The Center for Transportation and the Environment North Carolina State University NATIONAL TELECONFERENCE SERIES

Program No. TC-29: Safety Conscious Transportation Planning March 10, 2004 1:00 - 4:00 p.m., EST Broadcast Live From North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina

CTE is a USDOT university transportation center located at: The Institute for Transportation Research and Education NC State University, Centennial Campus Box 8601, Raleigh, NC 27695-8601 Phone: (919) 515-8899 Fax: (919) 515-8898

http://www.itre.ncsu.edu/cte

Program TC-29: Safety Conscious Transportation Planning

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preliminary Agenda .............................................................................................................3 Panelist Profiles ...................................................................................................................4 Panelist Address Information...............................................................................................7 Question/Comment Sheet ....................................................................................................8 CTE Teleconference Evaluation ..........................................................................................9 Bibliography of General Literature Search on Safety Conscious Transportation Planning........................................................................10

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FINAL AGENDA CTE National Broadcast on Safety Conscious Transportation Planning TIME

TOPICS

PRESENTERS

AUDIOVISUALS/CGT

1:00 - 1:05

Welcome & Introduction of Moderator

Katie McDermott, CTE

Phone/Fax/Email http://www.itre.ncsu.edu/cte

1:05 - 1:10

Panel Introduction & Program Overview

Tere Franceschi, FHWA (Moderator)

1:10 - 1:20

The U.S. Road Safety Problem: A General Overview

Doug Robertson, HSRC

PowerPoint

1:20 – 1:30

Safety Conscious Planning as a Solution: Data Driven, Comprehensive, Collaborative

Susan Herbel, TSS Group

PowerPoint

1:30 – 1:50

Planning, Tools, and Strategies: How to integrate safety into transportation planning. Available tools and strategies.

Mike Meyer, Georgia Tech

PowerPoint

1:50 – 2:00

Panel Discussion: Applying SCP: Obstacles & Opportunities

Entire Panel

2:00 – 2:10

Break

2:10 – 2:25

Getting Started: MARC case study on the challenges associated with its first attempts to integrate safety in the planning process.

Mell Henderson, MARC

PowerPoint

2:25 – 2:40

Data, Partnerships, Results: How to use data to educate and engage decision makers.

Tom Bruff, SEMCOG

PowerPoint

2:40 – 2:50

DOT Resources and Strategies for Local Assistance: How MDOT partnered with OHSP to involve MPOs and local governments.

Denise Jackson, MDOT

PowerPoint

2:50 – 3:00

Getting Involved: Collaborative activities for federal agencies, states, MPOs, private sector, et al.

Tere Franceschi, FHWA

PowerPoint

3:00 - 3:10

Break

3:10 - 3:55

Q&A w/National Audience

Panel & Audience

3:50 - 3:55

Closing Summary

Tere Franceschi, FHWA

3:55 - 4:00

Wrap-Up

Katie McDermott, CTE

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PANELIST PROFILES Ms. C. Tere Franceschi (Moderator) Transportation Specialist, Office of Interstate and Border Planning, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (Washington, DC) As a transportation specialist in the Office of Interstate and Border Planning, Tere Franceschi is responsible for helping states include safety as a key planning factor and performance measure in the transportation planning process. Ms. Franceschi has recently updated the Safety Conscious Planning (SCP) Web page for FHWA (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/scp/) and is participating in the development of an SCP training course. In addition, she develops communication tools to promote SCP concepts, helps support SCP research, and documents noteworthy practices in SCP. Ms. Franceschi previously served in FHWA’s Office of International Programs, as well as the Academy of Educational Development and the Department of Defense. She is originally from Cadiz, Spain, but has lived in Alexandria, VA, for many years. She received a B.A. in international studies and an M.A. in public administration from George Washington University. Dr. Susan Herbel Principal, The Transportation Safety Solutions Group (Heathrow, FL) Susan Herbel has more than 20 years of experience in highway safety research and program development, implementation and management. She has also been involved in the creation of several safety training and education programs. Dr. Herbel has worked with several organizations to develop a facilitated process for reaching agreement on a set of timed, action-oriented enabling objectives for achieving a mission; to create user-friendly methods for turning research into action-oriented programs and projects; and to identify partners for outreach opportunities. Once consensus has been reach among interested partners, Dr. Herbel is frequently called upon to continue facilitating communication and collaboration by providing meeting, conference and seminar support; developing and delivering training programs, creating guidance documents through guidelines and strategic action plans; and identifying useful research and information products that can be translated into user-friendly print and electronic media packages for widespread dissemination to appropriately targeted audiences. Current customers include the Federal Highway Administration, National Transit Institute, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Association of Governors’ Highway Safety Representatives, several State Highway Safety Offices, the National Academies of Science (Transportation Research Board) and private sector companies, including Motorola, DriveSmart Virginia, and AAA. Dr. Herbel received her Ph.D. in public law and policy from the University of Oklahoma, and completed post doctoral studies in research methods at Michigan State University. Dr. Doug Robertson Director, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center (Chapel Hill, NC) Named HSRC director in October 1999, Dr. Robertson's 35-year career has ranged from work in the public and private sectors to experience in academia and the military. In addition to his position as HSRC director, Dr. Robertson holds an appointment as research associate professor with the UNC Department of Health Behavior and Health Education in the School of Public Health and is an interinstitutional adjunct faculty member in the Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering at NC State University. Throughout his research career, Dr. Robertson has served as the principal investigator on numerous transportation safety studies, including work on symbolic pedestrian signal displays that led to the adoption of the "hand-walking man" symbols as a national standard for pedestrian signals in the United States.

