Advanced Lighting For Retail SPECIALTY MARKET APPLICATIONS

Bakery

This specialty market lighting application module presents guidelines for energy effective lighting in bakeries. However, these strategies can be applied to any space with similar lighting requirements, whether part of a larger store or in an independent boutique storefront. The inspiration for the specialty market store is an outdoor farmers’ market. This strategy provides different types of merchandise “offered fresh” in a variety of departments. One of the keys to success is the produce stands access to daylight. The abundance of daylight helps make the various produce seem ultra-fresh. This is in part due to the high color rendering of daylight. Using daylight as the primary source of illumination helps to provide high levels of uniform illumination while allowing the reduction of energy consumption and cost.

Approach Recessed, Track, Sconces and Decorative CFL Pendants

LIGHTING POWER DENSITY LPD: 1.07 W/SF

CONCEPT Lighting Concepts for the Bakery: • Specialty Markets are known for the experience of shopping, set up to feel like an outdoor market of multiple vendors providing fresh artisan products. Lighting equipment

is used to enrich this experience and to help identify the differing departments. • The Bakery area usually includes a counter area as well as product bins on the merchandise floor where baked goods are displayed. Lighting concepts vary for these two areas. • Lighting at the counter area supports the employee tasks as well as customer product selection with different layers of light. • Lighting at the product bins highlights the bakery merchandise for customers. Architectural methods for identifying this store area often include changes in ceiling height and different interior finishes. • Enhance the department identity with visual cues such as decorative luminaires and lower luminaire mounting heights.

CRITERIA Horizontal illuminance, color temperature, and color rendering on merchandise displays should be a high priority. • • • • •

Ambient Horizontal Illuminance: 20-35fc Uniformity: 5:1 max/min Product Accent Illuminance: 100-150 fc Employee Task Illuminance: 50-75 fc Lamp correlated color temperature: 3000K-4200K • Color Rendering Index: 80 or greater Refer to IESNA RP-2, Lighting for Merchandise Areas and IESNA Lighting Handbook Chapter 10 for more detailed information

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Strategy Recessed, Track, Sconces and Decorative CFL Pendants

LIGHTING POWER DENSITY

LUMINAIRE SCHEDULE FOR RETAIL SPECIALTY MARKET APPLICATIONS

LPD: 1.07 W/SF

DAYLIGHTING Typically this department is located at the store perimeter, and the back-of-house elements will make sidelighting problematic. Using a toplighting strategy will depend on ceiling conditions. If this area has a dropped ceiling, consider using a tubular daylighting device (TDD) toplighting strategy. On the open floor area, toplighting would support the customer shopping experience at the bakery bins.

BAKERY

A

B

LUMINAIRES A

C

Ceiling-recessed linear fluorescent direct/ indirect luminaires provide higher light levels behind the counter and adequate task lighting for the employees while reinforcing a sense of cleanliness in the kitchen. In this area, lighting uniformity and shadowing are as important as the light level. All workspaces should be illuminated evenly without shadows being cast on the task.

D

B Ceiling-recessed CFL downlights provide accent lighting over the perimeter bakery cases. By downlighting this area, the diffuse nature of the ambient lighting near the bakery cases is continued. CFLs are small, energy-efficient sources for this application.

C The track-mounted ceramic metal halide (CMH) accent lighting is small and allows for many different distributions. CMH provides

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E

F

 Recessed 2x2 fluorescent basket luminaire  Direct distribution  Perforated basket with formed steel reflector and contoured acrylic lenses; 20 gauge cold rolled steel housing with matte white finish  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 73%  (2) 14 watt T5 fluorescent lamps (F14T5/835)

 CCT: 3500K-4100K  CRI: 80+  Luminaire wired for two circuit operation for dual switching, allowing both lamps on, one lamp on, or both lamps off  Integral electronic program start ballast  Ballast Factor: 1.0  System Input Watts: 32  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: 80

 Recessed ceramic metal halide downlight  Direct distribution  6" aperture; 20 gauge steel galvanized housing painted black and 2 piece spun aluminum reflector  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 55%  (1) 39 watt T6 ceramic metal halide lamp (T639W/830)

 CCT: 3000K-4200K  CRI: 80+  Integral electronic ballast  Ballast Factor: 1.00  System input watts:45  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: 32

 Track-mounted adjustable accent light; bottom of luminaire mounted at 10'-0" AFF  Spot distribution  3.5" aperture track-mounted spotlight; cast aluminum housing with white powder coat paint and aluminum reflector  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 60%  (1) 39 watt T6 ceramic metal halide lamp (T639W/830 Ceramic Metal Halide)

 CCT: 3000K-4200K  CRI: 80+  Integral electronic ballast  Ballast Factor: 1.0  System Input Watts: 45  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: N/A

 Pendant-mounted compact fluorescent industrial open lowbay downlight, bottom of luminaire mounted at 10'-0" AFF  Direct distribution  Housing made of spun matte anodized aluminum  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 47%  (2) 32 watt compact fluorescent lamps (CFTR32W/GX24Q/83)

 CCT: 3500K-4100K  CRI: 80+  Luminaire wired for two circuit operation for dual switching, allowing both lamps on, one lamp on, or both lamps off  Integral electronic program start ballast  Ballast Factor: 0.98  System Input Watts: 66  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: 57

