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US Special Operations Command Continuous Clandestine Tagging, Tracking, and Locating (CTTL) Mr. Doug Richardson SOAL-T WSO 5 September 2007 The overall classification of this briefing is: UNCLASSIFIED 1 UNCLASSIFIED

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Clandestine Tagging, Tracking, and Locating (CTTL) ƒ The Ability to Locate, Track, and Identify Human Beings and Other Important Targets ƒ Directly Supports DoD’s Ability to Prosecute the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) ƒ Forces Require an Ability to Apply and Monitor Tags ƒ Detect and Identify Targets Based on Their Unique Observable Characteristics Without Undue Exposure of Personnel to Risks and With Devices That are Sufficiently Clandestine to be Effective

UNCLASSIFIED

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Background This Program Responds to Classified Requirements and Priorities Identified in Several Key Documents. Examples Are: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

2003 Hostile Forces TTL Capability Development Document 2004 and 2006 Strategic Planning Guidance 2004 Defense Science Board Summer Study and Task Force Report 2004 Director, Defense Research & Engineering (DDR&E) Assessment of TTL Science & Technology (S&T) Programs 2005 USSOCOM/DDR&E TTL Roadmap 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) 2006 Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS)/J8 Quick-Look Capability-Based Assessment for CTTL 2006 Program Decision Memorandum (PDM) III

UNCLASSIFIED

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CTTL - Funding ($M) -

Total

Appr ($M) FY 07 0

CTTL Enhancements to Program Elements FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 FY 13 25.0 32.1 32.0 33.0 40.0 48.0

Total 210.1

ƒ Partnership between Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict (ASD SO/LIC), USSOCOM, and U.S. Army ƒ Objective: Conduct a Collaborative Effort to Develop New Capabilities for Clandestine Tagging, Tracking, and Locating in Response to Priorities Established in a Quick-look Capability-based Assessment Conducted in Response to the Findings of the QDR ƒ Approach: Transition Existing State-of-the-Art Technologies in Nanotechnology, Chemistry, and Biology to Operational Systems Through the USSOCOM Acquisition Process and Conduct RDT&E From Basic Research Through Prototyping to Provide Continuous Improvements in the CTTL Technology Available for Transition to the Operators. Specific Capability Projections Are Classified. UNCLASSIFIED

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CTTL - Task Force Storyboard Organize Team and Prepare Platform for Analysis

Update Project Data Base

Step 2

Step 1

Develop FY08 and FY09 Plans

CTTL Solution Set Evaluation Apply Decision Support Tool (DST)

Tech Eval

PEO/PM Eval Operator Eval Step 3

Step 4

Execution Prep

Senior Leader Decisions

Reviews

Step 65 Step

Execute

Step76 Step

Step 7

PEO/ PMs

Event

QL CBA

CTTL Partners

Step 8

Program Plans

TTL COI

TTL RM

Refresh Database with POM Positions

Prioritize Projects IAW Gaps -Synthesize New Gap Fillers

Prepare Plan and Out Brief

Review Council and Peer Review

Brief AE and DDR&E

ƒ Spend Plans ƒ Gap Reduction ƒ Synchronized Efforts Across COI

Data Operators Base PDM III

Outcome

Assess, Synthesize, & Prioritize • 81 Capability ƒ Assess: Tech Readiness andGaps Value, • 8 FCB Prioritized PEO/PM Needs and Priorities, Lists Operator Assessment • 8 FCB JPG ƒ Identify Need forcandidate New Gap Fillers Lists

Review and Decisions • ƒ1-81 prioritized Draft Plan: list of capability ƒ Refined Plan gaps Synchronized, ƒ COI Buy In • Prioritized list of JPG Gaps Addressed candidates

ƒ Team Identified ƒ Database Prepared for Task

ƒ Database Updated with POM 08 Data ƒ Gap Re-look

Kick Off Off Kick AE Approval AE Approval

Update of of CTTL CTTL Update Database Database

Perform Analyses Analyses Perform Refine Database Database Refine

Draft CTTL CTTL Draft FY08/09 Plan Plan FY08/09

EXCOM EXCOM Review Review

25 Jan Jan –– 11 Feb Feb 25

Feb –– 10 10 Mar Mar 11 Feb

10 Mar Mar –– 15 15 May May 10

16 May May –– 30 30 16 May May

Jun 55 Jun

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Execution

ƒ FY08/09 Plan Approved ƒ Execution Documentation Prepared ƒ Program Execution

DDR&E Execution Execution Document Document DDR&E Preparation AE Review Review Preparation AE 15 Jun Jun 15

