Protection Relays

01

MiCOM P145 Feeder Management Relay

MiCOM P145 feeder management relay provides an integrated solution for the complete protection, control and monitoring of overhead lines and underground cables from distribution to transmission voltage levels. With a wide range of protection functions and relay flexibility, it is suitable for application on varied network requirements from solidly grounded systems to the more specialized petersen coil grounded system requirements. A customizable user interface and programmable graphical scheme logic provides simple and flexible application. The integrated user function keys and tri-color programmable LEDS provide a cost effective solution for full feeder scheme applications. Simply combine the relay with a P891 (trip/close module) and P991(test block) in a frame and a complete 19” rack mounted feeder scheme is engineered. Use the function keys to replace control scheme switches and save on engineering time and wiring costs.

Customer Benefits • 1A & 5A in same relay • Wide auxiliary supply voltage range • Programmable Function Keys • Flexible LED indication • Option of multiple communication

protocol and interfaces, including IEC 61850 • High break output contact capability

internal to main protection - no reliance on auxiliary devices

With optional High Speed - High Break contacts, the high break performance ensures no burn-out of contacts during normal operation or situations such as breaker failure, or defective CB auxiliary contacts. The need for external electromechanical trip relays can be reduced/ removed by transferring the high rating and durability duties into the MiCOM device thus giving further application and cost benefits. Numerous integrated communication protocols, including IEC 61850, provides interfacing to almost any Substation Automation System or SCADA systems. Development is continuous to ensure compatibility with the latest protocol enhancements. A range of hardware interfaces are available for easy integration into any new or legacy system.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

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Protection Functions Overview Ansi

Iec 61850

Feature

50/51/67

OcpPTOC /RDIR

Directional / non-directional, instantaneous / time delayed phase overcurrent (6 stage)

P145 •

50N/51N/67N

EfdPTOC / EfmPTOC

Directional / non-directional, instantaneous / time delayed, measured earth fault (4 stage)

•

67N

SenEftPTOC

Sensitive directional earthfault (SEF/ I Cos φ, I Sin φ)

•

67W

SenEftPTOC

Wattmetric earthfault

•

Neutral admittance protection

•

Restricted earthfault

•

Blocked overcurrent

•

Selective overcurrent

•

Cold load pick-up

•

YN 64

SenRefPDIF

51V 46

NgcPTOC

49

ThmPTTR

37P / 37N

Voltage controlled overcurrent

•

Directional / non-directional negative sequence overcurrent (4 stage)

•

RMS thermal overload (single / dual time constant)

•

Phase and neutral undercurrent

•

27

VtpPhsPTUV

Under voltage (2 stage)

•

59

VtpPhsPTOV

Over voltage (2 stage)

•

59N

VtpResPTOV

Residual over voltage (Neutral displacement) (2 stage)

•

47

NgvPTOV

Negative sequence overvoltage

•

81U

PTUF

Under frequency (9 stage) - Advanced

•

81O

PTOF

Over frequency (9 stage) - Advanced

•

81R

PFRC

Rate of Change of Frequency Protection (9 stage) - Advanced

•

81RF

Frequency supervised rate of change of frequency (9 stage) – Advanced

•

81RAV

Average rate of change of frequency (9 stage) – Advanced

•

Frequency based load restoration (9 stage) – Advanced

•

Rate of change of voltage protection (2 stage)

•

Broken conductor (open jumper)

•

Circuit breaker failure (1/3 pole initiation)

•

VTS

Voltage transformer supervision (1, 2 & 3 phase fuse failure detection)

•

CTS

Current transformer supervision

•

BC 50BF

RBRF

Silicon rectifier overload protection

•

RREC

4 shot three pole auto reclose

•

RSYN

Check synchronising (2 stage) + System Split

•

2nd Harm Block

2nd Harmonic Blocking

•

Phase segregated power

•

Sensitive power

•

49SR 79 25 32R/32L/32O FnkGGIO

Function Keys

10

LedGGIO

Programmable LEDs (tri-color)

18

OptGGIO

Digital inputs (maximum) *

32

Output relays (maximum) (Hi Break-Hi Speed options) *

32

RlyGGIO

Front communication port (RS232) Rear communication port (Kbus/RS485)

• •

Rear communication port (RS485/Optic/Ethernet)

Option

Second rear communication port (RS232/RS485)

Option

Time synchronisation port (IRIG B modulated/un-modulated)

Option

InterMiCOM teleprotection for direct relay - relay communication EIA (RS) 232 for MODEM links upto 19.2kbit/sec

Option

* Please note that there is a maximum on the I/O combination

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

03

Application The MiCOM P145 relay offers integral overcurrent and earth-fault protection as well as numerous protection functions. It is suitable for application on solidly grounded, impedance grounded, Petersen coil grounded and isolated systems.

