811 ... ... 26 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 28 25 2008 1.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. India 4. United States 5. Japan Unspecified origins

8.8 7.2 76.2 22.2 9.9 9.6 7.0 6.6 13.1

Annual percentage change 2007 19 37

2000-2008 22 23

Imports 27 18 24 15

2008 21 28

2008 0.24

Share in world total imports

2008 1.23

20.1 79.9 0.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

59.6 31.1 9.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

Total ...

a Refers to 2004 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2004.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

175

UNITED KINGDOM BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

61 399 2 645 593 2 176 263 - 45 670 24 943 58.4 2008 121 126 136

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 6, 8 April 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 5.5 5.6 Agricultural goods (AOA) 15.9 16.0 Non-agricultural goods 3.9 4.0 4.8 5.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 51.3 in non-agricultural goods 53.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 115 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 458 572 632 017 2008 2.85

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Switzerland 5. Russian Federation COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

6.5 18.0 71.0 56.3 14.1 2.0 1.9 1.7

Value 2008 282 961 196 167

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 3 5

Exports 10 2 -

Annual percentage change 2007 3 -5 -3

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 8

Annual percentage change 2007 -2 4

2008 1 ... ... 5.292 ... ... 31 28 - 5 143 10 0 81 - 66 33 - 25 4-4 4-3

2008 4 1 2008 3.85

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. United States 3. China 4. Norway 5. Japan

2000-2008 11 9

Imports 6 3 -

10.6 16.4 67.8 52.6 8.7 7.9 5.9 2.3

Annual percentage change 2007 20 15

2008 1 0

2008 7.49

Share in world total imports

2008 5.62

13.7 12.9 73.5

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

19.3 35.6 45.1

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 2 058

Non-residents 3 872

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 5 930

Direct residents 21 813

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007.

176

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 4 217

Madrid 5 936

Total 31 966

UNITED STATES BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

304 060 14 204 322 14 204 322 - 614 359 13 066 28.7 2008 119 119 131

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 9, 11 June 2008 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100.0 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 3.5 3.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 4.8 5.3 Non-agricultural goods 3.3 3.3 8.2 9.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 39.6 in non-agricultural goods 49.1 Services sectors with GATS commitments 110 MERCHANDISE TRADE Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Value 2008 1 287 442 2 169 487 2008 8.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Canada 3. Mexico 4. China 5. Japan COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

10.9 9.8 74.8 21.2 20.1 11.7 5.5 5.1

Value 2008 521 378 367 911 2008 13.80

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

17.4 25.9 56.7

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 2 3 5

Exports 3 3 1 2

Annual percentage change 2007 2 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 6 7

Annual percentage change 2007 12 5

2008 1 ... ... 13.486 1.0 1.3 16 11 - 10 220 29 0 93 - 107 33 - 55 6 - 12 11 - 4

2008 12 7 2008 13.21

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. European Union (27) 2. China 3. Canada 4. Mexico 5. Japan

2000-2008 8 7

Imports 1 2 1 2

5.3 25.7 65.3 17.4 16.5 15.7 10.1 6.6

Annual percentage change 2007 16 9

2008 10 8 2008 10.54

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

28.5 23.2 48.3

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 79 527

Non-residents 77 756

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 157 283

Direct residents 138 867

Direct non-residents 31 467

Madrid 2 093

Total 172 427

a Refers to 2006 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2006.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

177

URUGUAY BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

3 334 32 186 42 456 - 1 119 4 448 58.0 2008 128 158 145

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 17, 19 May 2006 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 31.6 10.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 33.9 10.1 Non-agricultural goods 31.2 10.6 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 21.8 in non-agricultural goods 42.7 Services sectors with GATS commitments 30 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 949 8 933

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.04

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Brazil 3. Argentina 4. Russian Federation 5. Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela Unspecified destinations

69.4 3.6 25.9 19.3 16.6 8.5 5.6 4.0 9.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 2 131 1 373

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 3 6 5

Exports 98 74 87 61

Annual percentage change 2007 8 8 7

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected (%, 2005-2007) in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 13 13

Annual percentage change 2007 13 17

2008 9 10 20 0.037 6.8 4.4 17 3-1 ... ... 0 1-1 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 32 59 2008 0.05

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. Argentina 2. Brazil 3. China 4. Russian Federation 5. European Union (27) Unspecified origins

2000-2008 7 6

Imports 97 72 111 85

10.1 30.6 59.3 25.2 18.1 10.2 9.6 8.6 0.1

Annual percentage change 2007 31 16

2008 20 27

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports

2008 0.04

30.5 48.9 20.6

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.4 26.0 23.5

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2004 Residents 4

178

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Non-residents 82

Trademark registrations by office, 2006 Total 86

Direct residents 2 333

Direct non-residents 2 769

Madrid ...

