HOCHIMINH CITY - GENERAL INTRODUCTION
HOCHIMINH CITY PEOPLE COMMITTEE DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT
- Hochiminh city is the special city of Vietnam, the biggest center of economy, cuture, education and training, science and technology, international relations, industry and services i off multifields; l ifi ld - Location: South Vietnam, Mekong Delta; - Southern Key Economic Zone, including Hochiminh city, Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Ba Ria – Vung Tau, Binh Phuoc, T Ni Tay Ninh, h L Long A An & Ti Tien Gi Giang province) i ) 2 - Area: 2,095 km - Population: more than 9 millions - Districts: 24
SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN HOCHIMINH CITY,, VIETNAM Workshop Kitakyushu, Japan 14 -16March,, 2011 DONRE
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SO SOLID WASTE AS G GENERATION A O RATEA Increasing i rate 8-10%/year 8 10%/
SOLID WASTE SOURCES - Residential area: more than 1.8 mill houses and apartments; p - Hotel & restaurant: more than 10,000; g, school,, university: y more than 20,000; , ; - Office building, - Market (open and super): more 400; hospitals 600 public - Public health: more than 184 hospitals, health centers and 9,000 clinics; - Industry: more than 12,000 (2,000 big industries; more than 10,000 SME) in and out of 10 industrial zones, 03 import-export p p zones, 01 high-tech g zone and 33 industrial areas; DONRE
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Year
Tons/year*
Tons/day*
Population**
Tons/person/year
1996
1.058.468
2.900
4.748.596
0.22
kgs/person/day
0.61
1997
983.811
2.695
4.906.841
0.20
0.55
1998
939.943
2.575
5.008.871
0.19
0.51
1999
1.066.272
2 921 2.921
5.118.870
0 21 0.21
0 57 0.57
2000
1.483.963
4.066
5.220.028
0.28
0.78
2001
1.369.358
3.752
5.340.209
0.26
0.70
2002
1 568 476 1.568.476
4.297
5 558 225 5.558.225
0.28
0.77
2003
1.788.500
4.900
5.702.159
0.31
0.86
2004
1.684.023
4.614
6.062.993
0.28
0.76
2005
1.746.485
4.785
6.239.938
0.28
0.77
2006
1.895.889
5.194
6.424.519
0.30
0.81
2007
1.968.493
5.393
6.650.942
0.30
0.81
2008
2.017.520
5.527
6.810.461
0.30
0.81
2009
2.120.082
5.808
7.165.398
0.30
0.81
2010
2 305 379 2.305.379
6.316
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SOLID WASTE COMPOSITION No.
Composition
Phuoc Hiep
Go Cat
1
Food residue
60 0 72 1 60.0-72.1
67 0 75 0 67.0-75.0
2
Nylon
11.5-17.0
11.0-13.2
3
Plastic
0.5-1.5
0.8-1.7
4
Cloth
36 98 3.6-9.8
38 52 3.8-5.2
5
Soft rubber
0.3-1.6
0.9-1.7
6
Hard rubber
0.4-1.2
0.8-3.4
7
Wood
12 37 1.2-3.7
25 31 2.5-3.1
8
Styrofoam
1.0-4.9
0.4-0.8
9
Paper
2.4-4.0
2.3-3.2
10
Gl Glass
00 06 0.0-0.6
00 03 0.0-0.3
11
Metal
0.2-1.0
0.2-0.9
12
Leather
0.0-1.0
0.5-1.3
13
B i k ash, Brick, h etc. t
00 01 0.0-0.1
00 01 0.0-0.1
14
Ceramic
0.0-0.1
0.0-0.2
15
Carton
0.0-0.1
0.0-0.1
16
C Can
00 02 0.0-0.2
00 03 0.0-0.3
17
Battery
0.0-0.2
0.0-0.3
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SOLID WASTE COLLECTION Door to Door Collection: - Private groups (70%) and public groups (30%): 3,000 - Hand cart: 2,000 with capacity of 1.0-1.5 m3/cart Street Collection: - Collection work is carried out by Hochiminh city Environmental Company (CITENCO), 22 District Service Companies and Cong Nong Cooperative. - Truck: more than 700; CITENCO: more than 500; - Capacity: 4-15 tons/truck DONRE
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AT SOURCES
Open market
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SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AT SOURCES
Households
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Segregation on the collecting process
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT
- Transfer: cityy has 7 district compacted p transfer stations,, districts have 8 compacted transfer stations and Cong Nong Cooperative has 2 compacted transfer stations and open transfer station 15 15. - Transport: Hochiminh city Environmental Company (CITENCO), 22 District Service Companies and Cong Nong Cooperative. Compacted transfer station
T Transfer f and d ttransportt 9
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
RECYCLING
TREATMENT
- Recycling shop: more than 800 - Scavenger: more than 18,000 - Recycled material: paper, plastic, metals, can, … - Method: manual
- Solid waste treatment complex: 3 North-West West Complex, Cu Chi district: 660ha + North + Da Phuoc Complex, Binh Chanh district: 640ha + Thu Thua Complex, Complex Long An province: 1,760 1 760 ha - Technology: + Landfill: 02 landfills (3,000 tons/d); + Compost: C t 03 composting ti plants l t (1,000 (1 000 tons/d.each); t /d h)
A junk-shop A scavenger DONRE
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PROBLEMS AT SOURCES - No separation at sources; - Fee collected is not enough for tranportation and treatment; COLLECTION - Collection hand car is old and low hygienic conditions; - Management M t off collection work is not enough; DONRE
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PROBLEMS TRANSFER - There is not enough district transfer stations; - Hygienic H i i conditions diti are poor, such as smell, leachate, air pollution, pollution noisy, noisy etc. etc
Open transfer station
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PROBLEMS
PROBLEMS
TRANSPORT - It is difficult to manage due to it is carried out byy more than 30 companies; - Transport routing is not achieved;
RECYCLING - Environment problems at junk shops and recycling p; shops; - No recycling activities at landfill sites;
Recycling shop DONRE
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PROBLEMS
SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY Plants
Products
TREATMENT - Environmental problems at landfills and composting plants; - Due to lack of financial and policy supports, new t h l technology iis nott applied; li d
Recyclable materials
Pre-process
Raw materials
City
Heat MSW Energy recovery
Bio-degradable
organic fraction
Food products
Anaerobic digestion
Electricity
Non-recyclable materials Digested product
Food processing
Leachate is one of main problems from landfills
Land filling Humidity reduction Agricultural fields (vegetable, rubber, cashew nut, etc.)
Aerobic composting Compost & organic fertilizer
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DEMANDS OF HO CHI MINH CITY
DEMANDS OF HO CHI MINH CITY
AT SOURCE:
TREATMENT -Environmental protection at landfills, transfer stations and composting plants; -New technology and policies; - CDM HUMAN RESOURCES -Education and training propagation - Trainning and propagation FINANCE Finance policies to support HCMC
Implementing program of separation at source and preparing p p g the p policies to support. pp
TRANSFER and TRANSPORT: - Privatization of solid waste management system. - Set up policies of disposal fee to support support.
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LANDFILLS N S Phuoc Hiep p 1: 43ha 2,200 – 2,500 tons/d
Go Cat: 25ha 2,000--2,200 tons/d 2,000
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Dong Thanh Operation time: 1991 1991--2002 Area: 43ha Capacity: 10,800,000 ton DONRE
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