PUB 445 (10-13)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………….. 1 Responsibilities…………………………………………………….. 3 Safety-Related Working Rules……………………………………. 4 Commercial Driver License (CDL) Drug and Alcohol………….. 6 Safe Driving Practices……………………………………………..10 Fleet/Equipment Accident Procedures………………………….. 12 Work Related Injury Procedures………………………………… 13 Cause Identification and Corrective Action…………………….. 20 First Aid Kits……………………………………………………….. 22 Pre-Operation Process (Daily Safety Talks)…………………… 23 Confined Space Entry Procedures……………………………….25 Medical Surveillance Program…………………………………… 27 Fall Protection………………………………………………………28 Excavation Safety…………………………………………………. 28 Ladder Safety……………………………………………………… 29 Job Safety Analyses………………………………………………. 29 Safety Committees………………………………………………... 30 Emergency Response……………………………………………..30 Training…………………………………………………………….. 31 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Work Attire………. 33 References……………………………………………………….... 44 Glossary……………………………………………………………. 45 Contact Information……………………………………………….. 47

INTRODUCTION The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation is committed to protecting the safety and health of our employees, and improving productivity through accident and injury prevention and a healthier workforce. The Department will strive to provide our employees with the safest possible work environment and the knowledge necessary to safely carry out their job duties. The Department’s safety efforts shall be ongoing and focus on continuous improvement. Working safely is a responsibility shared by all employees. Managers and supervisors are to maintain the safest possible working conditions by encouraging safe work practices and enforcing safety policies and procedures. All of the necessary and available agency resources shall be utilized to accomplish this important endeavor. Employees are to perform their duties in the safest manner possible and adhere to all established safety rules, procedures, and work practices. Employees are encouraged to actively participate in the Department’s safety efforts. Involvement by all levels of the organization must contribute to an effective safety and health program for the benefit of all employees, their families, and the public. Influence, control, and responsibility are the key ingredients to an effective safety program. If one of the items is missing or lacking, the program will fail. First level supervisors have the most influence on safety. They work directly with the employees constantly observing safety behavior. First level supervisors provide positive or negative influence. Positive influence will motivate employees to be aware of safety and work within a safe environment while negative influence will have a detrimental effect. First level supervisors must take an active role in promoting safety to ensure a successful outcome. Management has the most control of safety. Management’s duty is to enforce safety policies, change procedures, or redirect resources. Safety is everyone’s responsibility. The importance of safety must be communicated to all levels on an ongoing basis. Safety programs must be established and supported (resources and personnel) to achieve a safe working environment. 1

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this manual is to establish statewide safety guidelines which are to be followed by all employees. Any changes to this manual must be made by the Employee Safety Division, Bureau of Human Resources. Safety must be incorporated into all work operations from planning to completion. The Department is responsible for creating a safe work environment. A safe environment exists when employees are involved in decisions affecting workplace safety. Active safety committees supported by management are the key to a successful safety program. Unsafe acts and unsafe conditions must be prevented. When an accident occurs, we must learn from it. The focus of the investigation must be fact finding, not fault finding, to accurately identify causes and determine appropriate corrective actions. Working safely is a condition of employment. Disregarding safety rules will not be tolerated. Education and training are essential in developing and maintaining a safe work environment.

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RESPONSIBILITIES Management Responsibility As a manager, you are responsible for establishing, maintaining and enforcing safe work conditions and environments by providing proper tools, equipment, training, education, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Managers are responsible for establishing and maintaining effective lines of communication regarding safety. Managers must address hazards and implement controls to minimize risk of injury, whether or not the affected employees are in their chain of command. Supervisor Responsibility The term ‘supervisor’ refers to any employee responsible for overseeing the work of another employee. As a supervisor, you are accountable for the safety of those you supervise. You are responsible for ensuring that all employees have the proper skills, knowledge and training to perform all tasks assigned to them in a safe and competent manner. It is your responsibility to see that all employees have, use, and are trained on proper PPE. You must act safely and direct safe operations by following all safety practices identified in manufacturer publications and our policies, manuals, procedures, work rules and Job Safety Analyses. You must respond to, investigate and document all accidents and near misses in accordance with current policy and take corrective action to minimize the risk of reoccurrence. You must implement Injury Management Procedures for all injury accidents. Employee Responsibility As an employee, you are responsible for your safety and the safety of your fellow employees by understanding and obeying all safety rules and working in a safe manner at all times. You must ensure that you have, use and are trained to use the proper PPE. If you do not have the proper PPE, it is your responsibility to get it before beginning an operation. It is your responsibility to act safely and assist safe work operations by following all safety practices identified in manufacturer publications and our policies, manuals, procedures, work rules and Job Safety Analyses. It is your responsibility to report all injuries, collisions, near misses, and unsafe conditions/acts to your supervisor immediately and to follow the supervisor’s instructions. REMEMBER: SAFETY BEGINS WITH YOU!

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SAFETY RELATED WORKING RULES The Department has established work rules which include safety rules. Listed below are definitions of major and minor work rule violations and examples of safety-related violations, which fall under these definitions. This list is not intended to be all-inclusive. Definition of Minor Working Rule Violations Rule violations that have little effect on the continuity, efficiency, and safety of work, but which cannot be tolerated, may be termed minor rule violations. Minor safety rule violations can result in either verbal or written warnings being entered in your record, as well as, a suspension or more stringent disciplinary action if they continue after verbal and written warnings. Depending on the circumstances, a suspension or more stringent action may be taken even for the first offense. Minor Safety-Related Working Rule Violations • Failing to immediately report illness or injury occurring on the job to your supervisor. • Refusing medical attention when supervisor deems it necessary. • Refusing to seek medical attention for an injured employee who requests medical attention. • Using equipment for purposes other than its designed use. • Committing or allowing minor violations of safety rules, including unsafe acts and failure to use PPE.

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SAFETY RELATED WORKING RULES Definition of Major Working Rule Violations Major offenses are any violations of Department safety rules of such degree that continued employment may not be desirable. Major rule violations, including the following, are examples of some offenses that may subject an employee to immediate suspension or discharge without warning. Major Safety-Related Working Rule Violations Willfully, deliberately, or repeatedly committing or allowing violations of Department working rules and policies. This includes instances where there is evidence of disregard of proper safety practices and precautions, such as: • Failing to comply with proper work zone traffic controls. • Failing to use seat belts. • Operating any equipment in which the safety features have been removed or disabled. • Riding on vehicles and equipment unless designed for this purpose. • Having repeated injuries and/or fleet/equipment accidents that resulted from a safety violation. • Fighting (any employee directly involved). • Possessing unauthorized firearms or other dangerous weapons on Department premises or during working hours. • Bringing intoxicants or controlled substances to work; consuming intoxicants or using controlled substances on Department premises; reporting for duty under the influence of intoxicants or controlled substance; or supervisory personnel allowing any of the above. • Operating Department vehicles or equipment without a valid operator’s license, appropriate classification or certification. • Operating dead-lined equipment. • Attempting to alter equipment, so that it is not in compliance with the original manufacturer’s build or Department specifications and attempts to operate such equipment. • Committing any other act that could endanger someone’s life or well-being.

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COMMERCIAL DRIVERS LICENSE (CDL) DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING Requirements for Administering CDL Drug and Alcohol Tests All employees who operate commercial vehicles for PennDOT must be included in a random testing pool. Refer to PPIM 09-120 and 09-124 for additional information. •

Employees selected for Random or Follow-Up testing must not be given advanced notification of the test. Notification should not occur until just prior to going for the test, allowing only enough time for the employee to arrive at the collection facility for his/her appointment. Advance notification can give employees enough time to take actions that will interfere with the testing process, possibly resulting in false test results.

