The Baylor Fire and Life Safety eLearning Lesson Welcome...........................................................................................................................................2 Lesson Objectives.............................................................................................................................2 Warm Up Exercise ...........................................................................................................................2 Code Green.......................................................................................................................................2 Code Red ..........................................................................................................................................3 PASS ................................................................................................................................................3 Types of Fire Extinguishers..............................................................................................................4 Rescue ..............................................................................................................................................5 Alarm................................................................................................................................................5 Contain .............................................................................................................................................6 Extinguish/Evacuate .........................................................................................................................6 Fight Small Fires ..............................................................................................................................6 Fire Equipment .................................................................................................................................7 Fire Hazards .....................................................................................................................................8 Interim Life Safety Measures (ILSM) ..............................................................................................8 Interim Life Safety Measures (ILSM) continued .............................................................................8 Check Your Knowledge ...................................................................................................................9 You Did It! .......................................................................................................................................9

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Welcome Welcome to Baylor’s Fire and Life Safety e-learning lesson. Imagine you discover a small fire in your work area. What steps should you take? This lesson will teach you the fundamentals of fire and life safety to help guide you through dangerous situations.

Lesson Objectives Your reaction in an emergency situation could mean life or death. In this lesson, you will learn: • The meaning of Code Green and of Code Red and how to respond to those Codes. •

How to use the PASS procedure to operate a fire extinguisher.

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The types and uses of fire extinguishers.

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How to use the RACE procedure to respond to fires or fire drills.

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The additional Fire Safety equipment that is available.

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How to identify fire hazards.

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And what to expect when Interim Life Safety Measures are in place.

Warm Up Exercise Imagine Code Red was just announced over the paging system. What do you think it means? a) b) c) d)

A fire drill. A fire or fire alarm. An explosion or bomb threat. An environmental disaster.

Code Red means a fire or fire alarm has been detected. We will learn more about Code Red later in this lesson.

Code Green Code Green indicates a fire drill. Keep the following information in mind about fire drills. Fire drills maximize your training while minimizing interruptions to patient care. Always participate in a fire drill, unless you are directly engaged in patient care. Remain in your assigned duty and listen for further instructions.

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You will be evaluated on how well you simulate implementing the RACE procedures you learn in this training. Simulate checking the area for fire and smoke, closing all fire doors, and preparing to receive evacuated patients from other floors. You should also continue to listen for further instructions. All Baylor facilities have a fire plan, so familiarize yourself with the fire plan for your facility. For additional information, access the Baylor intranet site at mybaylor.com, click on the Baylor Police link, then click on Fire Safety and Emergency Preparedness.

Code Red Code Red indicates a fire or fire alarm activation. You will hear Code Red announced over the paging system if a fire is discovered in your hospital facility. When you hear a Code Red, follow these steps: 1. Check your area for smoke or fire. 2. If the fire is in your area or you see smoke, implement RACE procedures: Rescue, Alarm, Contain, and Extinguish/Evacuate. You will learn more about these procedures in the next few screens. 3. Listen for instructions from your manager or over the paging system. Do not go to the fire location unless directed to do so. 4. If any items or equipment are blocking the hallway, move them out of the way. 5. Ensure the magnetic hold-open devices have released the smoke/fire doors and that they are all closed. Patient doors do not close automatically. 6. Prepare to receive evacuated patients, if necessary. 7. To avoid entrapment, always avoid elevators until the “all-clear” announcement is made.

PASS A small fire just broke out and you need to extinguish it. Always think “PASS” when putting out a fire. First you pull, then you aim, then you squeeze, and finally, you sweep. Read each step to learn how to put out a fire using PASS. 1. First, pull the silver pin firmly to break the plastic tab holding it in place. 2. Next, stand back 6-8 feet and aim the extinguisher at the base of the fire, which is always the fire source. 3. Firmly squeeze both handles together to activate the extinguisher stream.

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4. Now that the extinguisher stream is active, sweep the stream back and forth at the base of the fire. Keep spraying until the fire is completely out. That’s it! You successfully put out the fire! When you extinguish the source of the fire, you extinguish the flames.

