Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Scoping Report Sumatra Economic Corridor
Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of Denmark Scoping Report May 2014
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Scoping Report Sumatra Economic Corridor
Prepared for
Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of Denmark
Represented by
Mr Peter Oksen
Project manager
Joshua Jon van Berkel
Project number
61800814
Prepared by
Bill Duane; Asep Sukmara
Approval date Revision Classification
Open/Restricted/Confidential
DHI Water & Environment (S) Pte Ltd• 1 Cleantech Loop • #03-05 CleanTech One • Singapore• 637141 Telephone: +65 67776330 • Telefax: +65 67773537 •
[email protected]•
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Introduction
CONTENTS 1
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 1.2
Scoping Methodology and Analysis ............................................................................................... 4 Identifying Strategic Social and Environmental Impacts ................................................................ 4
2
Internal Scoping .......................................................................................................... 6
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.12.1 2.12.2 2.12.3 2.12.4 2.12.5 2.12.6
Methodology and Analysis ............................................................................................................. 6 General Overview of Baseline Findings ......................................................................................... 7 Area of Concern: Cilegon and Banten Bay .................................................................................... 8 Area of Concern: Lampung Bay..................................................................................................... 9 Area of Concern: Muara Enim – Prabumulih ............................................................................... 11 Area of Concern: Palembang ....................................................................................................... 12 Area of Concern: Tanjung Api-Api – Bangka ............................................................................... 13 Area of Concern: Medan – Lhokseumawe .................................................................................. 14 Area of Concern: Sibolga – Aceh Singkil ..................................................................................... 15 Other Strategic Issues outside Areas of Concern ........................................................................ 16 Summary of Scoped Issues for Further Analysis ......................................................................... 17 Preliminary Recommendations .................................................................................................... 17 Agroindustry/Timber ..................................................................................................................... 17 Heavy Industry, Power Generation and Connectivity .................................................................. 17 Mining ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Connectivity.................................................................................................................................. 18 Coastal Activities .......................................................................................................................... 19 Societal Issues ............................................................................................................................. 19
3
Stakeholder Consultation ......................................................................................... 20
3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2 3.3
Organisation and Methodology .................................................................................................... 20 Stakeholder Mapping and Workshop Attendees ......................................................................... 20 Objective and Approach ............................................................................................................... 20 Summary of Key Feedback .......................................................................................................... 23 Relevance for Scoped Issues ...................................................................................................... 24
4
Priorities for Further Analysis .................................................................................. 25
5
List of Reference ....................................................................................................... 27
FIGURES Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2 Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Figure 2.4 Figure 2.5 Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8
Position of Scoping Analysis in Overall SEA Project Programme ................................................. 3 Schematic illustrations of the definition of Strategic Environmental Issues ................................... 5 Map highlighting key baseline features and MP3EI projects ......................................................... 8 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Cilegon and Banten Bay ....... 9 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Lampung Bay ...................... 10 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Muara Enim and Prabumulih ................................................................................................................................... 11 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Palembang .......................... 12 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Bangka and Tanjung Api-Api .......................................................................................................................................... 13 Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Medan and Lhokseumawe .............................................................................................................................. 15 Map showing area of strategic environmental impacts around Sibolga and Aceh Singkil .......... 16
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TABLES Table 2.1 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 4.1
Sustainability receptors used in scoping study .............................................................................. 6 Agenda for Sumatra EC stakeholder consultation ....................................................................... 22 Key concerns highlighted from stakeholder discussions ............................................................. 23 Summary of findings from scoping analysis to be considered for further analysis ...................... 25
APPENDICES A
Baseline Data Sources
A.1
National Data
A.2
Sumatra EC Data
B
MP3EI Planning Information in Sumatra Economic Corridor
B.1
List of Economic Development Projects
B.2
List of Main Planned Infrastructure Projects
B.3
List of KPI and Its Allocation for Economic Activities
C
Scoping Matrix
C.1
Agroindustry: Palm Oil, Rubber and Timber (Include Plantation, Milling, Refinery and Distribution)
C.2
Mining: Coal, Oil & Gas, Gold, Silver, Zinc, Lead and Tin
C.3
Heavy Industries: Coal (processing), Palm Oil (processing) Shipping (Ship Building and Repair), Oil & Gas, Steels Industry (Smelting and Processing) and Bucket Wheel Dredgers (Construction)
C.4
Sunda Straits National Strategic Area
C.5
Connectivity – Energy, Roads and Railways
C.6
Others (Tourism)
D
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
D.1
List of Delegates
D.2
Minutes of Meeting
D.3
Activity Photos
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Introduction
1
Introduction The Scoping Phase of the Economic Corridor Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) applied a combination of internal MP3EI SEA Team Scoping exercise and Stakeholders´ Consultation to identify related strategic social and environmental issues and risk to generate preliminary recommendations on mitigating or avoiding likely adverse effects of the Economic Corridor (EC) plans´ implementation. These findings will then be used to provide interim feedback to MP3EI planners and policy-makers as well as the basis for the next stage of the EC SEAs – namely, the further analyses of likely impacts in order to verify strategic issues and risks. This report outlines the results of this analysis and the associated consultative steps taken for the execution of the Sumatra Economic Corridor (EC) MP3EI SEA. In doing this, this report outlines: •
The methodologies used to undertake the internal scoping and stakeholder consultation
•
The results of the internal scoping process in terms of both preliminary findings and summarised issues in ‘Areas of Concern’
•
A number of preliminary recommendation to mitigate likely adverse effects of expected EC development
•
Stakeholder Consultation feedback, both in terms of responses overview and summarised conclusions results
•
A finalised list of strategic MP3EI-related environmental and social issues and risks in the Sumatra Economic Corridor that require further analysis and which present the basis for the analysis of likely impacts
Determine key issues Baseline analysis Scoping
•Analyse baseline spatial patterns, location of sensitive areas, and trends in indicators for each Economic Corridor (EC) (including Stakeholder Consultation) •Identify key strategic issues in each EC (including Stakeholder Consultation)
Further Evaluation
• Further evaluate identified MP3EI EC Planning issues
Finalise mitigation recommendations
•Formulate final mitigation measures
Draft Report Figure 1.1
•Identify key sustainability issues for the whole of Indonesia
•Complile all findings and conclusions (including Stakeholder Consultation)
Position of Scoping Analysis in Overall SEA Project Programme
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1.1
Scoping Methodology and Analysis Although there is a wide selection and many variations of scoping approaches and methods, the scoping approach designed for MP3EI EC SEAs aimed to combine comprehensive preparatory data collection and mapping, with the appropriate mix of Delphi analyses (internal scoping) and stakeholder consultation. The aim of this approach was to define the scope of further assessment in a credible way and thereby ensure that the SEA efficiently focuses on the most relevant social and environmental aspects. The Sumatra EC scoping procedure consisted of a two-stage process: 1. The first stage (see Section 2), consisted of an internal scoping workshop utilising project team experts in relevant fields to identify the key likely strategic social and environmental issues and their locations within the economic corridor. 2. The second stage (see Section 3) was a stakeholder consultation meeting held in Medan, Sumatra on 13-14 March, 2014 consisting of governmental officials/experts, academics, NGOs and others. This event allowed for dissemination of the internal scoping preliminary results and additional expert feedback to verify scoping results and/or to highlight any data gaps or new insights from a more local perspective. The findings from both these stages were then integrated to produce this report and the finalised list of strategic issues in need of further analysis.
1.2
Identifying Strategic Social and Environmental Impacts Strategic environmental impacts are simply those that can only be adequately addressed at the Planning, Policy or Programme (PPP) stage. This means that SEA should not address impacts which can be effectively analysed at the project level (through EIA / AMDAL or relevant permitting procedures).
The Policy Level In relation to the MP3EI Policy, a strategic issue or risk is where a stated developmental policy or planning direction clearly deviates from established socioeconomic and environmental standards set out as: • • •
Legislation, regulations or policies Goals and objectives, and/or International commitments or treaties
Indonesia’s commitments and treaties relevant to this SEA and which are used as indications of expected social and environmental achievement are discussed in full in the MP3EI Policy SEA (Preliminary Report), which was in draft form at the time of writing this report.
The Economic Corridor Level Underpinning the analysis and understanding of Strategic issues at the Policy Level, the MP3EI SEA process defines strategic issues at EC planning level as per the following attributes/definitions (see also Figure 1.2). Cumulative Impacts Cumulative impacts occur when likely effects (whether compliant or not) from developments accumulate with each other and/or with already existing environmental stressors. For example, if an industrial zone is established beside existing and future areas zoned for residential use, there is a potential for combined environmental emissions (for example, air and water pollution) to exceed environmental quality standards related to health and ecological resources. Proper
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Introduction
positioning of these zones and control of industrial zoning (for example, type of industries, cleaner production) can prevent this before it occurs. The likely cumulative impacts are of special importance for SEA, since given their nature, they cannot be properly addressed at the project level. Interactive Impacts Interactive impacts arise when MP3EI initiatives show the potential to conflict with the intention of another planning aspect or sensitive baseline feature – for example, the intention of a highway that passes through a conservation area. This is an interactive conflict where the related intention can be better addressed at the planning stage rather than via project design (it can sometimes be ineffective and unacceptable). Scale of Impact The scale of impact plays a role when a planning element(s) shows evidence of potential international or regional significance (for example, large scale flooding or water pollution). Here, the scale of impact is considered strategic because its broader implications cannot be adequately dealt with through a more limited Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) / AMDAL process.
Figure 1.2
Schematic illustrations of the definition of Strategic Environmental Issues
These definitions are commonly used when identifying environmental and social issues in spatially related planning processes, and they will also allow SEA experts (in subsequent phases of the Sumatra EC SEA) to carry out further explanation of the identified issues in relation to the principles of the SEA Article 16 principles under Law No 32/2009 of the Environmental Protection and Management Law noted below: • • • • • •
Ecosystem Service Performance Efficiency of Natural Resource Utilization Biodiversity Potential and Resilience Environmental Impact and Risk Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change Environmental Carrying and Assimilation Capacity
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2
Internal Scoping The methodology used to carry out internal scoping, along with explanation of the related results and recommendations are outlined in the subsequent sub-sections.
2.1
Methodology and Analysis Internal scoping was carried out in three general steps outlined below.
Data Collection The collection and collation of spatially related EC planning information and relevant baseline trend data was considered essential to ensure an acceptable level of scoping analysis. For the Sumatra EC SEA and all other EC SEAs, mainly secondary data sources and provincial planning data were collected through a ‘Pre-scoping Stage (see document Pre-Scoping Report Sumatra EC in MP3EI website: http://klhs-mp3ei.bappenas.go.id/document). Approximately 70 Indonesia-wide spatial data sets were sourced through both government and private agencies (see Appendix A for a list of contributing agencies). Both MP3EI Planning data and collected spatial sets were compiled within an ArcGIS database. 1 It is also presented in a semi-public , web-based map browser (http://klhsmp3ei.bappenas.go.id/map), in order to allow for overlay and extrapolative techniques during scoping.
Expert ‘Delphi’ Scoping The composite GIS maps were used to overlay the current baseline features (for example, conservation areas and mangroves, and other levels of planning) with the future MP3EI economic activities and connectivity projects proposed for a given EC. This allowed expert identification of locations of likely environmental and social issues or risks. This was carried out over an intensive one-day Delphi workshop session where dedicated EC team members and specialist experts in relevant disciplines applied the available data (including trend data) with GIS map-overlay/extrapolation techniques and specifically designed scoping matrices to carry out scoping. A dedicated scoping matrix was assigned to each Economic Sector (for example, Agroindustry, Heavy Industry, Mining, Connectivity and so on) and the related projects and spatial strategies (for instance, KPIs and Nodes) in the EC were systematically analysed in relation to sustainability receptors categories. These included physiochemical, ecosystems and socioeconomic (including human health) categories. Each of these receptor categories were then further broken down to examine the impacts on different aspects of each receptor as shown in Table 2.1. Table 2.1
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Sustainability receptors used in scoping study
Physiochemical
Ecosystem
Socioeconomic
• • •
• • •
• • •
Land Water Air
Forest Coasts Biodiversity
Health Culture Economy
There is limited access to the public as some of the data has been deemed confidential
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
With the guidance of a scoping facilitator, the scoping team filled in the matrices to identify specific strategic risks in relation to the established definitions and, among other details, to preliminarily determine the locations where these strategic impacts are likely to occur. The outlined criteria were then applied to the spatial datasets to identify ‘Areas of Concern’ where the likely impacts are deemed to be sufficiently significant, so as to be of strategic importance.
Identifying Areas of Concern and Preliminary Recommendations Internal scoping included follow-up works after the actual Delphi sessions to ‘tidy up’ scoping matrices and, due to the magnitude of scoping results, to summarise the findings into more ‘consumable Areas of Concern’ (in terms of communication and analysis). These ‘Areas of Concern’ were typically identified in relation to: •
Particularly sensitive baseline features (ecological habitat and/or socio-economic conditions such as customary lands or important urban areas)
•
Concentrations of, or interconnection between (location in one watershed) MP3EI development priorities and/or projects and/or existing unfavourable baseline features, which indicate likely cumulative impacts to multiple environmental and/or social receptors (for example, coastal waters) in a particular area
•
Risk of likely large scale and/or interactive impacts related to the MP3EI implementation
It is noteworthy that scoping and ‘Areas of Concern’ analysis considered the entire magnitude of MP3EI planning. Thus, not only specific EC projects were considered, but also the likelihood of developments associated with development priorities (for specific Economic Sectors), ‘Nodes’ and ‘KPIs’. In order to provide input to policy makers, planners and for stakeholder feedback, preliminary recommendations for the most obvious issues were also developed. The recommendations elaborate guidelines for further economic development and project implementation as well as suggest the issues to be addressed within the provincial planning or at the policy level.
