Adfyfyrio Dr Elsie C Reynolds

Nod Trafod y cysyniad o adfyfyrio fel dull dysgu Amcanion: • Trafod cysyniad a phwpas adfyfyrio; modelau adfyfyrio; lefelau adfyfyrio. • Dadansoddi egwyddorion adfyfyrio. • Adnabod dull i sicrhau adfyfyrio ystyrlon • Defnyddio dull addas i fyfyrio ar ddigwyddiad

Aim Discuss the concept of reflection as a learning strategy Objectives • Discuss the concept and purposes of reflection; models of reflection; levels of reflection. • Analyse the principles of reflective practice • Identify a method which ensures meaningful reflection • Use an appropriate method to reflect on a critical incident

Pwysigrwydd deall y cysyniad: • Deall beth a olygir wrth adfyfyrio. • Pam mae adfyfyrio yn cael ei ddefnyddio ar gyfer datblygiad proffesiynol parhaus • Y ffordd y defnyddir adfyfyriad mewn asesiad dysgu

The importance of understanding the concept: • Understand what is meant by reflection. • Why is reflection used for continuous professional development • How reflection is used in the assessment of learning

• Dysgu oddi wrth neu fel canlyniad i’r broses • Yn ystod y broses neu wedi’r broses • Nid cofnod / dyddiadur o ddigwyddiadau

• Learning from, or from the result of, a process • Learning during or after the process • Not an events diary or record

Gweithgaredd 1

Activity 1

Trafodwch y gwahanol ddulliau y gellid eu defnyddio i annog ysgrifennu adfyfyriol.

Discuss the different methods which can be used to encourage reflective writing.

e.e. cwestiynau

e.g. questions

Gweithgaredd 1 Ysgrifennu llythyron – nid i’w postio Penderfyniadau bywyd (beth os...) Dysgu oddi wrth ddigwyddiad negyddol emosiynol Canolbwyntio ar ymddygiad Dwdl Map o fywyd / llinellau amser Eich hunan fel coeden Cartwnau Ffrindiau beirniadol Datrys problemau Dadansoddi digwyddiad argyfyngus Sefyllfaoedd ymarferol Darlun Newid barn Dadansoddiad SWOT/PESTLE

Activity 1 Writing letters not to be posted Life decisions (what if ...) Learning from an emotionally negative event Focus on behaviour Doodle Roadmap of life / Timelines e.g. Yourself as a tree Cartoons Critical Friends Problem solving Critical incidents analysis Situations in practice Portraits Altered points of view SWOT / PESTLE analysis e.g.

Cymerwch thema Defnyddiwch gwestiynau Camau Mapio cysyniadau Cynrychiolaeth graffeg Jwrnal rhydd Cymerwch frawddeg Ysgrifennu nodiadau dyddiol Myfyrio ar ddysgu / ar yr ysgrifennu / ar yr adfyfyriad Log cyfnod Deialog Gwahanol bersbectifau ‘Currere’ Haenau lluosog o adfyfyrio

Take a theme Use questions Stepping Stones / Footsteps Concept mapping e.g. Graphic representation Free flow journal Take a sentence Write daily notes Reflect on learning / reflect on the writing / reflect on the reflection Period log Dialogues Different perspectives Currere Multiple layers of reflection

Arddangos meistrolaeth dros faes cymhleth ac arbenigol o wybodaeth a sgiliau; defnyddio sgiliau uwch i gynnal ymchwil, neu weithgaredd technegol neu broffesiynol uwch; derbyn atebolrwydd dros wneud penderfyniadau perthnasol gan gynnwys y defnydd o oruchwyliaeth a, dan amgylchiadau addas, cynghori eraill.

Critical incidents journal - record a critical incident ... The critical incident refers to events in which a decision was made, a conflict occurred, a problem resolved. The critical incident journal provides a systematic way to communicate problems and challenges involved in working with and can thus help in dealing with the affective dimensions of the service experience.

Addasrwydd?

Appropriateness?

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Dysgu drwy ddatrys problemau Unrhyw ddisgyblaeth Dull dysgu/asesu amgen Ysgrifennu dros gyfnod o amser Canolbwyntio ar faterion cyfredol

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Problem based learning Any discipline Alternative assessment / learning method Written over a period of time Focus on ongoing issues

• Sut mae e’n gwahaniaethu oddi wrth ddulliau mwy traddodiadol o ddysgu ac addysgu. • Materion yn ymwneud a’r person cyntaf • Beth yw adfyfyrio da / gwael? • Ymarfer ysgrifennu adfyfyrgar a chyfleon adborth

• How does it differ from more traditional teaching and learning methods • The issues around the first person • What is good / poor reflection? • Practice on reflective writing and provide opportunities for feedback

• Gall gynnwys adfyfyrio fydd wedi cael ei ddylanwadu gan ymateb emosiynol i ddigwyddiadau. • Dulliau cydweithredol o ddyfnhau’r adfyfyrio e.e. ffrindiau beirniadol, grŵp, gweithgareddau ayyb • Adfyfyrio ar adfyfyriad.

• Reflection can be influenced by emotional reactions to events • Collaborative methods of deepening reflection e.g. critical friends and group, activities etc. • Second-order reflection

Gibbs, G., Learning by Doing: A guide to Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford: Further Education Unit, 1988.

Gweithgaredd 2

Activity 2

Cwblhewch y templed a ddarparwyd i fyfyrio ar ddigwyddiad allweddol diweddar.

Complete the template provided to reflect on a recent critical incident.

Gibbs, G., Learning by Doing: A guide to Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford: Further Education Unit, 1988.

PWYSIG I ADNABOD Y gwahaniaeth rhwng cofio / disgrifio ac adfyfyrio.

IMPORTANT TO IDENTIFY The difference between recollection / describing and reflection