Environmental Product Declaration Korsnäs Light This declaration has been compiled by: IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd.
Environmental Product Declaration
Korsnäs Light
Korsnäs Light is XXXX XX XX XXXX
Korsnäs AB
PO Box SE- Sweden Corporate identity number: Contact: XX tel. +46, xx@korsnäs.se For further information visit www.korsnas.com
This is an Environmental Product Declaration of Korsnäs Light, registered in the International EPD System (www.environdec.com). The declaration has been developed based on the results of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the Product Category Rules for Processed paper and paperboard (PCR 3214). The results are divided into Upstream (raw material, energy and packaging production), Core (pulp and paperboard production) and Downstream (transport to an average European customer and waste management) processes.
Manufacturer
Korsnäs AB is one of northern Europe’s leading manufacturers of XX. Korsnäs AB was established in XX in XX. Today we are established in XX, XX and XX, in addition to Sweden. Korsnäs manufacturing plant in XX is certified in accordance with ISO XX and ISO XX.
Functional Unit One tonne of product at an average consumer in Europe
This is an Environmental Product Declaration for Korsnäs Light, registered in the International EPD System Validity of the EPD (www.environdec.com). The has been based onthe theEPD results a Life Assessment Thedeclaration geographical area anddeveloped the time during which is validofshall be Cycle reported in the EPD. EPDs from different programmes may not comparable.(PCR 3214). (LCA) and the Product Category Rules for Processed paper andbepaperboard Information and data given in this EPD can be used as upstream data by a customer who will perform a new EPD within the system boundaries given in a related PCR.
contact Agneta Rognli, Manager, Business Communication phone +46 (0)26 15 10 00
[email protected] For further information visit www.korsnas.com
korsnäs AB Korsnäs AB is one of the world’s leading producers of virgin fibre-based packaging material, primarily for consumer products. Production is conducted at the production sites in Gävle, Frövi and Rockhammar, all in Sweden. Production capacity amounts to 1.1 million tonnes of cartonboard and paper annually, with integrated pulp production. The range of products includes Liquid Packaging Board, Cartonboard, White Top Kraftliners and Sack- and Kraftpaper. The fibre content in Korsnäs’ packaging material is based on 100% renewable fibres. Korsnäs’
operations have an impact on the environment through forestry management, use of resources like energy, chemicals, water and air, and emissions to water and air. Korsnäs’ industrial operations are fully certified in accordance with • ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004, Quality and environment management • FSC CoC/CW and PEFC CoC, FSC and PEFC Forest management • SS 627750, Ed 1, Energy management • BRC/IOP, Hygiene management
declaration of contents
clay coating for excellent printing results bleached fibres for excellent printing results and smoothness strong unbleached fibres and ctmp for maximum designability, grip stiffness and moisture resistance strong unbleached fibres for packaging material optimisation
korsnäs light Korsnäs Light is a light and strong coated cartonboard made out of 100% virgin fibres (coated on the top side). It has high compression strength, bending stiffness and moisture resistance, and meets all purity and hygiene requirements. It does not transfer any smell or taste to its contents. The printing surface is smooth and fine, reproducing
*gsm = g/m2
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demanding print images with appealing results. Korsnäs Light is very well suited for fashion applications as well as dry, chilled and frozen food. Korsnäs Light is available in grammages from 250 gsm* to 330 gsm. Korsnäs Light is produced at the mill in Frövi.
System boundaries The international EPD system is based on a hierarchic approach based on the international standards: • ISO 9001, Quality management system • ISO 14001, Environmental management system • ISO 14044, LCA – Requirements and guidelines • ISO 14025, Type III environmental declarations The systems are divided into three life cycle phases: Upstream: Forestry, production of fertilisers, production of energy wares, production of chemicals,
auxiliary products and other raw materials, production of transport packaging. Core: Transportation of all materials (including wood) to the core processes, production of pulp, production of paper and paperboard, cutting and packing of the products and treatment of waste generated from the production processes. Downstream: Distribution of the product and waste management of transport packaging.
Upstream module
Plans, energy wares, fertilisation
Raw material
Raw material
Transport
Transport
Transport
Forestry
Energy wares
Other products and raw material
Transport packaging
Transport
Transport
Transport
Transport
Core module
Transport
Waste management of production wastes
Average converter (not included)
Transport
Waste management of transport packaging
Use of final product (not included)
Transport
Waste management of final product (not included)
Pulp, paper and board production, coating, cutting etc
Downstream module
Transport
Data included data not included
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Environmental Performance The environmental impact of three selected grammages representing a low, medium and high grammage within the product range are presented in the table below. The declared unit is one tonne (1000 kg) of the product delivered at the gate of an average converter/customer in Europe. As additional
information, the environmental impact is stated also per 1000 m2. The carbon footprint (greenhouse gas emissions over the life cycle) is presented in the following diagram as global warming potential 100 years (GWP100) in kg CO2 equivalents per tonne product.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions korsnäs light 290 gsm kg CO2e/tonne
upstream
700 600
core
500 400 300
downstream
200 100
total
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Environmental Impact Korsnäs Light Upstream Core Downstream Total Total korsnäs Light 250 gsm kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/1000 m2
Global warming CO2 eq.