2.2
General Overview of Baseline Findings In terms of administration, the Sumatra Economic Corridor consists of ten provinces, the largest number in any of the economic corridors, governing a population of over 50 million people. The population are distributed unevenly, with the highest population density in 2010 in Lampung 2 2 Province (220/km ) and the lowest in Aceh (28/km ). The average population density is 2 approximately 100/km and annual population growth is relatively low at approximately 1.5%, possibly due to emigration to other parts of Indonesia (Geohive, 2013) The terrain is split into two main features – the upland cordillera that is composed of active volcanic mountains, providing a northwest to southeast spine to the main island, and the lowlying wetlands to the northeast of the mountains, composed mostly of peatland forests. This offers the opportunity for many different environments to exist on the island, providing habitats for a wide range of species, including the endangered Sumatran Tiger, Sumatran Rhinoceros, Sumatran Elephant and Sumatran Orang-utan. The two major threats to the environment are deforestation, destruction of forest habitats, and illegal poaching. The forests are being converted to oil palm plantations, with Sumatra reportedly having lost 50% of its forest coverage in the last 35 years. Endangered species are targeted for a number of reasons – for their skins, animal parts for medicinal purposes and the illegal pet trade (ENS, 2008).
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The central theme for the Sumatra EC is given as a ‘Centre for production and processing of natural resources as the nation’s energy reserves’, with the major proposed economic activities being oil palm, coal mining, shipping, steel production and the Sunda Strait National Strategic Area (KSN). The implementation of MP3EI calls for the creation of 13 Priority Investment Focus Areas (KPIs) and a further two Potential KPIs, consisting of 52 economic projects and 294 connectivity infrastructure projects. The distribution of the key baseline features and planned MP3EI projects can be seen in Figure 2.1 (KP3EI Connectivity Working Group, 2013).
Figure 2.1
2.3
Map highlighting key baseline features and MP3EI projects
Area of Concern: Cilegon and Banten Bay Baseline Information This area is currently under development pressure from industries, particularly along the coastline between Banten Bay and Sunda Strait, and is a designated National Strategic Area (KSN) with associated development plans. The KPI for Cilegon is for further industrial development with associated connectivity infrastructure. River pollution is already extremely high as shown by the inability to comply with water quality standards (currently Class III, water for fisheries, livestock, irrigating crop by Government Regulations no 82 2001) with high sedimentation causing high turbidity levels. Also, the water quality monitoring in 2008 showed that Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Permanganate (KMnO4) and Total Coli also exceeded the criteria (BLHD Banten, 2010). Atmospheric hydrocarbon pollutants and dust also exceed quality standards. Air pollution in Cilegon is dominated by Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) (1,8 million tons/year), followed by carbon dioxide (CO2) (0.725 million tons/year) (BLHD Banten, 2010). According to a Marine and Fisheries Agency of Banten Province assessment of each district in Banten Bay between 2000 and 2009, the mangrove area in general has decreased from around 180 ha to below 170 Ha between 2000 and 2009. Mangrove degradation in Banten Bay is
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
mainly caused by mangrove conversion into ponds and industrial areas, and also some conversion into ports. Limited area for industrial interests has triggered reclamation activities, especially in Pulo Ampel and Bojonegara districts, which result in loss of mangrove forests in those areas (DHI, 2012)
Figure 2.2
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Cilegon and Banten Bay
Physiochemical There are high levels of released wastewater from heavy industries in the region, leading to increased sedimentation and pollution of coastal waters. Increased industrial land use and associated transportation will lead to higher atmospheric emissions.
Ecosystems Construction of the proposed Sunda Straits Bridge (JSS) will have direct impacts on a number of conservation areas, both marine and terrestrial. Further damage to coastal habitats will occur due to increased sedimentation and wastewater discharge from the industrial areas. Additional direct impacts on ecosystem will occur from infrastructure development and land use change, leading to deterioration of environmental quality.
Socioeconomic Emissions associated with the construction and utilisation of road and utility corridors will increase potential health complications in localised populations. Economic impacts on existing livelihoods are likely to occur and conflicts may take place between migrants and the existing population.
2.4
Area of Concern: Lampung Bay Baseline Information In general, some river water quality parameters in this area, such as COD, BOD, ammonia, and phosphate, has exceeded the standard (Class II for infrastructure / water recreation facilities and Class III for agriculture and fisheries). River water pollution is mainly generated from agro-
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industries and human-induced (anthropogenic), although air quality is considered to be good based on Government Regulation No 41 1991. Approximately 48% or 45 thousand hectares of the mangroves within the bay are considered to be damaged, while only 30% of Lampung Forest remains, largely due to illegal encroachment for oil palm continued increase in shrimp farms area. In additional, other coastal degradation problem is coral destuction mainly caused by fish bomb and fish poison as illegal fishing practices (BPLHD Lampung, 2012) Mining and other resource extraction activities within the region are focussed on coal, petroleum, andesite, iron ore and sand.
Figure 2.3
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Lampung Bay
Physiochemical Both marine and fresh water pollution will increase with higher production of wastewater and discharge of cooling water from heavy industry. There will also be a decrease in air quality from the development of ports, heavy industries, associated transportation, land clearing and waste burning. Potential planning conflicts exist between existing conservation areas and the creation of concession areas for mining and oil palm plantations.
Ecosystems Large scale coastal degradation will occur from land conversion, coal mining and integrated industrial development around ports and coastal areas, mainly from the transportation of raw materials, energy and industrial production and disposal of associated waste materials. There is the potential risk of contamination from heavy industries towards protected species areas, including coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass habitats.
Socioeconomic Water pollution and air pollution from the heavy industries can, when combined, produce cumulative health impacts, leading to long-term, deteriorating health conditions.
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
2.5
Area of Concern: Muara Enim – Prabumulih Baseline Information The river water quality is considered Class III (fresh water for agriculture and fisheries) since Total coliform and phosphate has far exceeded the standard with the main pollutants being introduced from domestic and industrial waste. The province of South Sumatra has the highest coal reserves and most mining permits in Indonesia. Not surprisingly, the conversion of forests to mining has increased sharply by 60% from 2008 to 2010 and currently (2011) consists of 93,000 ha conversion. Additionally, South Sumatra has the largest area in Indonesia under rubber plantation (750,000 ha). Also, the major threat to biodiversity is caused by declining quality and functional changes within Forests Wildlife habitat due to encroachment by rubber and oil palm plantation, wild animal poaching, and upstream river sedimentation (BLH Sumatra Selatan, 2013)
Figure 2.4
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Muara Enim and Prabumulih
Physiochemical Increased water discharge from oil palm and timber plantations (including fertilizers and pesticides) will combine with wastewater discharge from coal mining and heavy industries (contributing toxic heavy metals) will lead to much higher levels of water pollution into a river that continues for a further 300 km across agricultural land before discharging into the Bangka Strait. Soil degradation will occur due to intensive monoculture plantation practices. Increasing agroforestry business will have the possibility of increasing slash-and-burn activities producing more forest fires. The resultant smoke and haze has direct health impacts on both the local communities and international neighbours in Malaysia and Singapore creating transboundary air pollution issues.
Ecosystems Forest fragmentation from railway construction and enhanced large-scale mining activities will have deleterious impacts on biodiversity.
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Socioeconomic There are a large number of land use conflicts between oil palm concessions and mining concession, mainly due to poor planning coordination.
2.6
Area of Concern: Palembang Baseline Information The main river flowing through Palembang is highly polluted (Class IV) as, not only does it accept local discharge from domestic and industrial sources, but it is downstream from Muara Enim. Thus, it receives their discharges, enhancing the pollution levels. The population of Sumatran Elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is critically endangered, decreasing by 50% between 1985 and 2001, down to approximately 2,000 animals. The loss of its habitat during that period exceeds 50% and the situation continues to deteriorate for these mammals. There is significant encroachment into the remaining forest from land use change due to increased mining activities and conversion to plantations (BLH Sumatra Selatan, 2013).
Figure 2.5
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Palembang
Physiochemical Increased water pollution will arise from wastewater discharge from heavy industries (producing toxic heavy metals) and large-scale urban development. The increase in agroforestry businesses will produce increased smoke and haze that spreads to local communities and significantly affects neighbouring countries. The atmospheric pollution has direct health impacts, both on humans and affected ecosystems.
Ecosystems New road network will allow easier access to formerly inaccessible forested areas, increasing the likelihood of illegal poaching (loss of species) and logging (loss of species habitat). Both of these activities will lead to decreased biodiversity.
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
Socioeconomic As the protected habitat areas decline, there is also increased risk of conflict between the local populace and certain endangered species (for example, the Sumatran Elephant).
2.7
Area of Concern: Tanjung Api-Api – Bangka Baseline Information The Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Area of Concern has two KPIs (Investment Focus Areas) in close proximity to each other – Bangka Barat (Priority KPI) and Tanjung Api-Api/Tanjung Carat (Priority KPI). The main investment to promote economic activity in this area relates to coal with supporting infrastructure, consisting of railway, energy production. Tanjung Api-Api – Bangka are surrounded by coastal waters that contain large mangroves (338,000 ha), peatland and coral reef (80,445 ha). Much of the proximal area is designated as conservation areas including the Sembilang National Park, the Berbak National Park, the Bentayan Wildlife Nature Reserve, the Gunung Maras Nature Reserve, Gunung Menumbing Nature Reserve and the Jering Mendayung Nature Reserve (BLHD Bangka Belitung, 2012). The river and coastal waters are heavily polluted around areas of mining activities with decreasing water quality with very high turbidity enhanced by illegal mining. Crucial issues of water quality is primarily the content of heavy metals lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). A number of mangroves are being exploited by coastal villages, while the area of peatland in the province of South Sumatra is the second largest in Sumatra at 1.4 million ha. The coastal regions are home to significant numbers of birds, including white heron, grouse and seagulls (BLHD Bangka Belitung, 2012; and BLH Sumatra Selatan, 2013).
Figure 2.6
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Bangka and Tanjung ApiApi
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Physiochemical High production of wastewater from heavy industry activities and tin mining (discharging toxic pollutants) will have direct negative impacts on mangroves and coral reef ecosystems. Additionally, there will be an increase in water pollution as a result of wastewater discharge from oil palm and timber plantations. The conversion of virgin forest (especially peatland forest) to oil palm plantation will enhance greenhouse gas emissions, contributing further to climate change. There is a risk of long-term soil contamination (for example, from leaching) and degradation due to improper management of mining activities.
Ecosystem There is a high likelihood of conflict between those agencies tasked with protecting conservation areas (habitat of protected species) and those agencies concerned with creating and developing mining concessions, leading to the possibility of destruction of the conservation areas with a resultant loss of biodiversity. There is further risk of contamination of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems (including protected areas) through emissions of polluted air, soil and water, leading to negative effects on biodiversity. There are clear risks to mangrove, coral and other coastal habitats from the integrated industrial development in these regions, including the transport of raw materials, industrial production and the disposal of waste materials. Surface runoff from the conversion of mangrove (increasing sedimentation) and peat swamps (increasing acid water drainage) to oil palm plantations will lead to the destruction of coral reef habitats.
2.8
Area of Concern: Medan – Lhokseumawe Baseline Information Coastal water quality is poor, especially the TSS around Belawan port infrastructures that reached 179.3 mg/l in 2010 and high E.Coli in Aceh Tamiang, where mangrove areas centred. The mangrove area continues to decline due to their conversion to shrimp farms and using mangrove as a raw material for making exported charcoal. The total forested area in Aceh Province is 3.7 million ha, although some of this is undergoing conversion, particularly to oil palm plantations. In the Province of North Sumatra, it is recognised that there are areas of conflict over oil palm concessions between the government, state-owned enterprises and private companies (BLH Sumatera Utara, 2012).
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
Figure 2.7
Map showing the area of strategic environmental impacts around Medan and Lhokseumawe
Physiochemical There are cumulative impacts on coastal waters from port development and other associated activities (for example, ballast water discharge from ships). Forested areas are experiencing both deforestation and fragmentation through construction of new power plants and roads, railways and transmission lines that cut through the forests.
Ecosystems Mangrove and coral ecosystems are undergoing deterioration due to port developments, power plant discharges and roadway upgrades along the coastline. Increased roadway access to formerly inaccessible areas will lead to increased opportunity and likelihood of more illegal poaching of valuable and endangered species, decreasing biodiversity levels.
2.9
Area of Concern: Sibolga – Aceh Singkil Baseline Information There are various industries in Sibolga – Aceh Singkil, particularly the oil industry, rubber, and wood as the main sources of river pollutants in this area with exceed value of COD, Nitrite, Total Phosphate, Phenol, and oil. Nearly 80% of orang-utans in Sumatra are to be found in either Aceh or North Sumatra provinces. Threats to four mammals that became the hallmark of Aceh's forests, in Leuser Ecosystem Area (KEL), such as the orangutans, rhinos, elephants and tigers, are mainly due to coverted habitat of these animals into fields and roads. The coastal habitat such as seagrass are found in good condition but there has been significant damage 75% of coral reefs in the Aceh Singkil (BLHD Aceh, 2013; and BLH Sumatera Utara, 2012).
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Figure 2.8
Map showing area of strategic environmental impacts around Sibolga and Aceh Singkil
Physiochemical Cumulative impacts of water pollution at the watershed scale from oil palm and timber plantations (mainly fertilizers and pesticides) are likely to lead to coastal water pollution.
Ecosystems Massive forest conversion producing significant increases in surface runoff and conversion of peat swamps to oil palm plantations (increasing water acidity) will lead to the destruction of nearby coral reef habitats and seagrass communities. Both deforestation and forest fragmentation will take place due to the construction of new railway and transmission lines planned to cut through conservation areas for endangered species (for example, Sumatran Tiger, Sumatran Elephant and so on). Increased accessibility into the forested areas will increase the likelihood of illegal logging and poaching activities, negatively impacting on the regions biodiversity.
2.10
Other Strategic Issues outside Areas of Concern The forested areas in Sumatra are undergoing a large transformation, both in terms of overall area and fragmentation. Implementation of MP3EI is expected to accelerate this transformation. Sumatra is world renowned as a hotspot of biodiversity with many endangered large mammals endemic to the island relying on these forested areas for their continued existence. Loss or fragmentation of their primary habitats will lead to the increased pressures on their populations.
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
2.11
Summary of Scoped Issues for Further Analysis Following the identification of the strategic environmental impacts for each of the Areas of Concern, the findings for these areas – and for the island of Sumatra in general – can be summarised as follows:
2.12
•
Water quality issues are relevant in all the Areas of Concern. These are mostly related to industrial and/or agricultural activities. The locations of some of the Areas of Concern are such that there are also direct impacts on coastal water qualities.
•
Impacts on air quality are predominantly derived from the clearance of mostly forested land for either urban/industrial development or for plantations, mostly oil palm. The method of land clearance is the factor that has the greatest influence on air quality.
