The Assessment of Sleepiness in Children and Adolescents
The Assessment of Sleepiness in Children and Adolescents Murray Johns Epworth Sleep Centre, Melbourne
Australasian Sleep Association Annual Scientifi...
The Assessment of Sleepiness in Children and Adolescents Murray Johns Epworth Sleep Centre, Melbourne
Australasian Sleep Association Annual Scientific Meeting, Melbourne, October 22-24 ,2015
What is Sleepiness? The word sleepiness has more than one meaning 1. Drowsiness: the transitional behavioural state between alert wakefulness and sleep 2. Sleep propensity: the likelihood of making the transition from alert wakefulness to sleep under a given set of circumstances
What is Fatigue? • Fatigue is a behavioural state characterized by feelings of weariness from exertion, often with muscle aches and a disinclination to continue the task at hand • Fatigue gets progressively worse with the duration and intensity of exertion • Fatigue is often confused with sleepiness/drowsiness • The term fatigue is sometimes also used to mean the impairment of performance, no matter what causes it
Fatigue vs Sleepiness(Drowsiness) • Fatigue does not fluctuate rapidly, over a few seconds, but drowsiness does • Intermittent episodes of loss of awareness of the here-and-now are a feature of drowsiness, not of fatigue • Fatigue is relieved by rest and inactivity, but that makes drowsiness worse • You don’t have to be fatigued to become drowsy • You can be both fatigued and drowsy at the same time
How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired? This refers to your usual way of life in recent times. Even if you have not done some of these things recently, try to work out how they would have affected you. Use the following scale to choose the most appropriate number for each situation. 0 = no chance of dozing 1 = slight chance of dozing 2 = moderate chance of dozing 3 = high chance of dozing It is important that you answer each question as best you can
Situation 1. Sitting and reading 2. Watching TV 3. Sitting inactive in a public place (e.g. theatre or meeting) 4. As a passenger in a car for an hour without a break 5. Lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit 6. Sitting and talking to someone 7. Sitting quietly after a lunch without alcohol 8. In a car, while stopped for a few minutes in traffic
Chance of Dozing
ESS Item-scores for 992 subjects
Mean + SD
S D
ESS Item number
P 9 yr can answer such a questionnaire meaningfully, as can the parents of younger children • The ESS-CHAD is proposed as a new, standardised questionnaire • The ESS(CHAD) will have the same limitations as any