Total 5 102

UZBEKISTAN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

27 314 27 918 72 547 ... 570 68.3 2008 167 186 231

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 15.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 19.5 Non-agricultural goods 14.9 4.5 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports in agricultural goods (AOA) ... in non-agricultural goods ... Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 10 369 7 076

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 1 204 428

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 7 8 11

Exports 84 61 106 80

Annual percentage change 2007 10 32 37

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 18 13

Annual percentage change 2007 43 11

2008 9 16 20 ... ... 4-0 -

2008 29 46 2008 0.04

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ...

2000-2008 13 7

Imports 103 78 149 123

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Annual percentage change 2007 24 -3

2008 25 10 2008 0.01

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2007 Residents 128

Non-residents 184

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 312

Direct residents 446

Direct non-residents 639

Madrid 2 960

Total 4 045

TRADE PROFILES 2009

179

VANUATU BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2006-2008) Trade to GDP ratio (2006-2008)

231 574 920 - 34 2 134 96.8 2008 128 ... ...

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 16.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 32.0 Non-agricultural goods 13.8 1.4 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 6.6 in non-agricultural goods 15.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 42 287

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

Exports 186 160 154 128

Annual percentage change 2007 7 ... ...

2000-2008 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU) Annual percentage change 2007 -19 26

2000-2008 6 16

2008 a 0.00 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 77.4 Agricultural products 0.1 Fuels and mining products 7.1 Manufactures By main origin 17.0 1. Australia 13.9 2. New Zealand 9.8 3. Singapore 6.9 4. Fiji 5.4 5. China 26.7 Unspecified origins

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. European Union (27) 2. Philippines 3. New Caledonia 4. Fiji 5. Japan Unspecified destinations COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 212 89

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

18.0 67.1 14.9

... ... 3-0 -

2008 41 42

22.7 16.5 58.3 31.1 16.8 12.4 9.1 6.6 0.5

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 7 ... ...

2008 a 0.00

Annual percentage change 2007 26 6

2000-2008 8 5

Imports 189 163 181 155

2008 20 27 2008 a 0.00

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

64.7 15.1 20.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office Total ...

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid ...

a Breakdowns by commodity group refer to 2000 and by destination/origin refer to 2007. Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

180

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Total ...

VIET NAM BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

86 211 90 705 240 093 - 6 992 1 145 159.4 2008 179 342 371

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 11 January 2007 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 100 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2007 Simple average of import duties All goods 11.4 16.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 18.5 24.2 Non-agricultural goods 10.4 15.7 0.0 0.0 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 32.5 in non-agricultural goods 34.2 Services sectors with GATS commitments 105 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 62 906 80 416

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 8 19 21

Exports 51 36 61 39

Annual percentage change 2007 8 21 31

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 20 23

Annual percentage change 2007 22 40

2008 b 0.39 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 22.1 Agricultural products 21.8 Fuels and mining products 52.0 Manufactures By main origin 20.8 1. China 18.7 2. Singapore 12.5 3. Taipei, Chinese 7.8 4. Japan 7.5 5. Korea, Republic of

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. United States 2. European Union (27) 3. Japan 4. Australia 5. China COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 6 300 8 615

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2008 0.17

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

2000-2008 11 13

Imports 41 25 56 37

2008 6 ... ... 0.247 ... ... 30 4-2 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 30 28 2008 b 0.49

9.6 18.9 65.3 20.3 12.1 11.1 9.9 8.5

Annual percentage change 2007 18 36

2008 4 24 2008 0.25

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2000 Residents 12

Non-residents 715

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 727

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 4 011

Total 4 011

a Refers to 2007 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2007. b Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

TRADE PROFILES 2009

181

YEMEN BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005) Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005)

