map
Floods and flood protection page 18 Danube environment under threat page 22 Relying on the Danube: sustenance, energy and livelihoods page 16 The Danube River Basin: an overview page 3
The Danube River Basin
Executive Editor: Benedikt Mandl Text: Oliver Gascoigne,
[email protected] Layout: Büro X Wien, www.buerox.at Photographs: Milorad Drca,
Gerfried Koch,
János László, Victor Mello,
Mario Romulic,
Milan Vogrin and ICPDR Photos The ICPDR would like to thank the organisations and photographers for providing the photographs for free.
Facts and Figures
Disclaimer: The information presented in this brochure is largely based on the Danube River Basin Management Plan (DRBMP) of 2009 and its underlying analysis. All other sources can be given upon request. Where data has been made available, it has been dealt with and presented to the best of our knowledge. Nevertheless, inconsistences cannot be ruled out.
Go
//
er
iH
a vina //// Србија //// Crn
g /// / Slovenija //// Hrvatska
a
rcego
a
zá
sn
i He
ra /
âni
rs
Bo
lo
sna
om /// R
/
//
// S arország //
Bo
o
ro
agy
///
c
sk
ya
h
///
rr
epu
i ja
„‡
Mo
//
uts
r
ag
tsc
d
te
///
ár
// M
n ve
˙Î
///
a
‡/
De
ster
M
//
u De
n la
s /Ö
h eic
k ˇ es /C
a //// Slovensko / / b lik
H rvat s ka //// /
Å ////
/ Ëfl
v ldo
//
Í // ì
ªÌ ‡
// ////
n hla
// Ö d //
ˇ ká republika //// S // C es / lov / h en eic
///
///
Contact: ICPDR Secretariat Vienna International Centre, D0412 PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 (1) 26060-5738, Fax: +43 (1) 26060-5895 Email:
[email protected] Web: www.icpdr.org
ce
go
v in
a/
///
С рб
omâ ија /// / Crna Gora //// R
nia
////
„‡ Å˙Î
Ëfl
////
ld Mo
ova
/
‡ ìÍ ///
ªÌ‡
////
st
er
re
ich
///
ˇ es /C
ká
rep
ubl
/// Slovensko ika / //
// M a
gyaro zág //// rs
Sl o
ve
nij
rvat s ka /// H a/
//// B
osn
ai He
rcego
Contact: ICPDR Secretariat Vienna International Centre, D0412 PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 (1) 26060-5738, Fax: +43 (1) 26060-5895 Email:
[email protected] Web: www.icpdr.org Executive Editor: Benedikt Mandl Text: Oliver Gascoigne,
[email protected] Layout: Büro X Wien, www.buerox.at Photographs: Milorad Drca,
Gerfried Koch,
János László, Victor Mello,
Mario Romulic,
Milan Vogrin and ICPDR Photos The ICPDR would like to thank the organisations and photographers for providing the photographs for free.
The Danube River Basin Facts and Figures
Disclaimer: The information presented in this brochure is largely based on the Danube River Basin Management Plan (DRBMP) of 2009 and its underlying analysis. All other sources can be given upon request. Where data has been made available, it has been dealt with and presented to the best of our knowledge. Nevertheless, inconsistences cannot be ruled out.
ra a Go vina //// Србија //// Crn
////
Rom
âni
a/
///
Å˙
΄‡
Ëfl
////
Mo
ldo
va
////
ìÍ
‡ªÌ
‡/
//// ////
De
uts
chl
and
////
Öst
erre
ich
ˇ eská republika //// S lo //// C
ven s
ko
/
M
/Ö
///
///
rs
ro
d
ya
an
ag
hl
zá g /// / Slovenija //// Hrvatsk
a/ /
Bo
tsc
//
eu
e
iH
/D
a sn
///
map
Floods and flood protection page 18 Danube environment under threat page 22 Relying on the Danube: sustenance, energy and livelihoods page 16 The Danube River Basin: an overview page 3 rc
eg o
v in a
//// С
âni рбиј а //// Crna Gora //// Rom
a ///
/ Å˙
΄‡
Ëfl
////
Mo
ldo
va
////
‡ ìÍ
ªÌ‡
///
Environmental diversity page 10
The ICPDR: Protecting the Danube River Basin page 20
Tributaries and lakes page 7 Demographic data page 15
Addressing the threats page 24
Socio-economic diversity page 13
Danube River Basin District Did you know? The Danube River Basin covers Naab
na
va
Ku gu rlu i
are
a
Canal DunareaMarea Neagra
Dunav
ta Iska
Mo rav
r
N
va isha