•
Impacts of development are being felt particularly on previously inaccessible forested areas that are home to a number of endangered species, which have worldwide recognition. Forest removal and fragmentation are putting populations of these species at everincreasing risk, with their extinction in the wild becoming a real possibility. Solutions that can match development requirements with the protection of these endangered species and their habitats are needed.
Preliminary Recommendations Following the internal scoping exercise, the following preliminary recommendations are proposed.
2.12.1
Agroindustry/Timber There should be a requirement for all productive or planned oil palm areas to be firmly established and/or limited in line with the principles outlined in the ‘Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil Production’. It is also recommended that ‘productive areas’ for agroindustry and timber activities follow similar steps. With reference to these recommendations, particular attention should be given to the following areas: •
Muara Enim and Musi Banyuasin
•
Pelalawan and KPI Dumai
•
KPI Sei Mangkei
•
Oil palm plantation on peatland throughout the eastern coast of Sumatra (Asahan to Tanjung Api-Api)
Furthermore, to ensure that the legacy from this process produces a more sustainable approach to forest management, we suggest additional policies to legislate, enact and enforce the principles outlined in the ‘Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil Production’ and also to establish additional conservation areas.
2.12.2
Heavy Industry, Power Generation and Connectivity It is recommended that all planned industrial zones and identified Areas of Concern undergo a strategic sectorial analysis to determine the likelihood for cumulative environmental quality impacts and to determine the need to relocate the planned industrial activities and/or implement retroactively and/or legislate future programmes to produce cleaner energy and industrial production. Particular attention should be given to the following areas:
17
• • •
Cilegon, Lampung Bay and surroundings Muara Enim and Palembang Tanjung Api-Api and Bangka Barat
It is also recommended that the relevant authorities should produce suitable risk management plans that are designed and implemented for developments adjacent to disaster prone areas (for example, volcanic eruption, seismic activities and tsunami). For the Sumatra EC, particular attention should be given to the Sunda Strait area. Another policy recommendation in this sector is to introduce stricter air and water quality standards and support the application of Best Available Technology (BAT) in all EIA-permitting procedures and renewals.
2.12.3
Mining Mining developments should follow strict, newly developed selection criteria at the requisite level of governance and it should be a requirement that all future mining applications (via EIA procedures) comply. These criteria should particularly exclude future mining concession and application in the following sensitive areas: •
Broader Muara Enim Area, Broader Jambi area (existing coal mining area)
•
Bangka Belitung (existing tin mining area), Batam Bintan area (existing sand mining area)
•
Pasaman, Payakumbuh, Pelalawan (conflict with conservation area and endangered species habitat)
•
Nagan Raya, Aceh Barat, Aceh Tengah (conflict with protected forest and endangered species habitat)
Additionally a possible MP3EI/RPJMN policy suggestion is to introduce strict mining regulations related to the design facilities, or management of: • • •
Hazardous material and tailings ponds Site water and waste management Site closure
Also, it is necessary to firmly establish legal liability in relation to site emission, contamination or accidents.
2.12.4
Connectivity New planning rules should be developed for the routing of roads and railways or location of ports, including required mitigation measures (for example, establishing ecological corridors and compensation actions) to offset significant environmental impacts. Management initiatives for water and wastewater management should be extended for all expanding urban areas. Similarly, alternative and clean public transport initiatives should also be extended in these areas. Particular attention to connectivity issues should be given in the following areas: • • •
KPI Lampung, KPI Tanjung Api-Api Padang Sidempuan – Aceh railways corridor Palembang-Bengkulu and Pekanbaru-Padang toll road construction corridor
It is also recommended that suitable risk management plans should be designed and implemented for developments adjacent to disaster prone areas (for example, volcanic eruption,
18
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Internal Scoping
seismic activities, and tsunamis). Within the Sumatra EC, particular attention should be given to the following sensitive areas: • •
Sunda Strait area The western coast of Sumatera
A further possible MP3EI/RPJMN policy suggestion is to set strict goals, investment levels, and operationalised steps to meet national goals for clean drinking water, wastewater/waste management and sustainable modes of transportation.
2.12.5
Coastal Activities Regions that are subjected to intense coastal development (for example, port development, transportation, mining and so on) should require the application of an ‘Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Plan’ to; firstly, avoid cumulative impacts from MP3EI initiatives and later, to ensure long-term sustainable management. In this regard, particular attention should be given to the following areas: • • • •
Lampung Bay, Cilegon and Banten Bay Tanjung Api-Api, Bangka Barat KPI Padang Sidempuan-Aceh railways corridor Tambling and Tanjung Lesung
One possible MP3EI/RPJMN policy recommendation is to fully legislate, enact and enforce ICZM for all relevant coastal activities.
2.12.6
Societal Issues All Sumatra EC developments should respect the livelihoods and territorial rights of indigenous people to avoid social conflicts caused by social upheaval, land incursion and environmental disturbance and degradation.
19
3
Stakeholder Consultation Stakeholder Consultation constitutes a key procedural step in the adopted MP3EI SEA procedure. Results of the consultation process are integrated with the Internal Scoping results and fed into the further detailed analysis of strategic environmental issues. Public and stakeholder consultation is also a legal requirement of SEA as per Law No. 32/2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (Article 18, paragraph (1)) and the State Ministry of Environment’s Regulation No. 09/2011 concerning General Guidelines on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Introduction; Sections 3, 5, and 6). It is apparent that consultation will: • • • •
3.1
greatly enhance the legitimacy of PPP for the community ensure the commitment of all stakeholders allow additional information to be gathered gain an overview of the relationship between community groups and institutions
Organisation and Methodology The organisation and methodology of the Scoping Workshops are explained below in relation to who attended, along with a brief explanation of the approaches taken.
3.1.1
Stakeholder Mapping and Workshop Attendees Stakeholder mapping was carried out during the SEA Inception Phase for the purpose of all consultative initiatives for the Project. The approach to developing a list of attendees for the Sumatra Scoping Workshop was to invite the same attendees and organisations that were invited to the Pre-Scoping workshop. This list was communicated with both Bappenas and KLH – and after some minor revisions, the attendee list was finalised. Key stakeholder organisations that participated in the sessions included Bappeda, BLHD, PPE, academics, professional associations, and NGOs. The Stakeholders that attended the workshop are detailed further within Appendix C.
3.1.2
Objective and Approach The objectives of the Stakeholder Consultation for the Sumatra EC SEA were: •
To carry out planning level ‘scoping’ capacity building for future application for the involved agencies and, also, to enhance stakeholder feedback
•
To present preliminary findings from Internal Scoping
•
To document and respond to questions or concerns from stakeholders and the general public for consideration in subsequent analysis stages of the SEA
•
To obtain additional baseline information and expert input that will aid subsequent analysis stages of the SEA
The approach for achieving these objectives was to hold a one and a half day workshop, where the first one-third of the workshop was dedicated to capacity building and the last two-thirds of the workshop were focused on presenting Internal Scoping results and obtaining feedback from the workshop participants.
20
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation
The session included tailored presentations or exercises, with supporting information in the form of hand-outs and maps distributed to the attendees. The approaches and content for the workshop are further explained in the underlying bullets points. •
•
Capacity building slides aimed to communicate: -
The position of ‘Scoping’ within the overall SEA process as well as it strengths and limitations
-
Various methods and tools for scoping
-
What ‘good’ scoping consists of
-
The MP3EI approach and GIS database
-
Presenting generic animated slides illustrating the definition of strategic issues at the EC level and further illustrating this with real mapped examples uncovered from the MP3EI internal scoping
-
Carrying out a hands-on scoping exercise of an identified hotspot
Internal Scoping results focussed on presenting or seeking: -
The importance of stakeholder input and position of the scoping analysis with the overall MP3EI EC SEA process
-
The EC projects and Strategies (for example, Nodes and KPIs)
-
Each ‘Area of Concern’ and carefully outlining key baseline features, the MP3EI plans, and the key strategic risk identified
-
Immediate comment or feedback from the stakeholders regarding the findings
-
Preliminary recommendations
-
Opening the floor in plenary style discussions
The Stakeholder and Public Consultations were conducted at the Hotel Santika Premiere, Medan on 13-14 March 2014. An example of the workshop agenda is presented in Table 3.1, below.
21
Table 3.1
Agenda for Sumatra EC stakeholder consultation
Day 1 Time
Agenda
Person in charge
08.00 – 09.00 09.00 – 09.15
Registration of participants Introduction Opening speech by the Connectivity Working Group MP3EI Opening speech by the PIC Economic Corridor
Registration team
09.15 – 09.35
09.35 – 10.20
10.20 – 10.30 10.30 – 11.45
11.45 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.30 13.30 – 15.00
15.00 – 15.15 15.15 – 16.15 16.15 – 16.30 19.00 – End
Review of General and MP3EI SEA Processes: Explanation and development stages of the SEA MP3EI Scoping Stages Session I: SEA Scoping Principles and Methods a. Purpose and Limitations b. Common Approaches c. MP3EI Approach/GIS Overlay-Matrix Coffee / Tea Session II: Hands-on Scoping Exercise a. Explanation of the Definition of Strategic Issues b. Application of the Scoping Matrix c. Example of how to use of the GIS Database d. Execution of hands-on scoping MP3EI Cases Session III: Continuous SEA MP3EI for EC a. Progress of MP3EI and the goal of Stakeholder session (e.g. FGD/Focus Group Discussion) b. Policy, Plan and Program of MP3EI in each Economic Corridor c. Explanation of the definition of strategic issues Lunch Session IV : Presentation of Internal Scoping results a. Approach to Expert Scoping (key MP3EI EC Activities) b. Illustration of findings of EC SEA Scoping findings using GIS maps c. Discussion and Q&A session Coffee Break Continue from Session IV (group discussion) Closing Dinner
Connectivity Working Group MP3EI and the PIC Economic Corridor SEA MP3EI team
SEA MP3EI team
SEA MP3EI team
SEA MP3EI team
SEA MP3EI team
SEA MP3EI team SEA MP3EI team
Day 2 Time
Agenda
Person in charge
08.00 – 08.30 08.30 – 09.15
Re-registration Opening Speech: Review of Day 1 activities Session I: Presentation of Preliminary Recommendations for the Economic Corridor Coffee Break Session II: Plenary Session (summary and documentation of the feedback/comments from participants) Next Steps in MP3EI Closing Lunch
Registration team SEA MP3EI team
09.15 – 09.30 09.30 – 11.00 11.00 – 11.15 11.15 11.30
22
Group explanation SEA MP3EI team
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation
3.2
Summary of Key Feedback The key stakeholder comments showed concern for legal, environmental and social aspects of the MP3EI plans. Detailed minutes from the workshop are provided in Appendix C. In summary, seven key concerns were determined within Sumatra EC. Table 3.2 provides the list of these key concerns. Table 3.2 No.
Key concerns highlighted from stakeholder discussions
Key Concern
1
At the EC level, the key stakeholder comments showed concern for environmental and social impacts related to conflict of interests between development and the environment, using railway construction through forested areas and coal mining in undisturbed areas as examples. It was proposed that the main problem will be to reconcile the demands of the different parties, such that implementation of the MP3EI projects would be acceptable at the regional and local level.
2
There were further concerns regarding how the MP3EI and SEA plans fit in with other development plans and decrees. Other plans include the ‘Road Map Sumatra’ signed by all ten provinces in Sumatra, the WWF sponsored Zona RIMBA report (detailing railway construction in Riau, Jambi and SumBar) and the Presidential Decree No.13 in 2013 that stated the development in Sumatra must be ecosystem-based (which MP3EI has, so far, failed to take into account).
3
The extra strain on already stretched resources to supply sufficient food, energy and water across Sumatra was highlighted. The message from the meeting was that there are already daily power cuts due to excess demands, so how is it possible to supply the high-energy industrial activities proposed by MP3EI? Many industries in the current Medan Industrial Zone (KIM) have already closed down due to the insufficient supply of gas and electricity for production. The call was for the SEA to determine the carrying capacity of the island as part of the process.
4
Lampung Bay is already a centre for industrialisation, so it is questionable if any further economic development is sustainable. This is particularly relevant for the coal reserves located in the wetland areas of Mesuji Regency. Mining concessions have already been distributed, and serious environmental degradation will occur if unregulated practices are allowed to take place. Serious conflicts have already occurred here over land ownership between the indigenous people and developers.
5
The plight of the indigenous people was highlighted within the Muara Enim region. It was proposed that if the mining concessions were allowed to proceed, then their way of life would be destroyed. If not properly handled, this would result in many societal problems that displaced people generally have.
6
Some concern was also raised as to the national government’s push to further developing oil palm plantations in Sumatra, given the expected deterioration and fragmentation of the remaining forests. Planning focus should be less on land exploitation and more on economic exploitation by exploring farming intensification and downstream added values.
7
The province of Aceh is already undergoing increased conflicts between humans and wildlife as plantations expand across the region. Elephant habitats are being pushed towards mangroves and dead elephants are being found in the plantation areas, suspected to be poisoned. Road construction needs to take note of possible forest fragmentation and further conflicts between humans and wildlife (especially tigers and elephants). Loss of forest in the upland areas is also causing flooding (for example, Aceh Tamiang Regency in 2006).
23
3.3
Relevance for Scoped Issues Following the presentation of the results from the internal scoping exercise and some round table discussion of these findings, stakeholder feedback was invited and discussed at the final session. The main topic that came up repeatedly at the stakeholder consultation workshop was that of changing land use, particularly from undisturbed land to oil palm plantations, and the way the plantations were managed. Various parties commented on the present impacts of palm oil development and were seriously concerned by the future impacts from the planned increase in land conversion. The resultant impacts that were highlighted were conflicts between humans and wildlife, and water issues – both excessive use of water resources and also downstream flooding. Some legislative solutions (for example, limitations of plantation growth by quota and compensation schemes) were put forward (please see Minutes of Meeting in Appendix C), but this is outside the scope of the SEA. It was noted that oil palm plantation companies and their supply chains should be certified by either the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) or Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). Alternative renewable energy sources should be explored, thus reducing the dominant use of coal to supply the needs of MP3EI projects. This could include the use of recycled waste, biodiesel and geothermal sources, while some of the recycled waste could also be used as fertilizer for increased agricultural demands. Overall, the views appear to indicate that the impacts considered to be the most important were direct present-day impacts from land use conversion that were already affecting the population. Indirect future impacts (for example, air pollution and coastal habitat degradation from increased industrialisation or urbanisation) were not considered to be immediate, and therefore significant, threats.