 Wall-mounted compact fluorescent sign light with gooseneck wall bracket; mounted on soffit above signage  Direct distribution  Heavy-duty spun galvanized steel reflector and galvanized finish  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 50%  (1) 32 watt compact fluorescent lamp (CFTR32W/GX24Q/83)

 CCT: 3500K-4100K  CRI: 80+  Remote program start ballast  Ballast Factor: 0.98  System Input Watts: 36  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: 55

 Pendant-mounted globe; mounted with bottom of luminaire at 8'-0" AFF  Direct / indirect distribution  Prismatic glass diffuser  Minimum Luminaire Efficiency: 77%  (1) 32 watt compact fluorescent lamp (CFTR32W/GX24Q/83)

 CCT: 3500K-4100K  CRI: 80+  Integral electronic program start ballast  Ballast Factor: 0.98  System Input Watts: 36  Mean Lamp Lumens per Watt: 55

better color than traditional MH; furthermore, CMH is significantly more efficient than halogen. The luminaires are located parallel to the product displays and should have a sufficient range of orientation to easily light the products in the low displays. Bakery goods are typically lighted 3-5 times more than the ambient level to allow for the product to “pop” out.

D A row of pendant-mounted CFL low bay downlight luminaires with a translucent or slotted reflector provide low-glare decorative ambient lighting for the department. Their lower mounting height continues the visual cues established with the lowered soffit.

E Wall-mounted, CFL wall washers add vertical brightness on signs located on the perimeter soffit, which helps to mark the bakery as a unique area within the store. These luminaires appear only at the individual signs and do not light the entire soffit wall.

F Pendant-mounted CFL, prismatic glass globes provide the diffuse ambient lighting. These luminaires are aligned with ceiling elements and over general circulation space.

MAINTENANCE ISSUES Linear fluorescent lamps have long lives and are readily available. Ceramic metal halide and compact fluorescent lamps reduce energy and maintenance as compared to tungsten halogen. It is best to stock the fewest different types of lamps possible. Luminaires should be cleaned on a regular basis to avoid loss of light from dirty surfaces. 4 | Advanced Lighting for Retail

Controls Recessed, Track, Sconces and Decorative CFL Pendants

LIGHTING POWER DENSITY LPD: 1.07 W/SF

DAYLIGHT DIMMING Dimming ballasts and photo sensors will dim luminaires near skylights and windows when sufficient daylight is available. The gradual dimming control avoids a sudden change in light output that may be noticeable to customers. Demand reduction can also be accommodated.

EVENING / NIGHTTIME DIMMING Dimming ballasts will dim luminaires during evening and nighttime hours when customers’ eyes are adapted to less light. Demand reduction can be accommodated.

AFTER HOURS SWITCHING During stocking hours, when less light is needed, half of the luminaires are switched off. This can be accomplished with dimming, bi-level switching, or keeping lights at full brightness only in occupied zones.

OCCUPANCY SENSORS During low activity times, occupancy sensors can raise lighting levels only in occupied areas. Other luminaires can dim the lighting by zone.

Design Parameters

APPLYING THIS MODULE TO YOUR PROJECT The design modules shown in the ALG are intended to serve as examples of best practices in lighting for common spaces with typical conditions. They provide a starting point for design teams, but are not intended to replace the design team or process.

PARAMETERS USED TO DEVELOP THE DESIGN This lighting design was developed and modeled with the following parameters and assumptions. If these factors are different in your space, it will be necessary to make modifications to address actual conditions. • • • • • • • •

30' Open Truss Ceiling 9' soffit Counter Height: 3'-6" Floor Reflectance: 20% Wall Reflectance: 50% Wall above soffit: 75% Ceiling Reflectance: 75% Light Loss Factor (LLF) for fluorescent sources: 0.65 • Light Loss Factor (LLF) for compact fluorescent sources: 0.75 • Light Loss Factor (LLF) for metal halide sources: 0.75

Quicktips

• The overlapping of lighting systems provides multiple ambient sources, often allowing decorative luminaires to be low wattage elements. • Accent lighting establishes the importance of certain objects through the use of contrast, and highlights the form, structure, texture or color of the merchandise. • A current limiting device is used with the track. This limits the power that the track can consume which helps save energy and meet energy compliance. • Some accent lights cannot be relamped without changing the aiming. Avoid using this type. Many manufacturers have methods of fixing the aiming, so the head can be relamped, and then the accurate aiming restored. • Dirt will probably be an issue with all of the suspended and cantilevered equipment in the space. The lighting should be cleaned with a cloth at least once a year. For more advanced lighting design information for specialty markets including inspiration, daylighting and ambient, accent, perimeter and decorative lighting, go to: http://algonline.org/index. php?specialty-market

Critical factors that will require modifications from this design include room dimensions, spacing and height of the gondolas, colors and reflectances of the surfaces, and the mounting height of the luminaires.

About New Buildings Institute

ALG Online is one of the design guides offered by New Buildings Institute (NBI) through its Advanced Buildings® suite of tools and resources. NBI is a nonprofit organization working to improve the energy performance of commercial buildings. The organization works collaboratively with commercial building market players—governments, utilities, energy efficiency advocates and building professionals—to remove barriers to energy efficiency, including promoting advanced design practices, improved technologies, public policies and programs that improve energy efficiency. NBI works nationally with offices located in White Salmon, Seattle and Vancouver, Washington. Visit us for more information about New Buildings Institute at newbuildings.org, ALG Online at algonline.org and Advanced Buildings at advancedbuildings.net.

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