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Prior to coming to UNC, Dr. Robertson was a vice-president with Science Applications International Corporation and TransCore in Alexandria, VA. His career has included work as a professor of civil engineering at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He has also held positions with ITS America, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, and BioTechnology, Inc. Dr. Robertson holds a Ph.D. in civil engineering from the University of Maryland. In March 2003, he retired after 37 years in the Army and the Army Reserves. In his last assignment, Major General Robertson served as the Commanding General of the 108th Division, a unit of more than 3,700 soldiers located across North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Puerto Rico. Dr. Mike Meyer Professor, Transportation Group, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgina Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA) Dr. Michael D. Meyer is a professor of civil and environmental engineering, and former chair of the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. From 1983 to 1988, Dr. Meyer was director of transportation planning and development for Massachusetts where he was responsible for statewide planning, project development, traffic engineering, and transportation research. Prior to this, he was a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at M.I.T. Dr. Meyer has written over 140 technical articles and has authored or co-authored numerous texts on transportation planning and policy, including a college textbook for McGraw Hill entitled Urban Transportation Planning: A Decision Oriented Approach. He was the author of Transportation Congestion and Mobility: A Toolbox for Transportation Officials, a book sponsored by the Institute of Transportation Engineers and the Federal Highway Administration, that focuses on transportation actions that can be implemented to enhance mobility. He is an active member of numerous professional organizations, and has chaired committees relating to transportation planning, public transportation, environmental impact analysis, transportation policy, transportation education, and intermodal transportation. Dr. Meyer is the recipient of numerous awards including the 2000 Theodore M. Matson Memorial Award in recognition of outstanding contributions in the field of transportation engineering; the 1995 Pyke Johnson Award of the Transportation Research Board for best paper in planning and administration delivered at the TRB Annual Meeting; and the 1988 Harland Bartholomew Award of the American Society of Civil Engineers for contribution to the enhancement of the role of the civil engineer in urban planning and development. He was recently appointed to the executive committee of the Transportation Research Board. Dr. Meyer has a B.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Wisconsin, an M.S. degree in civil engineering from Northwestern University, and a Ph.D. degree in civil engineering from M.I.T. He is a registered professional engineer in the State of Georgia. Mr. Mell Henderson Director of Transportation, Mid-America Regional Council (Kansas City, MO) Mr. Henderson is the director of transportation for the Mid-America Regional Council (MARC), the bi-state metropolitan planning organization for the Kansas City Region. Since 1996, when he joined the agency, the emphasis of MARC’s transportation program has been: • • •

Highlighting the growing backlog of needs to simply maintain existing infrastructure. Pursuing technology enhancements, such as the Kansas City Scout freeway management program and Operation Green Light arterial traffic signal coordination program to improve management and operation of the region’s transportation system. Enhancing the region’s role as a center for national and international trade, including the establishment of the Kansas City SmartPort international trade processing center.

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Strengthening current public transit services, and developing the Smart Moves plan for expanded and enhanced services. Initiating a new safety planning program. Conducting comprehensive corridor planning to identify appropriate investments in some of the region’s most heavily traveled corridors.

