Autonomous Rugged Wireless Monitoring System Wireless multi-hop monitoring system Years of autonomous operation from batteries Highly modular system serves a broad range of applications Integrates most low/medium power sensors that produce moderate amounts of data GPRS Internet connectivity Cloud storage for sensor data Convenient data access using a web browser The coalesenses outdoor wireless monitoring system can integrate a wide range of sensors and operate autonomously for years at arbitrary locations. Measured sensor data is sent into the cloud via the Internet and stored into a database. Users can access the data via a web portal using a browser. In its minimal version, the system consists of a device equipped with sensors, a 2.4GHz radio and GPRS, which is called gateway and forwards sensor data into the Internet. Like this, a single point of measurement can be implemented. DB

GPRS

Gateway with sensors

Internet

Cloud-based data storage with web access

If multiple points of measurement are required, the system can be extended with more devices (without GPRS but with 2.4GHz radio) that integrate additional sensors. The devices will autonomously create and maintain a wireless multi-hop hop network and send their data to the gateway. Besides taking measurements, each device also serves as a router and forwards data from other devices. Like this, a redundant mesh mesh-network is formed, and distances to the gateway larger than the communication range can be easily bridged. The gateway collects the data, and transmits it periodically to the database in the cloud. Users can log into a web portal and access their data using a web browser. The portal can visualize the data in charts, export and print it, and send event-driven driven alarm notifications. Besides, a resource resource-oriented web service interface allows for automatic data retrieval, enabling data exchange with other information systems. Due to its modular nature, the system can integrate most low and medium power sensors that produce moderate amounts of data per time. Hence, it is open to an extremely wide range of applications. DB

GPRS

Wireless Sensing System

Gateway

Internet

Cloud-based data storage with web access

Modular Devices for Maximum Flexibility Highly modular system to integrate a broad range of sensors Main board plus up to 2 expansion boards 2.4 GHz low power radio interface and 32-bit bit high performance RISC controller Rugged IP67 enclosures in different sizes with pressure compensation element Operation from alkaline or lithium batteries, solar power or DC supply Broad power supply voltage range from 2.3V to 24V Years of autonomous operation even from batteries Multiple optional regulators for sensor voltage supply (step-up (step & step-down) Cable glands or optional IP67 connectors

In order to match a broad range of application requirements, the wireless monitoring devices feature a modular structure. They consist of a power supply, a main board that provides functionalities that are common to all devices, and up to two expansion boards used to interface with different sensor types, providing a variety of digital and analog interfaces.

Optionally, a display and a rotary controller can be added to the devices to provide a comfortable user interface. The devices can be powered from batteries (two serial alkaline as well as a solitary or two parallel lithium batteries, AA to D type), from a DC source, or from solar power. Its unique ultra-low low power design enables years of battery life even though keeping up the wireless network and forwarding data to the gateway. The devices ship with a rugged IP67 enclosure that provides enduring protection even from harsh environmental conditions, a pressure compensation element ensures a maximum level of protection. Different enclosure sizes are available to meet all spatial requirements of the components to be housed. Sensor data cables enter the enclosure through cables glands by default, IP67 connector are available optionally. The enclosure can be opened without any screwing for fast service access, but can also be protected by screws and/or an anti-tamper tamper seal. Flanges and magnetic mounting feet are available optionally.

Module and Power Concept The main board constitutes all required components common to all devices , such as the 2.4 GHz low power radio, a precision clock and the high performance 32-bit bit RISC processor. Its outstanding processing power allows for complex in-network sensor data pre-processing processing and event detection. Depending on the application requirements, a micro SD card, a graphical display and a rotary controller can be added to it optionally. Two connectors on the main board (expansion ports) can be used to connect expansion boards to it. The expansion boards implement specific sensor interfaces such as analog signals, digital signals like input/output pins, I2C or SPI, or serial interfaces like RS232 and RS485. To each expansion board, one or more external sensors using the respective interface can be connected. Besides, internal sensors can be added to most expansion boards. The expansion boards for the different interfaces are as such highly configurable, allowing to adjust the interface details exactly to the requirements of the attached sensors.

