Waste Management in Finland

Katri Penttinen Managing Director The Association of Environmental Enterprises (YYL) www.ymparistoyritykset.fi

YYL / KPe

1.3.2012 1

The Association of Environmental Enterprises • was established in 1995, when five smaller environmental associations established together a new association > The Association of Environmental Enterprises, YYL • 100 member companies operating in different fields of environmental management, eg. Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj, SITA Finland Oy Ab, Ekokem Oy Ab, Rudus, Envor Group Oy, EcoSir Oy – The turnover of YYL’s members 850 milj € (in Finland) • Members are committed to strict ethical principles 1.3.2012 2

YYL promotes the business of its members • acts in different organizations, committees and working groups in the preparatory work of legislation • makes suggestions, proposes and issues expert opinions in the environmental field • protects professional, social and financial interests of its members.

YYL/ KPe/PVi

1.3.2012 3

Turnover of the waste management v. 2010, 1000 €

Blue = waste collection Red = treatment inc. Disposal Green = recycling

Waste management together 1 ,451 billion € Value of Environmental technology appr. 18 billion €

Lähde: Tilastokeskus

4

Number of Waste management companies was 603 in 2010 Blue = waste collection Red = treatment inc. Disposal Green = recycling

Lähde: Tilastokeskus

Katri Penttinen

10.10.2011

5

The Value Chain in Waste Management Waste Producers

Users of Recycled Materials

Users of Renewable Energy

Service Providers

Waste

Collection Transport

Waste Containers

Vehicles

Material Recovery

Energy Recovery •co-combustion • waste incineration •biofuels

Landfill

Process Technology

Additional materials Consultants Research YYL/ KPe/PVi

1.3.2012 6

Parts in the service system in waste management. What is right role of municipality? Sorce Prof Paul Lillrank’s Report to YYL 7

Matherial process

Waste

Transport ion

Collecton

Recycling

Energiy recovery

Land fills

Operators Jätteen tuottajat: kotitaloudet, yritykset, laitokset

Jätteen tuottajat, keräysastiatoimittajat, kuljetusyritykset, kunnat

Jätteenkuljetusyritykset, järjestelmätoimittajat, suunnittelijat, kunnat

Relationships between Different operators

Energiayhtiöt, polttolaitokset, polttoainejalostajat, teknologiatoimittajat

Kunnalliset ja yksityiset kaatopaikat, teknologia- ja palveluyritykset

Technology companies

sells

Companies in recovery

Companies Producers resp.

Jätteen käsittely-yritykset, teknologiatoimittajat, materiaalia hyödyntävät yritykset

Transporting cpmpanies

Municipal companies Makes contracts

Househols Makes decisions

Acsepts

Is owner

Is owner

Comp in enerrgy revery Incinerators

Id owner Makes contractts

Municipal

Municipalities have large role direct or by their companies in different kind of waste treams

Landfills

Blue = landfilled Red = burned Green = recycled Violet = Compost

The treatment of municipal waste in 2009 in Europe 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Kaatopaikalle sijoitettu 1.3.2012

Poltettu

Kierrätetty

Kompostoitu

Source: Eurostat 8.3.2011/YYL

Waste in Finland in 2009, total of 84,9 million tonnes Statistics Finland Mt/a 50

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 mining

construction

industry

services and households

forestry and farming production of energy

1.3.2012 9

Municipal Waste in 2009, total of 2,562 million tonnes Statistics Finland 1600000

1400000

1200000

t/a

1000000

800000

600000

400000

200000

0 Disposal Incineration Energy use Recycling

Mixed MSW 1128170 276870 57730

Paper and cardboard 20 0 27690 399220

Biowaste

Glass

Metals

Wood

Plastics

WEEE

Other

17280 0 180 267750

260 0 0 66180

10 0 0 10000

2280 0 5010 7960

0 0 1790 8200

4000 0 30 41670

27860 0 151170 61130

1.3.2012 10

Too much incineration in future?

