WHAT MUSLIMS BELIEVE KEY STAGE 2 SUGGESTED ASSESSMENT FOCUS AT1 Show understanding of what it means to be a practicing Muslim AT2 Ask questions and suggest answers about the lifestyle of a practicing Muslim LEARNING OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES

Lesson 1 To understand about unity & diversity AT 2 To know that Muslims belong to a world wide family who all read the Qur’an, say AT1 the same prayers & follow the teachings of Allah To know the 5 beliefs of Islam that are basic duties for all Muslims

Discuss what pupils understand about unity & diversity in society. In 2 columns fill in: What unites the community/world? What divides the community/world? Work on a poem/prayer for unity & world peace. On 5 columns (pillars) write the 5 Muslim beliefs. Draw a roof over them to explain how Muslims see their faith as a temple for Allah

Lesson 2 To understand about commitment and AT2 faithfulness

Pupils could share things they are committed to & why. Discuss what promises are made & easily broken & others that remain for life. Read the shahadah. Know it is part of the Adhan, call to prayer & spoken 5 times a day from mosque minarets. Tell the story of Ibrahim smashing the idols. Muslims believe they should emulate the perfect virtues of Allah. Select 5 attributes they could aspire to from the 99 Names of Allah. Draw a large hand, pupils write their name in the centre with one attribute on each finger.

AT1 AT1&2

To know that the shahadah is the Muslim declaration of belief & how it is worked out in practice

RESOURCES http://stschool.eduweb.co.uk/carolrb/islam (Link with KS2 units Faith in Action and Pilgrimmage) Holy Places Makkah and other Islamic Holy places Big Book ISBN 0-431-15524-0 Heinmann Glossary in Islam within RE (SDBE) Teaching RE Islam 5-11 CEM Exploring Islam CEM v Shahadah (declaration of faith) v Salah (prayer 5 times daily) v Zakah (giving to the poor) v Sawm (fasting in Ramadan) v Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) Islam within RE (SDBE) Pathways of Belief Islam BBC (prog 1) Refer to unit ‘The Muslim way of Life’ for work on the Prophet Muhammad. Shahadah: ‘I bear witness that there is no god but Allah & that Muhammad is his prophet’ Story of Ibrahim (Information sheet) 99 Beautiful Names of Allah (SDBE)

Lesson 3 To know how the five beliefs of Islam are AT1 all part of prayer and worship AT1 To know how Muslims prepare for prayer AT1 To understand that salah is the daily practice of prayer for Muslims & that it helps them to draw nearer to Allah

Hear the story of Bilal & the call to prayer. Discuss where Muslims pray. Use a compass to find the direction of Makkah. If possible ask a Muslim to demonstrate wudu (ritual washing). Look at a prayer mat & discuss its use and patterns. Learn that Friday is the special day of prayer for Muslims. In groups design a sacred place where you could be quiet to think or pray.

Islam within RE (SDBE) Pathways of Belief Islam (prog 2)

Lesson 4 AT1 To know that it is an obligation for a Muslim to give to charity.

How would you feel if you were desperate for help? Discuss the principle of giving zakah before Id so that all Muslims can celebrate. How does giving benefit the giver & receiver? How does zakah differ from collecting for Children In Need or Red Nose Day? What would be your reasons for giving to charity? Divide the class into 4 groups & prepare persuasive arguments for a charity. Present to class.

Zakah is compulsory. Muslims give 2½% of their wealth after necessary expenditure

AT2

To appreciate the importance of the spirit of giving zakah

Prayer mat, compass, world map. Vocabulary: salah, wudu, qiblah, Makkah Islam by Alan Brine Themes in Religion Pub Longman ISBN 0 582 02967 8 (teacher resource)

Lesson 5 AT1

AT2

AT2

To know that Ramadan is a time to think about Allah by fasting, praying and reading the Qur’an To appreciate the value of self discipline and obedience To know that Muslims celebrate Id ul Fitr at the end of the month of Ramadan

Talk about what it means to be really hungry. Cite examples from situations in the world of famine. If given £5 what essentials would you buy for a starving child? Consider the spirit in which Ramadan should be kept & the difficulty of self discipline. Tel the story of Muhammad & the bad tempered woman. Find out how Muslims celebrate Id ul Fitr. Make Id cards include ‘Id Mubarak’.