240
120
58
420
110
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.2
1.0
0.11
2.4
0.60
Eutrophication PO43- eq.
0.19
0.37
0.023
0.59
0.15
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.3E-05
3.2E-08
1.3E-06
1.4E-05
3.5E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.21
0.030
0.017
0.26
0.065
korsnäs Light 290 gsm
Global warming CO2 eq.
230
120
58
410
120
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.2
1.0
0.11
2.3
0.67 0.17
Eutrophication PO43- eq.
0.19
0.37
0.023
0.58
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.2E-05
3.1E-08
1.3E-06
1.4E-05
4.1E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.20
0.029
0.017
0.25
0.073
korsnäs Light 330 gsm
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Global warming CO2 eq.
220
120
58
400
130
Acidification SO2 eq.
1.1
1.0
0.11
2.2
0.73
Eutrophication PO43- eq.
0.18
0.36
0.023
0.56
0.18
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq.
1.2E-05
3.0E-08
1.3E-06
1.3E-05
4.3E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C2H4 eq.
0.19
0.027
0.017
0.23
0.076
use of resources The following table presents the total resources used for production and distribution of three selected grammages representing a low, medium and high grammage within the product range. Additional information on the use of resources split into the upstream, core and downstream phases is available on request. Natural material resources, renewable
korsnäs Light 250
Biomass
3.2 3.2 3.1 m3 s.u.b/tonne
korsnäs Light 290
korsnäs Light 330
unit
Natural material resources, non-renewable
Limestone (calcium carbonate)
86
79
73
kg/tonne
Inert rock
51
48
45
kg/tonne
Kaolinite (24% in ore as mined)
45
39
33
kg/tonne
Sodium chloride (rock salt)
29
29
27
kg/tonne
Gravel
12
12
12
kg/tonne
Natural Aggregate
15
15
15
kg/tonne
Other
20
19
18
kg/tonne
Energy resources, renewable
Energy, biomass
5300
5200
5200
MJ/tonne
Energy, hydropower
1400
1400
1300
MJ/tonne
Other
77
76
72
MJ/tonne
Energy resources, non-renewable
Nuclear energy, Uranium
5100
5100
4900
MJ/tonne
Crude oil
3700
3600
3500
MJ/tonne
Natural gas
2200
2100
2000
MJ/tonne
Hard coal
730
710
680
MJ/tonne
Other*
390
380
370
MJ/tonne
*Other resources include the resources used in lower amounts than by 5% of the total.
Other Indicators The electricity consumption and waste over the life cycle are specified in the tables below. Indicator, input
korsnäs Light 250
korsnäs Light 290
korsnäs Light 330
unit
Electricity consumption at manufacturing*
770
730
700
kWh/tonne
Water use at manufacturing
51
50
50
m3/tonne
Material subject for recycling
38
38
38
kg/tonne
Hazardous waste
0.055
0.054
0.051
kg/tonne
Other waste
180
180
170
kg/tonne
Indicator, output
*Electricity use is also presented as “Energy resources” above.
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Additional Environmental Information: Potential Environmental gain Waste minimisation All Korsnäs products are based on virgin fibres with high strength properties enabling packaging weight to be reduced. Recyclability and recovery Korsnäs Light is recoverable through material recycling and energy recovery in accordance with the material requirements stipulated in EN 13430:2004 and EN 13431:2004. Waste handling All
board and paper products produced by Korsnäs meet the targets specified in the EU’s waste management hierarchy within the EU Waste Framework Directive (2006/12/EC) as well as the essential requirements of the EU Packaging Waste Directive 94/62/EC.
Biodegradable Korsnäs products are based on pulp consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose and some lignin which will be degraded by microorganisms in nature. The decomposition time required depends on several factors such as temperature, humidity, pH and microbiological activity.