The device can be operated from a variety of power sources including alkaline or lithium batteries, solar power or a DC supply. To adapt the input voltage (VIN) to the internal device voltage (VCC), different types of regulators on optional power conditioning modules can be added to the main board (PCM A). Besides, both the main board and the expansion boards can accommodate an additional power conditioning module in order to meet the power requirements of internal and external sensors (in case they differ from the internal device supply voltage). If all sensors connected to the device share a common supply voltage, the optional secondary main board power conditioning module (PCM B) can generate this voltage (VPCM B), which is provided to both expansion boards. If sensors require different voltages, each expansion board can generate an individual voltage using the respective optional expansion board power conditional module (PCM 0 & PCM1). All in all, up to four different voltages are available on the expansion boards (system input voltage VIN, internal system voltage VCC, PCM B output voltage VPCM B and expansion board PCM output voltage VPCM 0/1), each of which can be provided to the external sensors through two independently switchable output power switches.

Main board The main board constitutes all required components common to all devices , such as the 2.4 GHz low power radio and the high performance 32-bit bit RISC processor. Its outstanding processing power allows for complex inin network sensor data pre-processing processing and event detection. A precision clock provides a stable time basis for the measurement activity. A three axis low-power low MEMS accelerometer can serve for orientation sensing or tamper or shock detection. An external non-volatile non flash memory device is available for storing sensing or calibration data. Depending on the application requirements, a micro SD card, a graphical display and a rotary controller can be added to it optionally. Two connectors on the main board (expansion ports) can be used to connect expansion boards to it. Parameter

Typical

Module Dimensions* Weight Ingress Protection Level Temperature*

151 x 80 x 60 mm ~350g IP66 -25 ... 85 (70) °C

Radio frequency Radio channels Nominal radio data rate Radio TX power Radio RX sensitivity Radio range Encryption

2.4GHz 16 250kBit/s 9.5dBm -96dBm Up to .25 km 128 bit AES

Supply voltage* VCC* Radio TX current Radio RX current µC Active Current µC doze Current Sleep current* Typical average receive ready device current Clock Accuracy (-10...60°C/full)* µC Performance Non-Volatile/Volatile Memory : CPU Non-volatile Memory: Flash* Non-volatile Memory: Micro SD*

2.0 ... 30V 2.3 (2.7) ... 3.6V 35mA 22mA 6mA @ 16 DMIPS (2.7...10.5mA) 1.7mA 3µA 850µA 10ppm/25ppm Up to 32DMIPS 256/32kB 512kB 4GB

Inter-axis alignment error Accelerometer measurement range Accelerometer sensitivity Accelerometer sensitivity temperature drift Accelerometer nonlinearity Accelerometer cross-axis sensitivity Accelerometer 0g offset Accelerometer 0g offset temperature drift Accelerometer noise Accelerometer data rate

±0.1° 2, 4, 8, 16g 0.004g ±0.01%/°C 0.5% 1% ±35mg ±0.8 mg/°C 0,004 g RMS 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400Hz *) Depending on variant

Serial Communication Expansion Board RS232 and RS485 transceivers for serial communication 2 digital inputs, 2 digital outputs, both level-shifted shifted to output voltage Configurable I/O networks for digital I/Os Optional GPS Optional GPRS modem adds gateway functionality Optional power conditioning module with regulator for external sensors 2 switchable output voltage channels that can choose from up to 4 voltages

The RS10 serial communication expansion board provides RS232 and RS485 serial interfaces to external sensors or other systems. Besides, two open-drain drain digital inputs and two open-drain open digital outputs are available, whose output levels can be shifted to any of the available output voltages (VOUT 0 or VOUT 1). A highly flexible I/O configuration network allows to place serial or parallel components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors or diodes into each of the digital I/O lines. Like this, line properties can be adapted to the needs of external components such as sensors. Individual configurations can be ordered for arbitrary quantities, starting at a single device. If location awareness is required by the application, a GPS module can be added to the RS10 optionally. To add gateway functionality to the device, an optional GPRS modem is available. As all expansion modules, this expansion module can accommodate a power conditioning module and provides two separately switchable output voltages to external devices, each chosen from up to four available voltages.