+ Close P991

T

Close –

– Trip

Full Scheme Application The relay is especially suitable where a complete scheme solution is required and comprises function keys for integral scheme control functionality. The application shows the P145 combined with the P891 and P991 to provide a complete feeder scheme solution. The P891 provides relay independent tripping and closing functionality where required. This functionality can also be integrated with the P145 to make use of relay functions such as check synchronising or autoreclosing.

+ Trip

+ Trip 52A

P145

2

1

2

2

3

4

2

5

6

2

7

8

1

9

10

1

11

12

8

13

14

8

15

16

8

17

18

9

19

20

8

21

22

9

23

24

25

26

27

28

52B

P891

Va Vb Vc

Close PB

Trip

Input CB Closed A

B Trip PB C Input N

CB Open

SEF Shorting Bars

Typical P145 Scheme application

Functional overview

2nd Remote Remote comm. port comm. port

IEC 61850

Remote Remote comm. comm. port port

Local Local Communication Communication

Fault records Fault records Measurements Measurements

Selfmonitoring Self monitoring

X X V ref

50/51 50/51

50N/ 50N/ 51N 51N

27/ 27/ 59 59

59N 59N

67/ 67/ 67N 67N

67N/67W 67N/67W /64 /64

51V 51V

Disturbance Disturbance Record Record

46 46

49 49

37P/ 37P/ 37N 37N

YN YN

49SR 49SR

CTS CTS

LEDs

Function Keys

I V IE sen

Y

(Description of ANSI code nos. see Function Overview)

Reduce engineering and wiring costs with this single box feeder management relay

81U/81O 81U/81O /81R /81R

47 47

50BF 50BF

Binary Input / output

VTS VTS

79 79

25 25

always available optional

PSL PSL

Feeder management P145

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

04

Management functions 1000

100 Operating time (s)

• Measurement of all instantaneous & integrated values • Circuit breaker control, status & condition monitoring. • Trip circuit and coil supervision • 4 alternative setting groups • Programmable Function Keys • Control inputs • Fault locator • Programmable scheme logic • Programmable allocation of digital inputs and outputs • Sequence of event recording • Comprehensive disturbance recording (waveform capture) • User configurable LEDs (tri-color) • Local and remote communication ports • Multiple communication protocol and interface options • Time synchronisation • Fully customizable menu texts • Multi level password protection • Power-up diagnostics and continuous self-monitoring of relay • Read Only Mode • Enhanced opto input time stamping • Enhanced Check Syn. feature

TMS = 1

10 UK LTI IEC SI 1 RECT IEC VI IEC EI 0.1

1

10

IEEE/US curves TD = 7 10 0

10

1 IEEE MI IEEE VI

Main Functions Protection functions are autonomous and can be individually configured or disabled to suit a particular application.

Phase Overcurrent Six independent stages are available for each phase overcurrent element and the two ground fault elements. The first ground-fault element operates from measured quantities and the second element operates from derived quantities calculated from the three phase currents. Each stage may be selected as non-directional or directional (forward/reverse). All stages have definite time delayed characteristics and three of the stages may also be independently set to IDMT tripping characteristic. The IDMT stages have a programmable reset timer for grading electro-mechanical, to reduce autoreclose dead times and to reduce clearance times where intermittent faults occur.

10 0

Current (Multiples of I s)

Operating time (s)

In addition to the wide range of protection functions listed in the table, the P145 has the following integral measurement, control, monitoring, post fault analysis and self-diagnostic functions.