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Employees selected for Random or Follow-Up testing should have their tests administered within three business days of the organization being notified. If the employee cannot be tested within 3 days or will not be tested at all, the Employee Safety Division must be notified.

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Employees must take the Drug and Alcohol Testing Program Federal Cover Sheet and the Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control Form (drug test only) to the collection site.

There are six types of tests: 1. Pre-employment (drug test only) • A negative pre-employment test result is required for the following conditions: - New CDL employees (must receive a negative test prior to employment); - Employees transferring to CDL duties; or - CDL employees unavailable for random testing for more than 30 consecutive calendar days for any reason (sick leave, extended vacation, loss or suspension of CDL, removed from the testing pool, etc.). NOTE: Employees returning from a work-related injury are permitted to return to work prior to receiving a pre-employment test. However, they are not permitted to operate CDL equipment until they receive a negative test result.

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CDL DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING 2. Random • Employees operating CDL equipment must be in a testing pool from which names will be periodically drawn for drug and alcohol testing. • The Employee Safety Division will notify the District HR office with the names of employees selected for a random test. 3. Reasonable Suspicion • Necessary for any CDL employee displaying verifiable, suspicious behaviors that suggests the use of drugs or alcohol. • Types of observations include: appearance, body odors, speech, or behavior patterns. • Manager making decision to send employee must have completed CDL Training for Supervisors. • Observation forms must be completed and signed. • All Reasonable Suspicion tests must be escorted. 4. Return-to-Duty • Required for any employee to return to operation of a CDL vehicle or safety-sensitive functions following a positive drug or alcohol test. • Return-to-Duty test must be a verified negative result in order for employee to return to safety-sensitive functions. • All employees receiving Return-to-Duty tests must be escorted by Department personnel and observed by collection site staff. 5. Follow-Up • Required after an employee produces a positive drug/alcohol test. • Frequency and duration of testing is at the discretion of the Commonwealth Substance Abuse Professional (SAP). • Minimum of 6 tests must occur within 1 year. • Maximum duration of testing is 5 years. • All employees receiving a Follow-Up test must be observed by collection site staff.

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CDL DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING 6. Post-Accident If an employee is involved in a collision while operating a vehicle that requires a CDL, post-accident drug and alcohol testing may be required by Federal Law. Testing is required when: • There is a fatality (any party involved), or • The Department operator receives a moving citation, and: a. Any vehicle needs towed from the scene, or b. Any party needs immediate medical treatment away from the scene. If involved in an accident requiring testing, operators must not consume alcohol until the testing is completed. Testing should occur as soon as possible. If the alcohol test is not administered within 2 hours, the reason for the delay must be documented. Testing must be cancelled if it does not occur within 8 hours for alcohol or 32 hours for drugs and the employer must document the reason. NOTE: Section 3756 of the Pa. State Vehicle Code requires the police officer investigating the accident to request that drivers of commercial motor vehicles submit to alcohol and controlled substance testing. Under these circumstances the employee must be given time to be tested but must not be taken/escorted by the employer. The employee must not be given a Drug and Alcohol Testing Program Federal Cover Sheet and Federal Drug Testing Custody and Control Form. The employee shall submit the invoice to the employer; the employer is responsible for payment directly to the service provider. Test results must be sent to the requesting police department, not to the employer. Safety Sensitive Functions According to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, the following on-duty functions cannot be performed by a CDL covered employee who tests positive for drugs or alcohol: • Driving a commercial motor vehicle. • Waiting to be dispatched at a carrier or shipper plant, terminal, facility, or other property, unless the driver has been relieved from duty by the employer.

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CDL DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING Safety Sensitive Functions (continued) • Inspecting equipment as required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations or other-wise inspecting, servicing, or conditioning any commercial vehicle at any time. • Being in or on a commercial motor vehicle (except for time spent in a sleeper berth). • Loading or unloading a commercial motor vehicle, supervising or assisting in the loading or unloading, attending a vehicle being loaded or unloaded, remaining in readiness to operate the vehicle, or in giving or receiving receipts for shipments loaded or unloaded. • Repairing, obtaining assistance, or remaining in attendance upon a disabled vehicle.

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SAFE DRIVING PRACTICES The Department requires operators of vehicles and equipment to drive safely and obey all traffic laws. Failure to exercise any of the following safe driving practices will be considered a safety violation: • Comply with all guidelines, procedures, and directives pertaining to the operation of Department vehicles and applicable sections of the Pennsylvania Vehicle Code. • Ensure the proper use of safety restraints (e.g. seat belts) by all vehicle occupants where equipped. • Never operate a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, illegal drugs or any other substance that impairs ability to drive. • Never engage in text messaging or any unlawful use of a cellular telephone or other handheld device, e.g. Blackberry and/or iPhone, when driving a Department vehicle or personal vehicle on Department business. • Properly position mirrors to minimize blind spots. • When possible, avoid backing. Where two or more employees are present, one must act as a ground guide (spotter) prior to backing a vehicle. Discuss the hand signals that will be used with a designated spotter prior to backing to ensure effective communication. The use of a spotter does not relieve the driver of the responsibility to back up safely. If a spotter is not available, operators are required to ensure the area is clear of personnel or obstructions. • Complete a circle of safety prior entering a vehicle. Walk completely around the vehicle and observe conditions underneath, on and around the vehicle for potential hazards. • Maintain an appropriate following distance at all times to provide necessary reaction time should a vehicle ahead slow down or stop suddenly. • Avoid rear-end collisions by ensuring the vehicle does not drift backwards, by slowing down gradually to avoid abrupt stops, and by signaling intentions in advance of turns. • Be alert and yield to pedestrians at the workplace and on the highway.

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SAFE DRIVING PRACTICES •

Ensure the vehicle remains in the lane of travel at all times. If lane encroachment is unavoidable due to the size of the vehicle, be prepared to yield to opposing traffic to allow for safe passage.

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Yield to rail vehicles at all railroad crossings, being attentive to pavement markings, warning signs and approaching vehicles. Negotiate turns by using proper signaling, checking mirrors, yielding at crosswalks and to other vehicles as required by law, and being aware of surroundings. Adjust traveling speeds for conditions including but not limited to weather, road surface conditions, traffic, emergency situations, and variations in road width or direction. Utilize safety devices or other equipment appropriate for extreme weather conditions (such as chains). Check for and properly judge clearances with all fixed objects such as buildings, utility poles, guy wires, mailboxes, guiderail, parked vehicles, curbs, and signs. Park properly by positioning the vehicle within a designated parking space or other safe area. Secure/Lock unattended vehicles to prevent theft or unauthorized use. Ensure all tools, equipment, material and doors are properly secured for transport. Report all mechanical defects or other noticeable wear promptly to the appropriate Equipment Manager, Mechanic Supervisor, or other management personnel. This may be done using the M-614 form. Collisions caused by mechanical failure due to a reasonably detectable defect that was not reported, due to a reported defect that was not repaired, or due to abusive driving are unacceptable. Ensure safe operation of all vehicles and equipment in accordance with the manufacturer’s designed purpose and operator manual. No altering of equipment or vehicles of any kind is permitted without the Equipment Manager’s written approval.

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ALL EMPLOYEES ARE EXPECTED TO DRIVE DEFENSIVELY AT ALL TIMES! 11

FLEET/EQUIPMENT ACCIDENT PROCEDURES After any collision, however minor, involving Department equipment or a motor vehicle (either on or off the highway), the employee(s) involved must report that collision to the supervisor immediately. The employee(s) or an on-site supervisor should secure the scene to prevent further injury or collision. Call 911 if emergency response is necessary. Work-related injury procedures apply if an employee is injured as a result of a fleet or equipment accident. The employee or supervisor must notify state or local police (Capitol Police if within the Capitol Complex) and request an investigation of the collision unless all of the following conditions are met: a. b. c. d.