24
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
Priorities for Further Analysis The results in this section were obtained from a synthesis of the results from the Internal Scoping workshop (Section 2) and the feedback from the Stakeholder Consultation workshop (Section 3). In terms of identifying the key strategic environmental issues, the findings can be summarised under three major headings.
Environmental Quality Implementation of the MP3EI will lead to an intensification of pollution in terms of air and water quality from infrastructure development and increased economic activities. Land and soil degradation through agroindustry as well as coal and tin mining will also become more prevalent in certain areas.
Ecosystem Forest-based ecosystems will be severely impacted, including those within legally protected areas. This is mostly through changing land-use for oil palm plantations along with urban and industrial development. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to infrastructure development and increased economic activities will lead to the loss of biodiversity, especially impacting endangered species. Coastal development, leading to water pollution and increased sediment loading will also cause degradation of proximal coastal marine ecosystems.
Socioeconomic Increased urban and industrial development will lead to the increased pressures on both water and waste management. Particularly with unplanned urban growth, this can leading to the slum development. Expanding urbanisation and industrial growth increases the risk of conflicts between developers and indigenous communities over customary land and potentially large risk of losing traditional livelihoods of rural communities. There will also be increased public health risks related to the environmental quality of air and water. The specific strategic issues in need of further analysis are outlined in more detail for each of the sustainability receptors in Table 4.1 below. Table 4.1 Receptor Type
Physiochemical
4
Summary of findings from scoping analysis to be considered for further analysis Strategic Issue(s)
Applicable Areas of Concern
Specific Areas for Further Analysis
Increase water pollution from heavy industry
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Cilegon and Banten Bay Lampung Bay Muara Enim - Prabumulih Palembang
Muntok, Cilegon Palembang, Pendopo
Increased water demand and pollution from palm oil and timber industry
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Muara Enim and Prabumulih Sibolga – Aceh Singkil
Tanjung Api-Api, Musi Watershed (Muara Enim),
Air pollution from industrial development and heavy industries
Cilegon and Banten Bay Lampung Bay
Cilegon
Air pollution from land clearing and forest burning
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Cilegon and Banten Bay Lampung Bay Muara Enim - Prabumulih Palembang
Banyuasin and Muara Enim Regency
GHG emission from the conversion of virgin land
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka
Tanjung Api-Api
25
Receptor Type
Strategic Issue(s)
Ecosystem Socioeconomic
Specific Areas for Further Analysis
Soil degradation due to intensive monoculture plantation techniques
Muara Enim - Prabumulih
Musi Watershed
Both infrastructure development and land-use change cause direct impacts through removal of habitat, deterioration of environmental quality, and disturbance
Cilegon and Banten Bay
Banten Bay
Soil contamination (for example, leaching) and degradation due to improper management of mining activities
26
Applicable Areas of Concern
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka
Along coastline of Bangka and Bangka Barat
Impact on coastal areas through integrated industrial development
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Cilegon and Banten Bay Lampung Bay Medan - Lhokseumawe Sibolga - Aceh Singkil
Muntok, Banten Bay, Lampung Bay
Damage to biodiversity through illegal logging and poaching
Medan - Lhokseumawe Palembang Sibolga - Aceh Singkil
Tapanuli Tengah
Forest fragmentation
Muara Enim - Prabumulih Sibolga – Aceh Singkil
Tapanuli Tengah
Conflict between conservation areas and development
Tanjung Api-Api - Bangka Cilegon and Banten Bay Palembang
Muntok
Land use conflicts between oil palm concession and mining concession areas due to poor planning coordination
Muara Enim - Prabumulih
Muara Enim Regency
Public health from increased road and utility corridors
Cilegon and Banten Bay Lampung Bay Muara Enim - Prabumulih Palembang
Cilegon, Bandar Lampung
Economic impacts and conflicts from inwards migration of workers
Cilegon and Banten Bay
Cilegon
Planning conflicts between conservation areas and plantation and mining concessions
Lampung Bay
Lampung Selatan
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
5
List of Reference
BLHD-Aceh. (2013). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Aceh Tahun 2013. Aceh. BLHD-BangkaBelitung. (2012). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Tahun 2012. Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. BLHD-Banten. (2010). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi Banten Tahun 2010. Serang. BLH-SumateraUtara. (2012). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2012. Medan. BLH-SumatraSelatan. (2013). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi Sumatra Selatan Tahun 2013. Palembang. BPLHD-Lampung. (2012). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Daerah Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2012. Bandar Lampung. ENS. (2008, October 14). Environment News Service. Retrieved May 03, 2014, from http://www.ensnewswire.com/ens/oct2008/2008-10-14-01.asp Geohive. (2013). Indonesia Population Statistics. Retrieved 05 03, 2014, from http://www.geohive.com/cntry/indonesia.aspx
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APPENDI CE S
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / JVB / 2014-05
APPENDI X A – Baseli ne Dat a Sourc es
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Baseline Data Sources
A
Baseline Data Sources
A.1
National Data No. 1
Content Land Ecoregion Map
Data Format
Language
Source
Date Received
SHP
Bahasa
Book
Bahasa
Book
Bahasa
Excel Excel
English English
Ministry of Environment Ministry of Environment Ministry of Environment Statistic Indonesia Statistic Indonesia
Excel
English
Statistic Indonesia
26 July 2013
Excel SHP
English Bahasa
Statistic Indonesia Bappenas
26 July 2013 30 July 2013
SHP
English
UKP4
30 July 2013
SHP
English
Bappenas
30 July 2013
22 July 2013
10
Sea Water Quality Monitoring in Indonesia Lake Water Quality Monitoring in Indonesia Population Illiteracy Rate School Participation Rate 2012 Percentage of Poor People Indonesia Basemap (Regency, Province) Indicative Moratorium Map Rev. 4 MP3EI Road
11
Investment Focus Area
SHP
English
Bappenas
30 July 2013
12
MP3EI Infrastructure Project
SHP
Bahasa
Bappenas
30 July 2013
13
GDP Rate
Excel
English
Bappenas
28 August 2013
14
Open Unemployment
Excel
English
Bappenas
28 August 2013
15
SHP
English
Ministry of Forestry
30 August 2013
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Forestry
30 August 2013
17
Indonesia Conservation Areas Map Moratorium Area Map (Forest, Peatland) Mangrove Area Map
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Forestry
30 August 2013
18
Fire Hotspot 2005-2013
SHP
English
Ministry of Forestry
2 September 2013
19
Peatland
SHP
English
Ministry of Forestry
2 September 2013
20
Mangrove Area Map
SHP
English
Ministry of Forestry
2 September 2013
21
World Heritage
SHP
English
UNESCO
6 September2013
22
Health facilities by province
PDF
Bahasa
Statistic Indonesia
23
HIV/AIDS Cases
PDF
English
Statistic Indonesia
24
Malaria Cases
PDF
English
Statistic Indonesia
25
Marine Protected Area
SHP
English
26
Oil Palm 2010
SHP
English
27
Kalimantan Island Spatial Planning (RTRW) Sumatera Island Spatial Planning (RTRW) Jawa-Bali Island Spatial Planning (RTRW)
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Marine Affair and Fisheries World Resources Institute Ministry of Public Works Ministry of Public Works Ministry of Public Works
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
16
28 29
22 July 2013 22 July 2013 26 July 2013 26 July 2013
13 September2013 13 September 2013 13 September 2013 18 September 2013 23 September 2013 27 September2013 27 September 2013 27 September2013
A-1
No.
Content
30
34
Sulawesi Island Spatial Planning (RTRW) Maluku Islands Spatial Planning (RTRW) Papua Island Spatial Planning (RTRW) Nusa Tenggara Islands Spatial Planning (RTRW) MP3EI Main Activities
35
31
Language
Source
Date Received
Bahasa
Ministry of Public Works Ministry of Public Works Ministry of Public Works Ministry of Public Works KP3EI
27 September 2013 27 September 2013 27 September 2013 27 September 2013 7 October 2013 21 October 2013
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
Coral reefs distribution
SHP
Bahasa
36
Sea grass distribution
SHP
Bahasa
37
Land Cover 2006, 2009, 2011
SHP
Bahasa
LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Ministry of Forestry
38
Deforestation 2003-2006, 2006-2009, 2009-2011 Indicative Moratorium Map Rev. 4 Peatland (source: Ministry of Agriculture) Illiteracy Rate 2011 and 2012 School Participation Rate 2011 and 2012
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Forestry
23 October 2013
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Forestry
23 October 2013
SHP
Bahasa
Ministry of Forestry
23 October 2013
Excel
English
Statistic Indonesia
23 October 2013
Excel
English
Statistic Indonesia
23 October 2013
32 33
39 40 41 42
A-2
Data Format SHP
BNPB (National Agency for Disaster) BNPB (National Agency for Disaster) Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Ministry of Environment Wetlands International Indonesia Wildlife Conservation Society
43
Disaster Maps
GDB
English
44
Disaster Risk Maps
GDB
English
45
Coral reefs distribution
SHP
English
46
Sea grass distribution
SHP
English
47
Mangrove distribution
SHP
Bahasa
48
Indonesia Land Customary
JPEG
Bahasa
49
Peatland
SHP
English
50
Orangutan, Tiger, Elephant, and Maleo distribution
SHP
English
51
Important Bird Area
SHP
English
Burung Indonesia
52
Aceh forest 2006, 2009, 2011
SHP
English
Fauna and Flora International
22 October 2013
23 October 2013
24 October 2013
24 October 2013
31 October 2013
31 October 2013
31 October 2013 6 November 2013 12 November 2013 12 November 2013 20 November 2013 22 November 2013
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Baseline Data Sources
Data Format
Language
No.
Content
53
Orang-utan distribution in Aceh 2007
SHP
English
54
Elephant habitat in Aceh 2009
SHP
English
SHP
English
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
55 56 57
Tiger Distribution in Aceh 2009 Waters Concervation Area in Aceh 2012-2013 Mammals in Central Kalimantan
58
Orang Utan Habitat in Borneo
SHP
English
59
HCV Wild Life in Ketapang
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
Bahasa
SHP
English
SHP
Bahasa
60 61 62
Dipterocarpaceae, Migran Bird, Tiger 2011 in Lombok Mammals in Nusa Kambangan Elephant and Tiger in Kerinci Seblat National Park
Source Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International Fauna and Flora International
63
Tiger in West Sumatera
SHP
Bahasa
64
Sumatera Vision
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
65
Kalimantan Vision
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
66
Papua Vision
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
67
Sumatera IBA and KBA
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
68
Traditional Site_Merauke
SHP
English
WWF-Indonesia
69
Settlement_Asmat
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
70
Settlements_Mappi
SHP
Bahasa
WWF-Indonesia
71
Customary Land
SHP
Bahasa
72
Custom Community
SHP
Bahasa
73
Mangrove
SHP
Bahasa
BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial) BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial) BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial)
Date Received 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 22 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 26 November 2013 17 December 2013 17 December 2013 17 December 2013
A-3
A.2
Sumatra EC Data
No
Content
Data Format
Language
Province
Data Received
1
Lampiran Rancangan Qanun RTRW Aceh 2010-2030
PDF
Bahasa
Aceh
26/10/2013
2
Rancangan Qanun RTRW Aceh 2010-2030
PDF
Bahasa
Aceh
26/10/2013
3
RAD-GRK Babel 2012-2020
Doc, PDF
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
19/11/2013
4
RPJMD Babel 2012-2017
PDF
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
19/11/2013
5
Buku Data SLHD Babel 2012
DOC
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
19/11/2013
6
Buku Laporan SLHD Babel 2012
DOC
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
19/11/2013
7
Bab 3,4,5, Buku RTRW Bangka Belitung
DOC
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
26/11/2013
8
Bab 5 Buku SLHD Bangka Belitung
DOC
Bahasa
Bangka Belitung
26/11/2013
9
RPJMD Provinsi Bengkulu 20112015
PDF
Bahasa
Bengkulu
25/11/2013
10
RPJPD Provinsi Bengkulu 20052025
PDF
Bahasa
Bengkulu
25/11/2013
11
RAD-GRK Provinsi Bengkulu 20212020
PDF
Bahasa
Bengkulu
25/11/2013
12
RAD-GRK 2010-2020
PDF
Bahasa
Jambi
14/11/2013
13
RPJMD 2010-2015
PDF
Bahasa
Jambi
14/11/2013
14
RTRWP Jambi 2013-2033
PDF, JPEG
Bahasa
Jambi
14/11/2013
15
Materi Teknis RTRW Kepulauan Riau
PDF
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
16
RAD GRK 2012
PDF, DOC, XLS
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
17
RPJM 2010-2015
PDF
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
18
Laporan SLHD Kep. Riau 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
19
Buku Data SLHD Kep. Riau 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
20
SPM (Standar Pelayanan Minimal)
DOC
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
25/10/2013
21
Jaringan energi Kep. Riau
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
22
Masyarakat Asli
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
23
Blok Migas
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
24
Pertambangan (wup, wpn, wiup)
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
A-4
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Baseline Data Sources
No
Content
Data Format
Language
Province
Data Received
25
Sistem Perkotaan
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
26
Rawan Bencana (Longsor, Putting Beliung)
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
27
Sumber Daya Alam
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
28
Wilayah Strategis
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
29
Transportasi (Jalan, Bandara, Jembatan, Pelabuhan, Terminal)
SHP
Bahasa
Kepulauan Riau
31/10/2013
30
RPJMD Provinsi Lampung 20102014
DOC
Bahasa
Lampung
07/11/2013
31
Laporan SLHD Prov.Lampung 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Lampung
07/11/2013
32