Sofia
Lacul Sinoe
Lake Balaton
a
Neusiedlersee
os
Dun
Contracting Parties of the ICPDR European Union
European Commission, DG Environment www.ec.europa.eu/environment/
Germany
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety www.bmu.de/ Responsible Federal States: www.stmug.bayern.de www.um.baden-wuerttemberg.de
Moldova
Bulgaria
Austria
Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources www.mediu.gov.md/
Ministry of Environment and Water www.moew.government.bg/
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management www.lebensministerium.at/
Romania
Ministry of Enivironment and Forests www.mmediu.ro/
Slovenia
Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning www.mop.gov.si/
Ukraine
Ministry for Environmental Protection (MEP) www.menr.gov.ua/
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Ministry of the Environment www.env.cz/
Ministry of the Environment www.enviro.gov.sk/
Croatia
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management www.mrrsvg.hr/
Ministry of Agriculture, Trade, Forestry and Water Management www.minpolj.gov.rs/
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Montenegro
Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations www.mvteo.gov.ba/
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management www.minpolj.gov.me/
Hungary
Ministry of Rural Development www.vm.gov.hu/
Ozaro Lalpug
Og
es Bucuresti
Yantra
Niša
Black Sea
Ialomita
Lacul Razim
eret
gy-B obá va
Juž
Ibar
ina
Lim
Dr
k
Kagul
Zmeica and Golovita Lake
Her
tyó
Zagyva
Drin
a
Bosna
Vrbas
Ved e
zau
a
nád
Slaná
n
a Nitr
Hort
Rá ba a
Un Sana
Una
Prut
o Tim
Olt
orava
ora
Arg
Jiu
Velika M
aM
Ialpug
iš
Beograd adn
d Bu
Sava
Zap
t
m Ta
s
Mur
Bega
gej
Chisinau
Sire
Be
va
a
Olt
vni
ldo
is Tim
Dunav
Sarajevo
Mures
Tarnava
s
Adriatic Sea
trit
es
Plo
Sava
Bis
Tro tu
örö
Kupa
So
u
me
Mo
are
s-K
Kolpa
rca
M sul
tto
Kanal DunavTisa-Dunav
ó tty
Tisa
Zagreb
Ba
es
B Sebes-Körös CCrisul Reped e ris ul l Mic Ne gru Somesu Crisul Alb
Maros
a av Dr
va
Jijia
Ke
Sa
Ljubljana
mas Hár rös Kö
et
Tisa
rla
Sió
Zala Mu ra
Som
Bâ
u
ere
Sir
a
Dra
a Tisz
Tys
ab
Ra
Mur
Tisza-tó
Prut
Latorica
og
os
Répce
itz
bn
Ra
Budapest
B
r od
am
D u na
Rábca
Ipel' Ipoly
Sajó
Sz
Du na j
Hro
Lech
Bratislava
c
Don a u
Salzach
Labore
ava
Vienna
Enns
Inn
h
Hornád
March
n Trau
Vá
Dyje
Thaya
Inn
Mor
Isar
u
na
Do
approx. 10 % of Continental Europe. a Svratk
Main-Donau Kanal
Danube River Basin District Did you know? The Danube River Basin covers Naab
na
va
Ku gu rlu i
are
a
Canal DunareaMarea Neagra
Dunav
ta Iska
Mo rav
r
N
va isha
Sofia
Lacul Sinoe
Lake Balaton
a
Neusiedlersee
os
Dun
Contracting Parties of the ICPDR European Union
European Commission, DG Environment www.ec.europa.eu/environment/
Germany
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety www.bmu.de/ Responsible Federal States: www.stmug.bayern.de www.um.baden-wuerttemberg.de
Moldova
Bulgaria
Austria
Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources www.mediu.gov.md/
Ministry of Environment and Water www.moew.government.bg/
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management www.lebensministerium.at/
Romania
Ministry of Enivironment and Forests www.mmediu.ro/
Slovenia
Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning www.mop.gov.si/
Ukraine
Ministry for Environmental Protection (MEP) www.menr.gov.ua/
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Ministry of the Environment www.env.cz/
Ministry of the Environment www.enviro.gov.sk/
Croatia
Republic of Serbia
Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management www.mrrsvg.hr/
Ministry of Agriculture, Trade, Forestry and Water Management www.minpolj.gov.rs/