23 053 26 576 55 330 - 1 508 506 74.7 2008 136 100 126

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) a TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date Observer Trade Policy Review date Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2006 Simple average of import duties All goods 7.1 Agricultural goods (AOA) 10.2 Non-agricultural goods 6.6 2.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2006) in agricultural goods (AOA) 13.2 in non-agricultural goods 3.3 Services sectors with GATS commitments MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 8 977 9 960

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.06

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. China 2. Thailand 3. India 4. United Arab Emirates 5. Korea, Republic of

4.4 75.1 4.9 31.2 24.0 8.0 7.6 6.3

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2008 593 2 128

Commercial services exports (million US$) b Commercial services imports (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 4 0 8

Exports 89 65 124 98

Annual percentage change 2007 3 ... ...

Contribution to WTO budget Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping Countervailing duties Safeguards Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 10 20

Annual percentage change 2007 -4 40

Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

7.8 73.5 18.6

... ... 1-0 -

2008 27 17

24.8 31.0 44.1 17.8 13.7 7.5 7.3 6.3

Annual percentage change 2007 ... 1

2008 c 0.02 Share in world total imports

Share in world total exports

2008 4 ... ...

2008 0.06

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. United Arab Emirates 2. European Union (27) 3. China 4. United States 5. Kuwait

2000-2008 ... 14

Imports 93 68 95 69

2008 3 18 2008 c 0.06

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

50.5 10.1 39.4

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office Residents ...

Non-residents ...

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total ...

Direct residents 978

a Refers to 2003 values and to the average annual percentage change for 2000-2003. b Break in series for commercial services: 2007 for exports. c Breakdowns by services items refer to 2007.

182

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Direct non-residents 1 498

Madrid ...

Total 2 476

ZAMBIA BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2008) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2007) Trade per capita (US$, 2005-2007) Trade to GDP ratio (2005-2007)

12 620 14 314 17 110 - 505 604 74.5 2008 151 499 329

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 1 January 1995 Trade Policy Review date 27, 29 July 2009 Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 16.8 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 106.4 13.8 Agricultural goods (AOA) 123.3 19.3 Non-agricultural goods 42.2 13.0 0.0 2.1 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 3.8 in non-agricultural goods 29.5 Services sectors with GATS commitments 16 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 5 089 5 106

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

2008 0.03

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. Switzerland 2. South Africa 3. Egypt 4. European Union (27) 5. Congo, Dem. Rep. of

6.7 79.5 13.7 49.8 10.4 7.5 6.4 5.6

COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2007 279 886

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$) Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2008 5 22 16

Exports 102 78 150 124

Annual percentage change 2007 6 21 16

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 24 23

Annual percentage change 2007 22 29

2008 6 21 15 0.020 ... ... 25 2-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 10 29 2008 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main origin 1. South Africa 2. Congo, Dem. Rep. of 3. Kuwait 4. European Union (27) 5. China

2000-2007 14 16

Imports 113 88 123 97

6.0 28.3 64.9 42.6 10.6 10.2 10.1 4.5

Annual percentage change 2006 10 26

2007 22 58

2007 0.01

Share in world total imports

2007 0.03

34.5 49.5 16.0

Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

46.5 6.3 47.2

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2001 Residents ...

Non-residents 29

Trademark registrations by office, 2007 Total 29

Direct residents ...

Direct non-residents ...

Madrid 1 127

Total 1 127

TRADE PROFILES 2009

183

ZIMBABWE BASIC INDICATORS Population (thousands, 2008) GDP (million current US$, 2005) GDP (million current PPP US$, 2008) Current account balance (million US$, 2008) Trade per capita (US$, 2000-2002) Trade to GDP ratio (2000-2002)

12 463 3 418 ... ... 375 35.5 2005 76 71 83

Real GDP (2000=100) Exports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) Imports of goods and services (volume, 2000=100) TRADE POLICY

WTO accession date 5 March 1995 Trade Policy Review date ... Tariffs and duty free imports Tariff binding coverage (%) 21.2 MFN tariffs Final bound Applied 2008 Simple average of import duties All goods 91.7 25.5 Agricultural goods (AOA) 140.1 25.4 Non-agricultural goods 10.8 25.5 0.5 6.8 Non ad-valorem duties (% total tariff lines) MFN duty free imports (%, 2007) in agricultural goods (AOA) 21.6 in non-agricultural goods 13.9 Services sectors with GATS commitments 21 MERCHANDISE TRADE