Buku Data SLHD Prov.Lampung 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Lampung
07/11/2013
33
Buku Data SLHD Riau 2011
DOC
Bahasa
Riau
25/11/2013
34
Laporan SLHD Riau 2011
DOC
Bahasa
Riau
25/11/2013
35
Masterplan Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Riau 2009
DOC
Bahasa
Riau
12/11/2013
36
Rekomendasi Aksi (Riau)
XLS
Bahasa
Riau
12/11/2013
37
Peta Masterplan Gambut
JPEG
Bahasa
Riau
12/11/2013
38
Buku Data SLHD Prov.Sumatera Barat Tahun 2012
PDF, JPEG, DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Barat
25/10/2013
39
Laporan SLHD Prov.Sumatera Barat Tahun 2012
PDF, JPEG, DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Barat
25/10/2013
40
RAD-GRK Sumatera Barat
Doc
Bahasa
Sumatera Barat
19/11/2013
41
Hari I kynote speaker sumut
PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
18/10/2013
42
MP3EI dan KEK Sumatera Utara
PPT, DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
26/10/2013
43
Renstra Provinsi Sumatera Utara 2012-2032
DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
44
RJPD Provinsi Sumatera Utara 2005-2025
DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
45
Sumatera Utara Dalam Angka (2004, 2006, 2007-2013)
PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
46
Statistik Kesejahteraan Rakyat Prov.Sumatera Utara Tahun 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
31/10/2013
47
RAD GRK 2010-2020
PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
A-5
No
Content
Data Format
Language
Province
Data Received
48
RTRW Sumut 2013
DOC, JPEG
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
49
Daerah Dalam Angka (Kota/Kabupaten) Sumatera Utara
PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
50
Ranperda RTRW Sumut 2013
DOC, JPEG
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
51
Laporan SLHD Provinsi Sumatera Utara (2010-2012)
DOC, PDF, XLS
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
52
Buku Data SLHD Provinsi Sumatera Utara (2010-2012)
DOC, PDF
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
25/10/2013
53
Rancangan Akhir RPJMD Sumut 2013
DOC
Bahasa
Sumatera Utara
31/10/2013
54
Peluang Investasi Sektor ESDM Tahun 2011
PDF
Bahasa
Kementerian Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral
18/10/2013
55
BluePrint Pengembangan Energi Baru Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi
PPT
Bahasa
Kementerian Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral
25/10/2013
56
Buku Pintar Tahun 2012
PDF
Bahasa
Kementerian Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral
25/10/2013
57
Forest in Sumatera
shp
English
WWF
26/11/2013
58
tipe lahan gambut sumatera
shp
English
WWF
26/11/2013
59
Penutupan lahan sumatera
shp
Bahasa
WWF
26/11/2013
60
Jaringan ekosistem, kawasan ekosistem penting, kawasan pembangunan
shp
Bahasa
WWF
26/11/2013
61
Kawasan pegunungan dan daerah penting bagi burung
shp
Bahasa
WWF
26/11/2013
62
HPH Sumatera
shp
Bahasa
WWF
26/11/2013
63
Implementasi MP3EI
DOC
Bahasa
WWF
26/11/2013
A-6
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
APPENDI X B – MP3EI Plan nin g I nf ormat io n in Sumat ra Ec on om ic Corr idor
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Pre-Scoping Report / NOA / 2014-03
MP3EI Planning Information in Sumatra Economic Corridor
B
MP3EI Planning Information in Sumatra Economic Corridor
B.1
List of Economic Development Projects
No
Investment Value (IDR Billion)
Project Name
Developers
Starting Period
End Period
KPI
Main Economic Activities – Palm Oil 1
Industrial Area Development Project Sei Mangkei (KISMK)
51
SOE
2008
2010
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
2
Industrial Development of Palm Kernel Oil with capacity 400 ton/day
70
SOE
2009
2011
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
3
Development to increase Palm Kernel Shell from 30 ton/ hour to 75 ton/hour
109
SOE
2008
2010
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
4
NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) Factory (100.000 ton)
537
Private
2012
2015
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
5
Oleochemical Plant Development
2045
Private
2011
2014
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
6
Oleochemical Plant Development dan Pure Palm Oil (PPO)
3627
SOE
2013
2018
KPI Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra
7
Fame Fractionation Plant 1
234
Private
2011
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
8
Biodiesel Plant 4
154
Private
2011
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
9
Oleochemical Phase 2
378
Private
2011
2012
KPI Dumai, Riau
10
Palm Oil Storage Tanks
36
Private
2011
2012
KPI Dumai, Riau
11
Palm Kernel Plant Upgrade
27
Private
2011
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
12
Refinery Plan 1 & 2 Upgrade
21
Private
2011
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
13
Spenth Earth Extraction Plant
29
Private
2011
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
14
HSD Oil Storage Tanks
41
Private
2011
2012
KPI Dumai, Riau
15
Rock Glinding Plant
31
Private
2011
2012
KPI Dumai, Riau
16
The Basic Organic Chemical Industry that is sourced from Agricultural (Glycerine, Palm Fatty Acid Destilate, RBD Palm Oil, RBD Palm Olein, RBD Palm Stearin, Biodiesel) -> Basic Organic Chemical Industry that is sourced from Agricultural Products
666
Private
2010
17
Palm oil manufacturers, edible oil, vegetable and animal fats, and other organic basic chemicals derived from agricultural products and wholesale trade -> Palm Oil Manufacturers sourced from agricultural products
2597
Private
2010
KPI Dumai, Riau
2013
KPI Dumai, Riau
B-1
No
Investment Value (IDR Billion)
Project Name
Developers
Starting Period
End Period
KPI
and wholesale trade
18
Oil Palm plantations and vegetable crude oil industries (edible oil) at Kab. Musi Banyuasin
19
Oil Palm plantations and vegetable crude oil industries (edible oil) at Kab. Musi Banyuasin
20
Technopolitan development area at Pelalawan
Private
KPI Tanjung ApiApi - Tanjung Carat, South Sumatra
137
Private
KPI Tanjung ApiApi - Tanjung Carat, South Sumatra
46336
Mix
137
2012
2014
Main Economic Activities - Oil and Gas 1
Open Access development level 1 RU II Dumai
380
SOE
2
Fluidized Chatalitic Cracking Unit at Refinery Unit III Plaju to optimize refinery
1280
SOE
3
Revitalization and relocation of the oil pipeline Tempino-Plaju to improve the reliability of transportation of crude oil (267 km) Validation Pertamina: 265 km
-850
SOE
4
Construction of NGL Plant in South Sumatra, Prabumulih
1790
SOE
5
Construction of Pressurized LPG terminal 5,000 MT in Lampung Kap. 2 MTPA
6
Construction of FSRU in Lampung (Labuhan Maringgai)
200
929
KPI Dumai, Riau
SOE
KPI Bandar Lampung - East Lampung, Lampung
SOE
2014
KPI Bandar Lampung - East Lampung, Lampung
2015
KPI Tanjung ApiApi - Tanjung Carat, South Sumatra
2012
Main Economic Activities - Coal
1
Coal liquefaction of 1 million tons of liquid product/year
2
Cluster development project of NPK compound fertilizer (capacity of 1 million ton / yr)
2700
SOE
2012
2017
KPI Tanjung ApiApi - Tanjung Carat, South Sumatra
3
Coal mine (40 million tons per year)
6250
Private
2006
2039
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
B-2
12600
Private
2011
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Pre-Scoping Report / NOA / 2014-03
MP3EI Planning Information in Sumatra Economic Corridor
No
Project Name
Investment Value (IDR Billion)
Developers
Starting Period
End Period
KPI
4
Pendopo Coal Up Grading Capacity 5 million tons per year
9000
Private
2011
2019
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
5
Pendopo Coal Gasification, Coal to SNG
25000
Private
2012
2017
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
6
Pendopo Coal Gasification, Coal to Propylene
22000
Private
2011
2016
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
7
Coal Production Enhancement Project in Tanjung Enim in stages from 12 million tons/year to > 80 Million tons/year
5634
Private
2012
2019
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
8
Proyek Pendopo Integrated Industrial Park (PIIP) sebagai Special Economic Zones
4250
Private
2011
2017
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
9
Revitalization of fertilizer plant (construction of Pusri 2B plant) with the capacity of 2000 MTPD of ammonia and 2750 MTPD of urea -> Revitalization of fertilizer plant with capacity of 2000 MTPD of ammonia and 2750 MTPD of urea
6247
SOE
2008
2015
KPI Palembang, South Sumatra
Main Economic Activities - Steel 1
Steel Industry Development Project
50600
SOE Private
2011
2013
KPI Steel Cilegon, Banten
2
Revitalization Direct Reduction Plant
736
SOE
2008
2012
KPI Steel Cilegon, Banten
3
Construction of Blast Furnace Factory
5413
SOE
2010
2014
KPI Steel Cilegon, Banten
4
Industry for prefabricated steel materials for heavy construction buildings
619
Private
5
Basic Iron and Steel Industry
1170
Private
KPI Steel Cilegon, Banten
2009
2011
KPI Steel Cilegon, Banten
Main Economic Activities - Tourism
1
Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation (Forest Conservation, Wildlife, and Marine Nature Reserve; Ecotourism)
2000
Private
KPI Tanggamus, Lampung
2
Tourism development at Tanjung Lesung
73877
Private
KPI Tanjung Lesung, Banten
B-3
No
Investment Value (IDR Billion)
Project Name
Developers
Starting Period
End Period
KPI
2010
2016
KPI Muaraenim Pendopo, South Sumatra
2008
2010
KPI Padang, West Sumatra
2007
2021
KPI South Tapanuli, North Sumatra
2008
2010
KPI Padang, West Sumatra
Main Economic Activities - Timber
1
Industrial forest concessions and other wood panel industry
86
Private
Main Economic Activities - Shipping 1
Industrial rubber crumb (crumb rubber) in West Sumatra
252
Private
Main Economic Activities - Gold
1
Mining and Processing of Gold, Silver and others in South Tapanuli (Martabe Project)
7000
Private
Main Economic Activities - Rubber 1
Industrial rubber crumb (crumb rubber) in West Sumatra
252
Private
Main Economic Activities - Other sectors
1
Construction of concentrate plant and mining infrastructure of zinc and lead in Kabupaten Dairi
4500
Private
2013
2019
KPI Dairi, North Sumatra
2
Construction of BWD (Bucket Wheel Degree) Capacity 2200 ton/unit/year
450
SOE
2011
2014
KPI Bangka Barat, Bangka Belitung
3
Development of Industrial Estate West Bangka - Industrial Anchors: Chemical Tin
450
SOE
2011
2016
KPI Bangka Barat, Bangka Belitung
4
Technological improvements in the tin smelting process in Ummet Mentok
428
SOE
2011
2014
KPI Bangka Barat, Bangka Belitung
5
Renovation of Tin Ore Processing Center in Timah Mentok
18
SOE
2012
6
Modification of Ship Dredger Kundur 1 to Bucket Wheel Dredger Kundur 1
225
SOE
2011
KPI Bangka Barat, Bangka Belitung 2014
KPI Batam, Kepulauan Riau
*) SOE = State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN)
B-4
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Pre-Scoping Report / NOA / 2014-03
MP3EI Planning Information in Sumatra Economic Corridor
B.2
List of Main Planned Infrastructure Projects
No
Main Planned Infrastructures
Developers
Description
1
Kuala Namu Airport
PT. Angkasa Pura II and Ministry of Transportation
International Hub Airport Operated in 2013
2
Kuala Tanjung Bridge
PT. Pelindo I and Ministry of Transportation
International Hub Port
3
Steam Powerplant in Asahan
PT. PLN
Capacity 2 x 87 MW
4
Steam Powerplant in Dumai
PT. PLN
Capacity 2 x 150 MW
5
Steam Powerplant in South Sumatra 5
PT. DSSP Power South Sumatra
Capacity 2 x 150 MW
6
Steam Powerplant in South Sumatra 6
PT. DH Energy
Capacity 2 x 300 MW
7
Steam Powerplant in South Sumatra 8
PT. Bukit Asam
Capacity 2 x 600 MW
8
High Grade Highway
BPJT – Ministry of Public Works
Length 1.670 km
9
Palapa Ring
Ministry of Communication and Information
Construction and Rehabilitation
10
Tanjung Enim – Lampung Railway
PT. BATR
Length 330 km
11
Selat Sunda Bridge
Mix
Plan for 2014
B-5
B.3
List of KPI and Its Allocation for Economic Activities
No
Investment Focus Area
Economic Activities
Investors
Supporting infrastructure
1
KPI Sei Mangkei
Palm Oil
SOE, Combined
Port, Railway, Road, Energy, Natural Resources
2
KPI Tapanuli Selatan
Other sector
Private
Energy
3
KPI Dairi
Other sector
Private
Port
4
KPI Dumai
Palm Oil, Oil & gas
SOE, Private
Port, Road, Energy, Natural Resources
5
KPI Tanjung Api-ApiTanjung Carat
Coal, Palm Oil
SOE, Private
Port, Road, Energy, Natural Resources
6
KPI Muara Enim-Pendopo
Coal, Palm Oil
SOE, Private
Train, Road, Energy
7
KPI Palembang
Coal, Oil & gas
SOE
Airport, Port, Road, Energy, Natural Resources
8
KPI Bangka Barat
Other sector
SOE
Port and road
9
KPI Batam
Other sector
SOE
Port
10
KPI Tanggamus
Shipping
Private
Road and Energy
11
KPI Cilegon (Iron-steel)
Iron-Steel
SOE, Private, Combined
Port and Road
12
KPI Tanjung Lesung
Tourism
Private
Airport and road
13
KPI Padang
Rubber
Private
Port, Train, Energy
14
KPI Bandar LampungLampung Timur
Oil & Gas, Palm Oil
SOE
Airport, Road, Energy, Natural Resources
15
KSN Selat Sunda
KSN Selat Sunda
Combined
Road
16
National
Combination
17
Others
Private
Airport, Port, Train, Road, Energy, Natural Resources Private
Airport, Port, Train, Energy, Natural Resources
Source : Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, 2014
B-6
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Pre-Scoping Report / NOA / 2014-03
APPENDI X C–Sco pin g Mat rix
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) Pre-Scoping Report / NOA / 2014-03
Scoping Matrix
C
Scoping Matrix
C.1
Agroindustry: Palm Oil, Rubber and Timber (Include Plantation, Milling, Refinery and Distribution)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality
Water
Increased pollution and discharges into watersheds through various activities from palm oil and timber plantations (for example, sediment runoff from forest clearing, pesticides and fertilizers from oil palm plantation, release of carbon from peat removal) The upstream plantations and existing urban areas around the watershed add to the cumulative impacts to the water pollution
(-)
(-)
(-)
No
The potential KPIs, KPI projects, and oil palm concessions will have additional increases in related wastewater discharges in this watershed to riverine water and coastal waters
KPI Prabumulih and KPI Muara Enim have minor issues regarding the watershed pollution
KPI Tanjung Api-Api has potential risks of secondary water quality impact on the coastal mangrove ecosystem
KPI Dumai has more cumulative impacts towards the watershed pollution compare to the other KPIs
KPI Sei Mangkei has some minor issues
The oil palm plantation at the west coast
C-1
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Aceh (Aceh barat daya and nagan raya), West Sumatra (Pasaman Barat) have potential cumulative watershed impacts towards the coastal water pollution and coastal habitats
Increased demand for irrigation of oil palm plantations creates pressure on available water resources. Plantation developments will compete with conventional crop farming for water resources.