A collision involves Department equipment only; Involves no personal injury or fatality; Department equipment damages are less than $2,000; and The vehicle does not have to be towed.

A collision involving Department equipment or motor vehicles which results in a fatality, serious personal injury, and/ or property damage over $20,000 must be the subject of an immediate investigation. The operator must be immediately suspended from operating Department equipment/motor vehicles until such time as the collision is investigated and the District Executive/Bureau Director approves reinstatement of operator privileges. Supervisors must promptly notify management of the accident. The supervisor or manager must coordinate post-accident testing as described in the CDL Drug and Alcohol Testing section, if required. Supervisors must document the accident and complete a thorough on-site investigation using the Grab and Go for Fleet and Equipment Accidents and the Investigation Guide for Accidents and Near Misses (PPIM 13-156 Attachments 2 and 3). All forms must be completed and submitted to the Human Resources Office within 24 hours. The local Equipment Manager or the Fleet Management Division must also be notified to ensure all accident reporting procedures are completed as directed in Chapter 5 of Publication 177 – Equipment Managers Manual.

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES Employees must report injuries to their supervisors immediately. The following must be done immediately: • Call 911 (if emergency medical care is necessary). • Secure the area to prevent further injury. • Notify police (if involving damage to private property or injury to non-employees). • For nonemergency medical care, accompany or appoint an employee to accompany the injured employee to the panel physician. Supervisors must: • Notify management. • Document the injury accident and complete a thorough onsite investigation using the Grab and Go for Work-Related Injuries and the Investigation Guide for Accidents and Near Misses (PPIM 13-156 Attachments 1 and 3). The most important step in the injury management process is to provide immediate medical care. The type of medical care required is determined by the severity and type of injury. Supervisors use the following guidelines to determine the type of medical care required. If there is any doubt concerning the need for professional medical care, then it should be provided as a precautionary measure. If an employee requests medical treatment, it is the supervisor’s responsibility to see that the employee receives it. If the supervisor determines that professional medical treatment is necessary, the injured employee must comply. Injuries that Require Immediate Professional Medical Treatment: • Amputations • Bone fractures • Burns: First degree thermal burns (resembling sunburn) on more than 9% of body area, second degree burns with blister formations on damaged skin, third degree burns with skin destruction (flesh charred brown or white), chemical burns (potential damage of skin, eyes and/or lungs from acid and alkali exposures), and electrical burns (skin and tissue damage as in first, second and third degree burns from electrical voltage)

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES • • • • •

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Head injuries Foreign bodies (if embedded in eye or a wound) Injuries from temperature extremes (heat illness/frostbite) Injuries that prevent normal use of body functions (breathing, hearing, sight, sense of smell, use of arms and legs, circulation of blood, consciousness, etc.) Injuries to employees with medical conditions that could increase the severity of the injury or complicate the healing process (diabetes, severe allergies, heart disease, lung disease, hemophilia, prescription medication, etc.) Insect bites and contact with poisonous plants if condition interferes with the performance of duties or normal use of body functions. Lacerations (if they require sutures, butterfly or steri-strips, or involve the removal of torn flesh) Musculoskeletal (sprains, strains, inflammations, irritations, and dislocations of muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, joints and burns) Poisoning or disease (from chemicals and animal bites) Puncture wounds (includes animal bites) Radiation (sunburn over 9% of body and all welding flash eye burns) Respiratory disorders (from fumes, dust, chemicals, heat) Severe abrasions and contusions (large area, deep wounds, loss of blood external and internal) Skin disorders (from chemicals and organisms)

Injuries that can be Treated by Individuals with Knowledge of First Aid Procedures (These Injuries must be Monitored until Healed): • First degree burns on less than 9% of body area • Foreign bodies (not embedded in eye or wound) • Insect bites and contact with poisonous plants if no interference with the performance of duties or use of normal body functions • Minor abrasions and contusions (small area, shallow wound, small blood loss external or internal) • Surface/Shallow lacerations that do not require skin support to heal (e.g. butterfly bandages, stitches).

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES If Employee Is Treated at the Work Site (First-Aid): • If professional medical attention was not needed for the employee, the procedures for documenting near misses apply. The Accident Investigation Report (P-25) and witness statement forms must be completed. A Workers’ Compensation Claim Form may be used to document the injury and may be filed with the near miss report. If at any time the employee seeks professional medical attention for this injury, all procedures apply for documenting an accident. If Employee Requires Professional Medical Treatment: • For a medical emergency, call appropriate emergency response number. • When emergency medical care is not necessary, the supervisor must give the injured employee an opportunity to choose from the designated panel physician list. The supervisor or designee will then contact such panel physician to obtain medical treatment. Reasonable efforts must be taken to ensure panel treatment is utilized, such as contacting at least three panel providers for availability. If a panel physician is not available, take the employee to the nearest medical facility. Follow-up treatment must be with a panel physician. • The supervisor or designee must accompany the injured employee to the medical facility. The supervisor (or appointee) must remain with the injured employee until the following three conditions have been met: - The employee has been placed in the care of a medical professional. - The medical provider has received a copy of the Return to Work Status Report form or equivalent form. Employee cannot return to work until a completed form is submitted. - Information on the Department’s transitional duty program for work-related injuries has been provided. • If it is deemed necessary to notify the injured employee’s emergency contact, consult with management for proper procedures. 15

WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES •

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The supervisor should provide transportation home for an employee who has a work-related injury or illness if the employee has no other transportation. The supervisor must follow-up with the employee weekly until the employee returns to work.

The supervisor must have all appropriate forms completed and submitted to the Human Resource Office within 24 hours of the injury. Required Timelines for the Human Resource Office Notification to the Third Party Administrator must occur: • Immediately for a fatality. • Within two (2) work days for a claim with an anticipated absence of eight or more days. • Within five (5) work days for a medical-only claim. Serious Injuries/Incidents that Require Immediate Reporting: Department procedures require the immediate reporting of serious injuries and incidents that occur in PennDOT work zones, on PennDOT worksites, or on PennDOT projects that impact the welfare of PennDOT employees. This reporting is critical to ensure that necessary Human Resource actions can be taken. Districts and counties must communicate this information to the District Human Resource Office immediately. Upon receipt of notification of an injury or incident, the District Human Resource Office must immediately report all known details via telephone or email to the Bureau of Human Resources, Employee Safety Division. Districts must then submit the Injury/Incident Notification Form to the Employee Safety Division no later than two hours from the time of the incident. The following are examples of injuries and incidents that must be reported immediately: • A catastrophic work-related injury or injuries. • A non-work-related death or deaths on the work premises. • An incident where PennDOT is involved in a catastrophic injury or injuries to the public.

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES • • •

When two (2) or more employees are injured in the same accident. When attention by the press is anticipated. When the incident involves a work zone intrusion.

NOTE: This is not an all-inclusive list of what must be reported. Return to Work An employee must not be allowed to return to work after an injury without a written release from the treating physician. If the employee has physical restrictions that prevent them from performing their full duty job, refer to the Transitional Duty section below. Notify the Human Resource Office immediately upon the employee’s return to work so that the Third Party Administrator can be notified. A CDL operator returning from a work-related injury absence of more than 30 consecutive calendar days may return to work pending a pre-employment drug test result, but may not perform safety sensitive functions until a negative test result is received. The supervisor must immediately send the employee for a preemployment drug test upon return to work. Refer to the CDL Drug & Alcohol Testing section. Transitional Duty PennDOT is committed to providing transitional duty when operationally feasible for an employee who is unable to perform his/her normal assignment due to a work-related injury, but capable of fulfilling the requirements of a transitional work assignment for a limited period of time not to exceed (90) calendar days. Requests for extensions beyond 90 calendar days must have prior written approval from the Bureau of Human Resources. Transitional work is any job, task, function or combination of tasks or functions that a worker with restrictions may perform safely and without the risk of re-injury. In cases where an employee’s restrictions preclude performing his/her pre-injury job (or a particular aspect of the job), every reasonable effort must be made to identify a productive job assignment that will accommodate temporary restrictions as identified by the panel/treating physician.