Types of Fire Extinguishers Different fire extinguishers serve special purposes. Baylor uses three main extinguishers, Class ABC, Class BC, and Class K. Read on to learn more about each fire extinguisher. Class ABC Class ABC extinguishers are multi-purpose (solids, flammable liquids, and electrical equipment). Because Class A, Class B, and Class C fires are the most common, all facilities have the all-in-one Class ABC fire extinguishers mounted in common areas like hallways and lobbies. Tip! Do not put water on electrical fires or flammable liquid fires such as grease or gasoline. A typical fire extinguisher is used up in less than one minute. Class BC Class BC extinguishers should be used with flammable liquids and chemicals (such as oil). Class BC extinguishers use carbon dioxide to rob the fire of oxygen. This sterile extinguisher is used in operating rooms, and it is less damaging for electronic equipment. This extinguisher can be safely used on all fires except kitchen fires. Tip! Class BC extinguishers are easily identified by the “horn” or “cone” type of nozzle instead of a hose nozzle. Class K Use Class K extinguishers in kitchen fires (such as cooking oils). Class K extinguishers are found in kitchens. Fire codes insist the extinguisher be within 30 feet of all stoves using cooking oil. You will also see the purple Class K extinguisher on heliports for spilled fuel fires.

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Tip! Do not use a Class ABC extinguisher on kitchen fires. The dry chemical extinguisher could create dangerous, noxious fumes.

Rescue Use the RACE acronym to remember which procedures you should follow if you discover fire or smoke. In the example you’re about to read, you’ll put RACE into practice. It is a Tuesday evening around 6 pm. The hospital buzzes with activity. Nurses and physicians are performing their rounds and patients are receiving treatment or their dinner. Quietly, and unknown to anyone, a fire starts in the hospital lab. One of the burners used for testing has tipped over accidentally. As you walk by the lab, you notice the fire and how large it is getting. What should you do? a) Rescue anyone in immediate danger from the fire. b) Run away from the fire and scream “Code Red.” c) Move everyone to the floor above you. If you chose option a), you made a good choice. The first step in the RACE acronym is Rescue. If a fire breaks out, always rescue those in immediate danger first.

Alarm The fire has fed on paper and other materials, and it is spreading quickly. After you’ve rescued everyone from danger, what should you do next? a) Pull the fire alarm as you run out of the area. b) Yell ‘FIRE!’ over the paging system. c) Alert co-workers in the area. If you chose answer c), you are correct! Calmly alert coworkers around you. If the fire alarm is not currently activated, pull the nearest fire alarm to activate. Contact the hospital operator to announce Code Red, and alert the Baylor DPS, the fire department, or the Building Safety/Engineering. Keep reading to move on to the Contain step.

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Contain The heat is getting worse. You hear the fire consuming the lab and wonder which part of the hospital is in jeopardy next. You think for a second of grabbing the fire extinguisher next to you, but you quickly realize this fire is too large to fight with an extinguisher. What should you do next? Choose the best option. a) Throw lab coats over the fire to extinguish the flames. b) Close all doors to prevent flames from spreading. c) Call the fire department. If you chose answer b), you are correct! To contain a fire, close all fire doors to prevent the flames from spreading and move to safety. Most fire walls and fire doors are held open with magnets and will automatically close when the alarm activates. All patient room doors, while smoke doors, will not close automatically. You should close doors to prevent smoke damage and to keep the heat from entering other areas of the facility.

Extinguish/Evacuate The sprinklers are malfunctioning and the fire is out of control. The lab is a total loss. The fire is now threatening more patients, many of whom are on oxygen. You have to make the right decision to save lives and property. What should you do next? a) Move everyone on your floor to the elevators and stairs. b) Evacuate everyone to the floor directly above you. c) Move everyone to the opposite side of the floor or to a safe area. If you chose answer c), you are correct! Pay close attention to instructions from hospital administration and the fire and police departments. Only these groups can call for an immediate evacuation. Evacuations are rare because all buildings have fire equipment that will put out a fire automatically with sprinklers. Important Note: If you work in a non-clinical area or a medical office, you should immediately evacuate the building when the alarm sounds. Check your building fire plan for more details.

Fight Small Fires Imagine a small fire breaks out on a patient floor. No one is in immediate danger. What should you do next? a) Extinguish the fire. b) Evacuate the area completely.