Uptake of carbon dioxide in growing forests
Carbon stocks are increasing in Swedish forest ecosystems, mainly in the living biomass, due to the fact that the forest growth rate is higher than the harvest rate. The high growth rate is a result of efficient and sustainable forest management. The long-term forest management is to a large extent driven by the demand for round wood from the forest industry. The net sequestration (removal) of biogenic carbon dioxide is calculated based on the share of the net growth of the photosynthesis that is allocated to the board. Future scenarios for harvest rates in Sweden over the next 20 years conclude that the harvest rate will remain significantly lower than the growth rate. Note that that the system boundary settings used to calculate the net sequestration (removal) of biogenic carbon dioxide represent forest management and therefore differ from the product related boundary settings used elsewhere in the EPD.
korsnäs light 250
korsnäs Light 290
korsnäs Light 330
Unit
Net sequestration (removal) of biogenic CO2 in forests
-2600
-2600
-2600
kg CO2e/tonne
Detailed environmental information Below follows a list of detailed emission parameters, some of which are already accounted for in the environmental impacts presented above. More detailed information is available on request. Emissions to air*
korsnäs light 250 korsnäs Light 290 korsnäs Light 330 kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne
Carbon dioxide, CO2 fossil
390
NOx as NO2 2.2
380
370
2.1
2.1
Sulphur dioxide, SO2 1.2 1.2 1.1 Emissions to water*
COD
7.7
7.7
7.4
Phosphorus as P
0.0073
0.0072
0.007 0.17
Nitrogen as N
0.18
0.18
Suspended solids
2.4
2.3
2.3
AOX
0.0026
0.0026
0.0025
Emissions to air*
korsnäs Light 250 kg/1000 m2
korsnäs Light 290 kg/1000 m2
korsnäs Light 330 kg/1000 m2
Carbon dioxide, CO2 fossil
97
110
120
NOx as NO2
0.55
0.62
0.68
Sulphur dioxide, SO2
0.31
0.35
0.37
Emissions to water*
COD
1.9
2.2
2.4
Phosphorus as P
0.0018
0.0021
0.0023
Nitrogen as N
0.046
0.053
0.058
Suspended solids
0.59
0.68
0.75
AOX
0.00065
0.00074
0.00084
*The environmental impact of these emissions is already presented under environmental impact above.
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Korsnäs climate programme Korsnäs is actively pursuing improvements to minimise the environmental impact. Through an extensive climate programme, Korsnäs has made and will continue to make major investments in resource optimisation in order to reduce the need for fossil fuels. Investments presently implemented or planned are: • New evaporation plant in Gävle (2010) • E xchange of fossil fuel in lime kiln to biofuel in Frövi (2010) • Increase cooperation with the municipality of Lindesberg for local heating (2011) • A joint venture with Gävle municipality for a new bioenergy plant to provide district heating (2012)
References Eriksson, E., Karlsson, P-E., Hallberg, L., Jelse, K., Carbon Footprints of Cartons in Europe – Carbon Footprint Methodology and biogenic carbon sequestration, IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, B1924, 2010 Jelse K. & Palm D., 2010, Life cycle assessment of Korsnäs virgin fibre-based packaging materials. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
definitions Upstream processes Forestry and production of raw materials and chemicals.
Production at the board and paper mill including transportation of all materials (including wood) to the mill.
Core processes
Distribution of the product to an average customer in Frankfurt and waste management of transport packaging.
Downstream processes
Global warming potential Global
warming is caused by increases in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other Greenhouse gases that absorb and reflect heat. The global warming potential (GWP) is declared as CO2 equivalents. Acidification Decrease of the pH value in terrestrial and water systems.
Photochemical oxidant formation Hydrocarbons
and volatile organic carbons (VOCs) contribute to ground level ozone formation, which has toxic effects on humans and vegetation.
Hazardous waste Wastes such as sludge, mud, chemical waste, used oil, soot and radioactive waste from the production of nuclear power are classified as hazardous. PCR Product
Category Rules specify Environmental Product Declaration requirements for a specified sector or product category, see www.environdec.com
Water use The
total amount of water used for cooling and the production process at the board and paper mill.
Net sequestration of biogenic CO2 in forests In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is removed and stored in the growing biomass. In Sweden, the forest growth rate is higher than the harvest rate, and the net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere is here allocated to the harvested timber. The high growth rate is a result of efficient and sustainable forest management.
verifications EPD Programme: The International EPD® System Note: EPDs from different programs may not be comparable Registration no: S-P-00247 Date of publication: 2011-03-15 Validity: 2013-12-31 Valid within the following geographical area: Europe Data reference year: Production of pulp and paper/ board–2008 Production of CTMP–2009 PCR review conducted by: The technical committee of the International EPD System, PCR moderator: Kristian Jelse PCR: Product category rules for processed paper and paperboard (CPC 3214), Version 2010-07-07, Swedish Environmental Management Council. Independent verification of the data, according to ISO14025: 2010-12-07 Accredited or approved by: Det Norske Veritas (DNV) For more information: www.environdec.com
Eutrophication Eutrophication
is the disturbance of the nutritional balance in the soil and waters due to an added amount of nutrition. In aquatic systems, this leads to increased production of biomass, which may lead to oxygen deficiency and fewer living organisms.
Ozone depletion Substances such as freon that deplete the protective ozone layer in the stratosphere.
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1205en
Korsnäs AB SE-801 81 Gävle Sweden www.korsnas.com
