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3rd TanDEM-X Science Team Meeting Irena Hajnsek & Thomas Busche Science Coordination

TanDEM-X Science Team Meeting 17-Feb-2011 - OP

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Objective of the 3rd Science Meeting Inform the science community about the Mission status Results of the commissioning phase Progress in the scientific evaluation of the submitted proposals Statistics of the submitted proposals Evaluation procedure Time line of evaluation TanDEM-X Data Acquisition Plan & Access

Providing a forum for discussion and feedback

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Austria (4)

Nationality of the Participants

Belgium (2) 1%

Canada (2)

1%

China (3) Estonia (1)

2% 1% 4%

5%

3%

Finland (2)

1% 8%

1% 3%

France (5)

1%

Germany (64) 4%

Italy (5) India (1)

2%

Luxembourg (1) Netherlands (1) 4%

Nigeria (1)

1%

48%

1%

Norway (1) Rep. of Korea (6) Romania (3)

1%

Switzerland (4)

1%

Spain (5)

1% 4%

Sweden (2) U.K. (7) USA (11) Venezuela (1) Slide 4

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TanDEM-X: TerraSAR-X Add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements Launch: 21.June 2010 from Baikonor (first signal arrived after 15min from the ground station Troll in the Antarctic)

DEMs

Spatial Resolution

DTED-1

90m x 90m

< 30m

< 20m

DTED-2

30m x 30m

< 18m

< 12m

TanDEM-X DEM

12m x 12m

< 10m

< 2m

6m x 6m

< 5m

< 0.8m

HDEM

Absolute Vertical Relative Vertical Accuracy Accuracy (90%) (point-to-point in 1° cell, 90%

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Secondary Mission Objectives Across track InSAR (Digital Elevation Model) Development & improvement of algorithms for validation of heights derived from InSAR; Input parameter for a variety of different applications Added values and generation of scientific products

Along track InSAR (Velocity Measurements) Exploitation of innovative applications and development of algorithms New application and scientific product development

64 km/h 56 km/h

68 km/h

New SAR Techniques (First Technical Demo.) Demonstration and exploitation of new SAR techniques New perspectives for future SAR systems and development of new applications

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Secondary Mission Objectives: New Techniques Demonstration Bistatic BistaticSAR SARImaging Imaging

Polarimetric PolarimetricSAR SARInterferometry Interferometry

Along-Track Interferometry Along Along-Track Interferometry

Double DoubleDifferential DifferentialInterferometry Interferometry

Digital DigitalBeamforming Beamforming

Tx Rx 

Ground GroundMoving MovingTarget TargetIndication Indication

pass 1 Bistatic Bistatic Strip Stripmap map BB==3000 3000mm x x==12 12mm

1

h(t1)

Ch. 1

pass 2

Ch. 3

Ch. 2

P1(f)

2

P2(f)

without reconstruction

h < 10 cm

Ch. 4

P3(f)

SAR Proc.

h(t2) Ambiguity Suppression

 h ~ 2 - 1 coherence between passes not mandatory

Super SuperResolution Resolution

Enables High Resolution Wide Swath Imaging

SAR SARTomography Tomography B1

Rx1

P4(f)

with reconstruction

…

Rx2

B2

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B3

Capabilities of TanDEM-X Cross-Track Interferometry

Along-Track Interferometry

r+r

r

t+t

 Digital Elevation Models

t

 Large Scale Velocity Fields

(ocean currents, ice drift, …)

 Spatial Coherence (forest, …)

New Techniques

 4 Phase Center MTI (traffic, …)  PolInSAR (vegetation height, …)

 Double DInSAR (change maps, ..)

 Moving Object Detection

 Digital Beamforming (HRWS, …)

 High Resolution SAR Images

 Temporal Coherence Maps

 Bistatic Imaging (classification, ..)

