Why do some people achieve their potential whilst others do not?

We don’t see unmotivated babies…

What happens?

“I can’t do this – it’s too difficult!”

“I’m no good at Maths!”

“This is so easy!”

“I was rubbish at maths!”

“I’m hopeless at spelling.”

“Sophie isn’t as bright as my eldest.”

“We don’t read in our house…”

The Growth Mindset theory

What is mindset? A mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations.

Video: How To Help Every Child Fulfil Their Potential

Yesterday’s Theory: We Are Born with Intelligence No matter how much you learn or how hard you work, your intelligence stays the same! Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who invented the first practical intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale. His main goal was to identify students who needed special help in coping with the school curriculum. He invented the first useable IQ test.

Today’s Theory: Mindset Matters The distinguishing feature of geniuses is their passion and dedication to their craft, and particularly, the way in which they identify, confront and take pains to remedy their weaknesses (Good, Rattan, & Dweck, 2008). In other words... It’s not what you are born with that matters; it’s your mindset that matters.

Fixed Mindset: Intelligence is a fixed trait. Growth Mindset: Intelligence is a quality that can be changed and developed.

Video: How We Learn - Synapses and Neural Pathways

The Brain Is Malleable The brain is like a muscle that gets stronger and works better the more it is exercised.

Too often students believe the brain is static, leading them to think talent and giftedness are permanent, unchanging personal attributes that automatically bring later success. Every time you work hard, stretch yourself and learn something new, your brain forms new connections and over time you actually become smarter.

Video: Growth-vs-Fixed-Mindset

Fixed Mindset vs Growth Mindset

What might be the potential impact for a child with a fixed mindset over the long term?

Job Success IQ

Optimism

It is said that job successes are... 25% academic I.Q. 75% optimism and by how we see stress - either as a challenge or a threat.

25% 75%

Happiness Long term happiness is...

Material

Brain

10%

10% influenced by our material gain 90% by the way your brain processes the world.

90%

Mindset:

Fixed

Growth

Your belief about intelligence…

Intelligence is a fixed trait

Intelligence is cultivated through learning

Your priority when learning…

Look smart, not thick

Become smarter, through learning

Achieving easy, low effort successes and outperforming others

Engaging fully with new tasks, exerting effort, stretching and applying skills

Effort, difficulty, setbacks, higherperforming peers

Easy, previously mastered tasks

You feel smart when…

You avoid…

Aren’t some people are just geniuses or naturally talented though?

Growth mindset in action 1. Challenge 2. Effort 3. Resilience 4. Feedback

Challenge

‘Growing your brain’

The Pit - Persist in the face of obstacles

Effort

Resilience

Famous Failures Who is this describing? At 30 years old, he was left devastated and depressed after being unceremoniously removed from the company he had started.

Steve Jobs

Famous Failures Who is this describing?

He could not speak fluently until the age of nine. His rebellious nature led to expulsion from school and he was refused admittance to the Zurich Polytechnic School.

Albert Einstein

Famous Failures Who is this describing? She was demoted from her job as a news anchor because she “wasn’t fit for television”.

Oprah Winfrey

Famous Failures Who is this describing? He was a Harvard dropout. He co-owned a business called Traf-O-Data, which was a true failure.

Bill Gates

How does our language contribute to pupil mindsets? A nine-year-old girl was on her way to her first gymnastics competition. She was a little nervous about competing, but she was good at gymnastics and felt confident about doing well. The girl did not win the competition and was devastated. What would you do if you were the girl’s parents? 1. Tell her that you thought she was the best. 2. Tell her she was robbed of a trophy that was rightfully hers. 3. Re-assure her that gymnastics is not that important. 4. Tell her that she has the ability and will surely win next time 5. Tell her that she didn’t deserve to win.

The Feedback Challenge Which comments encourage a growth mindset and which encourage fixed mindsets?

The Feedback Challenge answers You really thought about this

How did you challenge yourself with this?

Next time, find a different way to solve the problem.

You’re a Maths wizard.