Green = amount of municipal waste Light blue = co-incineration (SRF) Dark blue = incineration Violent line = target to burn in energy strategy Red line = target in waste plan 2016

3000000

2500000

2000000

t/a 1500000

1000000

Energia- ja ilmastostrategia 2020

500000

Valtakunnallinen jätesuunnitelma 2016

0

Rinnakkaispoltto* Polttolaitoskapasiteetti nyt Polttolaitoskapasiteetti 2014

Yhdyskuntajätteen määrä

Sekajätteen poltto

* Rinnakkaispoltossa jonkin verran myös muita kuin yhdyskuntajätteitä

The Resource Efficiency Road Map • Waste is a resource • To activate recycling by economical intensives • Commission will review the targets of waste management from economical point in 2014 • Commission will get safety that by public EU funding waste hierachy shall be better implemented

Katri Penttinen

15.1.2012

12

YYL’s large survey ”The current status and development of waste management”

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

13

Facts and figures about the survey • Conducted for the 3rd time, previously in 2007 and 2009 • Carried out by an independent research facility, Promenade Research Oy • Delivered to 1 000 experts, who represented – – – – – – – –

Waste management companies (both public and private) Waste management experts (companies, estates) Ministries, governmental and local decision makers Environmental organisations (NGOs) Universities and other research facilities Business (trade organisations, entrepreneurs) Municipal waste management authorities etc.

• A total of 210 replies were received

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

14

Key topics of the survey • General image of waste management companies – Waste transport companies – Private waste treatment companies – Public waste treatment companies – Private waste water management companies – Private technical cleansing companies • How well these companies meet different descriptive adjectives and claims • Claims about waste management and the operating field (responsibilities, the future, how waste management should be developed) • Legislative needs and guiding methods Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

15

How different companies were rated (scale 1-5) • • • • •

Katri Penttinen

Private waste transport companies 3,34 Private waste treatment companies 3,21 Public waste treatment companies 3,07 Waste water management companies 2,72 Technical cleansing companies 3,10

13.5.2011

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Image of waste management companies Source Promenade Research v 2011 In 2007 (N=170)

In 2011 (N=210) In 2009 (N=197)

=1 Paljon parantamisen varaa

=2

=3

=4

Num. Of answers

Ka.

Private transport companies

210 197 170

3,35 3,57 3,37

4 20 23 313 23 2 18 34

Private waste treatment companies

210 197 170

3,22 3,29 3,21

3 20 6 11 5 15

Municipal treatment companies

210 197 170

3,08 2,98 3,09

9 20 12 14 8 18

Waste water management companies

210 197 170

2,73 3,05 2,88

10 21 4 13 7 16

Technical cleasing companies

210 197 170

3,10 3,35 3,36

2 13 1 9 1 8

=5 Erittäin hyvä EOS%

My opinion of ..

1

2

3

4

5

36 36 30

23 26 31 27 28 28 20 22 19

21 17 14

31 26 23

13 17 14

4% 8% 3%

7 15 % 10 21 % 10 16 %

29 8 7 % 26 5 15 % 33 4 9 % 16 3 30 % 14 5 42 % 16 3 38 % 20 2 42 % 17 6 51 % 18 4 55 %

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

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Main results • Private waste transport companies were described as • Professional • Well functioning customer service • Continuosly developing their business

•

Private waste treatment companies • • •

•

Public waste treatment companies • • •

Katri Penttinen

Professional Their know-how creates a solid base for business development Experts in their field

Follow legislation and terms of environmental permits Trustworthy Responsible 13.5.2011

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How different claims were rated • Waste management should be market based 3,02 (highest trade organisation 4,56; lowest environmental organisation 1,92)

• Municipalities should be responsible for business waste management 2,17 (public waste management companies 3,40; private waste management companies 1,43)

• Municipalities should be responsible for the waste management of public services 2,95 (public waste management companies 4,60; private waste management companies 1,79)

• Housing estates should be able to make waste management agreements with private waste management companies 3,27 (private waste management companies and trade organisations 4,44; public waste management companies 1,00)

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

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More claims • Waste management business will grow even more important in the future 4,50 • Waste management business will be centralized into larger units and companies in the future 3,90 • Waste management business will become more diverse in the future 4,10 • Waste management is a growing business in the future 4,35

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

20

Waste management should be developed… • According to the waste hierarchy 4,35 • Major part of waste should be recycled 4,33 • Major part of the energy content of waste should be utilized as solid recovered fuel 3,77 • Major part of the energy content of waste should be utilized in waste incinerators 3,23

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

21

Targets and guiding methods • Waste Act should have binding targets for waste prevention 3,84 • Waste Act should have binding targets for recycling 4,07 • There should be effective guiding methods in waste legislation to ensure the waste hierarchy 4,21

Katri Penttinen

13.5.2011

22

Important factors in the development of waste management • • • • • •

Katri Penttinen

Development of attitudes 4,50 Effective recycling 4,38 Development of new technologies 4,27 Development of legislation 4,24 Prevention of waste 4,24 Clear waste management responsibilities 4,15

13.5.2011

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