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES An employee on transitional duty may be utilized for overtime work unless physically restricted by the panel/treating physician. However, the employee will not qualify for overtime equalization if the nature of the overtime work is not consistent with work performed as part of the employee’s regular job duties. Refer to PUB 549, Transitional Duty Job Examples. To Offer Transitional Duty, Comply with the Following Steps: 1. Medical documentation identifying physical restrictions that affect the employee’s essential job functions is required. 2. The County Manager/Bureau Director/Manager of the injured employee, in collaboration with the Human Resource Office, determines whether transitional duty is operationally feasible. If feasible, develop a position description for the injured employee to accommodate the restrictions. If not, please provide justification to the Human Resource Office for not being able to return the employee to transitional duty work. 3. The Supervisor and County Manager or Bureau Director must meet with the employee to explain transitional duties and answer questions from the employee. The responsibilities listed in PPIM 09-086, Transitional Duty Program for Work-Related Injuries, must be reviewed with the employee. 4. Obtain a signed Transitional Duty Acknowledgement Form and forward to the Human Resource Office. 5. The supervisor must ensure that the employee stays within the restrictions as specified on the medical form by the panel/treating physician. 6. Employee must obtain periodic medical updates (at least every 30 days) and provide them to his/her supervisor. Management will determine if transitional duties may continue or are appropriate based on the type of work normally performed, the nature of injury, and medical restrictions. Copies of all medical documentation must be provided to the Human Resource Office.

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WORK RELATED INJURY PROCEDURES 7. Ensure compliance with the CDL Drug & Alcohol Testing Program. A CDL employee is required to immediately submit to a pre-employment drug test if absent for more than 30 calendar days. Review the following scenarios to determine if applicable. a. CDL operator is restricted from safety sensitive functions. The employee may not be sent for a preemployment drug test until released to CDL equipment operation or full duty work. In addition, the employee may not be subjected to random testing until a preemployment test has been performed. b. CDL operator is capable of performing CDL duties, but is placed on transitional duty because of the inability to perform full duties. Immediately send the employee for a pre-employment drug test. The employee may return to work prior to receiving a negative test result; however, must not be permitted to operate CDL equipment until a negative test result has been verified.

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CAUSE IDENTIFICATION AND CORRECTIVE ACTION At the conclusion of accident and near miss investigations, management reviews all of the information to identify causes and implement corrective actions to minimize the risk of repeat accidents or near misses. Refer to Attachment 3 of PPIM 13-156 for additional information. These two (2) questions must be answered: • What caused the injury/collision? • What can be done to prevent it from happening again? Causes and corrective actions can be divided into four categories as follows: CAUSES Equipment/Tools/Vehicles/ Materials or Chemicals • Damage/Defect • Design/Quality flaws • Improper use • Improper equipment • New/Unfamiliar • Improper maintenance • Lack of information

Management Systems • Hazard unaddressed, undetected or unreported • Training inadequate, nonexistent or not provided • Job procedures inadequate or not followed • Miscommunication

Work Environment • Hazardous atmosphere • Improper positioning • Improper configuration • Inclement weather • Insufficient work space • Lighting/Noise levels • Temperature extremes • Traffic conditions • Third party actions

People • PPE not used, inadequate or unavailable • Job procedures unknown, too complex, not written or not followed • Task exceeds capability • Impairment • Job structure encourages deviation from procedures • Emergency equipment not used, inadequate, unavailable • Safety Violation

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CAUSE IDENTIFICATION AND CORRECTIVE ACTION CORRECTIVE ACTIONS Equipment/Tools/Vehicles/ Materials or Chemicals • Establish/Modify inspection protocol • Monitor communications • Correct behavior • Establish/Modify training • Provide proper equipment • Monitor use of equipment • Establish/Improve communications • Establish/Modify maintenance protocol

Management Systems • Establish/Modify job procedures • Monitor performance • Conduct/Modify job safety analysis • Provide training • Establish training plan • Establish/Modify hazard communication monitoring • Establish/Modify inspection process • Establish/Modify hazard recognition/reporting process • Identify/Address communication barriers

Work Environment • Atmospheric monitoring • Address/Correct behavior • Traffic control plan within work zone • Establish/Modify planning or scheduling practices • Establish/Modify job procedures • Reconfigure/Improve work area • Rotate employees to decrease exposures • Implement environmental controls

People • Provide/Modify PPE with characteristics specific to job • Provide required equipment • Promote job procedures • Provide required personnel • Establish/Modify job procedures • Modify equipment or personnel requirements • Correct behavior

Disciplinary action may be taken for safety violations, but should not be the only corrective action. (Reference the Safety Related Working Rules section.)

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FIRST AID KITS The availability of first aid supplies to employees is required for treatment of minor injuries that occur in the workplace. Every facility must have a minimum of one first aid kit per 100 employee occupants. Every work crew must have a minimum of one first aid kit per crew at the job site. PennDOT approved first aid kits must contain the following items: 1 oz. Eye Wash w/Pads 4 oz. Buffered Eye Wash Adhesive Cloth Bandages, 1" x 3" Alcohol Prep Pads Bandage Compress, 2" Offset Bandage Compress, 4" Offset Burn Treatment Dressings, 2" x 2" Burn Treatment Dressings, 2" x 6" CPR Mask with 1-way Valve Fingertip Bandages Forceps & Scissors Gauze Bandages, 2" x 6" Gauze Compress, 1 Sq. Yard Hydrocortisone, 1/32 oz. Instant Cold Pack Knuckle Bandages Latex or Nitrile Gloves Poison Ivy Cleanser Towelettes PVP Iodine Wipes Sting Relief Wipes Triangular Bandages The location of first aid kits must be clearly marked and easily accessible to employees. The supervisor of the unit or crew where a first aid kit is located is responsible for maintaining the contents in the kit. Quantities must be maintained to ensure that there are sufficient supplies for the employees accessing each kit. Items with expiration dates must be replaced before they expire. No pain or personal medications are permitted to be stored in these kits.

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PRE-OPERATION PROCESS (DAILY SAFETY TALKS) The Foreman/Supervisor will conduct pre-operation safety meetings at the beginning of each work period and as conditions change. Discussion should be related to the work to be performed and safe operating procedures that apply. The daily safety talk can be done utilizing the Job Safety Analysis Guide, PUB 517. The following ideas are to assist the foreman/supervisor in preparing his/her daily talk and to ensure that proper safety procedures are established. Additional topics may be obtained from the PUB 247 “Daily Safety Talks.” Work Zone Traffic Control Instructions • Appropriate set up (Reference PUB 213/MUTCD) • Condition and visibility of traffic control devices • Control of construction vehicles and employees/pedestrian in and around the work zone • Flag person(s) location and responsibilities (Reference PUB 234) Work Environment Hazards • Biological hazards (waste water, blood borne pathogens) • Chemical hazards referencing the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS). • Confined spaces • Environmental hazards (sun exposure, poisonous plants, biting/stinging insects, standing/moving water, snakes) • Fall hazards • Impact of weather conditions • Lifting hazards (manhole covers, grates, rocks, tree parts, signs, posts, litter, guiderail panels) • Overhead hazards (overpasses, utility lines, tree limbs, signs) • Road rage/work zone intrusions • Trench and excavation hazards • Underground utilities (notification of PA One Call) • Walking hazards (litter, debris, holes, uneven surfaces, unstable soil, slippery surfaces)

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PRE-OPERATION PROCESS (DAILY SAFETY TALKS) Use of Tools/Equipment/Vehicles • Inspection of tools for serviceability • Be cautious of jewelry, long hair or nails, loose clothing around power tools, machines or moving parts • If no seat, no rider allowed on equipment • No long distance tramming of equipment • Proper backing procedures and use of spotters • Proper training and certification for equipment operation • Proper use of power tools • Proper use of seat belts • Proper use of three-point contact when mounting and dismounting construction vehicles and equipment Emergency Procedures • Emergency communication and transportation process • Emergency Response Guidebook (hazardous material spills, fires) • Medical, police, fire and environmental emergency procedures • Review MSDS or SDS Personal Protective Equipment Requirements (Review MSDS or SDS) • Air monitoring device • Chainsaw chaps • Eye protection • Hand protection • Head protection • Hearing protection • High visibility apparel • Proper footwear • Respirators • Skin protection • Etc.

