W. R. Thomas Middle School 7th Grade Science Summer Packet 2015

Name: Elementary School:

Name:

ID:A

__ D The drawing

shows a wave drawn by a science teacher. A horizontal line is running through the middle of the wave.

Wave

The students can draw a vertical line from the horizontal line to the top of the wave and determine the F

G H J

amplitude. frequency. period. wavelength.

__II The diagram

illustrates the interaction of waves with the ocean floor.

Which zone shows waves with the longest wavelength? A B C D

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone4

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Name:

ID:A

__II Jaime was playing outside on a very cold day. As he ran inside to eat lunch, he turned

the

kitchen faucet on to wash his hands. Although the water was normal drinking water temperature, he noticed that the water seemed hotter than usual. What would explain this phenomenon? F G H J

His body had more kinetic energy than the water. Heat flows from a cooler substance to a warmer substance. The water from the faucet had more heat energy than his hands. The temperature in the room was greater than the temperature outside.

__II A student

put a cube of butter on a metal rod. Then he put the other end of the rod in a beaker of hot water.

The butter melted in ten minutes. Which BEST explains why the butter melted? A

B C D

Thermal energy heated the metal rod which conducted heat to the butter. Electrical energy heated the metal rod which conducted heat to the butter. Chemical energy heated the metal rod which conducted heat to the butter. Mechanical energy heated the metal rod which conducted heat to the butter.

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Name:

ID:A

__ II In an investigation, water is placed in a glass container

and placed on a hot plate.

Water Heated on Hot Plate

As the water is heated, the cooler, denser water at the surface sinks and pushes the warmer water to the top. The arrows shown on the beaker represent F G H J

phase changes. convection currents. electromagnetic radiation. energy transfer by conduction.

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Name:

IO:A

__a Jennifer

is in a room that has a temperature of 25°C (77°F). Before pouring cold water into a glass, Jennifer notices that the ice in the pitcher is melting.

What would be the BEST way for her to describe how thermal energy is transferred? A B

C D

Heat Cold Heat Cold

moves moves moves moves

from from from from

the the the the

ice into the water. ice into the water. room into the water. water into the room.

__a Through which medium would sound travel the fastest? F

air G space H steel J water

__a A radio station broadcasts thunderstorms. A

B C D

radio waves across a large area. The area is experiencing Which wave property remains constant during the broadcast?

wavelength amplitude frequency speed

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Name:

ID: A

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____ em

____m

During a 4th of July celebration, scientists were measuring sound waves as the fireworks exploded. Which illustration indicates that the fireworks were becoming louder?

Brittany pedaled her bicycle quickly on a level surface. When she quit pedaling and coasted, the bicycle slowed and came to a stop. What happened to the energy of the moving bicycle as it coasted to a stop? A

B C D

____ CD

It was It was It was It was

given off due to friction. reabsorbed into Brittany's joints and muscles. stored in the bicycle wheels as potential energy. transferred to the air in the form of visible light.

Alicia gives her brother a push while he is seated on a swing. She finds that after a few seconds, she needs to push again to keep him going. The reason her brother slows down is because the mechanical energy is converted into F G H J

potential energy that heats the air. chemical energy that moves the swing. kinetic energy that makes the swing slow down. thermal energy that is released into the atmosphere.

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Name:

__

ID: A

CD

When a bowling ball is rolling down the alley towards the pins, the energy in the ball is A

B C

D

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Based on the energy in a gallon of gasoline, an engineer estimated that at 100% efficiency a car should get 100 miles per gallon. After testing, the engineer noted that the car only got 25 miles per gallon. Why was the mileage per gallon so much less than he estimated? F G H J

__

CD

stored in the ball until it hits the pins. increased as friction is applied to the ball. converted from kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy. converted to heat and sound when it makes contact with the floor.

The The The The

amount amount amount amount

of of of of

time it takes to travel a long distance was not considered. electrical current used in the car was unknown. heat generated by the car was not considered. fuel carried in the car was unknown.

Emily is riding her bicycle. Which BEST explains why only some of the energy used to pedal her bicycle is transferred into forward motion of the bicycle? A B

C D

The The The The

energy of energy of gears and gears and

the bicycle tire is applied in a circular motion. the bicycle is transferred to only one wheel. chain of the bicycle are covered with oil. chain of the bicycle generate friction.

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Name:

__

ID: A

CD

A wind generator transfers wind energy into electrical current.

How does the amount of energy in the electrical current compare to the amount of wind energy that turns the blades on the wind generator? F G D J

There There There There

is is is is

less energy because some heat is produced in the transfer. less energy because wind does not blow with a constant force. more energy because electrical energy can be stored in batteries. more energy because there is more than one blade on the generator.

