Sources of public funds for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources Index 1 - Sources of public funds for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources at European Level …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1.1 - European Investment Bank (EIB)…………………………………………………………………………… 1.1.1 - European Energy Efficiency Fund (EEEF)……………………………………………………. 1.1.2 - Structured Finance Facility (SFF) …………………………………………….................... 1.1.3 - Green Initiative ………………………………………………………………………………………… 1.1.4 - European Local ENergy Assistance (ELENA) ………………………………………………. 1.2 – European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) …………...................... 1.3 - Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF) ……………………………………………………………………. 1.3.1 - European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) …………………………………………. 1.3.2- Cohesion Fund (CF) ……………………………………………………………………………………. 1.3.3 - European Social Fund (ESF) ………………………………………………………………………. 1.4 - Horizon 2020 Programme (former Intelligent Energy Europe - IEE Programme) ……. 2 - Sources of public funds at National level ………..……………………………………………………………… 2.1 - The case of Italy……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2.2 - The case of Slovenia …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 – Sources of public funds at Regional level (Friuli Venezia Giulia) ……………………………………..

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1 - Sources of public funds for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources at European Level The European Union (EU) supports the Energy Efficiency (EE) and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) actions trought three main instruments: the loans of its financial institutions (European Investment Bank - EIB and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development - EBRD), the Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF) and the Horizon 2020 Programme.

REMIDA Partner involvement in European Funds Bosnia

France

Greece

Italy

Montenegro

Slovenia

Spain

X

√

√

√

X

√

√ √

X

X

X

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

European Investment Bank (EIB)  European Energy Efficiency Fund (EEEF)  Green Initiative

 European Local ENergy Assistance (ELENA) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

X

√ √

√

X

X

X

√

Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF)

X

√

√ √

√ √

X

Horizon 2020 (former IEE)

√ √

 Structured Finance Facility (SFF)

X

√

X

√ √ X

√ √ 2

1.1 - European Investment Bank (EIB) The promotion of sustainable, competitive and secure sources of energy is a key EIB policy objective and the creation of energy Trans-European Networks is part of this effort. In particular, in the case of EE and RES the Bank finances projects that include: 

Sustainability through RES to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on finite energy resource;

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Energy efficiency technology: support energy-related research, development and innovation.

The EIB funding options for EE and RES are as follows: 1.1.1 - European Energy Efficiency Fund (EEEF) The EEEF targets investments in the EU Member states (in the specific case of the REMIDA Project: France, Greece, Italy, Slovenia and Spain). The final beneficiaries of the Fund are municipal, local and regional authorities as well as public and private entities acting on behalf of those authorities such as utilities, public transportation providers, social housing associations, ESCOs, etc. The EEEF can pursue two types of investments:

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Direct Investments: These comprise projects from project developers, ESCOs, small scale renewable energy and energy efficiency service and supply companies that serve EE and RES markets in the target countries. Investments in EE and RES projects in the range of € 5m to € 25m. Investment instruments include senior debt, mezzanine instruments, leasing structures and forfeiting loans (in cooperation with industry partners). Also possible are equity co-investments for RES over the lifetime of projects or equity participation in special purpose vehicles, both in cooperation directly with municipalities, or with public and private entities acting on behalf of those authorities. The Fund can (co-)invest as part of a consortium and participate through risk sharing with a local bank.

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Investments into Financial Institutions: These include investments in local commercial banks, leasing companies and other selected financial institutions that either finance or are committed to financing projects of the Final Beneficiaries meeting the eligibility criteria of EEEF. Selected partner financial institutions will receive debt instruments with a maturity of up to 15 years. These instruments include: senior debt, subordinated debt, guarantees.

The EEEF can invest in three categories of projects: 

Energy Saving and EE investments: public and private buildings incorporating RES and/or EE solutions including those based on the usage of ICT; investments in combined heat and power (CHP), including micro-cogeneration, and district heating/cooling networks, in particular from RES; local infrastructure, including efficient lighting of outdoor public infrastructure such as street and traffic lighting, electricity storage solutions, smart metering, and smart grids, that make full usage of ICT; EE and RES technologies with innovation and economic potential using the best available procedures.

