Unit Exam: Migration

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST!!!

APHG - Tomlinson

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. (2pts each) 1) The ability to move from one location to another is A) migration. B) net migration. C) mobility. D) variable migration. E) voluntary migration.

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2) The migration transition model predicts that international migration reaches a peak at ________ of the demographic transition. A) stage 3 B) stage 2 C) stage 4 D) stage 1

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3) Which factor most often causes a voluntary migration? A) economic B) environmental C) regional conflicts D) cultural E) international

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4) Many of the first Europeans to settle in Australia migrated to serve jail sentences which is the combination of which push and pull factors? A) economic push, cultural pull B) environmental push, cultural pull C) cultural push, economic pull D) environmental push, economic pull E) economic push, environmental pull

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5) The greatest total number of foreign-born residents can be found in A) Germany. B) the United States. C) Australia. D) China.

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6) Which statement most accurately describes the motivations of the historic European and current Latin American immigrants to the United States? A) Migrants from Europe were fleeing religious persecution while migrants from Latin America are motivated by economic factors. B) Both were and are motivated by a desire to join family members already in the United States. C) Both were and are motivated by famine in their home country D) Migrants from Europe mostly spoke English while migrants from Latin American mostly speak Spanish. E) Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors.

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7) Migration to the United States declined during the 1920s primarily because of A) declining demand for domestic workers. B) economic depression in the United States. C) imposition of quota laws. D) declining demand for industrial workers. E) forced migration after World War I.

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8) Most Asians are currently migrating to the United States through the process of A) global relocation. B) expansion diffusion. C) brain drain. D) chain migration. E) illegal immigration.

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9) Most guest workers head for which part of Europe? A) south and east B) north and west C) south and west D) north and east E) central

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10) The largest numbers of recent immigrants to the United States are A) illegal immigrants. B) talented professionals. C) political refugees. D) relatives of U.S. residents. E) guest workers.

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11) The largest number of legal immigrants to the United States come from what country? A) Dominican Republic B) the Philippines C) Cuba D) Mexico E) South Korea

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12) According to the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, undocumented immigrants were A) no longer eligible for public services in the United States. B) encouraged to remain because of shortages of workers. C) established as guest workers. D) permitted to become legal residents. E) increasingly deported if caught.

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13) The U.S. center of population has moved steadily to the A) west. B) east. C) center.

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D) north.

E) south.

14) The Brazilian government encouraged interregional migration by A) dictating optimal locations for factories. B) moving the capital to Brasilia. C) making Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo more attractive. D) industrial development on the Atlantic coast. E) clearing the rain forest for agricultural activities in the interior.

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15) The most prominent type of intraregional migration in the world is A) rural to urban. B) region to region. C) north to south. D) urban to rural. E) city to city.

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16) In the United States, which is likely to cause virtually all population growth in the next few decades? A) declining death rate B) net in-migration C) natural increase rate D) crude birth rate E) urban expansions

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17) Which is a current intraregional migration trend in the United States? A) urban to suburban B) metropolitan to nonmetropolitan C) rural to urban D) net emigration from the northeast E) all of the above

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18) Migration to the United States increased from Europe after 1800 in part because of A) plague and famine. B) deteriorating public health, medicine, and food supply. C) expanded economic opportunities during the Industrial Revolution. D) higher natural increase rates. E) rapid increase in the crude death rate.

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19) The largest level of interregional migration in the United States was caused by the A) illegal immigration from Latin America. B) immigration of Asians beginning in the early twentieth century. C) arrival of Europeans beginning in the 1600s. D) industrial development in the northeast. E) opening up of the western territories.

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20) The largest number of undocumented immigrants to the United States come from what country? A) Dominican Republic B) the Philippines C) Cuba D) Mexico E) South Korea

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21) Recent immigrants to the United States A) are concentrated in a few states according to economic prospects and migrant's country of origin. B) are distributed evenly along the southern U.S. border and the east and west coasts. C) are concentrated in Texas, California, and Illinois. D) are nearly evenly distributed among all states.

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22) Mexico's immigration policy A) welcomes migrants from other countries. B) attempts to prevent any money from leaving the country. C) is complicated because Mexico favors migration to the U.S. but opposes migration from its south. D) is opposed to Mexicans migrating to the U.S. because they otherwise would contribute to the economy at home.

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23) Many of the refugees from Vietnam became known as the A) communists. B) Hindus. C) Viet Cong. D) boat people. E) segregationists.