IEC/UK cur ves

US CO2

0.1

US CO8 IEEE EI 1

10

10 0

Current (Multiples of I s)

Choice of IDMT characteristics

A voltage controlled overcurrent function can be enabled on the first two stages of the main phase overcurrent elements. Voltage controlled overcurrent provides back-up protection for remote phase faults whilst remaining insensitive to load. The directionality of the ground fault elements is provided by either residual voltage or negative sequence voltage polarising.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

05

Negative sequence overcurrent

RMS Thermal Overload

Four independent stages are available and each stage may be selected as non-directional or directional (forward/reverse). All stages have definite time delayed characteristics and two of the stages may also be independently set to IDMT tripping characteristic. Directionality is achieved with negative sequence voltage polarising.

Thermal overload protection provides both alarm and trip stages. The thermal element may be set with either a single time constant characteristic for the protection of cables or dry transformers, or a dual time constant characteristic to protect oil filled transformers. In the event of loss of auxiliary supply, the thermal state is stored in non-volatile memory.

Sensitive earth fault

Under/Overvoltage & Rate of Change of Voltage

A separate four stage sensitive ground fault element is provided and is selected as nondirectional or directional (forward or reverse). Directionality of the element is provided by the residual voltage polarising. As an alternative, a directional I cos φ characteristic can be used for Petersen coil ground fault protection using the sensitive ground fault input. A directional I sin φ characteristic is also available for protection of insulated systems.

Neutral admittance protection

Restricted earth fault Restricted earth fault protection is provided for protection of transformer winding against ground faults and may be configured as either high impedance or low impedance biased differential. Operate

K1 0% to 20% K2 0% to 150%

K2 Restrain

I s1

I s1 I s2

0.08 to 1. 0 I n 0.10 to 1. 5 I n

K1

I s2

Two stages of rate of change of voltage protection elements are also available, which are independently settable.

Residual Overvoltage

Three single stage elements are provided for non-directional over-admittance, non-directional/ directional over-conductance and non-directional/ directional over-susceptance.

I DIFF

Under/overvoltage protection may be configured to operate from either phase-phase or phaseneutral quantities. Two independent stages with definite time elements are available and one of the stages can also be configured as an inverse characteristic.

I BIAS

Residual overvoltage protection is available for detecting ground faults in high impedance grounded or isolated systems. The neutral voltage is derived from the three phase voltage inputs. Two independent measuring elements with definite time characteristics are available, one of the elements can also be configured to have an inverse characteristic. Negative sequence overvoltage protection provides either a tripping or an interlocking function, upon detection of unbalanced supply voltages.

Frequency Nine stages each of over frequency, under frequency, rate of change of frequency, frequency supervised rate of change of frequency, average rate of change of frequency, frequency based load shedding during severe system disturbances.

REF biased differential characteristics

Phase segregated power nd

2 Harmonic Blocking The 2nd Harmonic Blocking detects high inrush current inflows that occur when transformers or machines are connected. The function will block the Phase over current, Earth fault, Sensitive Earth fault and Negative sequence over current.

Two stages of power protection are provided and each stage can be independently configured to operate as Over power or Under Power and Forward or Reverse direction. The relays provide a standard 3 phase power protection element and also a single phase power protection element.

Sensitive power Use MiCOM P145 for rapid and selective clearance of system faults.

Two stages of sensitive power protection are provided, these can be independently selected as reverse power, over power, low forward power or disabled depending upon the operating condition.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

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Autoreclose The P145 provide three-pole multi-shot autoreclosing. The user may select a single, two, three or four shot autoreclose cycle, with independently settable dead times and reclaim time. Autoreclose can be initiated from the internal protection elements or from external protection via an opto input. Advanced features include live line working and sequence co-ordination.

Check Synchronism An adaptive two stage check synchronism function is available for use in conjunction with automatic or manual (re)closure. This function also provides advanced signal indication of system conditions and can for example be used in situations where slip frequency and phase angle for synchro check changes under certain system conditions. 0º Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Check Sync Check Sync Stage 1 Limits

Stage 2 Limits

Control and indication Programmable Scheme Logic Programmable scheme logic allows the user to customize the protection and control functions. It is also used to programme the functionality of the optically isolated inputs, relay outputs and LED indications. The programmable scheme logic comprises of gate logic and general purpose timers. The gate logic includes OR, AND and majority gate functions, with the ability to invert the inputs and outputs, and provide feedback. The programmable scheme logic is configured using the graphical MiCOM S1 Studio PC based support software.

Function Keys

V BUS Live Volts Rotating Vector

Nominal Volts

Current transformer supervision is provided to detect loss of phase CT signals and inhibit the operation of current dependent protection elements.