(-)
(-)
(-)
No
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Watershed impacts need to be elaborated
Water shortage risks need to be investigated
Throughout all areas where agroforestry business is expanding
Emissions of GHG are major contributor to the GHG of Indonesia. Development of new plantations needs to be offset by effective mitigation measures, otherwise it will have conflicts with the national CC related policy
To a lesser extent, the impacts from timber development is not as big as palm oil development but has similar risks in water quality (resources) Increased agroforestry business throughout Sumatra will have the possibility of increasing slash and burn and forest fires throughout the island
Air and Climate
The haze from peat fires has direct health impacts on the local communities and has led to transboundary air pollution issues (Singapore, Malaysia) GHG emission from the conversion of virgin land (forests, especially peat lands) to oil palm plantations Lesser extent on air quality issues from timber and rubber development
C-2
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Land uptake by oil palm plantation. Land use conflicts between oil palm concession and mining concession areas due to poor planning coordination
(-)
(-)
Sea water intrusion (land subsidence on peat-land areas in coastal zone)
(-)
(-)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Multiple conflicts locations between oil palm plantations (and mining) concession areas with conservation areas, need to be verified further
KPI Pelalawan,
KPI Bengkalis, islands around KPI Dumai, Indragiri Hilir (possible)
KPI Bengkalis, islands around KPI Dumai, Indragiri Hilir
Multiple locations, need to be verified further
Multiple locations, need to be verified further
Massive areas where agroforestry plans intersect with peat and forested areas
Location are widespread throughout Sumatra
Intersection data among forest, peat and oil palm concession
KPI Tanjung Api-api, potential risk of secondary water quality impact on the coastal mangrove ecosystem
Verify the coconut/palm oil plantation
(-)
Land and Soil
Land subsidence (peat lands converted for oil palm plantations) increases flooding risks
(-)
Soil degradation (pollution, erosion) due to intensive monoculture plantation techniques
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Further Verification Required
Yes
Yes
Ecosystems Forest conversion (large-scale deforestation from palm oil, rubber and timber development) Forests and others
Coastal Areas
Wide scale deforestation clearly will occur if oil palm concessions are fully/partially utilised. This presents significant risks to forest habitats. Direct footprint from oil palm plantation on conversion of mangrove forests (sedimentation), existing peat (acidic water drainage), runoff of
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
C-3
KPI Palalawan (Indragiri Hilir) has some potential direct impacts from agroforestry towards the mangrove ecosystems
Aceh Singkil and Tapanuli Tengah has potential direct negative impacts on the coral destruction
If the potential KPI in Padang is in agroforestry, then there could be potential impacts on the coral reef habitats offshore
Secondary impact from water quality deterioration and impacts in coastal areas
KPI Palalawan (Indragiri Hilir) has possible secondary water pollution impact
Wide scale deforestation in essential terrestrial biodiversity habitats leading to habitat destruction and fragmentation, with direct impact on endangered species (for example, important tiger areas, orangutan areas, and migratory bird areas)
Further analysis and cross analysis needed to identify the key areas
Multiple conflicts arise from the agroforestry concession plans within the protected areas and endangered species habitats
Secondary impacts to coastal biodiversity from the runoff pollution, fertilizers and pesticides
C-4
Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
sedimentation and additional nutrients will lead to the destruction of coral reefs habitat
Biodiversity
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Massive
Multiple
Identify every conflict between conservation areas and agroforestry
Further analysis and cross analysis are needed to identify the key areas
Identify every conflicts between conservation areas and agroforestry
Further analysis and cross analysis are needed to identify the key areas
Further Verification Required
at the coastal area of Aceh
Yes
Yes
Yes
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Socioeconomic Aspects Secondary impacts from water quality pollution and haze from forest fires Human Health Disease
Poverty
Livelihood
Unemployment
Potential risk of social and political conflicts with traditional livelihood of rural communities, (subsistence farmers, partially dependent of forest resources and so on)
(-)
Areas with strategic health impacts related to water quality pollution and haze from forest fires.
North Sumatra has high malaria cases
Need to cross reference in relation to agroforestry, mining and heavy industries
Aceh has a very high open unemployment rate (6.2 -7.7%)
Kampar and Jambi (Sorolangun- Kab. Muara Bulian and Kab. Tebo), potential conflicts of agroforestry with indigenous communities
North Sumatra (Ka.b Langkat)
Aceh Jaya and Aceh Besar, potential customary land conflicts and political conflicts
Need to do more detailed cross references towards the livelihood activities (for example, fishermen and oil palm famers at the coastal areas)
(-)
C-5
C.2
Mining: Coal, Oil & Gas, Gold, Silver, Zinc, Lead and Tin
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality Polluted waste water runoff from the coal mining that contain toxic heavy metal pollutants from tailings (for example, sediments, acid leaching and so on)
Water
Definite cumulative impacts in association with other activities from mining concessions. Additional heavy industries and related water discharges can lead to cumulative non-compliances with water quality guidelines standard (heavy metal discharge from metal processing has impacts on surface water).
?
KPI Muara Enim with coal mining
Only one MP3EI project stated in the document, however the potential KPI suggests that there may be more projects related to mining. If that is the case, there will possibly be more cumulative effects from the mining processes.
Jambi has enormous coal mining concession plans
KPI Muara Enim with coal mining
Only one MP3EI project stated in the document. However, the potential KPI suggests that there may be more projects related to mining. If that is the case, there will possibly be more cumulative effects of mining processes.
Jambi has enormous coal mining
(-)
Region-wide risks from the breach of tailing ponds particularly from coal processing to the watershed (-)
(-)
Additional risk of accumulative water quality impact due to tin mining
C-6
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
concession plans
Air and Climate
Air pollution resulting from mining and raw material handling operations – particularly dust particles. During potential clustering with other existing mining activities, the produced emissions can cause impacts to regional air quality
(-)
Risk of soil contamination (for example, leaching) and degradation of land resources due to improper management of mining activities Land and Soil
(-)
Bangka Belitung with tin mining
The risks exist in places where mining occurs (existing and future mining areas).
The risks exist in places where mining occurs (existing and future mining areas)
Possible planning conflicts between the planned mining concession areas and the forest conservation areas (Musibanyuasin, Muara Enim)
Lampung bay has several concession areas in coastal regions that could lead to coastal degradation, if mining is not properly managed. Several coral reef habitats could be impacted from the mining. Strategic mining issue could occur
The ex-post management of mining sites (reclamation) is not consistently applied on a regular basis Ecosystems
Forests and others
Coastal Areas
Fragmentation from the road construction for mining and the mine footprints itself
Possible cumulative impacts from the coal mining concession on the coastal areas
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
C-7
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
if it happens offshore.
Possible cumulative impacts from sand mining concession (for example, sediment plumes) to coral habitats
?
The widespread concession areas in Bangka Barat KPI and Belitung illustrate clear strategic risks to mangrove, coral and other coastal habitats
Muko-Muko mining concession plan may pose a direct impact on the coral habitat in the area.
Batam and Bintan are the potential sand mining concession areas. Potential international water trans-boundary issue with the neighbouring countries (Malaysia, Singapore).
(-)
Potential cumulative impacts from oil & gas and offshore mining towards the coastal habitats
Biodiversity
(-)
(-)
Combine oil & gas and offshore mining activities would lead to cumulative water pollution impacts that could affect the mangrove habitats at North Sumatra, Aceh
Multiple areas where mining concession areas (mineral, oil & gas) intersect with conservation areas (where protected and endangered species are located)
Further analysis should investigate where the areas are located
Loss of habitat due to fragmentation from road opening and the footprint itself
Socioeconomic Aspects
C-8
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Secondary impacts from water quality pollution on the watershed
(-)
Human Health Disease
Poverty
Livelihood
Employment opportunities can contribute to the alleviation of poverty
Potentially large risk of conflicts with traditional livelihood of rural communities (subsistence farmers, partially dependent of forest resources and so on)
?
(+)?
(-)
(-)
Climate Change Related
(-)
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Areas with strategic health impacts related to water quality pollution from mining activities
North Sumatra has high malaria cases
Need to cross reference in relation to agroforestry, mining, heavy industries
Aceh has a very high open unemployment rate (6.2 -7.7%)
Extra pressure on services (water, sanitation, health, education)
Kampar and Jambi (Sorolangun- Kab. Muara Bulian and Kab. Tebo), potential conflicts of agroforestry with indigenous communities
North Sumatra (Kab. Langkat)
Aceh Jaya and Aceh Besar, potential customary land conflicts and political conflicts
Need for more detailed cross referencing towards the livelihood activities (for example, fishermen and oil palm famers at the coastal areas)
Dispute over the land-use of customary land Political conflicts
Further Verification Required
C-9
C.3
Heavy Industries: Coal (processing), Palm Oil (processing) Shipping (Ship Building and Repair), Oil & Gas, Steels Industry (Smelting and Processing) and Bucket Wheel Dredgers (Construction)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality
Water
C-10
High production of wastewater from heavy industry activities that often contain toxic pollutants (heavy metals, oil residues, acid leaching). Definite cumulative impacts in association with other activities such as oil palm and mining concessions. Additional heavy industries and the related water discharges can lead to cumulative non-compliances with water quality guidelines standards (Nutrient discharges from palm oil processing impact surface water).
(-)
(-)
As the KPI suggests a strong move of industrialisation, there is the likelihood of increased wastewater discharges to the water system. Besides, the increase in heavy industries also likely to have high impacts of water quality pollution to the watershed.
Increase of tin mining-related industries in Bangka will increase their wastewater discharge that could lead to deterioration of water quality in the coastal area
Given that the KPI focusses on the economic growth of the mining industries, there are risks associated with unplanned development of heavy mining industries (for example, KPI Dairi)
KPI Tapanuli Selatan will probably have processing units for gold and silver
(-)
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Lampung Bay has potential cumulative impacts from existing and planned potential activities
Air quality concerns for Lampung KPI, Palembang KPI pose a strategic due to increase industrial growth
Land and soil are not strategic issues and will be dealt with at the project level
Will be dealt with at project level
KPI Bangka and Lampung Bay (coral habitat degradation)
KPI Bangka and Lampung Bay (coral habitat degradation)
Discharge of cooling water from the industry
Air and Climate
Risk of cumulative air quality impacts on local communities from the combined activities of heavy industries and traffic related to industrial activities as well as the high emissions of dangerous pollutants relevant to both the local and regional contexts such as SO2, NOx and so on.
Land and Soil
Uncontrolled industrial landfills, in principle can lead to potential wide scale impacts to groundwater and soil contamination. However, it can be managed at the project level.
(-)
0
0
(-)
0
Further Verification Required
Ecosystems Forests and others
Coastal Areas
Deforestation is not a very big strategic issue for heavy industries – it is a project level issue
0
0
Impact on coastal areas through integrated industrial development around ports and coastal areas (transport of raw materials, production, disposal of wastes and so on)
(-)
Secondary impact from cumulative water quality degradation from heavy industries into the coral reef and seagrass habitats
(-)
0
C-11
Biodiversity
Possible risks of contamination of the terrestrial and coastal ecosystems (including protected species areas) through emissions of air, soil and water pollutants
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Lampung Bay, coral species degradation
Bangka Barat KPI, secondary water quality impact related to heavy industries towards coral and mangrove habitats
Dumai KPI, potential planning conflicts between the planned KPIs in these area with the conservation areas for protected species (birds and tiger)
Lampung and southern Jambi
It will be considered under project level instead of strategic issue
Further analysis needed on types of existing livelihood on a regional level
Various conflicts with recreational and cultural areas. Further verification needed.
The issue should be addressed at the strategic level (provincial ?)
(-)
Secondary and tertiary impacts on the same locations
Further Verification Required
Socioeconomic Aspects Human Health
Cumulative health impacts related to water and air pollution from the heavy industries
Poverty
Employment opportunities can contribute to the alleviation of poverty
Livelihood
Possible loss of livelihood for certain communities (for example, agriculture, tourism and so on) in the vicinity of industrial sites
Increased migration of workforce, both skilled and non-skilled
C-12
(-)
0
0
(+/-)?
0
(-)?
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
C.4
Sunda Straits National Strategic Area
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality
Localised water quality impacts due to increased industrial land use that lead to increased discharges to both marine and fresh water
(-)
(-)
Increased urbanisation and regional population lead to potential for uncontrolled domestic waste discharges into rivers and other water bodies
(-)
(-)
Water quality is an existing concern within the KSN Sunda Strait area. Developments related to the Spatial Plan will impact water quality through a number of cumulative pathways, including increased sewage and waste, increased industrial discharge and stormwater run-off
KSN Sunda Strait
Predominantly in Banten Bay area, and also Bandar Lampung
Water
Air and Climate
Land and Soil
Increased industrial land use and associated transportation for industrial growth leading to increased atmospheric emissions (traffic emissions, land clearing, waste burning, and industrial emissions)
(-)
(-)
(-)
Increased potential for conversion of agriculture and production forest areas to settlements
(-)
Lampung
Increased environmental stresses from polluting economic activities (such as industry, agriculture, and so on) leading to decreases in soil quality
(-)
Banten, Cilegon , and Lampung
C-13
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Ecosystems
Forests and others
Coastal Areas
Biodiversity
C-14
Bridge footprint at P. Sangiang,
Transmission lines and utility corridors in Lampung
West Lampung, East Lampung, P. Sangiang,
(-)
Lampung Bay and Banten Bay area
Damage to coastal habitats (for example, corals, seagrass, mangroves) due to increased sedimentation and wastewater discharges from industrial areas
(-)
Sunda Strait and Banten Bay
Both infrastructure development and land use change are documented to cause direct impacts through removal of habitat, deterioration of
(-)
Areas of high biodiversity value exist within the KSN area, especially along the east and west coast of Lampung
Direct conflict with a number of conservation areas (industrial area planned adjacent to marine conservation area, tourism planned within conservation areas and so on)
(-)
(-)
Roads and associated development leading to habitat loss, and cutting through valuable undesignated habitats, leading to fragmentation and conflict with conservation intention (high value conservation species including elephant, tiger and rhinoceros)
(-)
(-)
Increased roadway access to previously poorly accessible areas, leading to increased opportunity and likelihood of illegal forestry, poaching, and forest conversion
(-)
Increase in coastal morphological changes (erosion and accretion) related to land conversion from mangrove forests to settlement areas
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
environmental quality, and disturbance (noise, visual and so on)
Increased environmental stresses from polluting economic activities (such as industry, agriculture, and so on) leading to decreased air/water/soil quality, resulting in decreasing biodiversity
(-)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Key species present in the KSN include a number of highly endangered species such as Sumatran tigers, rhinoceros, elephant, sea turtles and whale sharks
Banten Bay, Cilegon and East Lampung, South Lampung
Further Verification Required
Socioeconomic Aspects Potential for spread of disease and pathogens through increased access and mixing of previously separated populations
(-)
KSN Sunda Strait
Emissions associated with road and utility corridors will increase potential health complications in localised populations (increased respiratory stress, cardiac stress, mental stress and so on)
(-)
Banten and Lampung
?