These issues are reflected in Transportation Outlook 2030, Metropolitan Kansas City’s LongRange Transportation Plan, approved in October 2002. Prior to joining MARC, Mr. Henderson was the manager of transportation planning for the Indian Nations Council of Governments in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Earlier in his career he also served as a transportation planner for the Denver Regional Council of Governments and as the state air quality plan coordinator for the State of Colorado. Mr. Henderson studied at both Oklahoma State University and the University of Kansas, where he earned a master’s degree in urban planning. Mr. Tom Bruff Coordinator of Transportation Engineering, Southeast Michigan Council of Governments (Detroit, MI) Mr. Bruff has served as the coordinator of SEMCOG’s Transportation Engineering group for the past seven years. SEMCOG is the regional planning agency for Southeast Michigan – solving regional problems by working together with member local governments to improve the quality of life in the region. The engineering group, which he oversees, develops and maintains several regional management systems: Safety, Congestion, Bridge, and Pavement. Mr. Bruff is also the facilitator of the Southeast Michigan Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Regional Architecture. Prior to working at SEMCOG, Mr. Bruff was employed by the Macomb County Road Commission as its traffic and safety engineer for 10 years. He is a graduate of Michigan State University and holds a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering. Ms. Denise Jackson Administrator, Statewide Transportation Planning Division, Michigan Department of Transportation (Lansing, MI) Denise Jackson is presently administrator of the Statewide Planning Division within the Bureau of Transportation Planning, Michigan Department of Transportation. She is responsible for administering the multi-modal “3C” planning process for Michigan’s 13 urbanized areas and administering the capital construction program for state highways. Her responsibilities also include developing the MDOT Five-Year Road and Bridge Program, totaling $7.5 billion. For more than 10 years, Ms. Jackson has been actively involved in the department’s resource allocation process and developing investment strategies to maximize the use of federal and state funds. Ms. Jackson participates on a National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) panel and in several initiatives related to incorporating safety in the planning process. Ms. Jackson has worked for MDOT in positions of increasing responsibility since 1977 and is a graduate of Michigan State University.

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ADDRESS INFORMATION Ms. C. Tere Franceschi (Moderator) Transportation Specialist Office of Interstate and Border Planning Federal Highway Administration HEPI-10, Room 3301 400 7th Street SW Washington, DC 20590 (202) 366-6798 voice (202) 493-2198 fax [email protected] Dr. Susan Herbel Principal The Transportation Safety Solutions Group 343 Devon Place Heathrow, FL 32746 (407)829-6424 voice (407)829-6520 fax [email protected]

Mr. Tom Bruff SEMCOG 535 Griswold Street, Suite 300 Detroit, MI 48226 (313)961-4266 x340 voice (313)961-4869 fax [email protected] Ms. Denise Jackson Administrator, Statewide Transportation Planning Division Michigan Department of Transportation P.O. Box 30050 Lansing, MI 48909 (517)335-2962 voice [email protected]

Dr. Doug Robertson Director UNC Highway Safety Research Center 730 Airport Road, Suite 300 Campus Box 3430 Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (919)962-2202 voice (919)962-8710 fax [email protected] Dr. Michael Meyer Professor, Transportation Group School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 790 Atlantic Drive Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0355 USA (404) 385-2246 voice (404) 894-2278 fax [email protected] Mr. Mell Henderson Director of Transportation Mid-America Regional Council 600 Broadway, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64105 (816) 474-4240 voice (816) 421-7758 fax [email protected]

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Program TC-29: Safety Conscious Transportation Planning

QUESTION / COMMENT SHEET Phone: 1-800-742-9813

Fax: 1-800-553-7656

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Program TC-29: Safety Conscious Transportation Planning

CTE TELECONFERENCE EVALUATION Please take a moment to complete this evaluation and return it to your downlink site coordinator. Your comments and suggestions are important to us. [NOTE: If you participated in this program via the Internet, please use the electronic evaluation form located on the CTE Web site at http://www.itre.ncsu.edu/cte/CTEWebcastEvalForm.html] Thank you for your cooperation! Downlink Site Location: (City) _________________________ (State) ____________________ Select the category which best describes your current place of work: a. Federal b. State c. Local/MPO d. University

e. Private

f. Other

Circle the letter(s) that apply and provide additional comments when possible. 1. Did the program content meet your expectations? (If you select C or D, please explain.) a. Excellent b. Good c. Fair d. Poor

2. Was the information presented well organized? (If you select C or D, please explain.) a. Excellent b. Good c. Fair d. Poor

3. The information I received from the teleconference will be: a. Extremely useful in my current job b. Somewhat useful

c. Not useful at all

4. The best part(s) of this teleconference was: a. Panelist(s)’ knowledge, experience, delivery b. Printed materials and handouts c. Visual aids d. Interaction between panel and national audience e. Use of real-world examples, case studies 5. The most needed improvement(s) to this teleconference are: a. Panelist(s)’ knowledge, experience, delivery b. Printed materials and handouts (Explain:________________________________________) c. Visual aids d. Interaction between panel and national audience e. Use of real-world examples, case studies 6. Was the downlink facility appropriate/comfortable for the teleconference? a. Excellent b. Good c. Fair d. Poor 7. What topics would you like to see developed for future teleconferences?

8. What overall suggestion(s) or comment(s) can you provide about this teleconference?

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: CTE National Teleconference (TC29): Safety Conscious Transportation Planning The following bibliography represents a sampling of the published literature and web sites relating to this subject, identified through a keyword search of several online databases. We hope you find these resources helpful. Publication source and ordering information are provided where available.