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c) Close all the fire doors to contain the fire. d) Alarm others and call a Code Red. If you chose d), that’s it! Remember RACE. If no one is in danger, your next step is to alarm others and call a Code Red. If you feel comfortable extinguishing a small fire, use the nearest fire extinguisher to put it out. Use your best judgment. Always compare the size of the fire to the fire extinguisher. Extinguish the fire starting at the base.

Fire Equipment Always be aware of the fire equipment in your area: • Fire sprinklers No obstructions should be placed within 18” of a sprinkler head. •

Fire alarm pull stations Pull stations are located at exits and central areas of all hospital departments. Know location of pull stations in your area.

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Fire extinguishers Familiarize yourself with the Class ABC, Class BC and Class K fire extinguishers. Know the locations of these extinguishers. Remember the PASS procedure when using an extinguisher.

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Automatic closing fire/smoke doors Many fire/smoke doors are held open with magnets that release to close when alarms are activated. They are designed to prevent the spread of fire and smoke. Do not block or otherwise prop open these doors. Most of these doors have a one hour fire rating.

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Emergency exit Emergency Exit diagrams showing Exits are posted in elevator lobbies. Employees should know locations of Exits in their work areas.

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Medical gas shut-off valves Located in patient care areas. Valves are to be turned off during a fire in patient rooms by staff appropriately trained. Only designated employees are allowed to turn off oxygen to multiple rooms at the main shut-off.

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Automatic extinguishing systems All hospitals are fully protected with automatic water sprinkler systems. Additional foam/gas automatic systems are used in kitchens and computer rooms.

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Areas of refuge Any designated safe area to assemble patients for further evacuation if necessary. Areas of refuge include large stairwell landings in a three-story or higher building, or other areas protected by fire walls/ doors with an additional avenue of further escape.

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Fire Hazards Identifying potential hazards in your patient’s room and throughout the hospital will help avoid fire situations. Read through the following potential hazards: • Blocked emergency exits, fire doors, hallways or corridors, and access to fire extinguishers •

Linen laundry chutes left or tied open

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Storage less than 18” from a sprinkler

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Excessive combustible trash

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Using extension cords instead of permanent wiring

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Burned out exit signs

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Smoking in non-smoking areas

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Missing ceiling tiles

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Compressed gas tanks not secured

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Parking in fire lanes

Interim Life Safety Measures (ILSM) Interim Life Safety Measures, or I.L.S.M.’s, must be implemented to temporarily compensate for hazards posed by: • Construction activities (in or adjacent to all construction areas) •

Existing safety issues, or

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During fire alarm system maintenance

Read on to learn what to expect during an I.L.S.M.!

Interim Life Safety Measures (ILSM) continued Depending on the hazards defined, a fire watch may be put into effect. If fire exit routes are modified, new maps will be provided. When you receive an I.L.S.M. notice, review the instructions and documentation to determine your role and responsibility until all fire protection systems are functioning again. During an I.L.S.M. notice, fire detectors may be inactive. If you see smoke, smell burning, or see anything out of the ordinary, contact Baylor DPS immediately. 8

Baylor DPS may have additional fire drills in the area of the I.L.S.M. notice to ensure employees know how to react to a fire.

Check Your Knowledge A small fire breaks out in your facility. You’ve learned the correct order of the RACE and PASS procedures. Which of the following steps would you NOT perform? a) Immediately evacuate everyone to the floor below you. Instruct them to take the elevator or stairwells. b) Close all fire doors to contain the fire. c) Identify what caused the fire and use the proper fire extinguisher to put out the fire if appropriate. d) Notify Baylor DPS of the fire. If you chose a), you are correct! You would first evacuate to the opposite side of the same floor, to a safe area. You would not evacuate the floor unless ordered to by hospital administration, the Incident Commander, the fire department, or the police department.

You Did It! As you’ve seen, you are always around potential fire hazards. Always pay attention! Today you learned how to execute the RACE and PASS fire safety procedures, how to identify potential fire hazards, and the meaning and response to fire codes. Great work! Thank you for completing Baylor’s Fire and Life Safety e-learning lesson! Please return to the Baylor Learning Network to take the test associated with this lesson.

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