Along coastline in Sunda Strait
(-)
Lampung
Human Health Safety of public due to increased traffic and population density in hazardous areas(volcano, tsunami risk areas, tectonic activity)
Current waste management facilities in the KSN are unable to cope with existing levels of waste production. The amount of additional waste
C-15
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
expected as a result of the additional activities is significant. Net decrease in land available for agriculture and plantation through conversion to industrial use.
Poverty
Livelihood
Positive benefits such as higher employment rate and income, increased agricultural production and improved techniques, poverty alleviation, and benefits to women from improved access to markets. However, negative impacts such as labour shortages, insufficient compensation for losses of agricultural and forest land and lack of opportunities for small holders to benefit may also occur. Immigration can result in positive impacts for some groups in the community. However, significant negative impacts include reduction in employment opportunities for local people (fishermen, ferry operators, among others), overwhelmed existing social and economic infrastructure, increases in the cost of goods, social disharmony and conflict and increased risk of introduced diseases.
Banten Bay and Lampung Bay
(+)/(-)
KSN Sunda Strait
(+)/(-)
KSN Sunda Strait
Possible economic impact and conflicts between migrants and existing livelihoods from the increased migration between Sumatra and Java that effects the local cultural dynamics and traditional economic activities
C-16
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Presence of area allocated predominantly for tourism may conflict with other coastal zone users (such as fisheries and other livelihoods) and possible economic losses due to interruption of the locals’ livelihoods (fishermen, ferry operators and so on)
(-)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Banten Bay, Lampung Bay, East Lampung, and Tanjung Lesung
C-17
Connectivity – Energy, Roads and Railways
C.5
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality
Water
Discharge of cooling water and hot water from the power plant, chemical dosing with antifouling (chlorine, iron, nickel) to kill the unwanted organisms
Air and Climate
Decreased air quality from power plants development and ports development
Land and Soil
Loss of land from the road, railway and transmission line construction
Medan, cumulative impacts from port development and activities along the coast, especially related to provincial plans (ballast water discharge from ships)
Langkat and Anyer, Karimun, Bengkalis
The dense heavy industries and urban development in Lampung and Palembang KPI will increase air pollution
Medan, cumulative impacts from port development and activities along the coast especially related to provincial plans (discharge from ships)
Palembang-Bengkulu, Pekanbaru-Padang, improvement in the road construction plan when passing through the protected forest area.
(-)
0 Ecosystems
Forest and Others
C-18
Multiple deforestation/forest fragmentation due to the construction of a new power plant, road, railway and transmission line that cut through the forest areas. However, it seems that the planning authorities have tried their best to avoid the
(-)
(-)
(-)
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
conservation areas.
Increased roadway access to formerly inaccessible areas leading to increased opportunity and likelihood of illegal logging (forestry activities)
Coastal Areas
Impacts to coastal degradation from ports development and power plants planned adjacent to coastal areas (mangrove and coral habitats).
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Railway construction through the conservation area of endangered species (tiger, orang-utan, birds and so on) at the western coastline of Sumatra (Padang Sidempuan, Aceh)
Further analysis is needed. Additional GIS extraction is needed to identify key impacted areas.
Further analysis is needed. Additional GIS extraction needed to identify key impacted areas.
Railway construction through the conservation area of endangered species (tiger, orang-utan, birds and so on) along the western coastline of Sumatra (Padang Sidempuan, Aceh)
Palembang-Bengkulu, Pekanbaru-Padang, improvement in the road construction plan when passing through the protected forest area.
Railway construction through the conservation area of endangered species (tiger, orang-utan, birds and so on) at the western coastline of Sumatra (Padang Sidempuan, Aceh)
(-)
Upgraded roadways along the coastal areas will contribute to disturbance to coastal ecosystems Impacts to coastal biodiversity where port developments are planned in/adjacent to coral/ mangrove-sensitive areas Biodiversity
Knock-on strategic impacts to protected (terrestrial) species due to interaction of habitat corridors/fragmentation with wide scale impacts in correlation to endangered and protected species
Further Verification Required
C-19
Increased roadway access to formerly inaccessible areas leading to increased opportunity and likelihood of illegal poaching
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further analysis is needed. Additional GIS extraction needed to identify key impacted areas.
Palembang-Bengkulu, Pekanbaru-Padang, improvement in the road construction plan when passing through the protected forest area
Railway construction through the conservation area of endangered species (tiger, orang-utan, birds and so on) at the western coastline of Sumatra (Padang Sidempuan, Aceh)
Further analysis is needed. Additional GIS extraction needed to identify key impacted areas.
Such impact will likely to be cumulative especially in areas where development takes place
Further Verification Required
Socioeconomic Aspects
Human Health
Cumulative health impacts related to air and noise pollution from the transport systems
(-)
Poverty
Employment opportunities can contribute to the alleviation of poverty
It will be considered under the project level instead of strategic issue
Livelihood
Social conflicts with the indigenous people where
Further analysis is needed. Additional GIS
C-20
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
planned roadways/infrastructure take up their customary lands or provide access to the formerly inaccessible areas with high cultural conservation value heritage
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
extraction needed to identify key impacted areas.
C-21
C.6
Others (Tourism)
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Environmental Quality
Increased wide scale pressure on drinking water (resources) infrastructure
(-)
(-)
?
(-)
MP3EI doesn’t consider proper and sufficient budget/planning for the drinking water provision facilities
Projection of the number of tourists in the future would be required to allow some calculations on water demand/availability
Estimation of wastewater from the lodging industries (hotels)
Water
Air and Climate
Land and Soil
C-22
Insufficient wastewater treatment
(-)
(-)
?
(-)
Further analysis needs to be done to identify if there is sufficient water infrastructure planned in the EC
Noise from tourism activities as potential issues in the localised/project level
0
0
0
0
Not strategic level
No
(-)
?
(-)
Potential of secondary issues of soil pollution at the project level (project level disturbance on recreational facilities) and potential of increased groundwater in some areas (but not at a strategic level)
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Scoping Matrix
Climate Change Related
Potential Planning Conflicts
Potential Issues of Concern
Cumulative
Sustainability Receptors
Wide Scale
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Further Verification Required
Ecosystems Forests and Others
Potential localised impacts. Tourism contributes only small footprints in the deforestation issues
Coastal Areas
Strategic impacts on costal ecosystems (coastal degradation on corals, mangroves, seagrass)
Biodiversity
Secondary impacts from coastal and marine degradation could have cumulative wide scale impacts on the protected biodiversity in EC (sea turtles, migratory bird species along the coast, coral species) and primary impacts from physical disturbances
No
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
(-)
?
?
Tourism activities should be zoned properly so it does not conflict with the areas for protected species
Drivers of coastal degradation: hotels/coastal development, secondary impacts from increased wastewater and storm water; impacts from related river system management changes and physical disturbances and other associated cumulative impacts
Localised impacts in the short term and other areas in EC in the long term
Missed opportunity in MP3EI to protect more terrestrial habitat and not conserving/protecting more of it
The impact is potentially wide scale as there is no known plan to increase health services
Further analysis on actual percentage of the HIV/AIDS cases
(-)
(-)
No
Socioeconomic Aspects
Human Health
Secondary impacts from tourism migration leading to the possibility of disease vectors (TB, AIDS)
(-)
(-)
?
?
C-23
Sustainability Receptors
Potential Issues of Concern
Wide Scale
Cumulative
Potential Planning Conflicts
Climate Change Related
Strategic Risk/Opportunities Categories
Poverty
Potential wide scale poverty reduction from tourism activities
(+)
(+)
?
No
Livelihood
Potential impacts on conflicts with the local culture in the community
(-)
(-)
?
No
Further Explanation and Likely Locations of Strategic Issue
Potential recommendation to zone the tourism areas outside the important areas for local community
Potential recommendation to zone the tourism areas outside the important areas for local community
Further Verification Required
Ranking Symbols (-) Risk of negative environmental or social strategic issue apparent as a result of MP3EI Economic Corridor implementation (+) Possibility of positive environmental and social sustainability results due to MP3EI Economic Corridor implementation 0 No evident strategic issue (impacts may still be related, but can be addressed at EIA stage) Further definitions of Sustainability Receptors Land and Soil- refers to the degradation of land or soils through various vectors Forests and others – refers to forest or any other important terrestrial habitat (e.g. wetlands, prairie, etc.) Coastal areas – refers to estuaries, coral reef, mangroves, seagrass and other important coast habitat Health – Impact to overall health status and access to health services. This also includes risks to health from natural disasters. Livelihood – can include any aspect related to a persons’ livelihood, such as • • • • •
C-24
Employment threats/opportunities- and/or poverty reductions Social harmony/conflicts Access to education Access to clean water and sanitation Mobility
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
APPENDI X D – St akeh o lder C onsu lt at ion Meet in g
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
D
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
D.1
List of Delegates
D-1
D-2
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
D-3
D.2
Minutes of Meeting MP3EI SEA Minutes of Meeting Meeting: SEA MP3EI Scoping Workshop for Economic Corridor (Sumatra EC) Attendees: As attached
Date: 13-14 March 2014 Venue: Santika Dryanda Hotel, Medan
Issues Day 1, 13 March 2014 1. Introduction Opening speech from KP3EI Connectivity Working Group Bappenas Opening speech from PIC Sumatra Economic Corridor Round Introductions of participants Objectives of the workshop 2. Review of General and MP3EI SEA Processes 3. SEA Scoping Principles and Methods Purpose Common Approaches and Limitations Scoping Examples MP3EI Approach 4. Hands-on Scoping Exercise Definition of Strategic Issues Application of Scoping Matrix Example of how to use GIS Database Execution of hands-on scoping MP3EI Cases 5. Review of Baseline Information and Autonomous Planning 6. Presentation of Findings Approach to Expert Scoping Illustration of EC SEA Scoping findings Discussions and Q-A session 7. Wrap up/Closing
Action/Remarks As attached in presentation
Questions and Feedback General Feedbacks Government – Bappeda Sumatra Selatan, Yohannes o Has Bappenas coordinate with MOHA (Bangda), MoE (KLH), Geospatial Information Agency (Bakosurtanal BIG) to prepare this SEA work? o What is the scale that has been used to determine the impacts and what are the mitigation steps? o How true is the data that is presented in this workshop? Has the data been checked to ensure that there is no manipulation here? o Will this SEA workshop ensure the involvement of all stakeholders including the lower level stakeholders and ensure the transparency of the outcome? o Conflict of interest. Example 1, the railway project in Sumatra, the regional governments have worked hard to push for the railway proposal to bring economic development to the rural areas, but this railway cut through the protected forest regions. If we have to stop the project because of the protected forest issue, the loss of economic development may be bigger than the loss of forest area. Example 2, coal mining. The entire Sumatra has many good coal deposit sites. If we do not use the coals for economic development
D-4
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
Issues
Action/Remarks we will not be able to develop the region. The question is How to implement the ideas of SEA to be acceptable at the regional level? o How far will our inputs and recommendations be able to influence the MP3EI decision? Will the conflicting projects be cancelled if the recommendation stated that there are negative impacts? o Will the results of this ex-post SEA be effective? The strategic issues that are being analysed will definitely be different between a parallel SEA and an ex-post SEA. Government – KLH, Ardina o Advise to use SEA guideline set by KLH as a reference and to include the carrying capacity in the analysis o Advise to be more specific in the analysis and recommendation for each region NGO – WWF, Dede o The governor of entire Sumatra has signed the Presidential Decree Perpres No 13 year 2012 about Sumatra Spatial Plan that include the Ecosistem Corridor and the requirement of SEA in the process o Supposingly the spatial plan (RTRW) of each provinces should be used to support the SEA analysis, but until now many provinces has not completed their regional spatial plan yet Government – Bappeda Bengkulu o These MP3EI projects might cause some changes to the environment, therefore through this SEA we are trying to ensure the sustainable development. Yet, how far will the SEA recommendations be effective. University – Universitas Sriwijaya, Zaidan o Why MP3EI set the oil palm and rubber plantation as the main economic activities in Sumatra? While the infrastructure development in Sumatra is still weak, there are still insufficient power plants to support urban growth NGO – Conservation International, Monang o Whose guideline does this SEA follow? Bappenas, KLH, MOHA or someone else? Has it followed the environmental protection and management guideline stated in Law UU No 32 year 2009?
Hotspot: Lampung Bay University – Universitas Lampung, Slamet Budi Yuwono o The Lampung Bay is already crowded and with the addition of MP3EI projects to build railway from Muara Enim to Lampung Bay, East Highway and Geothermal Power Plant, will it still be sustainable? o East coast of Lampung, there is a nationally approved plan for sand mining. This area has large sand potential due to the sedimentation from three major rivers that bring the upstream erosion to the coastal area. The sedimentation process has reached up to 15 meter height. o Besides in East coast of Lampung, there is also oil and gas mining, cement industries, construction of steam power plant (conflicts still occur in Sebarang construction site) and others. o Agroindustry. F&B industries are mainly located in Way Putih region (Central Lampung). They discharge their waste to East Coast of Lampung. o Coal mining in Mesuji. Most of the coals are located in the wetland area and it will have a huge impact on the environment when the exploitation and land conversion started. As the national government has already distributed the mining concession to investors. If it is not handled properly, massive environment degradation will occur.