Resources Specific to SCP In February 2004, the National Training Institute published a comprehensive reference list on Safety Conscious Planning for use in the development of its SCP training course. The reference list was prepared by Cambridge Systematics, Inc., with Dr. Susan Herbel (The TSS Group) and Dr. Michael Meyer (Georgia Institute of Technology). The reference list features resources in the following subject categories: general transportation planning, safety conscious planning, demographics, data, analytical methods, safety programs, transportation countermeasures (land use, design, transit, commercial vehicles, pedestrian-bicycle), and web resources. The 41-page reference list is available for download as a PDF document (272KB) at: http://www.itre.ncsu.edu/cte/downloads/SCPreferencelist2004.pdf

Environmental Issues Related to SCP On the following pages, CTE provides an additional bibliography of environmental concerns related to safety conscious transportation planning. The review of published literature generated information in primarily two categories: reduction of animal-vehicle collisions, and the safe transport of hazardous materials.

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REDUCING ANIMAL-VEHICLE COLLISIONS Browne, Shawna. N.C. automobile crashes involving deer reached all-time high in 2002. October 27, 2003. http://www.hsrc.unc.edu/pressrelease/deercrashes.htm Clevenger, A.P.; Chruszez, B.; Gunson, K.E. “Highway mitigation fencing reduces wildlife-vehicle collisions.” (2001) Wildlife Society Bulletin, vol. 29: no. 2. pp. 646-653. Craven, Scott; Pils, Charles M.; Rolley, Robert E. “The impacts of deer population management and roadside vegetation management on deer-vehicle collisions in Wisconsin.” Wildlife and Highways: Seeking Solutions to An Economic and Socioeconomic Dilemma, 7th Annual Meeting of The Wildlife Society. (2000), p.148. http://www.berrymaninstitute.org/PDF/wildlife and highways.PDF Hedlund, J.H.; Curtis, P.D.; Curtis, G. and Williams, A.F. (2004). Methods to reduce traffic crashes involving deer: what works and what does not. Traffic Injury Prevention. Available: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1005 N. Glebe Rd., Arlington, VA 22201. Hubbard, Michael W; Danielson, Brent J; Schmitz, Richard A. “Factors influencing the location of deervehicle accidents in Iowa.” (July 2000) Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 64: no. 3. pp. 707-713. Hughes, Warren E.; Saremi, Reza A.; Paniati, Jeffrey F. “Vehicle-Animal Crashes: An Increasing Safety Problem.” August, 1996. ITE Journal, vol. 66: no. 8. pp 24-28. Noting a 69 percent increase in vehicle-animal crashes between 1985 and 1991, the FHWA conducted a study based on data from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS), tracking trends over time, injury severity, crash circumstances, location clustering, existing countermeasures. Recommendations include further research on more sophisticated roadway- or vehicle-based detection devices and operational testing of rural intelligent transportation system applications. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and the Highway Loss Data Institute. “Lots of approaches are under way to reduce deer collisions, but few have proven effective.” “Something that works: signs reduce deer hits.” Status Report, Vol. 39, No. 1, Jan. 3, 2004. http://www.hwysafety.org/srpdfs/sr3901.pdf Iowa Highway Safety Management System. “Reducing Vehicle-Animal Crashes.” CHAPTER 22, November 2001. http://www.iowasms.org/pdfs/toolbox/chapter22.pdf Johnson, K. “All creatures great and small: States work to reduce animal-related crashes.” Traffic Safety. Sept. 2001. Vol. 1; Issue 5; pp. 20-22. ISSN: 00410721 . As the deer population has grown, so has the number of animal-related crashes. Reported collisions with animals have risen 50% from 1999 to 2000. Federal officials are examining new prevention approaches, including European wildlife management methods and demonstration projects of microwave warning systems and undercrossings to steer wildlife to passages below the road. Other possibilities include fiberoptic gratings and seismic sensors. Knapp, K.K.; Yi, X; Oakasa, T. “Deer-vehicle crash countermeasures effectiveness research review. MidContinent Transportation Research Symposium, Ames, Iowa. 08/2003. 10 p. ISBN: 0965231062. A deer-vehicle crash (DVC) countermeasures toolbox is being developed by the Deer-Vehicle Crash Information Clearinghouse to summarize research and documents related to 16 different DVC countermeasures. The Clearinghouse is funded by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation, and four other states are also involved in the project. Some of the countermeasures research reviewed includes documents related to deer whistles, warning signs and technologies, and roadside reflectors. The objective of the toolbox is to provide sufficient information to transportation professionals to allow them to make reasonable and knowledgeable DVC countermeasure application choices and decisions. http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/pubs/midcon2003/KnappDeer.pdf