Ramadan information sheet. Islam within RE (SDBE) The Story of Muhammad & the bad tempered woman (Information sheet)

Lesson 6 To know that Hajj is the pilgrimage to Makkah that is an obligation for all AT1 Muslims & is prescribed in the Qur’an

AT1

AT1 AT2

To know some of the rituals of Hajj & that Id ul Adha is celebrated as part of Hajj

Show understanding of what it means to be a practicing Muslim Ask questions and suggest answers about the lifestyle of a practicing Muslim

Refer lesson 3 to find where Makkah is. Find Arabia on a map. Make imaginary Hajj diaries recording the sequence of the hajj on a map. Talk about the symbolism of ihram. Read the stories that give rise to Hajj. Discuss the feelings of Ibrahim and Isma’il during and after the events. Talk about times when disobedience is difficult at home or at school. Think of the meaning of the word sacrifice & if it just applies to religion. Get pupils to review their learning about what it means to be a practicing Muslim and set activities to assess their understanding of Islam and what they have learnt from it.

World map/globe Teaching RE Islam CEM Hajj resource pack – Lewisham RE Centre Hajj stories (information sheet) Video: Islam through the eyes of a Muslim child (CEM) Festivals by Khadijah Knight Pub Heinemann ISBN 0 431 06951 4

IBRAHIM AND THE WORSHIPPERS OF IDOLS Ibrahim first lived in Ur in the valley of the Euphrates River. His people worshipped the nature gods such as the sun and moon as well as idols they had made themselves. When he was young, Ibrahim felt that he had to decide which was the true God to worship. One clear night when the stars shone in the sky and he was alone, he looked up and saw a very bright star. ‘That star is the greatest in the sky so it must be the God to worship’. As soon as he had the thought the star faded and the moon rose. ‘That star cannot be God,’ he said to himself. Then he saw the silvery light of the moon that brought the light down to earth and drove away some of the darkness. So now he thought ‘The moon must be my God’. But as the night wore on the sun rose & the moon vanished. He thought again, ‘The sun, which is the biggest and hottest thing in the sky must be God’. He continued to think throughout the day until the sun set and the stars returned. It was then that he realised that God must be a greater than the stars, the moon and the sun, indeed he must be the creator of everything. He would not fade or disappear but would always be the same. Now all he had to do was to tell his family and the rest of his people that they should stop worshipping their images and idols and worship God alone. However the people laughed at him when he tried to tell them that their idols had no power to provide food and water for them. One day when the people were going about their daily business, Ibrahim went to the place where all the idols were kept. He broke them into pieces. The clay idols he smashed to the ground, the wooden ones he split into pieces and the stone idols he hammered into fragments. He left just one idol standing and unbroken and that was the biggest and fiercest looking one in the temple. When the people found their idols smashed and broken they remembered what Ibrahim had said and immediately thought he must be to blame. They went and accused him – ‘Did you do this terrible thing?’ Who me? Not at all, it was that fierce looking god in the temple. Why don’t you ask him instead?’ The people replied, ‘You are talking nonsense Ibrahim, that is just an idol made of stone, you know it can’t speak. You know it has no power to create or destroy anything.’ Ibrahim said ‘Yes I know that, but if you know that as well as me, then why do you worship such things? Why don’t you worship the one God who created the world and has power over everything?’ Many people were angry at Ibrahim but others were ashamed by Ibrahim’s reply and thought he was right. (This story is in the Qur’an. Surahs 6:77f, 26:70-82, 37:66-69,29:16f)

