STATES OF AQUATIC PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN PERI-URBAN AREA OF HCM CITY (VIETNAM) ?

-Aquatic productions in Peri-urban - Fish farming (ponds , rice-fish faring, cage culture) - Aquatic plants (Morning glory, Mimosa, Lotus, Duckweed) - Aquatic production systems in wetland, flooded area prone to be polluted with sewage.

HCM GROUPS ?Dr. Le Thanh Hung ?M.Sc. Huynh Pham Viet Huy ?B.Sc. Bui Thi Phuong Thao ?B.Sc. Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc ?B.Sc. Tran Van Minh ?B.Sc. Pham Van Tam

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Aquatic Production Systems in Peri-Urban of HCM

Morning glory

- Food production systems of poor people

RESULT OF STUDY ?Institutional Analysis ?PCA analysis of aquatic food production systems in peri-urban ?Market analysis of freshwater fish and aquatic plants

Aquatic food production in HCM (Hoaït ñoäng saûn xuaát thuûy saûn ven ñoâ TP Hoà Chí Minh)

- Aquatic production systems are useful for poor peoples who tolerate urbanization and pollution.

SCHEMA OF STRUCTURE OF INSTITUTIONS HAVING RELATIONS TO IMPLEMENT AND DEVELOPING PAPFS HCMC People’s Committee

-Peri-urban of HCM city

Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

- In freshwater area not including marine and brackish of shrimp farming -Focus on peri-urban districts (BìnhChaùnh, Hoác Moân, Quaän 9, Cuû Chi) 90-95% aquatic production

District Level People’s Committee

District Level Economic/Agron omy Office Quan 9

Fisheries Office

Centre of Agricultural Research and Extension

Agency of Aquatic Resources Protection

Agency of Plant Protectio n

Agriculture Extension Stations

Station of Aquatic Resources Protection

Station of Plant Protectio n

Binh Chanh

Hoc Mon

Department of Resources and Environment

Women’Association

Extension Workers

Farmers’Association

Farmers

Dept. Science Technology

Dept of Planning and Investment Dept of Urban Construction

Department of Finance

Cu Chi

INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS IN HCM CITY (HEÄ THOÁNG QUAÛN LYÙ SAÛN XUAÁT THUÛY SAÛN TP HCM) 2 Schema explaining an development project in relation to institutions in HCM city

SITUATION APPRAISAL OF PAFPS USING PCA (1) PCA ? ? - Modified PRA method - Understand the production situation and livehoods for peri-urbans

Bình Myõ

- Participattion of local people Ñoâng Thaïnh

4 sites were choosen, characterizing PAFPS in HCM -Aáp 5, Xaõ Phong Phuù, Bình Chaùnh: Fish faring, lotus planting and seed production -Aáp 5, Xaõ Ña Phöôùc, Bình Chaùnh: Fish farming, aquatic plants - Aáp 1, Ñoâng Thaïnh, Hoác Moân: Fish farming - Xaõ Bình Myõ, Cuû Chi: Fish farmingin planned agriculture

Phong Phuù Ña Phöôùc

1

PCA- XAÕ ÑA PHÖÔÙC (2)

PCA- XAÕ ÑA PHÖÔÙC (1) Characteristics

History of the production

- Having many aquaculture activities

-Before 978: rice and vegetables

- Relative far away from the city, having less severe water pollution for sewage

- From 1979: Fish farming

-Fish farming, Fish-lotus integrated farming, rice-fish farming

Constrainst and oppotunitites of the village Ña Phöôùc Constrainst

Man

-1991-1995: Freshwater prawn farming until 1995 stop farming due to pollution

Woman

Both

1

Labor lack Ouput

Labor

2

Technique Credit

Output

3

Otput

Technique Technique

Socical-economics

4

Credit

Labor

Credit

-Not much immingrants, mainly householders living there, immigrants in village (30/565 hoä)

5

Flood

Flood

Flood

6

Pollution

-

Pollution

-Not farmine family, living standard is not so different except householder having commerce

7

- Information came from women and man groups. These information is not signficantly different

-2000-2002: Black water reduced -2003: Red tilapia development

- Most farmers practice fish farming, Kniting and working in factories nearby

PCA- XAÕ PHONG PHUÙ (1) Characteristics -South HCM, 17 km, severely polluted and impacted with the urbanization -Chacterized with area having severe polluted area -Fish farming, Fish-lotus, seed prodcution and ornemental fish farming

PCA- XAÕ PHONG PHUÙ (2) Constrainst and oppotunitites of the

Development history

village Phong Phuù

1975 until now: rice planting From 1990: fish farming and lotus planting

Xeáp haïng

Constrainst Man

Woman

Common

-From 1996: Mimosa planting

1

Pollution

Pollution Pollution

-From 1999 until now : Flooded and black water

2

Flooded

Flooded

Flooded

3

House moving

House mouving

House moving

4

Medicine to treat fish disease

Medicine to treat fish disease ù

5

Diseases

Diseases

-Plan until 2010: Urbanization

Social -economics -2,5 millions VND/head/year -10% poor people -

PCA- XAÕ ÑOÂNG THAÏNH (1) Characteristics -Peri-urban in upland of North East of HCM, having fish farming -Not having sewage of HCM -Rice, Livestock (pig, beef), fish farming