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Messmer, Terry A.; Hendricks, Curtis W.; Klimack, Paul W. “Modifying human behavior to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions using temporary signing.” Wildlife and Highways: Seeking Solutions to An Economic and Socioeconomic Dilemma, 7th Annual Meeting of The Wildlife Society. (2000) p.134. http://www.berrymaninstitute.org/PDF/wildlife and highways.PDF Premo, Dean B; Rogers, Elizabeth I. “Creating An Urban Deer-Vehicle Accident Management Plan Using Information From A Town's GIS Project.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation (2002). The Town of Amherst, NY, is an urban/suburban community near Buffalo that has experienced considerable development in the past 10 years (1991-2000). The mixture of residential, commercial, green space, and agricultural lands in Amherst results in ongoing conflicts between humans and deer. The most noticeable is that of increased deer-vehicle accidents, which, in the past 10 years, have ranged from a low of 298 to a high of 444 collisions per year. The town is unusual in that, since 1991, planners have been assembling data on land use patterns, locations of deer-vehicle collisions, and deer population estimates. These have been compiled into a GIS project that was used to guide the formulation of a deer-vehicle management plan and the State environmental review of that plan. To date, analysis of GIS data has demonstrated spatial and temporal patterns of deer accident "hot spots." It has also shed light on the likely proximate causes of those hot spots which include proximity to green space, speed and vehicle movement, and locations with new development. In addition, the State Department of Environmental Conservation has conducted regular aerial deer counts for several years. Analysis of these counts show the effects of the town's more concerted efforts at lethal control in 1994-96 that is also reflected in shifts in deer-vehicle accident "hot spots." A deer-vehicle accident adaptive management plan is being formulated that takes a multifaceted approach to the reduction of deer-vehicle accidents, including modification of driver behavior, modification of deer behavior (particularly movement), and periodic deer population control. The GIS project shows promise as a monitoring tool for continued implementation of the adaptive management plan. Sullivan, TL; Messmer, TA. “Perceptions of deer-vehicle collision management by state wildlife agency and department of transportation administrators.” (2003) Wildlife Society Bulletin, vol. 31: no. 1. pp. 163-173. Tracey, Thomas F. A program to reduce collisions with animals. Modoc County Road Department, Alturas CA. Performed for California Office of Traffic Safety under project RS0110. February 20, 2003. 14 pp. This report describes a project focused on significantly reducing the number of collisions involving vehicles and animals, primarily deer in Modoc County, California. The project objectives included installing deer whistles on at least 50% of the registered vehicles in the County by December 31, 2002 and analyzing collision data and compiling a report on the effectiveness of the different types of deer whistles. Although three different types of deer whistles were used the study is not able to infer about the effectiveness of the different types of whistles. The study concludes that from a statistical standpoint, deer whistles do work. Available from: Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, Inst Transp Studies Lib Refer to: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/ITSL/services.html West, Ben C.; Parkhurst, James A.; Scanlon, Pat F.; Knox, Matt W. “Vehicle/deer collisions in Virginia: Implications for management.” Wildlife and Highways: Seeking Solutions to An Economic and Socioeconomic Dilemma, 7th Annual Meeting of The Wildlife Society. (2000) p.22. http://www.berrymaninstitute.org/PDF/wildlife and highways.PDF Van-Riper, R.S., G. Dumont, G. Audibert, D. Brunell, S. Landry, G. Costello, S. Hunnewell, J. Stanley, N. Brodeur. “Wildlife/Motor Vehicle Collisions in Maine: Current Status and Mitigation Opportunities.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation. (2002) 35 pgs. From: Collisions Between Large Wildlife and Motor Vehicles in Maine, 2001 Interim Report, Maine Interagency work group on animal\vehicle collisions, Maine Dept. Of Transportation, Augusta, Maine. In 1998, an interagency work group was formed to address the issue of crashes between wildlife and motor vehicles. Members represent the Maine departments of Transportation, Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Public Safety, the Office of the Secretary of State, and the Maine Turnpike Authority. While the number of all other types of crashes are dropping, those with large wildlife species are increasing; over 14,900 have

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occurred from 1996 to 1998. This total is a low reflection of the actual number of crashes since data used were from official accident records only. Costs of vehicle/wildlife crashes were over $97 million and resulted in nine human fatalities during 1996 though 1998. In order to focus its efforts on workable mitigation methods, the group performed a literature search on crashes and existing mitigative technologies. Results of the search showed that a range of methods have been implemented. Most have had limited success, and there was an overall lack of statistically rigorous monitoring to evaluate the efficiency of the method(s). All records of collisions between animals and vehicles were mapped statewide in relation to location and number. The 30 sites where 'high' numbers of crashes with moose occurred were visited. The visits were undertaken to determine if there were any evident similarities which could be addressed to reduce the number of crashes. Sites were evaluated in regard to potential solutions for specific sites, and for shared generalities between sites. No simple solutions were apparent. While most sites possessed wetland characteristics at or near the crash locations, no other similarities were noted. The group developed an extensive program of public education which included curricula for driver education, posters detailing information about and locations of moose and deer collisions throughout the state, newspaper articles, and is in the design stages of producing a brochure. Using funds provided by an Outdoor Heritage Fund Grant, the group partnered with Ursis, Inc., of Waterville, Maine, in creating a safety video entitled Hidden Dangers. Several public service announcements were also developed. Future efforts of the group include: compare high accident locations with proposed biennial and six-year Transportation Improvement plans; developing, implementing, and monitoring demonstration projects of selected mitigating methods; developing cost-benefit models for justification to implement mitigating techniques; collating and reviewing information on deer and bear accidents; monitoring location changes in high accident locations; and continuing to refine and expand the education/awareness program.