Multipurpose Expansion Board 4 Digital I/O pins or I2C interface 10-bit ADC or SPI interface Optional ADC upgrade to 2 double-ended or 4-single-ended ended 16-bit 16 inputs Configurable I/O networks for analog and digital I/Os Optional internal sensors Optional power conditioning module with regulator for external sensors 2 switchable output voltage channels that can choose from up to 4 voltages

The MP10 digital multipurpose expansion board provides a 10-bit 10 ADC input, digital I/O pins, as well as I2C and SPI busses at system voltage level to connect external sensors. Optionally, a 16-bit 16 analog-to-digital converter can be added, providing 2 differential or 4 single-ended ended inputs (cannot be combined with SPI). A highly flexible I/O configuration network allows to place serial or parallel components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors or diodes into each of the analog and digital I/O lines. Like this, line properties can be adapted to the needs of external components such as sensors. Individual configurations can be ordered for arbitrary quantities, starting at a single device. Internal sensors can be added to the MP10 on request. As all expansion modules, this expansion module can accommodate a power conditioning module and provides two separately switchable output voltages to external devices, each chosen from up to four available voltages.

Analogue Input Expansion Board High-precision 24-bit delta-sigma ADC Low noise programmable gain amplifier, gain up to 128 4 differential highly configurable inputs form Wheatstone bridges, Thermocouple inputs Many other setups for precision differential measurement Optional 2-axes AMR magnetic sensor Optional power conditioning module with regulator for external sensors 2 switchable output voltage channels that can choose from up to 5 voltages

The AD10 analogue input expansion board provides 7 single-ended single or 4 differential high precision analogue inputs connected to a 24-bit analogue-to-digital digital converter. It features an onboard, low-noise, low programmable gain amplifier (selectable gains from 1 to 128), a precision delta-sigma delta ADC, and a built-in, very low drift voltage reference with 10mA output capacity. A highly flexible I/O configuration network allows to place serial or parallel components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors or diodes into each of the analog input lines. Like this, line properties can be adapted to the needs of external components such as sensors. Wheatstone bridges (half and full) can be implemented as well as 0-5V, 4-20mA 20mA or thermocouple input interfaces. Individual configurations can be ordered for arbitrary quantities, starting at a single device. Optionally, a high sensitivity 2-axis axis AMR magnetic sensor can be added to the AD10, additional internal sensors are available on request. As all expansion modules, this expansion module can accommodate a power conditioning module. Its output can be used as an external voltage reference input to the ADC. Besides the four different voltages available on all expansion boards (system input voltage VIN, internal system voltage VCC, main board PCM B output voltage VPCM B and expansion board PCM output voltage VPCM), the internal AD10 reference voltage is available on the AD10. Hence, a choice from five different voltages can be provided to external sensors through two independently switchable output power switches.

Example Application: Structural Health Monitoring

Solar Powered Gateway

Displacement Monitoring

Tilt Monitoring

Crack Monitoring

Weather Monitoring

Example Sensors attachable to the System Strain Force Distance Wind Temperature/humidity Rain Solar Radiation UV Radiation Thermocouples PT100 Movement Current/voltage Distance Soil moisture Analog Inclination RS485 Inclination Pressure

And many more...

Example Devices: Weather

Temperature / Humidty

Rain

Windspeed / Direction

Solar Radiation

UV-Radiation

All these sensors can be attached to a single device with only 1 expansion board

Example Devices

Gas-/Fluid-/Material Temperature

Surface Temperature T

Inclination

Can support PT100, PT1000, Type-K K Thermocouple

Gas-/Fluid Pressure

4-20mA/0-5V Interface

Web Interface: System Overview

Web Interface: System Details

Web Interface: Chart Overview

Web Interface: Data Charts