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Investments in RES: distributed generation from local RES, to medium and low voltage (110kV and lower) distribution networks; Smart-grids enabling higher RES uptake; energy storage to allow storing part of the energy produced from intermittent sources during low-consumption hours and feeding this energy back at times of peak-demand; decentralised energy sources can also be the injecting of locally produced biogas into the natural gas network; micro-generation RES meaning distributed energy from renewable energy, typically providing below 50kW output that is concerned with heat and/or power production technology aimed at the individual domestic households, houses of multiple occupancy and light commercial sectors. The technologies include photovoltaic, micro-wind power, micro-hydro power, ground-, water- and air source heat pumps, solar heating, solid biomass/biogas heating, and micro CHP using renewable energy sources.

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Investments in Clean Urban Transport: Clean urban transport to support increased EE and integration of RES, with an emphasis on public transport, electric and hydrogen vehicles and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The projects will support a progressive substitution of oil by alternative fuels and the development of vehicles which consume less energy and generate fewer pollutant emissions.

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1.1.2 - Structured Finance Facility (SFF) The EIB can give additional support for priority projects using certain instruments with a higher risk profile than normally are not accepted. These priority areas include trans-European transport and energy networks and other infrastructure, the knowledge economy, energy and SMEs. This support is provided by our Structured Finance Facility (SFF) using a mix of the following instruments:    

senior loans and guarantees incorporating pre-completion and early operational risk subordinated loans and guarantees ranking ahead of shareholder subordinated debt mezzanine finance, including high-yield debt for SMEs experiencing high-growth or are undergoing restructuring project-related derivatives

Such has been the success of the SFF that its scope was doubled recently to enable us to generate operations up to a maximum of € 3.75 bn.

1.1.3 - Green Initiative The Green Initiative supports EE projects by SMEs in EU new Member States and pre-accession countries (in the specific case of the REMIDA Project: Slovenia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and Montenegro) through: Funding:   

EIB loans at attractive rates channelled through participating intermediaries. Grants from the European Commission up to 15% and €150,000 of the EIB loan amount Administration fees paid with EC grants to encourage intermediaries to lend for energy efficiency

Technical assistance: 

Independent experts provide technical assistance to SMEs and intermediaries to support project identification, planning and implementation.

Eligible investments: EE in residential and non-residential buildings, industry EE, solar thermal collectors, biomass boilers, geothermal heat generation, CHP, renovation of district heating systems (pipelines, generation units, substations). Eligible investments can be on the energy demand side, improving performance of buildings, infrastructure or equipment. Renewable energy investment is eligible only as part of energy efficiency projects. Not eligible is investment in new buildings which already conform to energy efficiency standards set at country level, land purchase and real-estate investment. Investment projects must comply with at least one of the following criteria: building sector projects need an energy savings ratio at least 30%; otherwise, an energy savings ratio of at least 20%, greenhouse gas emission reduction of at least 20%. The investment cost of a project should not exceed €25m and the EIB loan should

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not exceed €12.5m and the maximum implementation period of projects should normally not exceed 3 years. Eligible entities:   

Autonomous SMEs with fewer than 250 employees before the planned investment and annual turnover less than EUR 50m or an annual balance-sheet total less than € 43 m.*. Housing associations may be considered provided they fulfil the conditions of the Commission Recommendation on SMEs*. ESCOs implementing projects for SME end-users are eligible if the benefit of the Investment Incentive is fully passed on to the SME.

