DEWAN ENERGI NASIONAL

Ocean Energy Policy and Development

Prof. Dr. Mukhtasor Member of National Energy Council (NEC), Chairman of Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (INOCEAN) 1

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Outline 1.  Introduction 2.  National Energy Policy 3.  Ocean Energy Development 4.  Closure

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INTRODUCTION

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NEC STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION KETUA Chairman : President RI Vice Chairman: Vice President RI Daily Chairman: Minister of Energy Mineral Resources

Governmental Elements

ANGGOTA

1.  Minister of Finance 2.  Minister of Development Planning (Bappenas) 3.  Minister of Transportation 4.  Minister of Industry 5.  Minister of Agriculture 6.  Minister of Research and Tech. 7.  Minister of Environment

Stakeholder Elements

1.  Ir. Agusman Effendi (Consumer) 2.  Prof. Ir. Rinaldy Dalimi, M.Sc, Ph. D (Academician) 3.  Dr. Ir. Tumiran, M.Eng (Unsur Akdemisi) 4.  Prof. Ir. Mukhtasor, M. Eng. Ph.D (Environment) 5.  Prof. Dr. Herman Agustiawan (Consumer) 6.  Prof. Dr. Ir. Herman Darnel Ibrahim, M.Sc (Industry) 7.  Industry elements 8.  Technology elements

Pasal 13 UU 30/2007 : Anggota Dewan Energi Nasional diangkat dan diberhentikan oleh Presiden; Anggota Unsur Pemangku Kepentingan dipilih oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat 5

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DUTY OF NATIONAL ENERGY COUNCIL (NEC) (Article 12, Law 30 / 2007)

Prepare and Formulate National Energy Policy (NEP)

N E C

Establish the National General Plan of Energy (NGPE) Determine Action for Controlling Energy Crisis and Emergency

VISION Realizing the Energy Security in the context of Sustainable Development

Monitor the Implementation of Energy Policy

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NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY

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ENERGY POLICIES (1) •  Law No. 30/2007 on Energy •  Law No. 17/2007 on Long Term Development Planning •  National Energy Policy (President Decree No. 5/2006) and Its Blueprint National Energy Management

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LEGAL BASIS OF NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY (Law No. 30 / 2007) §  National energy policy is energy management policies based on the principles of equitable, sustainable, and environmentally in order to create independence and national energy security (Article 1, Law No. 30 of 2007). §  National energy policy includes, (Article 11, paragraph 1) : a. Availability of energy to national needs; b. Energy development priorities; c. National energy resource utilization, and d. National energy reserves §  National energy policy is established by the Government with the approval of Parliament. (Article 11, paragraph 2). 9

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ENERGY POLICIES (2) •  Recently, NEC is reviewing the current energy policy and intends to increase the role of ocean enegy in the energy mix of 2010-2050. •  Ocean energy systems are targeted to supply electricity in the Indonesian energy system. •  The policy for greater use of marine resources is relevant with Indonesia potentials and the Indonesian Law of 17 of 2007 on the Long Term National Development Plan. 10

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Objectives of Energy Management Law No. 30 of 2007

1.  Achieving the independence in energy management; 2.  Ensuring the availability of domestic energy, both from national sources and abroad; 3.  Providing the energy sources from domestic and / or overseas; 4.  Ensuring the energy resources in an optimal, integrated, and sustainable management; 5.  Utilizing energy efficiently in all sectors; 6.  Achieving improvements in the community who are not able to access the energy towards the welfare and prosperity in a fair and equitable; 7.  Achieving the development of domestic energy industry in capabilities and services independently and increase capacity of human resource 8.  Creating employment opportunities 9.  Preserving the environment 11

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Directions of National Energy Policy 1.  Availability of Energy 2.  Energy Development Priorities 3.  National Energy Resources Utilization 4.  National Energy Reserves 5.  Conservation and Diversification 6.  Environment and Safety 7.  Prices, Subsidies, and Incentives of Energy 8.  Infrastructure and Energy Industries 9.  Energy Research and Development 10. Institutional and Funding 12

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Objectives of National Energy Policy National energy policy is compiled as a guide to achieve energy independence and security to support national sustainable development, that can be achieved by realizing: a.  Energy resources as a national development capital; b.  Energy management independence; c.  Ensuring the availability of domestic energy; d.  Management of energy resources in an optimal, integrated, and sustainable ways; e.  Utilizing the energy efficiently in all sectors; f.  Public access to energy in a fair and equitable management; g.  Development capability and independence in technology, industry and domestic energy services and increase the capacity of human resources; h.  Job creation; and i.  Preserve the environment 13

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TARGET OF NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY ENERGY SUPPLY AND UTILIZATION Until 2050 TARGET (EFFICIENT SCENARIO)

UNIT

2010

2025

2050

MTOE

159

400

1.000

Utilization of primary energy per capita

TOE

0,7

1,4

3,2

Provision of generating capacity

GW

35

115

430

Electricity use per capita

KWh

620

2.500

7.000

Provision of primary energy

§  Elasticity of Energy < 1 (in 2025) §  Electrification Ratio close to 100% (in 2020) 14

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Energy Mix 2010-2050 Submitted to House of Representative (DPR)