THE STORY OF MUHAMMAD & THE BAD TEMPERED WOMAN

RAMADAN INFORMATION v v v v v v v v v v v v v

The Qur’an, Surah 2:183-188 is about Ramadan. Ramadan is the ninth month of the Muslim year when Muslims remember that Allah revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad. The Qur’an is divided into 30, portions. The whole Qur’an is read in the mosque each evening of the month of Ramadan. The 27th night of Ramadan is called Laylat-ul-Qadr, the Night of Power, when the Qur’an was revealed. Some Muslims pray all night in the mosque Allah has commanded fasting during Ramadan The self discipline of fasting shows love for Allah & obedience to the Qur’an. It is not a penance but a joyful duty. After dark they thank Allah for strength for a successful fast. They have a snack of water, dates and fruit. After sunset prayers the main meal is eaten. Id-ul-Fitr is the joyful festival of breaking the fast and is celebrated at the end of Ramadan on the first day of the month of Shawal. Presents and cards are given with the greeting ‘Id Mubarak’ (blessings of the festival). New clothes are worn Families and friends celebrate together. Zakat-ul-Fitr is the money given to charity to help everyone celebrate Id.

Information about pupils’ fasting during Ramadan can be found in Islam within RE for Key Stages 1 and 2 (SDBE).

STORIES LINKED TO HAJJ ADAM AND EVE According to the Islamic version of the story of Adam and Eve, after they were expelled from heaven they were sent to different places on the earth. They finally met on the Plains of Arafat and the Mount of Mercy, where God forgave them. The Qur’an says that Adam built the first house of worship at Makkah. After his death the house was destroyed by the Flood and left in ruins. An Islamic legend says that when Adam was cast down to earth, a stone also fell from heaven and this stone was built into the Kab’ah. IBRAHIM AND ISMA’IL As in the Biblical version of the story Sarah was childless and gave permission for Ibrahim to take her slave girl, Hagar, as his second wife. She had a son Isma’il. The Islamic version is then as follows: God told Ibrahim to separate from Hagar and her son Isma’il. God told Ibrahim he wanted to test him and that he should take Hagar and Isma’il to Makkah and leave them there. God would look after them. Ibrahim obeyed God and left his wife and son with a few dates and a small amount of water. Fearing that they would die of thirst, Hagar ran between the tops of the two hills of Safa and Marwah looking for water, but to no avail. Suddenly an angel called her and pointed to a spring where Isma’il had been kicking the sand with his foot. She called out ‘Zam! Zam!’ meaning ‘Stop! Stop! Hence the name of the well, Zamzam.

Years later in a dream Ibrahim promised God he would sacrifice his most precious possession to God. He immediately thought of his camels. In a second dream Ibrahim realised he hadn’t sacrificed his most precious possession & in his dream he saw himself sacrificing his only son Isma’il. Ibrahim loved him very much and travelled to find him. He told Isma’il the dream who told his father to do what he had to do. They went to Mina where the sacrifice was to take place. On the way the devil appeared in human form and tried to tempt Ibrahim to change his mind. Both Ibrahim and Isma’il ignored the devil and drove him away by throwing stones at him. Isma’il lay on the altar & Ibrahim was about to kill him when God spoke and stopped him. Ibrahim’s reward would be that his other wife Sarah would give birth to a son, Isaac. The traditional place of sacrifice was Mina where sacrifices are performed during Hajj. Ibrahim went back to Sarah and years later Isma’il and his father were reunited in Makkah where they built the Ka’bah. God showed them where to begin digging the foundations and they found the ruin of Adam’s house of worship. They built the square walled sanctuary and placed at its eastern corner a bright stone from heaven. Over the years it has blackened and is now known as the Black Stone. When the Ka’bah was finished they prayed to God and walked round it seven times in imitation of the angels who, it is said, constantly circle the throne of God.