Value 2008 2 150 2 950

Merchandise exports , f.o.b. (million US$) Merchandise imports , c.i.f. (million US$)

Rank in world trade, 2008 Merchandise excluding intra-EU trade Commercial services excluding intra-EU trade

2000-2005 -5 -7 -4

Exports 124 99 170 144

Annual percentage change 2004 -4 2 2

Contribution to WTO budget (%, 2009) Import duties collected in total tax revenue to total imports Number of notifications to WTO and measures in force Outstanding notifications in WTO Central Registry Goods RTAs - services EIAs notified to WTO Anti-dumping (30 June 2008) Countervailing duties (30 June 2008) Safeguards (28 October 2008) Number of disputes (complainant - defendant) Requests for consultation Original panel / Appellate Body (AB) reports Compliance panel / AB reports (Article 21.5 DSU) Arbitration awards (Article 22.6 DSU)

2000-2008 1 6

Annual percentage change 2007 15 13

2008 a 0.01 Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By main commodity group (ITS) 44.4 Agricultural products 24.3 Fuels and mining products 31.1 Manufactures By main origin 37.4 1. South Africa 16.5 2. Botswana 13.0 3. European Union (27) 6.1 4. China 4.0 5. Mozambique

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By main commodity group (ITS) Agricultural products Fuels and mining products Manufactures By main destination 1. South Africa 2. European Union (27) 3. Mozambique 4. Botswana 5. Switzerland COMMERCIAL SERVICES TRADE

Value 2002 208 447

Commercial services exports (million US$) Commercial services imports (million US$)

2002 0.01

Share in world total exports Breakdown in economy's total exports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

2000-2002 -20 -5

Imports 139 113 166 140

2005 -5 -3 -3 0.017 ... ... 38 3-0 ... ... 0 0-0 0-0 0-0 0-0

2008 -7 16 2008 a 0.02

21.2 24.2 54.4 42.8 11.4 8.3 5.7 4.8

Annual percentage change 2001 -26 -11

2002 -14 2 2002 0.03

Share in world total imports Breakdown in economy's total imports By principal services item Transportation Travel Other commercial services

... ... ...

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Patent grants by patent office, 2001 Residents ...

Non-residents 29

a Breakdowns by destination/origin refer to 2007.

184

TRADE PROFILES 2009

Trademark registrations by office, 2001 Total 29

Direct residents 2

Direct non-residents 18

Madrid ...

Total 20

TECHNICAL NOTES BASIC INDICATORS Trade per capita is estimated as an economy’s total trade of goods and commercial services (exports + imports, balance of payments basis) divided by the population. It is calculated on the basis of data for the three latest years available. Trade to GDP ratio is estimated as an economy’s total trade of goods and commercial services (exports + imports, balance of payments basis) divided by GDP, on the basis of data for the three latest years available. GDP is measured in nominal terms and with market exchange rates. Real GDP, exports and imports of goods and services (national accounts based), refer to data at constant prices or volume figures based on 2000. Ranks in world trade of merchandise and commercial services are defined first referring to European Union (EU (27)) members as individual traders and second referring to the EU (27) as one trader (i.e. excluding individual EU (27) members).