D-5
Issues Government – BPLHD Provinsi Lampung, Arief Sembada o Lampung Bay is already a centre of industrialisation. The data of 30% protected forest is not correct – currently only three out of the 34 forests are left in this area. o The double track, the railway and the Sunda Strait Bridge are some brilliant projects by the government and they are crucial for the development of Sumatra. o There is an issue with the construction of a power plant here because it is located in the protected forest area o Coastal sand mining exploration, the permit hasn’t been issued by us because their sustainability development plan is not qualified yet. University – Aceh UnSyiah, Muyassir o Please provide all the MP3EI projects for each provinces so that we can make a better analysis of its impact to the environment, socioeconomic and physiochemical aspects Government – KLH, Ardina Purbo o Please provide the information of all the KPIs and its activities. o The baseline information here is still very basic. Please add more information about what has been going on at the area, so that we can give a better input. Hotspot: Cilegon and Banten Bay University – Universitas Andalas, Ardinis Arbain o Please add in the analysis and baseline information of groundwater, as the excessive extraction of groundwater resources has caused land subsidence in several places in Indonesia. University – Universitas Sriwijaya, Zaidan and Aceh UnSyiah, Muyassir o This is an SEA session and not an EIA session, the issue that we are talking here should be more focussed on the environmental issues related to corridor development and policy, and not project basis. University – Universitas Andalas, Ardinis Arbain o Prior to MP3EI, there is a stage to formulate the six main economic activities in Sumatra (for example, oil palm, coal and so on). It is known as the ‘Road Map Sumatra’ that have been signed by all 10 Sumatra provinces and it should be used as an important comparative document to MP3EI. It was then followed by the Presidential decree that stated the spatial planning of Sumatra must consider ecosystem-based development. Apart from that, WWF has also prepared a report called Zona RIMBA (Riau, Jambi, SumBar) which has considered the railway construction to avoid the protected forest area. The Presidential Decree No 13 year 2013 has stated that development in Sumatra must be ecosystembased, but MP3EI forget to take it into consideration, there lies the problems that need to be bridged here. o Will the recommendations that we give here be able to change the six main economic activities in Sumatra? Because until now the national government has been pushing the idea for Sumatra to implement palm oil as the main economic activity. Yet it has not been fully accepted by us, due to many problems that have arisen from oil palm plantation, especially when the focus is still on horizontal expansion (exploration of new land) and not vertical expansion (intensification of value-added products). Isn’t that an unfair development strategy? Sumatra and Kalimantan have been allocated to exploit its natural resources. Meanwhile Jawa is allocated to develop the communication technology and infrastructure. But since this is the decision from national government, let’s do our best to green the
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Action/Remarks BPLHD Prov Lampung - Willing to share data to ensure the accuracy of information presented in the SEA report.
Universitas Andalas - The Road Map Sumatra document can be obtained from Bappenas - The Zona RIMBA document can be obtained from WWF
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
Issues
Action/Remarks MP3EI. Government – KLH, Ardina Purbo o Indonesia has an international commitment to reduce the GHG emissions to 26%, but with these MP3EI activities planned, instead of reducing the emission, it will cause the increase if not properly mitigated. o Please structure the matrix to include all the KPIs of each corridor so that it will be easier to analyse the impacts and decide the mitigation actions. This is the example:
NGO – WWF, Dede Suhendra o The law UU No 32 year 2009 about SEA and PerMen no 92 year 2011 about the guideline for SEA should be used here. o Will our results of discussion today be recognised by Bappenas to decide if changes are needed to those projects that are not suitable to sustainable development? o From the map of industrial development in the coastal area here, it seems that they have no longer obeyed the GreenBelt regulation, which stated that no development is allowed within 200 m from the low tide region. o Mining. In the Mining Law/UU Minerba, it is stated that all mining concessions must be included in the spatial plan of the region. Question is has it been included? o Wildlife habitat. Presidential Decree/Perpres no 13 year 2013 is stated about the conservation area and its protection. Question is has the connectivity plans cut through the conservation area? o Disaster area. Lampung is one of the Ring of Fire region that is prone to earthquake and volcano eruption. It should be included in the analysis of the possible impacts.
Hotspot: Muara Enim - Prabumulih University – Universitas Andalas, Ardinis Arbain o Social issue. If the mining concession really proceeds as planned by the government, the indigenous people will be wiped out here. Please have a further analysis of the population and anthropology issues and include the social economy and social culture of the indigenous community. Government – Bappeda Sumatra Selatan, Regina o The analysis of strategic issues is still very weak here. The island spatial plan (RTR Pulau) should be overlaid with MP3EI projects, because the island spatial plan has been prepared based on ecosystem consideration. o Next, we need to analyse the entire Sumatra to see the carrying capacity of land and water to support the development. The baseline data provided here is still very weak. Please provide more credible baseline data (for example, percentage of remaining forest cover, carrying capacity of existing river catchment, percentage of
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Issues
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Action/Remarks development, the level of air pollutants and so on), so that we can give a better input and further analyse the issues. o This information should be provided beforehand by KP3EI. For example, for the construction of a 3x100 Megawatt Steam Power Plant, how many coals will be needed. Then decide how many steam power plants will be added by MP3EI in Sumatra, how many coals need to be exploited and how many pollutants will be generated. In South Sumatra, 80% of air pollutants come from mining sectors due to the decision of the national government to exploit coals in this area. This type of information is essential as baseline data that need to be analysed before we start talking about strategic issues. o Agroforestry and forest fire. Do you have the forest fire data? Please clarify how many percent of the forest fires are caused by the natural peat burning and how many percent are caused by the land clearing by community. o The GIS map is indeed a powerful tool to overlay the baseline data and to predict the impact of MP3EI projects for the next 20 years. But the supporting baseline information here is still very weak. There has been much research going on in this area – it should have been incorporated and analysed. o Social impacts. What is the projected human population in Sumatra? Will they be absorbed for MP3EI projects? Will social conflict arise? How much is the migration influx to Sumatra? Will the carrying capacity of land still be sufficient to support them? Will the food supply be enough for Sumatra to be self-sustaining in the future? o Energy supply. Currently the electricity supply has been insufficient in many regions in Sumatra, with the daily blackout in North Sumatra, how will the energy sustain the addition of these MP3EI activities. o Water supply. What will be the water challenges that Sumatra must face with the MP3EI projects in the future? o All of these must be analysed in the SEA process. University – Universitas Batanghari, Yeggi Darnas o Environmental degradation due to solid waste of empty fruit bunches is also a concern here. The development of oil palm plantations needs to be supported by the development of a water treatment plant. Government – BKSDA Sumut o Recommended to set the quota for oil palm plantation, rubber plantation and protected forest in order to maintain the balance in the ecosystem. o Social issue. The addition of KPI and industrial zones in the area will lead to changes in the consumer behaviours and increase in prostitution. NGO – FFI Aceh, Silfi Iriyani o Data of forest fire and hotspots can be obtained from South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project conducted by EU. o Data of elephant population and illegal poaching can be obtained from Wildlife Conservation Society. o Many of the forest functions are governed by the regulation of industrial forest (HTI) and production forest (HPI) zonation. The harvest procedures are also regulated by People Forest Management (MHBM) to minimise forest fires. Government – Bappeda Bengkulu, Abriyani o The SEA process is regulated in Law UU No 32 year 2009 article 15 with the statement that regional and national governments must conduct SEA to integrate sustainable development during the preparation of RTRW, RPKP, RPJM and other policy plans or programmes that will have potential environmental impacts. Therefore, the supporting data for strategic issues need to be presented so that the analysis
FFI Aceh - Get the data of South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project - Get the elephant population and illegal poaching data from WCS.
SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
Issues
Action/Remarks and recommendation will be more to the point.
Hotspot: Palembang Government – Bappeda Sumatra Selatan, Regina o Mining. The was no problem in the past when coal and gas mining was managed by the State Owned Enterprise (BUMN), but since the permit of mining goes to local communities, pollution starts to be out of control. o The toll road Palembang-Bengkulu is not the priority project and not included inside MP3EI projects. The toll road inside MP3EI projects are Palembang-IndraRaya, PalembangBetung, Betung-Jambi, Palembang-KayuApung, KayuApungLampung.
SEA team After verification, the PalembangBengkulu toll road is indeed part of the MP3EI project.
Hotspot: Medan -Lhokseumawe Government – BKSDA Sumatra Utara, Fitri Noor o Percut region has been proposed to be the RAMSAR site, as it is the stopover point for migratory bird. o Karang Gading region has rich mangrove biodiversity. In 2012-2013, we found freshwater dolphins in this region and it is probably an endemic species or newly found species. o High human-wildlife conflicts (tiger, elephant and orang-utan) in this region especially the plantation area. The plantation (oil palm and rubber) has caused forest fragmentation and meta-population of the wildlife in between of the plantations, although relocation efforts have been going on, the situation cannot be curbed. NGO – WWF Aceh, Dede Suhendra o Aceh government has just released the coastal mining moratorium, as the area throughout the Eastern coast of Aceh has a huge endemic mangrove area and will be severely impacted if MP3EI projects are added. o Wildlife conflict in East Aceh and Aceh Taming in 2012, where the elephants habitat are being pushed towards the mangrove area. Many dead elephants are found in the plantation areas, suspected to be poisoned. o Construction of toll road need to take note of the possibility of causing forest fragmentation and increase the human-wildlife conflict (tiger and elephant). o Aceh Tamiang, occurance of severe flooding in 2006 due to the destruction of water catchment area in the upland. Government – Bappeda Sumatra Utara o Should include Sei Mangkei and Kuala Tanjung as the hotspot area of concern. Sei Mangkei is planned for industrial region for oil palm processing. Kuala Tanjung is planned for international hub port. o Possible land conflict between paddy fields and oil palm plantation. Conversion of paddy fields to oil palm plantation might affect the food supply for the Sumatra regions. o Crisis of energy (electricity and gas). Many industries in the current Medan Industrial Zone (KIM) has closed down due to the insufficient supply of gas and electricity for production. The addition of Sei Mangkei industrial zone will add the burden to the shortage of supply. Hotspot: Others NGO – KKI Warsi, Fredi o Riau and Jambi, shortage of electricity because of the low water debit at the upstream of Singkarak Lake and deforestation at the upland. This need to be noted so that actions can be done to improve the downstream water quality. o
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Issues Day 2, 26 March 2014 Agenda 1. Introduction 2. Review of the first day activities 3. Preliminary Recommendations 4. Plenary Session 5. Next Steps in MP3EI 6. Wrap up/ closing Discussion and Q-A session for presentation of findings
Action/Remarks As attached in presentation
Recommendation Agroindustry Government – BKSDA Sumatra Utara o The development of oil palm plantation needs to be limited by quota, each provinces should be limited by quota, so that there will be a balance in distribution. o Compensation / insentives for regions that are commited to protect their natural resources and do not develop their region as oil palm plantation. o The oil palm plantation must have been governed by the RSPO (Roundtable Sustainable Palm oil) dan HCV (High conservation Value) principle. NGO – WWF, Dede Suhendra o RSPO is a scheme that has been developed internationally where oil palm must be managed sustainably. Within RSPO, there are 6 indicators to ensure the consideration of HCV in the production and post-production process. o Indonesia has developed the system called ISPO (Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil) to make sure the practise of oil palm plantation more sustainable University – Universitas Lampung, Slamet Budi Yuwono o Recommend to initiate a law/regulation about environmental services incentives/compensation for regions that still preserved their conservation areas, such as for keeping the water catchment area at the upstream region to sustain the water supply for oil palm plantation at the downstream region. So that not only the downstream region have high economic gain, the upstream region should be rewarded for keeping their environment intact. NGO – KKI Warsi, Fredi o Environmental service compensation. Example in Jambi, Kerinci region, there has always been a protest toward the zonation of national park that cannot be developed in the midst of industrial zone. But the investor did not consider the impacts towards their industries if the water catchment area at the upstream disappear. NGO – WWF, Dede Suhendra o Human-Wildlife conflict mitigation policy between the community and wildlife, and plantation and wildlife. o Mitigation to ensure the customary land and indigenous people is not being removed by the expansion of agroindustry. o Presidential Instruction (Instruksi President) No 6 Year 2013 has instructed the delay of new permit for concession in the area of primary forest and peat swamp areas. There is also the indicative map for the delay of new permit inside the regulation Government – Bappeda Jambi, Panca o Need to put more emphasize on human resource development, green technology in the industry and environmental friendly transport system. University – Palembang, Zaidan o Recommended the development of value-added material for
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
Issues
Action/Remarks palm oil, rather than expansion of new plantation. The development of value-added palm oil material can absorb more graduates in the industries which could enhance the development of human resources and technology.
Heavy Industry Government – BKSDA Sumatra Utara o Implement the control and monitoring towards the waste from heavy industries each year to ensure that the limit will not be exceed and there will be an alert when exceedance occurs, by engaging on an independent monitoring company. University – Universitas Batanghari, Yeggi Darnas o Implementation of waste management and garbage recycling. Some garbage can be recycled into an economic value product such as energy, solid or liquid fertilizer. Mining University – Universitas Lampung, Slamet Budi Yuwono o Investment for the development of renewable energy such as biodiesel and geothermal. The coal supply of South Sumatra is limited and will be exhausted in near future. Connectivity Government – BKSDA Sumatra Utara o The construction of road through conservation area must be guided strictly, so that the single road will not branch out to multiple road networks into the conservation area. Example in Molam, a national road from Aceh to Medan cross through the protected forest, then later on another branching road was added for Military office, which lead to the establishment of food stalls along the roadway.
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D.3
Activity Photos
MP3EI SEA Sumatra Scoping workshop, 13-14 Mar 2014, at Hotel Santika Premiere Dyandra Hotel & Convention Medan
Participants of MP3EI SEA Sumatra Scoping workshop
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SEA for Indonesian Master Plan for Accelerated Economic Development (MP3EI) / Scoping Report / 2014-05