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CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PROCEDURES Every step must be taken to protect employees from the hazards associated with confined space work. For additional information, refer to PPIM 09-132 or contact your District Safety Coordinator or the Employee Safety Division. Spaces that meet all of the following criteria are confined spaces: • Large enough to bodily enter • Limited means of entry and exit • Not designed for continuous human occupancy Examples of confined spaces include, but are not limited to: • Tanks, Sewers • Pits, culverts, inlets, pipelines, pipes • Trenches deeper than 4’ • Utility vaults, manholes, bridge box beams, sewage digesters If an employee must enter a confined space, that space must be classified prior to entry. The classification process identifies the precautions that must be taken to enter these spaces safely. If the space has not been classified, the employee must notify his/her supervisor; the supervisor will arrange for a Cataloger to inspect and classify the space. Classifying and Cataloging Spaces PennDOT has designated employees, Catalogers, who are specially trained to evaluate and classify confined spaces. These individuals determine the specific procedures that must be followed in order to ensure safe entry into confined spaces. Once the space has been classified, it can be entered as long as the proper procedures are followed. PennDOT has four basic classifications of confined spaces: •

Non-Permit Required Confined Spaces are spaces that meet the basic definition of a confined space, but do not have any additional recognized hazards. These spaces do not require any additional actions prior to entry.

•

Permit-Required Confined Spaces that can be Reclassified are spaces that contain physical or mechanical hazards that must be addressed prior to entry. These spaces do not contain, or have the potential to contain, a hazardous atmosphere. 25

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PROCEDURES •

Permit-required Confined Spaces that can be Entered using Alternate Entry Procedures are spaces that contain, or have the potential to contain, only atmospheric hazards. This would include low levels of oxygen or high levels of dangerous gases. These spaces cannot contain any physical or mechanical hazards. The atmospheric hazards must be controlled by either natural or forced air ventilation. These spaces require continuous monitoring.

•

Full Permit-Required Confined Spaces (PRCS) are spaces that cannot be reclassified or entered using alternate procedures. These spaces have hazards that cannot be effectively controlled. Entering these spaces requires a confined space permit, readily available rescue personnel, and specialized training and equipment. Entry into PRCS by Department personnel without the support of the Employee Safety Division and approval of the Deputy Secretary for Highway Administration is prohibited.

Designing New Structures When designing new structures, the structures must be designed to avoid creating permit-required confined spaces. This includes looking at entries to and exits from spaces and sources of fresh air. Confined Spaces on Contracted Jobs Most spaces associated with new construction are temporary. Transportation Construction Inspectors (TCIs) could be required to enter some of these temporary spaces to conduct inspections. Contractors are responsible for providing a confined space program to protect PennDOT employees from the hazards associated with these spaces. Before PennDOT construction employees enter a confined space, they must be familiar with the characteristics of the confined space, the procedures that must be followed to safely enter the space, and the steps the contractor took to identify and address all hazards associated with that space. If there are questions about the effectiveness of a contractor’s program to protect PennDOT employees, the employees are to report the issues to their supervisor.

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MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM Medical surveillance testing may be required based on exposure to occupational hazards. Employees engaged in the following duties may require testing. This list is not all inclusive. Contact your Human Resource Office for further details. •

Painting - Employees working with lead-based paint should be monitored annually for high levels of lead in their blood, as well as toluene, chromium and zinc. A urinalysis and liver function study must be done as well as a complete blood count.

•

Welding - Employees engaged in welding should be monitored annually for high levels of lead, toluene, chromium and zinc, along with a liver function study. A lateral and PA Chest X-Ray and pulmonary function test are required every three years.

•

Herbicide Application - Employees working with herbicides must have an annual complete blood count and liver function study. A lateral and PA Chest X-Ray and pulmonary function test are required every three years.

•

Asbestos Based Material Exposure - Employees exposed to asbestos should be given an annual pulmonary function test and review of their physical and health history. A lateral and PA Chest X-Ray (with a “B Read”) should be done every three years.

•

Bridge Inspectors - Employees exposed to lead based paint and/or an airborne action level of 30µg/M³ at least one day per year or entering a containment area must get a biannual blood test. This test should be done once during work season when the risk of exposure of airborne lead is greatest, and as soon as possible after the work season operations end. Blood tests should check for levels of lead and zinc present.

Refer to PPIM 09-107 for additional information.

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FALL PROTECTION Appropriate fall protection methods and procedures must be established, implemented and monitored by a competent person for operations that will expose employees to unprotected edges 6 feet or more above a lower level before beginning the operation and until the operation is completed. This must be accomplished in accordance with OSHA Standard 1926 Subpart M and Department guidelines. Refer to PPIM 13-162 for additional information.

TRENCH AND EXCAVATION SAFETY Appropriate safety measures must be implemented and monitored by a competent person for operations requiring employees to enter trenches greater than 5 feet in depth before beginning the operation and until the operation is completed. This must be accomplished in accordance with OSHA Standard 1926 Subpart P and Department guidelines. Safety measures may include, but may not be limited to: • Means of access and egress • Protection from falling loads • Warning systems for mobile equipment • Protection from hazards associated with water accumulation • Protection from cave-ins (such as sloping or a shield system) • Protection from loose rock or soil • Daily inspections of excavations, adjacent areas and protective systems by a competent person • Stability of adjacent structures • Protection from hazardous atmospheres • Emergency rescue equipment Appropriate safety measures must be implemented and monitored by a competent person for operations requiring employees to enter excavations greater than 4 feet in depth, which may include: • Means of access and egress • Testing for hazardous atmospheres • Monitoring for potential cave-in

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LADDER SAFETY Employees must comply with all Department safety rules and regulations concerning ladder safety by: • Attending all necessary training or instruction • Performing basic ladder inspections before use • Ensuring the appropriate ladder is selected and used properly Damaged or defective ladders must be reported to a supervisor, properly tagged, and removed from service immediately until it is repaired or replaced. Refer to PPIM 12-146 for additional information.

JOB SAFETY ANALYSES Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is an integral and proactive part of a continuous improvement process focused on improving employee safety and health. The completed analyses resulting from this process identify the hazards and the current controls necessary to perform those jobs safely. Employees must: • Review all job related JSAs at least annually • Notify their supervisor of changes to work processes, identified hazards or controls • Attend all necessary training or instruction • Perform work in accordance with the JSA Supervisors are strongly encouraged to seek additional ways to incorporate JSAs into their routine activities. Some of the ways JSAs may be used include: • Initial training or job instruction for new employees • Refresher or awareness training for existing employees • Pre-operation instruction for infrequent or non-routine jobs • Pre-operation safety talks or meetings • Assist with accident investigation or After Action Reviews (AAR) • Benchmarking and evaluating employee safety performance • Resource in other required equipment or job training All completed JSAs are contained in Publication 517 (JSA Manual). Under the guidance of the Employee Safety Division, employees will participate in an ongoing effort to develop and revise JSAs. Refer to PPIM 12-154 for additional information.

