Tour of the Textbook Welcome to Canadian History: A Sense of Time. Take some time to go over these pages and understand how this textbook is set up to help you complete this course successfully. By the time you finish Canadian History: A Sense of Time, you will be equipped to answer this question: Is Canada a better country today than it was in the past? As you work your way through the book, keep this question in mind and think about how you might answer it.

Cover The photograph on the front cover of Canadian History: A Sense of Time shows a maple leaf projected on a Canadian armed forces sergeant who is scaling the Peace Tower on the Parliament buildings in Ottawa as part of Canada’s millennium celebrations. These three images — the maple leaf, the Peace Tower, and the peacekeeper — are symbols of the country and society that Canadians have built over the past century. Now it is your turn to make history, for history is not just the story you read. It is the one you create. History is made by everyone, every day. Every action, every decision, however small, changes its course. Your decisions, your actions, your involvement influence the history of your community, your country — and the world. History is filled with horrors, yet contains great hope. You shape the future, just as those who came before you shaped the past.

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How This Book Is Organized Review the table of contents to get a feel for how Canadian History: A Sense of Time is organized. You will see that this book is different from most — it has no chapters. Instead, it is divided into five chronological units. Each unit includes five themes that explore the period covered in the unit. The five themes are repeated in each unit. This will help you understand how each generation of Canadians faced and responded to similar challenges.

Each unit opens with an overview called The Big Picture.

Each unit includes a challenge that you will complete over the course of the unit.

The skills focus highlights some key history-related skills that will help you complete the challenges successfully.

Review these maps to see the information available on each.

An introduction to each theme highlights the question you will explore as the theme unfolds.

A literacy activity and a building block help you complete the unit challenge.

Each two-page spread focuses on a specific question.

The glossary is a small dictionary of key words used in this book.

The index provides you with a quick way to locate specific topics in this book.

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The Big Picture The Big Picture provides a general look at what the unit is about. Like a trailer for a movie, this opening two-page spread touches on the highlights of the unit and prepares you for the “feature presentation.”

The unit number always appears in the top left corner.

The unit title tells you what the unit is about and the period the unit will explore. (Unit 1 explores the years between 1914 and 1921).

The timeline highlights the main events of the period.

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Like a movie trailer, this two-page spread previews what you will find in the unit.

Visuals give you clues and hints about the topics the unit will cover.

Your Challenge Each of the five units presents one challenge. As you progress through the course, you will complete five challenges. The challenge is presented at the beginning of each unit so you know ahead of time what assignment you are required to complete.

A chart sets out the five building blocks — or small tasks — you will pull together to complete the challenge. As you complete each building block, you will have completed one part of the challenge.

A challenge tip often provides suggestions to help you complete the challenge successfully.

Specific instructions explain what the challenge involves.

An example of a finished challenge helps you imagine what you need to do to be successful. Your finished challenge does need to look exactly like this example. It is meant only to give you ideas.

The evaluation box is a quick rundown of how your challenge will be evaluated. Your teacher will give you a more detailed marking rubric. Your final mark will be based on how well your completed challenge meets the criteria outlined on the rubric.

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The Themes Each unit of Canadian History: A Sense of Time is divided into five themes: Canada in the World, Governing Canada, Canadian Experiences, Emerging Patterns, and Science and Technology.

Literacy in History helps you understand how to read and use historical tools such as timelines, maps, and original documents. It also offers other strategies to help improve your ability to read various things. You will use these skills as you complete the building block.

An introduction sets the stage for the theme.

The Building Block to Your Challenge provides instructions for completing one part of the unit challenge.

A literacy tip is a quick hint to help you better understand and use the literacy skill.

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The theme question highlights the issues you will explore as the theme unfolds.

The assessment box explains the criteria that will be used to assess your building block. Your teacher will give you a more detailed assessment rubric. Be sure to use your teacher’s assessment feedback to revise your building block before it is evaluated as part of the unit challenge.

The Two-Page Spreads The content of each theme is developed through a series of two-page spreads. Each spread includes two pages of focused information and ideas, which are communicated through the main story and special features. The unit and theme numbers are always in the top left corner.

The unit title, time frame, and theme title are always placed here.

A focus question tells you why you’re reading this material. On this spread, the focus question asks, “Was trench life merely a matter of surviving?” As you read, remind yourself of the focus question and think about how you might answer it.

The main story is always in the centre of the spread.

Focus on . . . tells you what the two-page spread is about. This spread, for example, focuses on Canadian soldiers in the trenches. This title tells you that you will read about what life was like for soldiers caught up in the trench warfare of World War I.

Show You Know questions help you assess your understanding of the material on the two-page spread. There are always two questions. The first usually asks you about some of the facts you have learned. The second asks you to make judgments about what you have read.

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Special Features The special features present information in different ways. In Canadian History: A Sense of Time, these features provide — in a variety of formats — special information, ideas, or challenging points of view. used to transport y a naval strateg

supplies from “con vey”— to transport

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An exploding concept provides several ways of thinking about a concept or word that appears in the main story. These words are defined in the glossary.

A biography tells you, in point form, more about the life of someone who lived through the events described in the main story.

Words in boldface are also defined in the glossary. Knowing what these words mean is essential to understanding the information and ideas presented in the main story.

FYI — For Your Information — is an interesting tidbit that adds to the information presented in the main story. FYIs may be unusual, offbeat, or just worth knowing.

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Information about the period you are studying is sometimes compared with today’s world. This then-and-now data gives you a sense of the similarities and differences between life then and now.

Place Check is a locator map. It enables you to quickly check the location of a place mentioned in the main story. A second map shows where the locator map fits in the world.

A graph, chart, or table gives statistics or other information in visual form.

Time Check is a mini-timeline that places actions related to the events in chronological order.

Original documents give you clearer insights into the thinking and ideas of the time. These documents may be photographs, personal accounts, letters, posters, or newspaper articles. A photograph communicates important visual information about the period.