Statement of

OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE for World Heritage Sites

KAI WEISE Session 2 – STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS - Monday, 16 June 2008

ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

1. OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE 2. CRITERIA 3. AUTHENTICITY & INTEGRITY 4. STATEMENT OF OUV 5. DRAFTING A STATEMENT OF OUV 6. MANAGEMENT & STATEMENT OF OUV 7. CONSERVING THE ELEMENT & ATTRIBUTES

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

WORLD HERITAGE

PAST

PRESENT

something passed down from previous generations ...

... of value ...

FUTURE

... and worthy of preservation for future generations

... of outstanding universal value ... STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

1. OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE

....cultural and/or natural significance which is so exceptional as to transcend national boundaries and to be of common importance for present and future generations of all humanity. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 49)

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

1. OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE

The Committee considers a property as having outstanding universal value if the property meets one or more of the following criteria. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 77)

Criteria: 6 for cultural sites 4 for natural sites

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

2. CRITERIA – CULTURAL SITES (i) represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; (ii) exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; (iii) bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; (iv) be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

2. CRITERIA – CULTURAL SITES

(v) be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; (vi) be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria) ;

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

2. CRITERIA – NATURAL SITES (vii) contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; (viii) be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; (ix) be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; (x) contain the most important and significant natural habitats for insitu conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

3. AUTHENTICITY & INTEGRITY “Authenticity” refers to the way the attributes of the site convey the value Authenticity is a measure of the degree to which the values of a property may be understood to have been credible, truthful, and genuinely expressed by the attributes of the property. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Articles 79/80).

The attributes may include: “form and design; materials and substance; use and junction; traditions, techniques and management systems; location and setting; language, and other forms of intangible heritage; spirit and feeling; and other internal and external factors” (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 82)

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

3. AUTHENTICITY & INTEGRITY “Integrity” refers to the extent (wholeness, intact) the attributes of the site convey the value Integrity is a measure of the wholeness and intactness of the natural and/or cultural heritage and its attributes. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Articles 87/88)

Integrity is measured by assessing: – Whether or not the property includes all elements necessary to express outstanding universal value – Whether or not the property is adequate size to ensure the complete representation of the features and processes which convey the property’s significance – Whether or not the property is essentially free from the adverse effects of development and/or neglect STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

WORLD HERITAGE

Outstanding Universal Value

expressed through tangible elements and attributes of the site

Has to meet at least 1 of 10 criteria

CRITERIA for inscription

“Authenticity” Authenticity refers to the way the attributes of the site convey the value “Integrity” Integrity refers to the extent (wholeness, intact) these values are conveyed These elements and attributes need to be contained within the boundary

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

4. STATEMENT OF OUV

At the time of inscription of a property on the World Heritage List, the Committee adopts a Statement of Outstanding Universal Value which will be the key reference for the future effective protection and management of the property. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 51)

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

4. STATEMENT OF OUV The Statement of Outstanding Universal Value should include: •a summary of the Committee's determination that the property has outstanding universal value, •identifying the criteria under which the property was inscribed, •including the assessments of the conditions of integrity or authenticity, •and of the requirements for protection and management in force. The Statement of Outstanding Universal Value shall be the basis for the future protection and management of the property. (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 155)

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

5. DRAFTING A STATEMENT OF OUV Red Fort Complex, India criteria (ii), (iii) and (vi);

1. Short Introduction on Site

2. The Criteria: explanation of attributes and elements linked to each Criteria the site is inscribed under.. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) 3. Assessment on Authenticity and Integrity of the Site

4. Status of existing Protection and Management of the Site

Statement of Outstanding Universal Value : The planning and design of the Red Fort represents a culmination of architectural development initiated in 1526 AD by the first Mughal Emperor and brought to a splendid refinement by Shah Jahan with a fusion of traditions: Islamic, Persian, Timurid and Hindu. The innovative planning arrangements and architectural style of building components as well as garden design developed in the Red Fort strongly influenced later buildings and gardens in Rajasthan, Delhi, Agra and further afield. The Red Fort has been the setting for events which have had a critical impact on its geo-cultural region. Criterion (ii): The final flourishing of Mughal architecture built upon local traditions but enlivened them with imported ideas, techniques, craftsmanship and designs to provide a fusion of Islamic, Persian, Timurid and Hindu traditions. The Red Fort demonstrates the outs tanding results this achieved in planning and architecture. Criterion (iii): The innovative planning arrangements and architectural style of building components and garden design developed in the Red Fort strongly influenced later buildings and gardens in Rajasthan, Delhi, Agra and further afield. The Red Fort Complex also reflects the phase of British military occupation, introducing new buildings and functions over the earlier Mughal structures. Criterion (vi): The Red Fort has been a symbol of power since the reign of Shah Jahan, has witnessed the change in Indian history to British rule, and was the place where Indian independence was first celebrated, and is still celebrated today. The Red Fort Complex has thus been the setting of events critical to the shaping of regional identity, and which have had a wide impact on the geocultural region. The Red Fort Complex is a layered expression of both Mughal architecture and planning, and the later British military use of the forts. The most dramatic impacts on the integrity of the Red Fort Complex come from the change of the river into a major road, which alters the relationship of the property to its intended setting; and from the division of the Salimgarh Fort by a railway. Nevertheless the Salimgarh Fort is inextricably linked to the Red Fort in use and later history. The integrity of the Salimgarh Fort can only be seen in terms of its value as part of the overall Red Fort Complex. The authenticity of the Mughal and British buildings in the Red Fort Complex is established, although more work is needed to establish the veracity of the current garden layout. In the spec ific case of the Salimgarh Fort, the authenticity of the Mughal period is related to knowledge of its use and associations, and of the built structures dating from the British period. The nominated property has been declared a monument of national importance under the Ancient Monument and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1959. A buffer zone has been established. Although the state of conservation of the property has improved over the past ten years, much more work is needed to put the overall state of the property into a stable condition and to ensure visitors do not contribute to its decay. The Red Fort Complex is managed directly by the Archaeological Survey of India, which is also responsible for the protection of all national level heritage sites in India and Indian cultural properties included in the World Heritage List.

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

6. MANAGEMENT & STATEMENT OF OUV

At the time of inscription of a property on the World Heritage List, the Committee adopts a Statement of Outstanding Universal Value which will be the key reference for the future effective protection and management of the property. property (Operational Guidelines 2005 Article 51)

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

7. CONSERVING THE ELEMENT & ATTRIBUTES

Outstanding Universal Value

expressed through tangible elements and attributes of the site

Has to meet at least 1 of 10 criteria

CRITERIA for inscription

“Authenticity” Authenticity refers to the way the attributes of the site convey the value “Integrity” Integrity refers to the extent (wholeness, intact) these values are conveyed These elements and attributes need to be contained within the boundary

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

7. CONSERVING THE ELEMENT & ATTRIBUTES The primary objective (or purpose) of the Integrated Management Plan is to protect the Outstanding Universal Value of the World Heritage property which is....

expressed through tangible elements and attributes of the site

Conserve the elements and attributes that contribute to the outstanding universal value of the site

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008

STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE FOR WHS ASI-UNESCO Workshop - World Heritage Site Management in India - 15 to 18 June 2008