FY08/09 Spend Spend Plan Plan FY08/09 Finalized Finalized 16 Jun Jun –– 30 30 Sep Sep 16

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CTTL - Technical Goals ƒ Reduce the Size, Weight, and Power Requirements for Tags and Sensors to Allow Improved Clandestine Operations ƒ Introduce New Capabilities for Detecting, Identifying, and Tracking Targets Based on Unique Observables ¾ Natural Signatures: e.g. Biometrics and Unique Mechanical Defects ¾ Augmentation of Natural Signatures: e.g. “Perfumes” and “Stains” ¾ Extend the Range

ƒ Provide New Mechanisms to Deploy, Monitor, and Manage Clandestine Devices with Reduced Exposure of Operational Personnel

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CTTL - Key Enabling Technologies ƒ Nanotechnology ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

Clandestine Devices High Functional-density Devices Self-organizing, Self-deploying Devices Processing and Communications Energy Harvesting

ƒ Biotechnology ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

Biomimetic Devices for Detection and Identification (ID) at Long Distance Bio-based Devices for Detection and ID at Long Distance Taggants for Biological Signature Amplification, Translation Natural Signature Detection and ID

ƒ Chemistry ¾ Signature Enhancing Taggants ¾ Chemical/Biochemical Sensors for Natural Signatures

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CTTL - Partnership for Transition ƒ DDR&E and USSOCOM AE Executive Sponsorship and Oversight ƒ USSOCOM Transition ¾ PEO-Special Projects ¾ PEO-Intelligence and Information Systems

ƒ Collaborative Execution of S&T ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

UNCLASSIFIED

DoD Service Laboratories Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ASD(SO/LIC) Coordinated Investments Intelligence Community Research Organizations DOE Laboratories SOAL-T

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CTTL - Key FY08 Outcomes ƒ Taxonomy of Projects of Interest ¾ 17 BA 3 ¾ 11 BA 2 ¾ 8 Organizations

– DARPA – Communications-Electronics Research, Development, and Engineering Center (CERDEC) ƒ Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) − Army Research Laboratory (ARL) − National Security Agency (NSA) − Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) − Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) − Department of Energy (DOE) − Industry

ƒ Fourteen Transitions Projected within 24 Months UNCLASSIFIED

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CTTL - Key Events for FY09 ƒ Restart Selection Process ¾ Data Call – Refresh Database ¾ Broad Agency Announcement (BAA)/Call for New Project Proposals ¾ Administer Selection Process

ƒ Ground Rules ¾ FY08 Projects Continue on Merit -- Not Previous Selection ¾ Order of Merit Algorithm Will Include a Technology Component ¾ Projects Must Accomplish All Phases of Process

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CTTL - Ambient Energy Harvesting Goal: Battery-independent Devices in 3 to 4 Years Radiation Harvesting ƒ RF Rectenna: Cell Signals ƒ Room Source: 60Hz Power

MEMS Harvesting ƒ Vibration: Electrostatic Drives ƒ Air Flow: Wind Driven Motor

RF Full-wave Rectenna

MEMS Rotor

Near-term Solution

Potential Solution Super-capacitor

UNCLASSIFIED

Energy storage ƒ Super-capacitors: Capacitor Arrays ƒ Electrochemical: Thin Film Batteries SOAL-T

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CTTL - Human Signature Detection Goal: Verification of Capability and Operational Value Within 2 Years

Human Thermal Fingerprint at Long Distance

ƒ Skin Spectral Emissivities Measured ƒ Thermal Fingerprints Determined ƒ “Target” Reacquired 90 Minutes Later UNCLASSIFIED

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CTTL - Human Signature Detection Goal: Demonstration of Fieldable “Bioelectronics” Within 5 Years

Synthetic Dog’s Nose Sensor

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CTTL - Signature Amplification/Translation Goal: Move Basic Research to Advanced Development in 3 Years Current Capability

Current Science

Bioreactive Taggant

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Bioengineered Signature Translation

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CTTL - Nano-scale Devices Goal : Micro-scale in 12 Months, Nano-scale in 4 to 5 Years

Quantum Dots

Tunable Band Gap with Size and Composition Band Gap

UNCLASSIFIED

Self-assembled Photonic Antenna

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