CEA activities in the field of bioenergy C. Dupont CIBSCOL – 04/06/12
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
What is CEA? • Atomic Energy and Alternative Energy Commission • French public research centre • 16 000 people on 9 sites
Civil centre Militarian centre
• Three main fields: – Defence and Global Security – Information and Health Technology – Decarbonised Energy: Ä Nuclear Energy Ä New Technology of Energy Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
New Technology of Energy in CEA Electric Transports Electricity Batteries Fuel Cells Hybridation
~ 1000 people
Solar Energy & Buildings
Large surface Electronics
Solar energy Solar PV, CSP,CPV Electrical Systems Energy Efficiency
Nanomaterials µ-sources Energy Recovery Organic Electronics
Biomass & Hydrogen Solid Storage H2 Production H2 Storage Uses
Laboratory of Technology of Biomass 2000
2005
démarrage Start 5 personnes 5 people
2010
2013
2015
25 30personnes people 40 people
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Laboratory of Technology of Biomass What is the objective? To develop innovative processes of biomass thermal conversion v Feedstock: dry biomass (forestry, agricultural), wet biomass, µ-algae… v Process: gasification, combustion, pyrolysis, hydrothermal conversion… v Products: liquid fuel (BtL), gaseous fuel (SNG), heat and power, chemicals…
R&D CEA
Biomass Syngas (H2, CO) Collection
Pretreatment
Gasification
Posttreatment
Synthesis
Liquid or gaseous fuel
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The main R&D issues in biomass gasification process Individual process steps well-established for coal Process integration Ã
Ä Application to biomasseS
• Energy: process yield – efficiency of each step – Energy integration of each step • Technology: – Reactor choice vs application (innovative degree) – Solutions to technical problems Ä Injection of pulverised biomass Ä Gas cleaning Ä Corrosion… • Chemistry: – Better control of chemical reactions Ä Feedstock variability Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The R&D approach Industry implementation Process development Technology development Basic research Understanding
Design
Assessment
Modelling and experiments Particle scale
Modelling and experiments Reactor scale
Process simulation
convection convection convection
Phénomène physique matière Phénomène physique énergie Phénomène physico-chimique
Paroi
réactions chimiques HOMOGENES entre gaz
rayonnement
diffusion adsorption désorption
HETEROGENES gaz-solide
Economic and environmental assessment Demonstration scale Industrial scale eau_shift fumées_comb
rayonnement
condensables étage HT
shift
conduction
rayonnement
Gas & particles combusteur
rayonnement
air_c o m b
convection
réactions chimiques
convection convection Parti cule
gazéifieur
Xi, mp , Tp, …
H2
conduction
Parti cule
rétrécissement
Xi, mp, Tp, …
eau_FT
hydrocraqueur biomasse
convection
Implementation
Fischer -Tropsch air_TAG
eau_gazéif
C H4 _TAG lourds
gaz
légers gazole
fumées_TAG
H 2 O, CO 2
Turbine è gaz
Xi, mp , Tp, …
Xi, mp , Tp, …
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The main experimental units CEA Grenoble - LTB
Demonstration units
Entrained Flow Reactor
Synthesis Post-treatement
ANACONDA TGADSC
APHRODITE
BioTfueL
GIROFLE
Raw wood dryer (rotary kiln)
Dry wood hopper
CENTORRE
TORNADE
Cyclone
Nat gas
AMBROISIE
Pretreatment
Torrefaction gases: to post - combustion of
Oxygen
Carriergaz
Cooled endless screw To the grinder ‘s feed hopper
Synthesis
Fluidized Bed PARASOL TGAGCMS
Gasification
Dry wood silo
PYRATES
Post-treatment
PEGASE
Gasification
GAYA
LFHT
Pretreatment 1mg/h
1g/h
1kg/h
50 kg/h
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
200kg/h
3t/h
Biomass flowrate 7
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Collaborative projects CEA Grenoble - LTB
GALACSY AMAZON
Entrained Flow Reactor
ANABIO
BIOMAP Inorganiques
Plat-forms, demonstration units
EPURGAZ SLUGAS THERMOCAPT
CINE-HT
GFC
Post-treatment BioTFuel
RECO2
Liqhyd TORBIGAP INVERTO VEGAZ
Synthesis
Fluidised Bed
Post-treatment GFC
AMAZON
Gasification
GAYA EC2
PreCond 1g/h
Gasification Pretreatment
EC2
EPURGAZ THERMOCAPT
ANAPUR
1mg/h
Synthesis
1kg/h
50 kg/h
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
Pretreatment 500kg/h
3t/h
Biomass flow rate 8
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The EC2 project
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The EC2 project w Europe-China Clean Energy Centre w Promoted by European Commission, National Energy Administration (PRC), Ministry of Commerce (PRC) w 2010-2015 w Total budget: € 12.4 M w 14 partners
w Objective: To support Chinese Government’s efforts to shape a more sustainable, environment-friendly and efficient energy sector through access to European policies, regulatory frameworks, technologies, relevant know-how and best practices Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
EC2 activities
5 focus areas…
…and 3 main activities: 1. Technological Platform for EU-China cooperation on clean energies 2. Policy Advisory and Capacity Building 3. Awareness Raising (project results and updates on focus areas) Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The study on bioenergy sector in China w Objective: To assess the potential and constraints of the bioenergy sector in China w Based on literature data and experts knowledge Biomass type
Potential (Mtons)
Agricultural by-products
789
Plant resources
~240
Manure (dry)
232
Forestry residues
12-50
Domestic waste
15
Total biomass potential: ~1300 Mtons
Huge potential!