1.1.4 - European Local ENergy Assistance (ELENA) The ELENA Project helps the EU municipalities and regions lacking in the necessary technical expertise and organisational capacity to implement large EE and RES projects. Run by the EIB, it is funded through the European Commission’s Intelligent Energy-Europe programme. ELENA covers up to 90% of the technical support cost needed to prepare, implement and finance the investment programme. This could include feasibility and market studies, programme structuring, energy audits and tendering procedure preparation. With solid business and technical plans in place, this will also help attract funding from private banks and other sources, including the EIB. So whether it is the retrofitting of public and private buildings, sustainable building, energy-efficient district heating and cooling networks, environmentally-friendly transport etc. Applications for funding may not have a precise deadline, as it will be accepted until funds exhaustion. When funds will be exhausted, a notice will be posted on the ELENA webpage. The Program provides funding to the following percentages on the amount of the planned investment:   

40% is paid at the beginning of the program; 30% is paid after the approval of the interim report; 30% is paid after the approval of the final report.

1.2 – European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) The EBRD addresses EE including RES and adaptation projects through its Sustainable Energy Initiative (SEI). The SEI was launched in 2006 with the aim of scaling up sustainable energy investments in the Bank’s region, improving the business environment for sustainable investments and removing key barriers to market development. The SEI uses the full range of the Bank’s financial instruments to finance sustainable energy projects across the bank. SEI projects are diverse – the EBRD supports EE improvements in the corporate sector, including the agribusiness, manufacturing and service sector. When market barriers are too high to allow projects to go forward, the Bank can support eligible clients by obtaining donor funds from bilateral and global partners such as the Climate Investment Funds (CIF), the Global Environmental Facility (GEF), the EU, and others.

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SEI projects also benefit from the Bank’s ability to deliver technical assistance to its clients and governments. For example, to support its clients with project preparation and implementation, the Bank can offer technical assistance products such as market analyses, feasibility studies, energy audits, and training and awareness raising. Energy Efficiency in the Energy Sector: The EBRD supports projects that facilitate modernisation, efficiency improvements and the introduction of state-of-the-art technologies in power generation, combined heat and power plants (CHP), and oil refineries. In addition, the EBRD focuses on smart grid investments that upgrade and extend existing power networks and lead to reliable and efficient transmission and distribution of energy and the integration of much needed new capacity from renewable energy sources. Sustainable Energy Financing Facilities (SEFFs): through SEFFs, the EBRD extends credit lines to local financial institutions that seek to develop sustainable energy financing. Finance for sustainable energy projects is provided for two key areas: EE and small-scale RES. Local financial institutions on-lend the funds which they have received from the EBRD to their clients, which include SMEs, corporate and residential borrowers, and ESCO project developers. In addition to financing, each SEFF establishes a Project Implementation Team, comprised of local and international experts who provide support to participating local financial institutions and their clients. These experts also provide borrowers with support in identifying energy saving opportunities, developing financing applications, enhancing project design, and advising on high performance technologies. SEFF financing for businesses typically ranges from a few hundred thousand to a few million euros to support the purchase and installation of equipment, systems or processes. Across the EBRD region, SEFF financing has supported diverse projects in virtually all sectors, ranging from agribusiness, food processing, and manufacturing to industry, construction and services. Residential loans cover a few thousand to a few hundred thousand euros, most often to support improvements on the building envelope. Various groups have benefited from SEFF loans including individual owners, groups of home owners and multi-apartment associations.

1.3 - Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF) The EU provides Structural and Cohesion Funds (SCF) for the development of EE and RES projects to each Member state (in the case of the REMIDA Project: France, Greece, Italy, Slovenia and Spain). The European Cohesion Policy has set 11 thematic objectives supporting growth for the period 2014-2020. Among these, two are the thematic objectives that directly involve the REMIDA project: Thematic objective n. 4. - Supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy Thematic objective n. 6 - Preserving and protecting the environment and promoting resource efficiency Investment from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) supports objective 6, but the objective 4 is a main priority for investment. The European Social Fund (ESF) supports objective 4 and the Cohesion Fund (CF) supports objectives 4 and 6.