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Name:

IO:A

__ m The graphic

shows the processes involved in the phases of a cell.

Phases of a Cell Cycle

..------

A.

•......•••..

Growth

/

-,

"-\." -.

/'

"y-

MitOSIS

//

/

-

/ '-'"

'"'NA

b)

-,'-Synthesis

/'

//

/

Preparation for Division

-.

-,

''-,,-

Phases of cells are necessary in order for new cells to replace damaged or dead cells. Which part of the process forms new cells? A B C D

Growth DNA Synthesis Preparation for Division Mitosis

__ em Last year Steve was shorter

than his brother. This year Steve is taller than his brother. What cell process is directly responsible for Steve's growth?

F G H J

__

CD

diffusion mitosis osmOSIS respiration

Mitosis is a process by which cells divide. What must happen before the cell divides? A B C D

The membrane thickens. Four nuclei must be formed. Chromosomes must be copied. The number of organelles doubles.

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Name:

__ m

_

For a long time scientists have studied the cells of complex organisms. What scientists have discovered is that F G H

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ID: A

J

the shape of cells in a complex organism is the same. the structure of a cell is related to the function of the cell. complex organisms are considered to be unicellular organisms. the size of the cells in an organism determines how large the organism will grow.

A student was taking notes while the teacher was discussing cells. Which of these is a statement that the teacher MOST likely made? A

B C D

Most cells have the same shape. The shape of a cell depends upon its function. Cells that carry information are round and disk-shaped. Blood cells that move through the body are long and thread-like.

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Name:

__ fa

ID:A A student has made the Geologic Column below.

Geologic Column Ceno.z.oic Era ,

(Began 65 million years ago) Homo sapiens

Mesozoic Era (Began 245 mi lion years ago) Dinosaurs. firsr mammals .. first birds I

Paleozoic Era (Began 544 mi lion years ago} First fish. first amphibians. first insects, first reptiles. first land plants I

Precambrian

Era

(Began 4.6 billion years ago)

Bacteria-like forms

What evidence must be carefully examined to determine that organisms changed over time? F G H J

fossils soil type environment plate tectonics

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Name:

__ m

ID:A

The picture shows an ammonite fossil on the left. On the right, it shows how the animal may have looked 160 million years ago.

According to the ammonite's characteristics, which modern animals would MOST likely be considered to be the relatives of ammonites?

A B C D

__ m

squids and octopi lizards and turtles sharks and whales shrimp and snakes

Scientists constructed models of elephants using fossilized bones that had been discovered.

50 million years ago

30 million years ago

Based on the models, what information can be determined?

F Elephants changed over time. G Elephants were once carnivores. H Prehistoric elephants had thin skin. J The largest elephant fossils are the oldest.

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20 million years ago

ID:A

Name:

fa

Some thunderstorms can cause a lot of rain to fall over a short period of time. Too much rainfall can affect abiotic resources in the soil by A

B C D

__ m

Some animals in the northern latitudes have to migrate south in order to survive. What abiotic factor causes the animals to annually leave their ecosystems? F G H J

__ m

B C D

removing primary producers spraying of insecticides increasing runoff planting flowers

Astronomers study matter in the universe. Geologists study the origin and processes of Earth. They are different content areas of science; however, they F G H J

__ m

heavy rains less oxygen cold weather increased sunlight

Scientists have discovered that there has been a reduction in the butterfly population in an ecosystem. After much research, they have identified that the carrying capacity for butterflies has been decreased. If the scientists want to increase the butterfly population, which action should they recommend? A

__ sa

reducing the nutrients in the soil. increasing the minerals in the soil. reducing the oxygen level of the soil. increasing the temperature of the soil.

share a philosophy that Earth is the center of the universe. both attempt to discover how the water cycle affects plants. share common purposes of trying to explain why events occur on Earth. both compete in trying to understand how organisms on Earth change over time.

An astronomer and a marine biologist were having lunch and discussing their current experiments. They discovered that although they investigate different areas of science, they MOST likely use the same A

B

C D

scientific tools used in experiments. scientific method to test hypotheses. publications for conducting research. locations for conducting their experiments.

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Name:

__

IO:A

Eli)

Structural geologists determine how rock formations are formed. They look for the type of environment in which the rocks were formed and study the events that shaped the rocks. Paleontologists study fossils that are found in rock formations. Together, these scientists have a common interest in discovering the F G H J

history and processes of Earth. elements that make up the crust. types of minerals that make up sediment. relationship between Earth and other planets.

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