REDUCING ANIMAL-VEHICLE COLLISIONS RESEARCH IN PROGRESS Kent County Deer-Vehicle Accident Reduction Study: Addressing Deer-Vehicle Accidents With An Ecological Landscape GIS Approach Abstract: Deer-vehicle crashes in 1996 numbered over 68,000, showing an annual increase each of the past several years, according to Michigan State Police Crash Statistics. Kent County has had a consistently number of deer accidents than any other county in Michigan, with 2,223 in 1996. In order to ameliorate this growing problem, the Kent County Deer-Vehicle Accident Reduction Study was undertaken. This study represents action toward implementing recommendations delineated by a report prepared for Michigan Department of Transportation, Investigating Methods to Reduce Deer-Vehicle Accidents in Michigan. Start date: 1997/7/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 764006 Contract/Grant Number: ENV 1045 Total Dollars: 0 Project Manager: Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning Federal Highway Administration http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ 400 7th Street, SW Washington, DC 20590 USA Phone: (202) 202-2222 Principal Investigator: Hindeland, M. White Water Associates, Incorporated Kent County Road Commission USA Effectiveness of Big Game Highway Crossing Structures Abstract: An estimated 538,000 deer were involved in collisions with vehicles in 1991 according to a nationwide survey. In Utah, an average of 3, 115 mule deer are killed on highways annually. Auto

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insurance claims during 1992 averaged $1,200 per accident; it is higher now. The Federal Highway Administration places a monetary loss of $1.5 million on each human fatality. Approximately four people are killed in Utah each year in deer vehicle collisions. two recent studies have addressed deer-highway mortality in Utah. One analyzed mortality rates along newly constructed roads and the second evaluated the effectiveness of across-the-road deer crosswalk structures. These structures reduced deer mortality about 40%. Because of safety issues, it was thought that underpasses with deer fencing provided the 100% solution to the problem. Recently, in northern Utah, we documented over 55 deer killed in the winter of 1996-97 in areas with fencing and underpasses. Certainty is elusive in field situations. The goal of this study is to compare the relative effectiveness of the crosswalks versus underpasses. We will attempt to establish what constitutes baseline morality. We will also evaluate the effectiveness of earthen ramps that allow deer to escape from the road right-of-way. Because crosswalk structures are much less costly ($25,000-30,000) versus $750,000+ for constructing underpasses, our purpose is to establish what baseline mortality is under the two scenarios and to compare the relative effectiveness of each in an economic sense, as well as their contribution to reducing deer mortality. Start date: 1997/9/30 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 764081 Contract/Grant Number: ENV 1257 Total Dollars: 0 Project Manager: Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Logan, UT USA Bissonette, J. A. Principal Investigator: Bissonette, J.A. Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Logan, UT USA Assessment, Evaluation, and Possible Methods for Reducing Deer-Vehicle Accidents on Iowa Highways Abstract: The evaluation of landscape effects on deer-vehicle accidents may provide the Iowa Department of transportation (IDOT) with the ability to identify those areas along public roadways that have a higher probability of deer-motorist encounters. The ability to identify these high-risk areas would also provide IDOT with the information necessary to maximize the benefit of monetary expenditures designed to reduce deer-vehicle collisions and increase motorist safety. The information regarding deer-vehicle collisions obtained during this study may also benefit other states with landscape features and patterns similar to Iowa. Start date: 1998/3/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 763994 Contract/Grant Number: ENV 1256 Total Dollars: 0 Source Organization: Center for Transportation and the Environment Project Manager Center for Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Technology Iowa State University, Ames 2901 South Loop Drive, Suite 3100 Ames, IA 50010 USA Phone: (515) 294-8103 Fax: (515) 294-0467 Klaas, E. E. Principal Investigator Iowa State University Ames, IA USA Danielson, B. J.