Social-economics - Not immigrants

History

PCA- XAÕ ÑOÂNG THAÏNH (2)

-Rice and livestoc (chicken and pig raising) is long time ago -1992: raising cow for milk production and well developed sicne 1997

Constrainst

Mansupply

Woman

1

Tech/Credit

Credit

Credit

Common

Output

Technique

2

Seed supply

-1998: start fish farming

3

High price of Pollution feed

Pollution

-In 2000 has pollution from industries park

4

Pollution

Wate duming site

Otput

5

Seed price

Acid soil

Technique

6

Output

Flood

Dumping site

7

Seed production

Seed

Acid soil

- Not farmine householders, but poorer than other villges near the city 8

-Land in the village is the reserve for agriculture land of the city 9

2

PCA- XAÕ BÌNH MYÕ (1) Characteristics

PCA- XAÕ BÌNH MYÕ (2) Constrainst and oppotunitites of the village Bình Myõ

History -before 1975: rice, sugar cane

-Peri-urbans of Cuû Chi district

Xeáp haïng

-1975: Fish farming -1978, severe flood fish escaped - 997: lotus development - 2001: Beef, milk producing cow, fish

-Orientation for fsih farming development (City planning)

Constrainst Man

Woman

Common

1

Output

2

Technique Flood

Technique

3

Disease

Pollution

Diseases

4

Seed, fertilizers

Acid soil

Pollution

5

Pollution

Credit

Flood

6

Flood

Seed, fertilizers

Seed, fertilizer

-Rich (50-60 trieäu/hoä): 10%

7

Acid soil

Technique Acid soil s

-Average (30-40 trieäu/hoä): 60%

8

Credit

Disease

-Not receiving city sewage -Rice, livestock (pig, beef), fish farmong, lotus, morning glory

Social-economics -Povery is eliminated

Output

Output

Credit

-Poor (10-20 trieäu/hoä): 30% hoä

FISH AND AQUATIC PLANT MARKET

Channel of distribution for freshwater fish in HCM city

Thò tröôøng caù nöôùc ngoït vaø rau thuûy sinh taïi TP HCM :

Saûn xuaát

-Freshwater fish production in peri-urban: 8% of the demand of the city -Aquatic plant in peri-urban: 90% of the demand

Baùn só

Nhaø haøng, quaùn aên

Surveys:

Thu gom

Baùn leû

Baùn leû

Tieâu thuï

Tieâu thuï

Baùn leû

- 67 markets (18 wholes sale, 49 retail ) - 43 middleman

-40% retail in markets

- 218 retail man

-19% through restaurant, cannten, supermarket

Channel of aquatic plant distribution in HCM city

FISH PRICE IN DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL 50000

Thöông laùi Nhaø Baùn só haøng Baùn leû Tieâu thuï Nhaø haøng

Baùn leû

Rau töø ven ñoâ Nhaø haøng

Giaù(VND/Kg)

Dieâu Hoàn g Saûn xuaát

Quaùn aên

Tieâu thuï

-60% whole sales

- 46 wholesman

Rau töø tænh

Nhaø haøng, quaùn aên

Baùn só

Roâphi

Treâlai

Roâñoàn g

Caùc loaïi cheùp

Loùc

40000

30000

20000

Tieâu thuï 10000

0

Muøa chính

Traùivuï

Thu gom

Muøa chính

Traùi vuï

Muøa chính

Baùn só

Traùi vuï

Baùn leû

-Price from producer to consumpmer is quite different (1,5 -2 times) -Price in season and out of sease is different 1,5 times -Price is reduced in order of roâ ñoàng, ñieâu hoàng, loùc, caùc loaøi caù cheùp

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AQUATIC PLANT PRICE IN DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL IN HCM CITY Nhuù t Muoá ng Sen

CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR

Gi aù(VND/Kg)

25000 20000

20000

11750

11750

10000 5000 0

15000

15000

15000 8000 5500 5250

7525

7750

10000

10000

Tai töôïng 20%

7250 5000

5000

Muø a chính

Traù i vuï

2000

1600

Muø a chính

Traù i vuï

Thu gom

Caùloù c

Baù n só

Muø a chính

Baù n leû

- Difference of price in and out season is not much -Ù Price between whole sale to retail is quite different

The SOS workshop (1)

9th Dec. 2003 ? Place: University of Agriculture and Forestry, HCMC ? Stakeholders: ?Producers: 10 ?Market actors: 12 ?Government officers: 11

Roâphi Tai töôïng Ñieâ u hoà ng Caùtreâ Caù c loaø i caùcheù p Roâñoà ng

Traù i vuï

- Price from producor to consumpmer is 5-6 times

? Time:

Caù loùc 46% Roâ phi 20%

The most savory is in order of : Caù loùc, roâ phi, tai töôïng

Rau nhuùt 36%

Kha ùc Rau muoáng 34%

Rau nhuù t Rau muoá ng

- The most savory vegatable is in order : Rau nhuùt, rau muoáng - Sen ít ñöôïc öa thích

Sen Rau khaù c

The SOS workshop (2) ? Activities:

- Validations of research results - Filling missing issues/persons - Clarifications of important issues - Definition of next research and action agenda (on the basic of stakeholders’ participations)

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