TanDEM-X is a highly flexible sensor enabling multiple powerful imaging modes  cross-track baselines (0 km to several km)

 along-track baselines (0 km to several 100 km)

 interferometric modes (bistatic, alternating, monostatic)

 SAR modes (ScanSAR, Stripmap, …)

 bandwidth / resolution (0 ... 150/300 MHz)

 incident angles

 polarisations (single, dual, quad)

…

(20° ... 55°) Slide 8

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TanDEM-X Data Acquisition Modes Pursuit Monostatic

Bistatic

Alternating Bistatic

Standard DEM Mode

 both satellites transmit and

 one satellite transmits and

receive independently  susceptible to temporal decorrelation and atmospheric disturbances  no PRF and phase synchronisation required (backup solution)

both satellites receive simultaneously  small along-track displacement required for Doppler spectra overlap  requires PRF and phase synchronisation

 transmitter alternates

between PRF pulses  provides three

interferograms with two baselines in a single pass  enables precise phase synchronisation, calibration & verification

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General Outline of the Data Acquisition Plan Nominal Data Acquisition 3 (+?) Years 6 months

1 year

Commissioning Phase

1 global DEM acquisition with small baselines + acquisition of scientific radar data products

t

1 year

6 months

≥ 6 months

1 global DEM acquisition with scaled (larger) baselines + acquisition of scientific radar data products

DEM data takes for difficult terrain with different viewing geometry + radar data products

radar data products and high res. DEMs with large interferometric baselines

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TanDEM-X Scientific Experiments: Topics TDX Experiments

CP Phase

Comments ~3s time lag suitable for short term temporal decorrelation studies

Temporal Decorrelation Analysis Velocity Measurements Super resolution

Pursuit Monostatic Along-track baseline: 20 km

Only possibility to investigate very long baseline GMTI Investigation of high resolution processing (azimuth)

Bistatic Experiment

First long baseline bistatic imaging

Polarimetric SAR Interferometry

Potential of X-band for short volume characterisation

Double differential SAR Interferometry Bistatic Processing

Bistatic Phase Across-track baseline: 100-400 m

Assessment of the interferometric phase Bistatic processing performance

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October Revolution Island, Russia First TanDEM-X high resolution DEM (pursuit monostatic mode): vertical accuracy ~ 10 cm 16. Juli. 2010

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October Revolution Island Revisited High Resolution DEMs at 79°N, 96°E

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Eyjafjallajökull - Island

Vulkan Eyjafjalla Slide 14

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Salar de Uyuni – Largest salt flats

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Large Along-Track Baseline GMTI Principle Principle Large Largealong-track along-trackbaseline baseline 20 20km km Time Timelag lag2.5 2.5ss (available (availableduring duringComm. Comm.Phase) Phase) Moving Movingtarget targetappears appearsdisplaced displaced ininboth bothSAR SARimages images From Fromthe thedisplacement displacementdifference difference the true geographical the true geographicalposition, position, velocity, velocity,heading headingand andacceleration acceleration ofofthe thetarget targetcan canbe becomputed computed No Noaapriori prioriknowledge knowledgerequired! required!

First FirstPreliminary PreliminaryResults Results Mean Meanvelocity velocityerror error11km/h km/h Mean position error  20 Mean position error  20mm Slide 16

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First Results: Ship Monitoring in the Strait of Gibraltar

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Submitted to IGARSS 2011 Stefan Baumgartner

Super Resolution with Multistatic Satellite Arrays Spectra

Increased geometric resolution of SAR images by: • along-track displacement of receiving satellites:  different Doppler centroids  Super resolution in azimuth by coherent combination of shifted Doppler spectra • across-track displacement of receiving satellites:

Rx1 Rx2



Rx1

Impulse Responses fa

xa

fa

xa

fa

xa

Rx2

 different incident angles  Super resolution in range by coherent combination of images with different ground range spectra Slide 18

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Super Resolution in Azimuth with TSX and TDX TSX: 2.84m TDX: 2.81m TSX+TDX: 1.46 m

azimuth

TSX & TDX

range

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Submitted to IGARSS 2011 Pau Prats

First Bistatic Experiments with TanDEM-X: Brasilia Performed during the TDX pursuit monostatic phase Innovative acquisitions with nonnominal set-ups

Mangenta= monostatic Green= bistatic

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Submitted to IGARSS 2011 Marc Rodriguez

