TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION

TITLE

PAGE

1

INTRODUCTION

1

1.1

General

1

1.2

Scope and Objectives

2

1.3

Outline of Report

3

2

DESIGN OF THREE-STORY STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS AND ANALYTICAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT

5

2.1

General

5

2.2

Structure Description and Design of 3-Story SPSW

5

2.2.1

Indirect Capacity Design Approach (ICD)

8

2.2.2

Combined Plastic and Linear Analysis (Capacity Design)

11

2.3

Analytical Model Development

13

2.4

Summary

22

3

NONLINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS

23

3.1

General

23

3.2

Monotonic Pushover Analysis

23

3.3

Plastic Analysis of SPSW having In-Span HBE Plastic Hinge

28

3.4

Cyclic Pushover Analysis

36

3.4.1

Plastic Hinge and Strip Yielding Distributions

40

3.4.2

HBE Vertical Deformation

47

3.4.3

Cycle by Cycle Investigation on HBE Deformation History of SPSW-CD 53

3.4.4

Moment-Rotation Comparison

62

3.5

Summary

67

4

NONLINEAR TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS

69

4.1

General

69

4.2

Synthetic Ground Motions

70 ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) SECTION

TITLE

PAGE

4.3

Analysis Results

70

4.4

Summary

79

5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECCOMENDATIONS

81

5.1

Summary

81

5.2

Conclusions

82

5.3

Recommendations for Future Research

83

6

REFERENCES

85

APPENDIX A

DESIGN CALCULATION OF THREE-STORY STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS USING INDIRECT CAPACITY DESIGN APPROACH

B

89

DESIGN CALCULATION OF THREE-STORY STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS USING CAPACITY DESIGN APPROACH

95

C

FIBER HINGE STUDY

103

C.1

General

103

C.2

Case Study Set-up: Cantilever Column W14x48

103

C.3

Analysis Results

105

D

HOOK ELEMENT STUDY

107

D.1

General

107

D.2

Application of Hook Element on Strip Model

107

E

COMPARISON OF NORMALIZED MOMENT ROTATION HYSTERESIS CURVE BETWEEN STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS AND SPECIAL MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES x

111

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE

TITLE

PAGE

2-1

Design Response Spectra for San Francisco, California (ξ = 5%)

6

2-2

VBE and HBE Sizes with Demand to Capacity Ratio Results

10

2-3

Free Body Diagrams (Berman & Bruneau 2008)

12

2-4

Schematic Moment Diagram along HBEs Obtained from Nonlinear Static Analysis at 4% Drifts

15

2-5

Strip Model for Monotonic Pushover Analysis

16

2-6

Dual Strip Model for Cyclic Pushover and Time History Analyses

20

3-1

SAP2000 Monotonic Pushover Analysis versus Plastic Analysis Calculations

25

3-2

Plastic Hinge and Strip Yielding Distributions at 4% Lateral Drift

27

3-3

Schematic Deformed Shapes of Monotonic Pushover Analysis

29

3-4

Sway and Beam Combined Plastic Mechanism for Single Story SPSW

3-5

30

Sway and Beam Combined Plastic Mechanism for Multistory SPSW

33

3-6

Displacement History for Cyclic Pushover Analysis

37

3-7

Typical Force-Displacement Hysteresis of Slender Strip

38

3-8

Cyclic Pushover Analysis Results

39

3-9

Plastic Hinge and Strip Yielding Distributions on SPSW-ID

42

3-10

Plastic Hinge and Strip Yielding Distributions on SPSW-CD

43

3-11

HBE3 Free-Body Diagram and Moment Diagram for SPSW-ID at Various Lateral Drifts during 3% Drift Cycle

46

3-12

Schematic Deformed Shapes of Cyclic Pushover Analysis

48

3-13

HBE3 Vertical Displacement versus Top Floor Lateral Displacement

3-14

Obtained from Cyclic Pushover Analysis

50

Structure Lateral Displacement versus HBE Vertical Displacement

52

xi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (cont'd) FIGURE

TITLE

PAGE

3-15

HBE3 Vertical Displacement and Structural Base Shear versus Top Floor Lateral Displacement for SPSW-CD

3-16

54

HBE3 Deformed Shapes at Various Lateral Drifts (“Bump” Behavior Observed in SPSW-CD)

61

3-17

Normalized Moment Rotation Hysteresis at HBE Left End

63

3-18

Normalized Moment Rotation Hysteresis at Mid-Span of HBE2 (SPSW-ID)

66

4-1

Spectral Acceleration and Synthetic Ground Motions

71

4-2

HBE3 Vertical Displacement versus Top Floor Lateral Displacement Obtained from Time History Analysis (SYNT2)

4-3

Nonlinear Time History Analysis Results (SYNT2): Structure Lateral Displacement versus HBE Vertical Displacement

4-4

74 75

Plastic Hinge and Strip Yielding Distributions at the end of Nonlinear Time History Analysis (SYNT2)

79

C-1

Case Study Set-up for Fiber Hinge Study

104

C-2

Normalized Plastic P-M Interaction Diagram of W14x48

106

D-1

Hook Property in SAP2000 (CSI 2007)

107

D-2

Application of Hook Element on Strip Model

108

D-3

Result Comparison between SPSW-ID with Modified Axial P-Hinge and SPSW-ID with Hook Element

109

D-4

Deformation of SPSW-ID with Hook Element at +3% Drift

110

E-1

Comparison of Normalized Moment Rotation Hysteresis of SPSW-ID

112

E-2

Comparison of Normalized Moment Rotation Hysteresis of SPSW-CD

113

xii

LIST OF TABLES TABLE

TITLE

PAGE

2-1

Lateral Forces on Each Floor and Story Shear Forces

7

2-2

Vertical and Horizontal Boundary Element Sizes

9

2-3

Fiber Hinge Tributary Area and Ordinate along Y-Axis (SPSW-ID)

18

4-1

HBE Maximum and Residual Vertical Deformations (DBE Case)

72

4-2

Comparison of HBE Maximum Vertical Deformation Obtained from Cyclic Pushover Analysis and Nonlinear Time History Analysis (SYNT2) 76

4-3

HBE Maximum and Residual Vertical Deformations (MCE Case)

4-4

Comparison of HBE Maximum Vertical Deformation Obtained from Nonlinear Time History Analysis of DBE and MCE Case

xiii

77 78