V LINE Dead Volts

Ten function keys are available for implementing scheme control functionality. The function keys operate in two modes, normal and toggled, and activate associated signals in PSL that can easily be used to customize the application. The following examples illustrate how scheme functionality can easily be implemented for use with the function keys. • Remote CB control enable/disable • Auto-reclose enable/disable • Sensitive earth fault enable/disable

±180º System Split Limits

• Auto-reclose lockout reset

Adaptive Check Sync functionality

Two stage circuit breaker failure protection may be used for tripping upstream circuit breakers and retripping of the local circuit breaker if required. The circuit breaker failure logic may also be initiated from a single pole condition from external devices if required.

Voltage Transformer Supervision Voltage transformer supervision is provided to detect loss of one, two or three VT signals, providing indication and inhibition of voltage dependent protection elements. An optically isolated input may also be configured to initiate the voltage transformer supervision alarm and blocking when used with MCBs or other external forms of voltage transformer supervision.

Current Transformer Supervision Programmable scheme logic editor (MiCOM S1 Studio) indicating function key application.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Each function key has an associated tri-color LED (red, green, yellow) allowing for clear indication of the associated function’s state.

Circuit Breaker Control Circuit breaker control is available from the front panel user interface, optically isolated inputs and remotely via the substation communications. Blocking of Circuit breaker control can also be done via the function keys when programmed in PSL.

Indication Eighteen tri -color LEDs are available for user programming. The LED colors (red, green or yellow) are driven via digital databus signals in PSL and can be programmed to indicate up to four conditions/states. For example. • Off- Not in service, • Red- CB closed, • Green-CB open, • Yellow-CB not healthy

07

Plant Supervision Trip circuit supervision Supervision of the trip circuit in both circuit breaker open and closed states can be realised using the optically isolated inputs and programmable scheme logic.

Circuit breaker state monitoring An alarm will be generated if there is a discrepancy between the open and closed auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker.

Broken conductor The broken conductor protection detects unbalanced conditions caused by broken conductors, maloperation of single phase of switchgear or by single phasing conditions. It operates on the ratio of I2 to I1.

Integration of P145 into a substation control system

P145 provides up-to-date versatile communication options.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145

The circuit breaker condition monitoring features include: • Monitoring the number of breaker trip operations • Recording the sum of the broken current quantity ΣIX, 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 • Monitoring the breaker operating time • Fault frequency counter

Information interfaces Two communication ports are available as standard; a rear port providing remote communications and a front port providing local communications. The front RS232 port has been designed for use with MiCOM S1, which fully supports functions within the relay by providing the ability to programme the settings off-line, configure the programmable scheme logic, extract and view event, disturbance and fault records, view the measurement information dynamically and perform control functions. The default remote communications are based on RS485 voltage levels. Any of the protocols listed below can be chosen at the time of ordering. • • • •

Courier / K-bus (optic interface also available) Modbus (optic interface also available) IEC60870-5-103 (optic interface also available) DNP 3.0 (optic interface also available)

Schneider Electric 35, rue Joseph Monier CS 30323 92506 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00 RCS Nanterre 954 503 439 Capital social 896 313 776 € www.schneider-electric.com

EnergyAutomation-DS-P145-2111-EN

• IEC 61850 (over 100 Mbit/s fiber/copper Ethernet) IEC 61850 is available when the optional Ethernet port is ordered. IEC 61850 offers high-speed data exchange, peer-to-peer communication, reporting, disturbance record extraction and time synchronization. Redundant Ethernet is available in various options (Self healing ring, RSTP and Dual homing star). P145 has 128 virtual inputs with an improved GOOSE performance. An optional second rear courier communications port is available which may be configured as RS232, RS485 or K-Bus.

Device Track Record • MODN launched in 1998 and over 2000 sold units. • P14x MiCOM series introduced in 1999. Worldwide application, with over 10000 units delivered. • Introduction of phase II hardware of MiCOM P14x in 2002. • Addition of UCA2 protocol and ethernet port in 2004 • Addtion of IEC 61850 protocol in 2006

As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication. This document has been printed on ecological paper Publishing: Schneider Electric Design: Schneider Electric Printing: 10-2010

© 2010 Schneider Electric - All rights reserved

Circuit breaker condition monitoring

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