That was quick! You need to check our use of speech marks. This is the best You got 15 out work I have of 20. seen from a Year 6 pupil.

A bright boy like you should be able to do this easily. So now you could think about….

Not your best work

You keep going what an effort you must have made.

You used your tables square to help you – good strategy. Looking at all the changes you’ve made, it seems to me you tried really hard. What if you used a dictionary. Would that help?

Good girl.

The red cards have been shown to lower motivation and effort in students. The green cards are ‘Growth Mindset’ friendly comments.

Two educational fallacies 1. People learn more when they receive praise. 2. People need continual praise to establish and maintain feelings of self-worth.

How should we deliver praise? INSTEAD OF…

SAY…

Wow – you did fantastically on your Maths work! You are so clever!

I like the strategies you used to solve that problem. You stuck with it until you got it!

You did that so quickly! You must have a mind like a calculator! Well done!

That didn’t challenge you so how about trying something more tricky?

You excelled again – I can always rely on you to produce the goods.

You went back to check your work – that extra step was a great idea!

Avoid… • Setting yourself up as a judge of anyone’s intelligence –Amy is a very bright pupil.

• General, non-specific ‘goodness’ praise –You’re brilliant.

Wiser praise 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Praise the effort, not the ability Praise in specifics, not generalities Praise privately Praise authentically and not too much Praise behaviour, not the child Praise skills used Praise risk-taking Praise responsiveness to feedback

Having a growth mindset is really important because if you’ve got something wrong, without a growth mindset you would say, “No! I got something wrong! I’m stupid!” Ella, Year 3

Having a growth mindset is good for me because when I make a mistake I know that it is all part of life and I can learn from it. Kieran, Year 5

Making mistakes is really important because you learn from them. I like choosing my challenges because I know what stage I’m at. Sophie , Year 3

I think growth mindset is something that drives you on. If nobody had growth mindset, where would we be in the world? Everybody wouldn’t have the courage or perseverance. Sometimes I open up my book and I see a load of green, that’s when growth mindset comes in. Lucy, year 3.

Last year, I said lots of ‘I can’t do this!’ and got a bit emotional but now I can face challenges and try to compete them well.

A fixed mindset is like a bad habit, like smoking. When you develop a fixed mindset it’s hard to break.

At the beginning of the year, I didn’t want people to think badly of me or think that I was rubbish at stuff. Now I don’t really mind. I don’t really care what other people think of me because I’ve tried my hardest.

How do we instil Growth Mindset thinking in our children? Lessons about Growth Mindsets and reference to it generally

The role of parents Think about our use of language, praise and feedback

Celebration of mistakes

Displays in classrooms and around school

Assemblies

How can you help? • Reinforce the importance of seeking of challenges and taking risks • Value the learning from making mistakes and celebrate failures as steps on the road to success • Encourage Growth Mindset language ‘….yet’- ‘I cannot recall my 8 x tables yet. • Avoid general praise or intelligence praise and focus the praise on effort and the process. • Have daily learning discussions e.g. “What have you learned today?” Instead of “How was your day?” • Help children to understand that their brains can change and GROW • Encourage and model positive self-talk

Our messages as teachers and parents Listen to what you say to your children – are you giving messages that say: You have permanent traits and I’m judging them OR… You’re a developing person and I’m interested in your development.

It upsets me when you don’t do a full job. When do you think you can complete this?

It is such a shame to miss a chance to learn. Can you think of way of doing this that will help you learn this?

What is it about the homework that you find difficult? How can we do this together?

Further information and reading • Google “Eduardo Briceño” - Co-Founder and CEO of Mindset Works. “The power of belief - mindset and success” on Youtube (about 10 minutes long) • Read Carol Dweck’s book “Mindset – The New Psychology of Success” • Children’s books – My Beautiful Oops – – – –

The Girl who Never Made Mistakes I Can’t Do This The Most Wonderful Thing Your Fantastic Elastic Brain

A final word …..from Carol Dweck herself “If parents want to give their children a gift, the best thing they can do is to teach their children to love challenges, be intrigued by mistakes, enjoy effort, and keep on learning.”