TRADE POLICY The Trade Policy Review date indicates the date of the latest policy review for the economy considered. The tariff binding coverage corresponds to the number of the Harmonized System (HS) subheadings containing at least one bound tariff line divided by the respective total number of HS subheadings of the corresponding version of the HS nomenclature. For MFN bound tariffs, the simple average of import duties refers to the simple average of ad-valorem (AV ) and calculable ad-valorem equivalent (AVE) of final bound HS 6-digit duties. For MFN applied tariffs it refers to the simple average of AV and calculable AVE of MFN applied HS 6-digit duties. The non-AV duties as a percentage of total tariff lines refer to the share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to non-AV duties. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is subject to non-AV duties the percentage share of these tariff lines is used. Agricultural goods according to the AOA (WTO Agreement on Agriculture) definition refer to HS chapters 1 to 24 (excluding fish and fish products) and a number of manufactured agricultural products (for further information see “The Legal Texts, The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Negotiations”, WTO). This definition does not correspond to the definition of agricultural products presented in the breakdown of merchandise trade by main commodity group (see below). Import duties collected in total tax revenue and import duties collected to total imports (goods and commercial services) are estimated in general on the basis of data for the three latest years available. The number of services sectors with GATS commitments has been established by the WTO Secretariat on the basis of available information and in the light of the Services Sectoral Classification List (MTN. GNS/W/120). The total number of sub-sectors is in the order of 160. In the absence of a GATS schedule for the EU (27), the total number of services sub-sectors listed in the statistical profiles of the individual EC-12 members and of the EU (27) is that of the existing European Communities (EC) schedule. For EU (27) members the number of notifications outstanding (NO) refers to the sum of NO of the EC and of the individual economy. The number of contingency measures in force is based on information made available to relevant committees (annual reports G\L\861, G\L\862 and G\L\869). Please note that there is no obligation on WTO Members to notify the expiry or termination of safeguard measures. For the number of disputes, a dispute is understood to be a proceeding initiated under the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU) and identified by a reference number (WT/DS...). Reports refer to those adopted by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). For EU (27) individual members the numbers refer to the EC figures including those for individual members prior to their accession to the EC. For more information refer to www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/dispu_e.htm. TRADE PROFILES 2009

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MERCHANDISE TRADE (customs-based statistics) The share in world total exports and imports of merchandise for individual economies is calculated using world trade including intra-EU (27) trade. For the EU (27) as one trading reporter the share is calculated on the basis of world trade excluding intra-EU (27) trade. Breakdown by main commodity group according to the ITS (WTO International Trade Statistics) definitions: Agricultural products refer to food (SITC Rev. 3 sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22) and raw materials (SITC Rev. 3 divisions 21, 23, 24, 25 and 26). It differs from the Agricultural goods AOA definition (see above). Fuels and mining products include ores and other minerals; fuels and non-ferrous metals. Manufactures refer to iron and steel, chemicals, other semi-manufactures, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, clothing and other consumer goods. Please note that due to the products not classified in the three main product groups, the sum of shares may not add up to a 100. Breakdown by main destination and origin: EU (27) members are grouped as one trading partner. Shares for unspecified destinations/origins are presented when at least one of the shares is greater than the share of the fifth main destination/origin. Re-imports are also included.

COMMERCIAL SERVICES (balance of payments based statistics) The share in world total exports and imports of commercial services for individual economies is calculated using world trade including intra-EU (27) trade. For the EU (27) as one trading reporter the share is calculated on the basis of world trade excluding intra-EU (27) trade. Breakdown by principal services items: Other commercial services refer to communication, construction, insurance, financial, computer, information, other business, and personal, cultural and recreational services, and royalties and license fees.

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY Data refer to the annual number of patents granted to (including those based on PCT international applications) and trademark registrations effected (including designations under the Madrid Agreement or Protocol) in the name of residents and non-residents of the considered economy.

EU (27) refers to the EU members as of January 2007, including EC-12 members (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom) and Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Sweden. The Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu is referred to as Taipei, Chinese in the tables.

Statistical sources: Eurostat, New Cronos and Comext databases; IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics and Government Finance Statistics; UNCTAD, TRAINS database; UNSD, Comtrade database (for OECD members, UNSDOECD Joint Trade Data Collection and Processing System); World Bank, World Development Indicators; WIPO, Industrial Property Statistics; WTO and national statistics.

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WTO MEMBERS AND OBSERVERS

Members Observers Other

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory.

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NOTES

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TRADE PROFILES 2009

World Trade Organization

9 789287 036940

Trade Profiles 2009

ISBN 978-92-870-3694-0

WTO 2009

Trade Profiles provides the latest information on the trade flows and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other selected economies. With information for each country provided in a standardized format, the publication is an invaluable quick reference tool for anyone looking for essential trade statistics. The data provided for each country include basic economic indicators (such as GDP), trade policy indicators (such as tariffs, import duties, number of disputes, notifications outstanding and contingency measures in force), merchandise trade flows (broken down by broad product categories and major origins and destinations), services trade flows (with a breakdown by major components) and industrial property indicators. With one page devoted to each country, Trade Profiles offers a concise overview of global trade.

Trade Profiles 2009