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SAFETY COMMITTEES Safety committees must be established in each district/county. They may also be established in other organizations, as appropriate. When possible, committee membership must consist of an equal representation of management and union employees. The purpose of safety committees is to regularly bring workers and management together in a non-adversarial, cooperative effort to promote safety and health in the workplace. Committees are empowered to routinely identify and recommend solutions to senior management for the Department’s safety and health related issues. Safety committees must meet the following criteria: • Equal representation of management and union employees when possible • Meet at least once each quarter • Represent and review concerns from all work locations • Set annual goals and objectives, and communicate their status and accomplishments to senior management • Communicate meeting agendas and safety related information with management, committee members and employees • Record and post meeting minutes in prominent places • Assist in the identification and correction of workplace hazards • Review and/or investigate accidents and make recommendations to prevent recurrences • Review safety suggestions Training for committee members includes Principles of Hazard Identification, Accident Investigation and Safety Committee Operations. Recognition through the Department of Labor and Industry is optional. Refer to PPIM 11-133 for additional information.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE To ensure immediate and competent handling of emergency situations, emergency response and building evacuation procedures, including assembly area and roll call requirements, must be established in all occupied facilities. Employees are encouraged to participate as members of evacuation safety teams at permanently occupied facilities to help ensure safe, efficient evacuations. Refer to PPIM 01-026 and Management Directive 205.38 for additional information.

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TRAINING The following training and educational programs are available by contacting your District Safety Coordinator, District Training Coordinator, Library and Research Center, or the Employee Safety Division: •

Safe Driver Training: Safe driving instruction is mandatory for all employees. The classroom course is required for employees who drive crew cabs and commercial vehicles. All other employees must take the online course. Refer to PPIM 13-160 for additional information.

•

CDL Drug and Alcohol Testing Program: All employees required to operate commercial motor vehicles must receive training on the Commonwealth’s CDL Drug and Alcohol Testing Program. Supervisors of CDL employees must receive supervisory training on the Commonwealth’s CDL Drug and Alcohol Testing Program.

•

Respiratory Protection: Instruction on the types of respiratory hazards existing in the workplace must be provided for all employees required to wear respirators.

•

Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act (PA Code Title 34): Training must be provided to all employees on provisions of the Act and employee rights under the law within 120 days of hire. Annual training must be provided to those employees who are required to work with hazardous substances.

•

Bloodborne Pathogens and Infectious Diseases: Employees who are identified as at risk for potential occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material must receive Bloodborne Pathogens training annually. Course instruction includes familiarization with the Department’s Exposure Control Plan as well as instruction on the use of universal precautions, availability and use of PPE, potential exposure risks, and methods of blood/bodily fluid clean up.

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TRAINING •

Workplace Violence Prevention: All employees must receive training/information on workplace violence prevention policy and procedures.

•

CPR and First Aid Training: Employees may volunteer, with the approval of their supervisors and local human resource office, to be trained in CPR, First Aid, and Automated External Defibrillator (AED). Employees must successfully complete this training and maintain a valid certification. They must not offer services or medical assistance falling outside their level of training to assure adequate protection under the Good Samaritan law. Funding for this training is not currently available from any centralized contract and therefore funds for any classes scheduled must be approved locally. Vendors must be chosen from the current Department of General Services master list of qualified providers. Employees who receive such training are expected (within reason) to be willing to offer their assistance to any injured employee in the event of a medical emergency. Refer to PPIM 10-132 for additional information.

Additional Training Resources Training sessions and educational materials for specific needs are available for the following areas through your District Safety Coordinator and the Employee Safety Division: • Back Injury Prevention and Lifting Techniques • Ergonomics • Excavation/Trench Safety • Fall Protection • Flammable Gases and Liquids • Hearing Conservation • Job Safety Analysis • Manual and Mechanized Material Handling and Storage • Office Safety • Personal Protective Equipment • Scaffolding • Sight Conservation • Walking/Working Surfaces