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Montenegro
Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations www.mvteo.gov.ba/
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management www.minpolj.gov.me/
Hungary
Ministry of Rural Development www.vm.gov.hu/
Ozaro Lalpug
Og
es Bucuresti
Yantra
Niša
Black Sea
Ialomita
Lacul Razim
eret
gy-B obá va
Juž
Ibar
ina
Lim
Dr
k
Kagul
Zmeica and Golovita Lake
Her
tyó
Zagyva
Drin
a
Bosna
Vrbas
Ved e
zau
a
nád
Slaná
n
a Nitr
Hort
Rá ba a
Un Sana
Una
Prut
o Tim
Olt
orava
ora
Arg
Jiu
Velika M
aM
Ialpug
iš
Beograd adn
d Bu
Sava
Zap
t
m Ta
s
Mur
Bega
gej
Chisinau
Sire
Be
va
a
Olt
vni
ldo
is Tim
Dunav
Sarajevo
Mures
Tarnava
s
Adriatic Sea
trit
es
Plo
Sava
Bis
Tro tu
örö
Kupa
So
u
me
Mo
are
s-K
Kolpa
rca
M sul
tto
Kanal DunavTisa-Dunav
ó tty
Tisa
Zagreb
Ba
es
B Sebes-Körös CCrisul Reped e ris ul l Mic Ne gru Somesu Crisul Alb
Maros
a av Dr
va
Jijia
Ke
Sa
Ljubljana
mas Hár rös Kö
et
Tisa
rla
Sió
Zala Mu ra
Som
Bâ
u
ere
Sir
a
Dra
a Tisz
Tys
ab
Ra
Mur
Tisza-tó
Prut
Latorica
og
os
Répce
itz
bn
Ra
Budapest
B
r od
am
D u na
Rábca
Ipel' Ipoly
Sajó
Sz
Du na j
Hro
Lech
Bratislava
c
Don a u
Salzach
Labore
ava
Vienna
Enns
Inn
h
Hornád
March
n Trau
Vá
Dyje
Thaya
Inn
Mor
Isar
u
na
Do
approx. 10 % of Continental Europe. a Svratk
Main-Donau Kanal
2
The Danube River Basin: an overview The Danube River Basin is Europe’s second largest river basin, with a total area of 801,463 km². More than 80 million people from 19 countries share the Danube catchment area, making it the world’s most international river basin. All countries comprising over 2,000 km² of the Basin, and also the European Union, are contracting parties of the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR), which is charged with coordinating the conservation, improvement and rational use of Danube waters. Based on its gradients, the Danube River Basin can be divided into three sub-regions: the Upper, Middle and Lower Basins (the latter including the Danube Delta). The Upper Basin extends from the source of the Danube in Germany to Bratislava in Slovakia. The Middle Basin is the largest of the three sub-regions, extending from Bratislava to the dams of the Iron Gate Gorge on the border between Serbia and Romania. The lowlands, plateaus and mountains of Romania and Bulgaria form the Lower Basin of the River Danube. Before reaching the Black Sea, the river divides into three main branches, forming the Danube Delta, which covers an area of about 6,750 km².
3
Territory in the Danube River Basin (DRB) [km2] Czech Republic 21,688
Ukraine 30,520
Slovakia 47,084
Germany 56,184 Austria 80,423
Hungary 93,030 Slovenia 16,422
Romania 232,193
Croatia 34,965
Bosnia and Herzegovina 36,636
Serbia 81,560 Bulgaria 47,413
Montenegro 7,075 4
Moldova 12,834
Did you know? The Danube is 2,857 km long and up to 1.5 km wide. It is the second largest river in Europe – after the Volga (3,535 km).
Share of Danube River Basin in %
Topographic data for the Danube Basin countries Percentage of Population in the Country
Uk ,6% a4 vin go
Au
%
str
%
ia 1
5,4
0%
ine
ra Cr
oa
tia
4,4
%
Bu
lga
ria
%
5,9
0,2
%
1 ia
rb
Se
Bo
sn
ia a
nd
He
rze
,9%
5 lic
ub
2,0
ep
nia
cR
ve
va
Slo
Slo
Austria
territory within the DRB [%] DRB [in millions]
96.1
7.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina
74.9
2.9
Bulgaria
43.0
3.5
Croatia
62.5
3.1
Czech Republic
27.5
2.8
Germany
16.8
9.4
Hungary
100.0
10.0
Moldova
35.6
Montenegro
51.2
Romania
97.4
Serbia
92.3
Slovak Republic
96.0
5.2
Slovenia
81.0
1.7
Ukraine
5.4
2.7
1.1
0.2 21.7
7.5
h ec
Cz ,9% c2
bli
pu Re
Ro
ma nia
29
,0%
,0%
y7
an
rm Ge
an d0 ,2% erl itz Sw
% 1,6
y1 ar
ng
Hu
% 1,6 % va 0,9 ldo ro Mo eneg nt Mo
others