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Deer-Vehicle Collision Clearinghouse (http://www.deercrash.com/) Abstract: This is multi-year multi-jurisdictional project funded by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation to develop a regional information clearinghouse about deer-vehicle crashes (DVCs). Vehicle, white-tailed deer, and crash data will be collected from Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. This project has a number of objectives, but will primarily evaluate and disseminate data and research results in the DVC area, suggest research gaps, provide information about DVC avoidance measures, and consider the methods used to collect data related to DVCs. A number of reports and a webpage will be produced as part of the project. Start date: 2003/7/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 821354 Contract/Grant Number: 0092-01-11 Total Dollars: 250000 Source Organization: Wisconsin Department of Transportation Date Added: 7/10/2002 Project Manager: Wisconsin Department of Transportation http://www.dot.state.wi.us/ 4802 Sheboygan Avenue Madison, WI 53707 USA Kinar, John Phone: (608) 266-1202 Email: [email protected] Principal Investigator: Knapp, Keith University of Wisconsin, Madison Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering MRUTC Madison, WI 53706 USA Phone: (608) 263-6314 Email: [email protected] Assessment of the Cost Effectiveness of Deer-Vehicle Collision Countermeasures Abstract: The objective of this research project is to develop a model for assessing the probability of deervehicle collisions based on roadway parameters and environmental descriptors. Review existing countermeasures for effectiveness. Generate a report detailing the experimental procedures, and recommending the most appropriate countermeasures for each location. Start date: 2002/4/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 929360 Contract/Grant Number: RE-0320-01 Total Dollars: 30000 Source Organization: Kansas Department of Transportation Project Manager: Kansas Department of Transportation http://www.ink.org/public/kdot/ State Office Building, 2300 Van Buren Street Topeka, KS 66612 USA Phone: (785) 296-3585 Church, David Phone: (785) 296-3618 Principal Investigator: Meyer, Eric University of Kansas, Lawrence http://www.ku.edu/ 1530 West 15th Street

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Lawrence, KS 66045 USA Phone: (785) 864-2700 Email: [email protected] Assessment of the Cost-Effectiveness of Deer-Vehicle Collision Countermeasures, Phase II Abstract: The goal of this project is to use the results of Phase I (KDOT Project RE-0320-01) to help identify and evaluate candidate countermeasures with respect to their effectiveness, and to make recommendations. Start date: 2003/5/1 End date: 2004/4/30 Status: Active Contract/Grant Number: RE-0347-01 Secondary Number: KU-04-4 Total Dollars: 35000 Source Organization: Kansas Department of Transportation Date Added: 5/8/2003 Project Manager Kansas Department of Transportation http://www.ink.org/public/kdot/ State Office Building, 2300 Van Buren Street Topeka, KS 66612 USA Phone: (785) 296-3585 Church, David Phone: (785) 296-3618 Principal Investigator: Meyer, Eric University of Kansas http://www.ku.edu/ Department of Civil Engineering, 2006 Learned Hall Lawrence, KS 66045-2225 USA Phone: (785) 864-2700 Email: [email protected] Improving Traffic Safety and Resource Protection (aka, Habitat Connectivity Analysis) Abstract: Collisions with large animals, such as deer and elk, are one of the biggest safety issues faced by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) today. More than 3,000 collisions with deer were reported on WSDOT facilities in 1994, with an estimated cost of from $6 to $12 million in damages. This study, in partnership with the U.S. Forest Service, will produce a methodology to characterize improved crossings and to correct current problems in the I-90 Snoqualmie Pass corridor. Start date: 1998/2/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 764094 Contract/Grant Number: ENV 1091 Total Dollars: 0 Date Added: 7/10/2002 Project Manager Washington State Department of Transportation http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ppsc/research Transportation Building, KF-01 Olympia, WA 98504-5201 USA Phone: (360) 705-7971 Fax: (360) 705-6911 Carey, Marion Phone: (360) 705-7404 Principal Investigator

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Forest Service Independence Avenue, Between 12th and 14th Streets, NW Washington, DC 20250 USA Lemkuhl, John F.