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First Bistatic Experiments with TanDEM-X: Brasilia Performed during the TDX pursuit monostatic phase Innovative acquisitions with nonnominal set-ups: First bistatic TDX images Bistatic repeat-pass interferometry First single-pass bistatic DEM acquisition

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First Bistatic Experiments with TanDEM-X: Costa Rica Performed during the TDX pursuit monostatic phase Innovative acquisitions with nonnominal set-ups: First bistatic TDX images Bistatic repeat-pass interferometry First single-pass bistatic DEM acquisition

Bistatic DEM

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First Pol-InSAR Data Takes

Dual-Pol HH-VV Spotlight Test Site Location: Russia InSAR Mode: Monostatic Temporal Baseline: 3sec Spatial Baseline (┴): 275m

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Pol-InSAR

HH

VV

HH-HH

VV-VV

Amplitude Images Interferometric Coherence

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Pol-InSAR

   Interferometric Coherence: ~ γ( w i , w i ) at polarisation w i   ~ γ( w i , w i ) 

    w i [Ω]w i        w i [T11 ]w i  w i [T22 ]w i 

   ~   Coherence Region: γ( w i , w i )  w i  aw HH  bw VV a, b  C   ~ γ( w max , w max )   ~ γ( w min , w min )

Max. Phase diff. between polarisations

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Pol-InSAR

0

1

2

[m]

3 Slide 26

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Pol-InSAR

Dual-Pol HH-VV Spotlight Test Site: Sahara InSAR Mode: Monostatic Temporal Baseline: 3sec Spatial Baseline (┴): 230m

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Pol-InSAR

0

1

2

3

4 [m] 5 Slide 28

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Pol-InSAR

Dual-Pol HH-VV Spotlight Test Site: Papua N. Guinea InSAR Mode: Monostatic Temporal Baseline: 3sec Spatial Baseline (┴): 185m

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Pol-InSAR

0

2

6

[m]

8 Slide 30

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TanDEM-X: Kryckland Test Site, Sweden

Test Site

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TanDEM-X: Kryckland Test Site, Sweden

Test Site

30m

Forest Height Map (Air-Lidar)

0m

30m

Forest Height Map (TanDEM-X)*

0m

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* Derived from the inversion of the TanDEM-X VV coherence by using the Lidar derived ground topography as input.

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TanDEM-X Heights [m]

TanDEM-X: Kryckland Test Site, Sweden

r²=0.82 RMSE = 2.55m

Test Site

Lidar H100 [m]

30m

Forest Height Map (Air-Lidar)

0m

30m

Forest Height Map (TanDEM-X)*

0m

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* Derived from the inversion of the TanDEM-X VV coherence by using the Lidar derived ground topography as input.

Time

Topic

Thursday,

17th

Presenter

February 2011

09:00

Welcome & Introduction

A. Moreira/I.Hajnsek

09:40

TanDEM-X Commissioning Phase Overview & Mission Status

M. Zink

10:00

The TanDEM-X Space Segment

C. Giese B. Schättler

10:20

The joint TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X Ground Segment

10:40

Coffee Break

11:10

Bistatic Operation & Synchronisation

U. Steinbrecher

11:30

Precise Baseline Determination

R. König

11:50

Bistatic & INSAR Processing

T. Fritz

12:10

Interferometric Performance

G. Krieger

12:30

Lunch Break

14:00

DEM Product Specifications

B. Wessel

14:10

Experimental Products

T. Fritz

14:20

Global DEM Acquisition Plan & Opportunities for Science Data Takes

D. Schulze I. Hajnsek

14:50

Results of the AO for the User Specific Data Takes

15:10

Coffee Break

15:40

Presentation of the PI (each 5 min)

17:30

Social Event

PIs Slide 35

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Friday, 18th February 2011

Principle Investigators

09:00

Splinter Groups Ordered into TanDEM-X Topics

10:30

Coffee Break

11:00

Summary of the Splinter Groups (each 10 min)

Principle Investigators

12:00

Wrap up & End of the TanDEM-X Science Meeting

I. Hajnsek

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