w Still mostly used as in developing countries: cooking in rural areas w But also more advanced applications now: – Biogas already largely developed at small scale – Interest for SNG by gasification w Needs for the future: – To increase the R&D effort on technology – To get a global policy with emphasis on environmental aspects Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The AMAZON project
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
13
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The context Lignocellulosic Biomass Syngas (H2, CO) Collection
Pretreatment
Gasification
Posttreatment
Synthesis
•Liquid fuel (Diesel FischerTropsch, methanol) • Gaseous fuel (SNG, H2)
Feedstock / process interface
High feedstock variability Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
Crucial issue for process industrialization! ÄSuitability feedstock / process? 14
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The AMAZON project Transnational project (France / Brasil) funded by
Feedstock
Suitability feedstock / gasification for biofuels application
Process
Ø Biomass selection and characterization (ash, LHV, elements…) Ø Tests in lab-scale devices and pilots Ø Improvement of suitability feedstock/process Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Biomasses… Maçaranduba Faveira
Beech Pine Short Rotation Forestry Eucalyptus
Angelim Wheat Straw
Short Rotation Coppice Eucalyptus
Triticale
Short Rotation Forestry Poplar
Tall Fescue Switchgrass Miscanthus Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
Short Rotation Coppice Poplar (3) Short Rotation Coppice False Acacia 16
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
…To be processed Biomass 1
Biomass 2
Biomass n
Feedstock
Characterization Characterized biomass Mechanical pretreatment
Thermal pretreatment Torrefaction
Torrefaction
Pelletization
Pretreatment
Cyclones Freeboard
Biomass
Fast pyrolysis
storage Biomass screw feeder
Gaspreheater (500°C)
Fluid bed
Grinding
Char
Condensation train (20 quenching column + electrostatic precipitator
Pretreated biomass Gasification
Gasification in fluidized bed
Gasification in Entrained Flow Reactor
Synthetic Natural Gas
Synthetic Diesel (BtL)
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
Gasification 17
1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Main conclusions From resource side: wHigh variability of physico-chemical properties – Ash content – Inorganic elements w3 main families: Mature wood / Perennial crops and SRF-SRC / Other agricultural biomasses
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Main conclusions From resource side: wHigh variability of physico-chemical properties – Ash content – Inorganic elements w3 main families: Mature wood / Perennial crops and SRF-SRC / Other agricultural biomasses From process side: wDifferences of behaviour (kinetics, yields)
X 30
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Main conclusions From resource side: wHigh variability of physico-chemical properties – Ash content – Inorganic elements w3 main families: Mature wood / Perennial crops and SRF-SRC / Other agricultural biomasses From process side: wDifferences of behaviour (kinetics, yields) wInfluential properties vary with process steps: Torrefaction Gasification Cellulose, Hemicelluloses, Lignin Inorganic elements (Ca, K, Si) Hardwood
Agricultural by-products
Softwood, Short Rotation Forestry / Coppice and perennial crops
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
Risk of agglomeration
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
Main conclusions From resource side: wHigh variability of physico-chemical properties – Ash content – Inorganic elements w3 main families: Mature wood / Perennial crops and SRF-SRC / Other agricultural biomasses From process side: wDifferences of behaviour (kinetics, yields) wInfluential properties vary with process steps: Torrefaction Gasification Cellulose, Hemicelluloses, Lignin Inorganic elements (Ca, K, Si) Suitability feedstock/process? wRelatively good Most biomasses successfully treated with similar (H2, CO) yields wAgricultural biomass more difficult due to inorganic elements composition Use of biomass mixtures Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The demonstration projects
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The Gaya project • Objective: – To develop the industrial production of biomethane from 2015: Ä Used as biofuel or gaseous product Ä Conveyed through the existing gas network
– To ensure a sustainable recovery of biomass in the best social and environmental conditions. • Partnership:
• Funding ~ 50 M€ (partly by ADEME)
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
The BioTfueL project • Objective: To develop in the years 2015 conversion processes of lignocellulosic biomass/ fossil fuels to liquid fuels (Diesel, jet fuel). • Partnership:
• Funding ~110 M€ (partly by ADEME)
Torrefaction
Gasifier
WGS
AGR
FT Lab o FT
3 t/h
15 MWth
Sofiproteol Compiègne
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
200-1000 Nm3 /h
≈l
Total RM France
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1. CEA activities
2. EC2 project
3. AMAZON project
4. Demonstration projects
International collaborations? VTT TKE ECN KIT TUV Cornell University
CMIC Tsinghua University
UIS
Arcelor-Mittal, Bioware, Embrapa, LPF, UFPA Chile?
Workshop Euroclima Chili – March, 13th 2013
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If you have any questions or want more details, please contact:
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