Chapter 6: End of Spanish Rule Time line: 1763-1821 1. 1763-- French and Indian War: Treaty of Paris—French out of North America 2. 1773-- Spain closes Texas Missions 3. 1776-1783-- American Revolution: United States is born. 4. Late 1700s—Filibusters try to take Texas from Spain -Philip Nolan, James Long, GutierrezMagee Expedition

5. 1800-- France gains Louisiana after defeating Spain in Europe. 6. 1803-- United States buys Louisiana from France 15 million 7.

8.

1819--- Adams-Onis Treaty: TX part of Spain- U. S. across the Sabine R. 1821: Mexican Independence from Spain: TX is part of Mexico!

French and Indian War  The

F&I War was part of a much larger war in Europe: the 7 Yrs. War. In Europe, included Germans and the Spanish .  In N. America, the war was fought by American Indians on both British and the French sides.

The War in North America  1756-1763.

But the first real battle in 1754 led by a young George Washington.  1761.The war ended in N. America 2 yrs. before it ended in Europe.

Reasons for the War: in America-land ownership and trade of natural resources.  British had no use for natives. 

Thought: Maybe the Natives would have fared better had France won the F&I War over Britain. (Indians partners in fur trade.)

French Indian War

French Indian War painting

1763: Seven Years War ends-- Treaty of Paris. The British won the war.  Treaty of Paris involved Spain as part of war in Europe.  Results: Spain gets all of French territory west of the Mississippi R.  Britain gets all of Canada and French territory east of the Mississippi R.  France lost all N. American territory.  E. Texas missions closed in 1773. 

Map after French Indian War

Don’t Write: Consequences of the French Indian War, besides the gain and loss of territory: French Indian War was important in leading up to the American Revolution.  1. North American colonists gained experience in warfare that would help the colonists fight the Revolutionary War.  2. This included giving leaders like George Washington real wartime experience.  3. The war left the British with large debt, which was one reason they taxed the colonies so heavily. 

Map of British Territory 

Britain is the Red, Spain is the Green, .

1773: Result of Closing Missions 

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Settlers of E. TX forced to move to San Antonio for protection. Upset! 500 settlers moved to hotter, drier area, best land was already taken. Spanish let East Texans leader Gil Ybarbo start a new settlement on the Trinity R. Bucarelli lasted 4 years– Ybarbo lead the settlers back to Nacogdoches, where they lived w/o Spanish control.

Meanwhile: 1776-- Colonies declare Independence from Britain. American Rev. begins  Spain & France aid colonists.  Tx sent beef for colonial troops  helped keep Britain from taking New Orleans.  not enough people in TX to send soldiers.  England lost 1781. Out of N. America in 1783. 

The American and Mexican Revolutions: don’t write 

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Revolutionary Winds move across North America over the next 50 years. Spain will fight a war in Mexico, and they will lose. Mexico became free in 1821.

1790’s: Spain stops support of All Texas Missions 

Spain had huge war debt from years of war in Europe.

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The Catholic Church funded some missions to keep them open.

1800 France acquires Louisiana from Spain   

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France got Louisiana Terr. from Spain b/c of war in Europe. Napoleon Bonaparte, Fr. Ruler defeated Sp. he made many good changes to move France away from the rule of Kings was a military leader and not part of a royal family. Napoleon conquered many countries in Europe. The powers of Europe joined forces and defeated him and his powerful French armies.

France gets this back:

Napoleon Bonaparte: Tried to conquer all of Europe.

1803: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France. Pays $15 million dollars. (Napoleon wants more $ to finance his conquests)  boundary dispute between Spain and the U. S.:  Spanish claim- Arroyo Hondo further east.  U.S. claim- Sabine R. as the boundary b/w TX & U. S.  Created DISPUTED TERRITORY 

1810: Winds of Revolution in Mexico Father Hidalgo calls for independence from Spain. Mexicans want to rule themselves.  A revolutionary movement took shape, eventually resulting in Mexican Independence in 1821 

Father Hidalgo-Father of Mexican Independence:

1812-1813 Filibusters start unrest in TX & the Republican Army fights for TX Indep. from Spain.  Gutierrez-Magee Expedition: fighting for TX indep. from Spain  Gutierrez was Spanish. Magee was an Anglo who left the U.S. army to fight with the Tejanos. 

Republican Army captured Nacogdoches, then Goliad.  Declared Indep. from Spain.  1813, fractured Republican Army defeated by Spanish forces on Medina River.  Revolution failed. 

War of 1812: 

Britain fights U.S.: tries to take Louisiana. Much of war fought around New Orleans.

Galveston: haven for Pirates Michel Aury and Jean Lafitte: Pirates who helped fight Spanish Control Of TX: had also helped against British in War of 1812. Captain Jean Lafitte

1819 Adams-Onis Treaty signed by U. S. & Spain  Results: Border of TX is set at Sabine R.  U.S. drops claim to Texas. 

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Florida becomes part of the United States.

Adams-Onis Treaty

1819 James Long invades Texas Filibuster from Mississippi leads a group into TX & easily captures Nacogdoches.  declares TX indep. from Spain.  Long leaves Nacogdoches,  requests help from Jean Lafitte on Galveston Island.  While he was gone, Spain defeats his forces. 

James Long and Jane Long 

Wanted to take Texas from Spain and make it part of United States. The flag of the ill-fated James Long expedition to free

Jane Long is known as The Mother of Texas.

1821: Mexico gains its independence from Spain

TX now a province of new country of Mexico.  Texas had been neglected for many years under Spanish rule.  Few settlements were left in Texas.  Spain, however, left an indelible print on Texas that we still see today. 

Mexican : 3rd flag over Texas!