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORT Chen, S.Y.; Biwer, B.M.; Monette, F.A.; Luna, R.; Weiner, R.; Yoshimura, R.; Detrick, C.; Dunn, T.; Maheras, S.; Bhatnagar, S.; Kapoor, A.K. “Resource handbook on transport risk assessment.” International Journal of Radioactive Materials Transport. Vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 29-38. 2003. ISSN: 0957-476X. Abstract: The US Department of Energy's (DOE's) National Transportation Program established the DOE Transportation Risk Assessment Working Group (TRAWG) to develop the Resource Handbook on DOE Transportation Risk Assessment, published in July 2002. The working group is comprised of technical experts representing DOE national laboratories, the DOE Naval Reactors Program, and DOE contractors. The motivation behind preparing this handbook was to document and disseminate lessons learned and information accumulated from more than 20 years of experience by DOE and its contractors in preparing transport risk assessments that address the shipment of virtually all types of radioactive materials and wastes. The handbook is intended to serve as a primary source of information on conducting transport risk assessments for shipments of radioactive materials or wastes under both normal and accident conditions. The paper provides an overview of the information contained in the handbook. It should be recognised that development of radioactive materials transport risk assessment is an ongoing process, and that the analysis methods are regularly improved. The Resource Handbook on DOE Transportation Risk Assessment appears on the Web at www.ntp.doe.gov/transrisk_handbook.pdf Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. State Hazardous Materials Compliance Effectiveness Study Final Document. http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safetyprogs/hm/hazmat_es_finaldoc.htm (Last modified: December 2003). The FMCSA State HM Program Model GuideBook, A GUIDE FOR BUILDING A MODEL STATE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS PROGRAM, January 2004. The State Hazardous Materials Compliance Effectiveness Study (February 14, 2003) project reviewed State hazardous materials (HM) transportation compliance programs to identify exemplary initiatives and programs that could serve as models for other States to consider. The study was conducted on behalf of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) Hazardous Materials Division by the Battelle Memorial Institute in collaboration with the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safetyprogs/hm/state_hm_guidebook.htm Kujat, J.D. “Fleet Safety Made Easy - A Simplified Guide to Compliance and Accident Prevention.” GOVERNMENT INSTITUTES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850-3226 (USA). 175 pp. Apr. 2001. ISBN: 086587719X. Abstract: Written for safety managers of both large and small fleets of vehicles, this complete guide shows you how to identify and understand your three key responsibilities as a safety manager: Prevent accidents that result in death or injury; Protect your company's property against potential loss; Comply with the requirements of Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations. In addition, you'll appreciate the inclusion of relevant motor-carrier-safety regulations presented in easy-to-use checklists, simplifying the confusing task of compliance. You will also find regulatory guidelines for fulfilling the following tasks: operating commercial motor vehicles, transporting hazardous materials, obtaining commercial driver's licenses, meeting commercial driver's qualifications, and understanding the testing for alcohol and controlled substances. Martinez-Alegria, R.; Ordonez, C.; Taboada, J. “A Conceptual Model for Analyzing the Risks Involved in the Transportation of Hazardous Goods: Implementation in a Geographic Information System.” Human and Ecological Risk Assessment. Vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 857-873. Apr 2003. ISSN: 1080-7039.

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Abstract: The transportation of hazardous goods by road implies a risk for both humans and the environment, in that an accident involving a vehicle transporting this kind of material may cause extensive material and environmental damage and might even endanger lives. For this reason, both public and private entities (e.g., insurance companies) have a growing interest in studies that assess the risks associated with hazardous goods transportation. This article describes a method for calculating these risks. The risk is determined on the basis of a calculation of the probability of the occurrence of an accident and the gravity of the damage, which is in turn a function of the potential damage inherent in the goods being transported taken with the vulnerability of the environmental medium in which the accident takes place. The mathematical model proposed is easily implemented in a geographical information system that will produce risk maps delimiting the more potentially conflictive stretches of roadway. USDOT. Hazardous Materials Serious Crash Analysis: First Phase Final Report. Prepared for: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. February 2003. http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safetyprogs/hm/index.htm Wilks, Neil. “Deadly serious on safety.” Environmental Engineering. Vol. 13, no. 2, 3 pp. Jun 2000. ISSN: 0954-5824. Abstract: The radioactive wastes disposable of nuclear power plants is a major problem. The life of nuclear reactors is about four years after which it needs to be reprocessed using a number of chemical processes. Dealing with radioactive material has to be done precisely. This radioactive waste transportation is done using railroads and ships. Mishandling of these wastes can lead to environmental problems.

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORT RESEARCH IN PROGRESS Geographic Information Systems for Water Resource Risk Assessment Abstract: Transportation of hazardous material or potential environmental contaminants presents the potential for spills or accidental releases to surface or groundwater resources. The use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) to locate transportation routes as well as springs, wells, and surface water bodies offers the opportunity for tracking and monitoring the effects of accidental releases from transported waste in the case of an overturned truck or railcar. Current GIS programming will be expanded as part of this project to include transportation routes, surface water bodies, wells, and springs in the four-county area of Washington, Benton, Madison, and Carol counties in northwest Arkansas. The programming will include a feature to allow the user to either "point and click" on a location using a mouse, or to input Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates of the point of interest. the program will then draw a radius of a distance specified by the user and locate all of the mapped wells, springs, and surface water bodies within that radius. Start date: 1998/1/1 Status: Active TRB Accession Number: 764003 Contract/Grant Number: ENV 1060 Total Dollars: 0 Source Organization: Center for Transportation and the Environment Date Added: 7/10/2002 Project Manager Mack-Blackwell National Rural Transportation Study Principal Investigator University of Arkansas, Little Rock 33rd and University Street Little Rock, AR 72204 Gross, M. A.

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