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) AND WORK ATTIRE The use of proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and work attire is required and considered a condition of employment. PPE is provided by the Department and is available to all employees as needed. All PPE must be Department approved. Supervisors are responsible for ensuring that all employees under their supervision have and use the proper protective equipment, work attire and training on usage. The following seasonal work attire requirements apply to all employees engaged in or entering into any field operation involving maintenance, construction, design, surveying, inspections, etc. (on or off state right-of-way). Summer Attire Employees must dress appropriately for exposure to poisonous plants, intense sun, extreme heat, wind and rain. • Light-weight, light-colored, cotton or cotton-blend tops with unaltered sleeves 6 inches or longer from the seam. Seethrough clothing is prohibited. • Full length trousers. No sweatpants or capris are allowed. • Appropriate footwear as defined under the Foot Protection section. Winter Attire Employees must dress appropriately for exposure to severe cold, wind, rain, sleet and snow. The following are recommended: • Wearing wool or wool blend clothing and dressing in layers • Winter liners for hard hats, gloves and glove liners. High-Visibility Apparel All employees engaged in or entering into any field operation involving maintenance, construction, design, surveying, inspections, etc. (on or off state right-of-way) or exposed to moving vehicles and equipment are required to wear high-visibility vests, t-shirts, sweatshirts, raincoats or jackets which meet the ANSI Class 2 or 3 safety garment requirements based on the following criteria. This personal protective safety clothing is intended to provide conspicuity for both daytime and nighttime use.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE High-Visibility Vests All employees, including management and temporary, engaged in or entering into any field operation involving maintenance, construction, design, surveying, inspections, etc. (on or off state right-of-way) or exposed to moving vehicles and equipment must be issued vests. The vest must be worn over at least a shirt with long or short sleeves. PennDOT has two different vests currently in use. The multicolor high visibility yellow vest with orange stripes and gray reflective trim and the single color high-visibility yellow vest both meet the ANSI Class 2 requirements. All maintenance field employees must wear the multicolor vests. At a minimum, the employees from the Bureau of Public Transportation and the Bureau of Rail Freight, Ports and Waterways who conduct construction or safety-related site visits at transit systems and freight-related carriers must wear the multicolored vest, but may be required to wear different apparel/PPE by each transit system. Organizations must purchase the multicolor vest from the Pennsylvania Industries for the Blind and Handicapped (PIBH) through your local purchasing agent. The existing single color, high visibility yellow vest can no longer be purchased. Employees Performing Flagging Duties All employees assigned flagging duties must wear: • Multicolor high-visibility yellow vest with orange stripes and gray reflective trim or • Single color high visibility yellow reflective raincoat during inclement weather. Nighttime Operations During nighttime operations, ANSI Class 3 garments are required for all employees exposed to moving vehicles and/or equipment. ANSI Class E reflective leggings or chaps worn in combination with the ANSI Class 2 garment meet ANSI Class 3 requirements.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE High Visibility T-shirts/Sweatshirts All union-covered rank and file, permanent maintenance, construction, survey and bridge inspection personnel who are assigned continuous field duty, including union-covered first level supervisors, will be provided PennDOT-issued ANSI Class 2 tshirts and ANSI Class 3 sweatshirts. Management and employees performing clerical and/or administrative duties are not eligible to receive these t-shirts and sweatshirts. Employees such as mechanics who are issued uniforms must not be issued t-shirts and sweatshirts. Management and temporary field employees will be provided with Department-issued vests only. Eligible employees must be given the opportunity to order up to five t-shirts for the spring of even numbered years and one sweatshirt for the fall of even numbered years for purchase by the Department. This process will repeat every two years (i.e. 2014, 2016, 2018, etc.). T-shirts and a sweat shirt may also be ordered for eligible new employees upon hire. Organizations must purchase the t-shirts and sweatshirts from PIBH. The ANSI class of the garment is based on its design when purchased. These garments must not be modified in any way. Modified garments will be considered non-compliant. T-shirts and sweatshirts will not be replaced by the employer due to fading, wear and/or tear. Employees will be required to wear vests if outer garments are deemed non-compliant by a supervisor or management. Beyond the PennDOT allotment, permanent and temporary employees will be allowed to purchase their own t-shirts and sweatshirts directly from PIBH only. For t-shirts, there is a minimum of 12 shirts per order and orders less than four dozen (48) shirts will have freight added. For sweatshirts, there is no minimum number to order or additional freight. Organizations cannot assign this additional ordering to an employee as a work duty. Employees who want to go together to order must make arrangements during non-work hours. Employees can order from PIBH by calling 1-800-447-8860 or visiting www.pibh.org.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE High-Visibility Leggings/Chaps Department provided ANSI Class E high-visibility leggings/chaps are optional for daylight operations. Supervisors may require leggings or chaps anytime they determine additional visibility would enhance safety. Organizations must purchase the high-visibility leggings or chaps from PIBH through your purchasing agent. Rainwear All employees engaged in or entering into any field operation involving maintenance, construction, design, surveying, inspections, etc. (on or off state right-of-way) or exposed to moving vehicles and equipment are eligible to wear rainwear. In lieu of wearing a vest, t-shirt, sweatshirt or jacket, rainwear can be worn during inclement weather. If rain pants are not worn with the raincoat during inclement weather, all employees exposed to moving vehicles and equipment during nighttime operations will be required to wear high-visibility/reflective leggings or chaps in combination with the raincoat. The rain coat meets or exceeds ANSI Class 3 specifications and the rain pants meet or exceed ANSI Class E specifications. Organizations must purchase the high visibility reflective rainwear from Pennsylvania Correctional Industries (PCI) through your local purchasing agent. High-Visibility Jackets High‐visibility yellow jackets meeting ANSI Class 2 or 3 standards will be considered acceptable safety attire and can be purchased and worn by the employee. The Department will not purchase jackets for employees. The jackets must contain a label/tag to show that the jackets are either ANSI Class 2 or 3 compliant. Employees will be allowed to purchase the high‐visibility jackets from any store.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Hard Hats/Bump Caps All employees must wear hard hats: • When engaged in or entering any field operation involving maintenance, construction, design, surveying, inspections, etc. (on or off state right-of-way). • When there is a clear and present danger of falling objects. • When exposed to falling or flying material. • When exposed to overhead electrical conductors. • At the direction of a supervisor/foreman. NOTE: Although hard hats are required for the above described circumstances, there may be a need to perform a certain task (e.g., using telescopic lenses, climbing under vehicle for repairs, etc.) which may require the employee to temporarily remove the hard hat to accomplish the task. The hard hat must be replaced when the task is completed. Exemptions for wearing hard hats: • At Department facilities to include stockpiles, garages and yards unless engaged in or entering an operation where danger exists as described above. • While operating equipment with an enclosed cab or overhead impact protection. Only Department-issued decals may be added to the hard hats. No writing or markings are permitted on the outside of the hard hat. Accessories designed for hard hats, such as neck shades, sweatbands, doo-hats, hard hat coolant pads, chin straps, etc. may be worn with the hard hats. Employees must not be allowed to wear any other object under the hard hat due to limited clearance between the hard hat suspension and the wearer’s head, e.g., a baseball hat. Hard hats may not be worn backwards or sideways. Yellow hard hats must be worn by all rank and file employees. White hard hats must be worn by management and first level supervisors. Operator instructors are permitted and encouraged to wear blue hard hats.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Bump caps are optional in any area where hard hats are not required. Under no circumstances may a bump cap be substituted for a hard hat. The standard/safari hard hats and the bump caps must be purchased from PIBH through your local purchasing agent. Replacement Cycles The replacement of vests, leggings/chaps, rainwear, hard hats and hard hat suspensions depends on the particular type of work, environmental factors, the person actually wearing the garment, and the care of garment. Replacement of these garments must be based on a visual inspection. The District Safety Coordinator must establish procedures to ensure these garments are visually inspected annually. The garments must be replaced anytime one or more of the following conditions are observed: • When there is fading, wear and tear of vests, leggings/chaps and rainwear • If the hard hat is cracked, faded or has been subjected to a significant impact • If hard hat suspensions are visibly worn or damaged In addition, manufacturer’s specifications recommend that the suspension be replaced annually and hard hats every 5 years for hard hats worn on a daily basis. Prior to re-issuing, the vests, leggings/chaps, rainwear and hard hats in good condition that are returned due to separation of employees must be washed/disinfected by the Bureau/District/County. Hard hat suspensions must always be replaced prior to re-issuing. In general, garments must only be worn by the employee to whom it was issued unless the garment has been washed/disinfected by the Bureau/District/County.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Hearing Protection Hearing protection must be worn when: • The noise level in the work environment exceeds 85 decibels or as deemed necessary by the supervisor. (Contact your District Safety Coordinator for measuring noise levels in your work area.) • Temporarily exposed to loud noise from operations such as pavement breaking, compacting, power impact or cutting tools, blasting, drilling, post pounding, etc. Two types of hearing protection: • Ear plugs – inserted into ear canal to diminish noise • Ear muffs – covers and seals the entire ear Eye Protection Safety glasses (prescription/non-prescription) with side shields provide impact protection and must be worn: • When operating or working near tools or machines that may throw particles such as woodworking tools, power tools, chippers, jack-hammers, etc. • At the direction of the supervisor. Safety goggles provide impact protection from flying particles, dust and mist/splash and must be worn: • Whenever there is a need to protect the eye from particles, dust or mist/splash which cannot be stopped by wearing safety glasses. • At the direction of the Supervisor. Eye protection devices must comply with ANSI Z87.1. Face Protection Face shields provide impact protection for the face from flying particles, dust and mist/splash and must be worn: • Whenever there is potential for injury to the face from flying particles, dust or mist/splash from chemicals or other substances. • At the direction of the Supervisor. If eye protection is necessary, safety glasses or goggles must be worn along with the face shield. Face protection devices must comply with ANSI Z87.1. 39

PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Hand Protection Gloves must be worn whenever there is risk of abrasions, lacerations, burns, blisters, or punctures. In cases where hazardous products are involved, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Waterless skin cleanser must be made available to all employees who do not have access to other clean-up facilities. Medicated skin cream must be available to all employees subjected to skin irritation or cuts. Protective cream must be used for barrier protection against acids, alkali, salts, alcohols, solvents, and fumes. Foot Protection Safety footwear must be of above the ankle design and is required for all employees engaged in or entering into any field or garage operation. Safety footwear needs to have good tread to help prevent slips, trips and falls. Athletic footwear (e.g. sneakers or tennis shoes) is not permitted. Toe protection must be worn by all employees engaged in: • Pneumatic spade, drill or tamper operations. • All areas where there is a hazard from falling or rolling objects, or from accidental tool impact. • The Department provides toe protection that attaches to safety footwear which is stored inside crew cabs. Appropriate safety footwear must be worn by all employees exposed to foot puncture hazards such as nails, glass, wire and other sharp objects. Respiratory Protection When/where required, NIOSH/MSHA approved respirators must be worn. When assigned a negative pressure respirator, a medical evaluation questionnaire and pulmonary function test are required prior to use. Respirator training and fit testing are required before wearing any respirator.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Respirators must be worn when the following respiratory hazards exist: • Gases • Fumes • Dust/mist • Oxygen deficiency (must use supplied air respirator) • Unknown atmosphere/hazard (must use supplied air respirator) Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet or Safety Data Sheet for the products in use. If respirators are available to employees, but not mandatory, employees must be provided with a copy of OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.134 Appendix D “Mandatory Information for Employees Using Respirators When Not Required.” Welding There are two types of eye injuries related to welding, flash burn and foreign objects. Flash burns can result from exposures of 30 seconds or less. Foreign objects can enter the eye when goggles or face shields are lifted to inspect or chip slag from the weld. Therefore safety glasses should be worn. Welding goggles must be worn while engaging in or observing metal burning or brazing operations. Welding helmets must be worn when engaged in or observing gas welding or arc welding/cutting. Flash screens must be used when welding around employees who do not have flash protection eye wear. The following items approved for welding operations must be worn when welding: • Aprons and sleeves, or coveralls • Gloves Where high visibility safety apparel is required, an optional flame resistant vest is available for purchase only from PIBH, for use only by welders.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Crack Sealing Apparel Employees involved in crack/joint sealing operations are at risk for burns from hot tar or hot surfaces while operating the wand, operating the squeegee, or working on or near the tar kettle. The compressed air-gun operator is also at risk from blow-back of debris from the high-pressure hose. In an effort to reduce injuries from burns and flying debris employees must wear PPE when performing certain tasks. The PPE must meet or exceed the following specifications: • Face shields must be in the ‘down’ position and must be solid, not mesh. • Hoods must be Nomex and cover the head and neck. • Gloves must be leather with gauntlets. • Coveralls must be rated to protect against thermal burns and should be loose-fitting to allow for easy removal. The following PPE must be worn when performing the following tasks. • Wand operators must wear a hard-hat with full face shield attached, Nomex hood, loose-fitting coveralls or welder’s apron, long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and leather gloves with gauntlets. • Squeegee operators must wear a hard-hat with full face shield attached, long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and leather gloves with gauntlets. • Loading Operator (for machines requiring manual loading) must wear a hard-hat with full face shield attached, Nomex hood, loose-fitting coveralls or welder’s apron, longsleeved shirt, long pants, and leather gloves with gauntlets. • Any employee operating the tar kettle where danger of spraying or splashing of hot liquid could cause injury from burns must wear a hard-hat with full face shield attached, Nomex hood, loose-fitting coveralls or welder’s apron, long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and leather gloves with gauntlets. • Compressed air-gun operators must wear goggles.

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PPE AND WORK ATTIRE Crack Sealing Apparel (continued) A safety vest is not required if an employee is wearing coveralls that meet the ANSI Standards for Class 2 visibility and reflectivity. Employees wearing coveralls or welder’s apron that does not meet the ANSI Standard must be required to wear a safety vest over the coveralls or welder’s apron. Employees who have been splashed or sprayed with hot liquid should cover the affected area with water to cool down the hot liquid before attempting to remove garment. Mineral oil is recommended for removal of asphalt rubber from skin once burns have been cooled but should never be used as first-aid treatment for burns from hot liquid. If seeking professional medical treatment, do not attempt to remove material. Chainsaw Chaps Leg chaps must be worn while operating or servicing a chainsaw. Chaps must be carried on any vehicle that is carrying a chainsaw. Seat Belts/Shoulder Harness Seat belts, and shoulder straps for vehicles so equipped, must be worn properly with the seat belt secured over the lap and the shoulder harness secured over the arm and shoulder. Seatbelts and shoulder harnesses must always be used when: • Operating Department vehicles and equipment. • Operating personal vehicles on Department business. • Riding in any vehicle while on Department business. • Occupying a stationary or shadow vehicle in a work zone. EXCEPTION: Seat belts and shoulder harnesses must not be used when operating Department vehicles and equipment that do not have an enclosed cab or rollover protection. Seat belts need to be inspected daily by the operator for signs of damage (e.g cut/frayed material) and kept in proper working condition.

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REFERENCES AFSCME Master Agreement/Memorandum American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Daily Safety Talks, Pub 247 Department of Transportation Working Rules Equipment Managers Manual, Pub 177 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations Flagger Handbook, Pub 234 Highway Foreman Manual, Pub 113 International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA) Job Safety Analysis, Pub 517 Labor and Industry Act 44 Office of Administration (OA), Administrative Manual M505.5 OA, Commonwealth Fleet Procedures Manual M615.3 OA, Injury Leave Manual M530.2 OA, Management Directives OSHA Regulations for Construction (Part 1926) OSHA Regulations for General Industry (Part 1910) PennDOT Personnel Information Memorandums (PPIM) Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Pennsylvania Workers’ Compensation Act Temporary Traffic Control Guidelines, PUB 213 Transitional Duty Job Examples, PUB 549

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GLOSSARY Accident – An unplanned event that occurs while conducting Department business, while on Department premises, or while operating a Department vehicle or piece of equipment that involves Department property and/or a Department employee and that results in one or more of the following: • Damage, no matter how minor, to private and/or Department property • An employee requiring professional medical attention for an injury or illness • An injury to a private citizen • A fatality Competent Person – One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authority to take prompt corrective action. Damage – The breaking, damaging, creasing, cracking, tearing, denting, separation, weakening or disabling of any part of a piece of property. Excavation – Any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in an earth surface, formed by earth removal. MSDS or SDS – Material Safety Data Sheets or Safety Data Sheets are provided by the manufacturers of hazardous substances and made available to employees as notification of all known risks, methods of protection and proper response to exposures. MSHA – Mining Safety and Health Association MUTCD – Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Near Miss – An unplanned event that was observed to have had the potential to be categorized as an accident but did not result in property damage, injury/illness requiring professional medical attention, or death. This includes, but is not limited to, work zone intrusions that do not result in an accident. NIOSH – National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration Property – Anything that is owned by a person or entity including motor vehicles, equipment, facilities, land, structures, etc. 45

GLOSSARY SEAP – State Employees Assistance Program Shield System – A permanent or portable structure designed for use in excavations to protect employees that are working within it from the forces imposed by a cave-in. These may be prefabricated or job-built. Shoring – A structure that supports the sides of an excavation and is designed to prevent cave-ins. Tramming – The act of moving construction equipment over the highway under its own power. Refer to the Equipment Managers Manual for limitations. Trench – A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground; generally its depth is greater than its width and its width does not exceed 15 feet. Width is measured at the bottom of the excavation. If forms or other structures are installed in an excavation, width is measured from the side of the form or structure to the side of the excavation.

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CONTACT INFORMATION Employee Safety Division

717-787-6036

District 1-0 Safety Coordinator

814-678-7085

District 2-0 Safety Coordinator

814-765-0400

District 3-0 Safety Coordinator

570-368-8686

District 4-0 Safety Coordinator

570-963-4061

District 5-0 Safety Coordinator

610-871-4100

District 6-0 Safety Coordinator

610-205-6700

District 8-0 Safety Coordinator

717-787-6653

District 9-0 Safety Coordinator

814-696-7250

District 10-0 Safety Coordinator

724-357-2800

District 11-0 Safety Coordinator

412-429-5000

District 12-0 Safety Coordinator

724-439-7315

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WORKERS’ MEMORIALS The PennDOT Workers’ Memorial is located in Harrisburg’s Riverfront Park, just at the foot of the Harvey Taylor Bridge. The memorial combines a tribute to the fallen workers and an educational piece designed to foster interaction between adults and children. It is designed to allow children viewing the piece to stand under the hardhat for pictures. It serves as a fitting reminder of the sacrifices made by PennDOT workers and of the critical importance of safety. November 22, 2002, the day the memorial was dedicated, was declared PennDOT Workers’ Memorial Day.

District 4-0’s Monument permanently honors the employees who died in the line of duty.

Bureau of Human Resources, Employee Safety Division