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24) The United States has received the lowest number of refugees from which of these countries? A) Cuba B) Ethiopia C) Vietnam D) Haiti

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25) Guest workers in Europe and the Middle East are A) southern Europeans. B) Muslims. C) low-status foreigners. D) technical specialists invited as consultants. E) illegal immigrants.

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26) Most European guest workers come from which part of Europe? A) central B) north and west C) south and east D) south and west E) north and east

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27) U.S. quota laws from the 1920s until the 1960s had the effect of A) increasing the possibility of migration from regions previously prohibited. B) dramatically increasing immigration from around the world. C) ensuring the majority of migrants continued to be from Europe. D) indirectly causing two world wars. E) virtually ending immigration.

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28) Brain drain is A) the large-scale emigration of talented people. B) a cultural feature that hinders migration. C) the process by which people are given reference for migration. D) a net decline in literacy. E) people forced to migrate for political reasons.

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29) Most migrants to the United States during the peak of the late nineteenth century came from which part of Europe? A) central B) north and west C) south and east D) south and west E) north and east

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30) Most migrants to the United States during the early twentieth century came from which part of Europe? A) south and east B) north and east C) south and west D) north and west E) central

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31) Why has Russia's program to attract migrants faced difficulty in recent years? A) Migrants don't want to move to a place with low population growth like Russia. B) They are targeting ethnic Russians who speak Russian and most are not interested. C) Russia has net-out migration because of rapid population growth. D) The program places people in small cities with long, cold, and dark winters.

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32) The most popular destination for voluntary migrants from Great Britain has been A) South America. B) Australia. C) Asia. D) North America. E) South Asia.

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33) Most migrants to the United States during the peak of the 1840s and 1850s came from which part of Europe? A) Russia and Bulgaria B) Spain and Portugal C) Italy and Poland D) Norway and England E) Ireland and Germany

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34) People are forced to migrate primarily because of which factor? A) international B) cultural C) environmental D) mobility E) economic

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35) Which of the following is not presently one of the three largest migration flows in the world? A) to North America from Latin America B) to Europe from Africa C) to Europe from Asia D) to North America from Asia

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36) According to the U.S. Committee for Refugees, the three largest groups of international refugees are A) Palestinian, Iraqi, and Afghan. B) Vietnamese, Indian and Indonesian. C) Mexican, Pakistani, and Colombian. D) Ethiopian, Nicaraguan, and Somalian. E) Sudanese, South African and Colombian.

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37) Many Argentinians who fled the country in the 1970s, when the country was ruled by a military regime, returned to the country after democratic elections were held in 1983. This is an example of A) emigration changing to immigration. B) a push factor changing to a pull factor. C) forced migration changing to voluntary migration. D) a pull factor changing to a push factor. E) an economic migration factor changing to an environmental migration factor.

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38) The most important pull factor for migrants to North America today is A) environmental. B) forced. C) economic. D) geomagnetic. E) cultural.

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39) A physical feature, such as a body of water, which hinders migration is an example of A) a forced migration. B) an environmental incentive. C) an intervening obstacle. D) an environmental push factor. E) a cultural pull factor.

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40) A permanent move to a new location is A) net migration. B) mobility. C) net out-migration. D) net in-migration. E) migration.

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41) A country has net in-migration if emigration ________ immigration. A) is less than B) equals C) is closer to net migration than D) varies more than E) exceeds

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42) Refugees migrate primarily because of which type of push factor? A) circulation B) cultural C) environmental D) economic E) all of the above

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43) Which of the following events would be considered a migration pull factor? A) failed harvest B) opening of a new factory C) flooding of a river D) revolutionary takeover of a government E) civil war

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44) Wilbur Zelinsky's model of migration predicted A) long migration distances are more likely than short. B) migrants move most frequently for economic reasons. C) intraregional migration is more important than interregional. D) women are more likely to migrate than men. E) migration characteristics vary with the demographic transition.

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45) Several million Irish migrated in the 1840s primarily because A) Spanish invasion threatened their homes. B) the English forced them to become refugees. C) disastrous economic conditions pushed them out of the country. D) they were attracted to the United States. E) poor environmental conditions induced them to migrate.

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SHORT ANSWER. Choose TWO (2) of the three (3) questions below and answer in a succinct paragraph. (5pts each) 46) Explain the difference between refugees and economic migrants. Be specific!

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47) Choose one type of forced migration and describe an accurate example.

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48) Explain the concept of chain migration and give a real-world example. Be detailed.

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