2010 5%

Petroleum Minyak Bumi

Batubara Coal

Natural Gas Gas Bumi

RE EBT

23%

49% 24%

2030

22%

25% 30%

22% 23%

30%

(%)

2025 25% 22%

31% 25%

2050 20% 24%

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SCENARIO TOWARDS ENERGY MIX 2050 [MTOE] (Pesimistic - efficient scenario) Efficient  Scenario   Total  Energy   Biomass  Biofuels   Biomass  Waste  [Electrical]   Geothermal   Water  Energy   Ocean  Energy   Solar  Energy   Others  Renewable  Energy  (RE)   Oil   Gas   Coal   New  Energy   Subtotal  Biomass   Subtotal  RE  Non  Biomass   Subtotal  RE   Total  NRE   Note:  (*)  :  Pilot  Project  2  MW  

Unit   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE   MTOE  

2010   2015   2020   2025   2030   2040   2050   159   215   2   7   0   1   5   6   2   2   0   0  (*)   0   0.5   0   0.2   74   83   32   44   44   71   0   0   2   8   7   9   9   17   9   17  

290   20   3   15   5   0.5   2   1   96   61   86   1   23   24   47   48  

380   27   9   30   11   1   4   1.5   110   84   100   3   36   48   84   87  

480   35   15   40   15   2   6   2   125   110   126   5   50   64   114   119  

740   55   35   60   20   4   12   4   178   173   193   10   90   99   189   199  

980   90   55   80   24   10   18   7   196   235   255   15   145   134   279   294   16

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OCEAN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA

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Recent Development (1) •  Ocean energy has nowdays been received a greater attention from universities, government agencies, companies and public. •  The Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (INOCEAN) has been established (2011) to foster research, development, publication and application of ocean energy. •  Activities towards ocean energy projects 18

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Recent Development (2) •  Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (INOCEAN): –  Goal: “Encouraging the widespread utilization of ocean energy in Indonesia” –  Objective: “To accommodate stakeholders and to facilitate members for increasing their role in ocean energy utilization” 19

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INOCEAN Publications 1.  Ocean Energy Potential Maps Indonesian ocean energy potentials have been ratified in 2011, consisting of potensi teoritis (theoritical resources), potensi teknis (technical resources) dan potensi praktis (practical resources). Type

Theoretical Resources (MW)

Technical Resources (MW)

Practical Resources (MW)

Ocean thermal Ocean and Tidal current Ocean wave Total

57,000

52,000

43,000

160,000

22,500

4,800

510,000 727,000

2,000 76,500

1,200 49,000 20

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Tidal Current Energy Reserves (ASELI, 2011)

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Wave Energy Reserves (ASELI, 2011)

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Ocean Thermal Energy Reserves (ASELI, 2011)

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INOCEAN Proposal: Double Tracks Strategy for ORE Development 1.  To increase the energy access Electricity ratio is currently is about 75% Limited access to electricity is commonly at small islands populations and less developed regions 2. To reduce the oil “addiction” , which takes about 15% of national budget for energy subsidies

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3.  Ocean Energy Regulation Road Map (2013) 2.  Profile Book (2012)

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Supporting technologies Wave technology (1) PLTGL Sistem Bandulan [ITS, Puslitbang PLN, Ristek]

(2) Naga Listrik [BPPH-BPPT]

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Wave technology (3) Wave Rotor [BPPH-BPPT]

(4) Wave Rider [ITB]

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Wave technology (5) Oscillating Water Column [BPDP-BPPT]

(6) PLT Ombak [PT. Primasprings]

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Tidal current technology (1) PLTAL Tipe Darius [UPT BPPH-BPPT]

(2) Low Velocity Blade Release Turbine [P3TKP-KKP]

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Tidal currents (3) T-Files Turbine

(4) Vortex Induced Vibration Converter [ITS]

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INOCEAN Collaborations (a)  Ocean Energy System (OES)

The 25th Exco Meeting, Afrika Selatan, 21-24 Oktober 2013 http://www.ocean-energy-systems.org/news/ 25th_exco_meeting/

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INOCEAN Collaborations (b) Southeast Asian Collaboration for Ocean Renewable Energy (SEAcORE)

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Development of Pilot Projects 6. Steps for Pilot Project Proposal (a)  Implementation purposes Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources, and Ministry of Fisheries & Ocean (b)  Test bed for technological window Scheme: South East Asian Marine Energy Centre (SEAMEC) INOCEAN / ASELI in collaboration with United Kingdom Robert Gordon University (RGU) and Ministry of Research & Tech. 33

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Notes for Pilot Project •  Pilot project implementation: 1-2 MW power plant from types of ocean currents, tidal currents, waves, and ocean thermal. It may be extended into some 20-100 MW per site. •  Pilot project will be started in 2014 and targeted to generate electricity in 2016. •  2013/2014 – Feasibility Study and Detail Engineering Design in two candidate sites (Larantuka Strait & Bali). 34

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CLOSURE

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Closure •  Where is the OTEC? à  National capacity building à  Reducing oil dependency and chalenges of fossil depletion à Considering international collaboration à  With whom? Japan, US, France, Nederland? The collaboration could include a number of pilot project on OTEC, tidal current, ocean current and wave energy 36

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THANK YOU Email: [email protected] Mobile: +6281 330 42 42 24

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