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1.3.1 - European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) Investment priorities (4) - supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy in all sectors by: a) promoting the production and distribution of energy derived from RES; b) promoting EE and RES in enterprises; c) supporting EE, smart energy management and RES in public infrastructure, including in public buildings, and in the housing sector; d) developing and implementing smart distribution systems that operate at low and medium voltage levels; e) promoting low-carbon strategies for all types of territories, in particular for urban areas, including the promotion of sustainable multimodal urban mobility and mitigation-relevant adaptation measures; f) promoting research and innovation in, and adoption of, low-carbon technologies; g) promoting the use of high-efficiency co-generation of heat and power based on useful heat demand; (6) preserving and protecting the environment and promoting resource efficiency by: a) investing in the waste sector to meet the requirements of the Union's environmental acquis and to address needs, identified by the Member States, for investment that goes beyond those requirements; b) investing in the water sector to meet the requirements of the Union's environmental acquis and to address needs, identified by the Member States, for investment that goes beyond those requirements; c) conserving, protecting, promoting and developing natural and cultural heritage; d) protecting and restoring biodiversity and soil and promoting ecosystem services, including through Natura 2000, and green infrastructure; e) taking action to improve the urban environment, to revitalise cities, regenerate and decontaminate brownfield sites (including conversion areas), reduce air pollution and promote noise-reduction measures; f) promoting innovative technologies to improve environmental protection and resource efficiency in the waste sector, water sector and with regard to soil, or to reduce air pollution; g) supporting industrial transition towards a resource-efficient economy, promoting green growth, eco-innovation and environmental performance management in the public and private sectors;

1.3.2- Cohesion Fund (CF) The Cohesion Fund (CF) shall support the following investment priorities within the thematic objectives set out in the first paragraph of Article 9 of Regulation (EU) No 1303/2013, in accordance with the

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development needs and growth potential referred to in point (a)(i) of Article 15(1) of that Regulation and set out in the Partnership Agreement: (a) (i) (ii) (iii)

supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy in all sectors by: promoting the production and distribution of energy derived from renewable sources; promoting EE and RES in enterprises; supporting EE, smart energy management and RES use in public infrastructure, including in public buildings, and in the housing sector; (iv) developing and implementing smart distribution systems that operate at low and medium voltage levels; (v) promoting low-carbon strategies for all types of territories, in particular for urban areas, including the promotion of sustainable multimodal urban mobility and mitigation-relevant adaptation measures; (vi) promoting the use of high-efficiency co-generation of heat and power based on useful heat demand;

1.3.3 - European Social Fund (ESF) 2. Through the investment priorities listed in paragraph 1, the ESF shall also contribute to the other thematic objectives listed in the first paragraph of Article 9 of Regulation (EU) No 1303/2013, primarily by: 8 (a) - Supporting the shift towards a low-carbon, climate-resilient, resource-efficient and environmentally sustainable economy, through the improvement of education and training systems necessary for the adaptation of skills and qualifications, the up-skilling of the labour force, and the creation of new jobs in sectors related to the environment and energy;

1.4 - Horizon 2020 Programme (former Intelligent Energy Europe - IEE Programme) Launched in 2003 by the EC, Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) offered a help to organisations willing to improve energy sustainability. It supported EU energy efficiency and renewable energy policies, with a view to reaching the EU 2020 targets. Running until 2013, the Programme was open to all EU Member States, plus Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Croatia and the FYROM. IEE is now closed, although a number of projects funded under the programme are continuing. The EU's Horizon 2020 programme now supports the research, demonstration and market up-take of energy-efficient technologies. In the field of energy, the Horizon 2020 Energy Challenge is designed to support the transition to a secure, clean and efficient energy system for Europe and the first Work Programme for “Secure, clean and efficient energy” is split into three focus areas: Energy-efficiency; Low carbon technologies; and Smart Cities & Communities. The total budget for the Energy Efficiency Call amounts to approximately €100 million for 2015. Funds are available to support energy-efficient buildings, industry, heating and cooling, SMEs and energy-related products and services. A large part of the programme budget was made available through annual calls for proposals to

support projects putting the concept of 'intelligent energy' in practice. Carried out by public, private or nongovernmental European organisations, they supported three main objectives - more energy efficiency and more renewables. The program includes three main types of Action: 1) Coordination and support actions (CSA) consist primarily in accompanying measures such as standardisation, dissemination, awareness-raising and communication, networking, coordination or support services, policy dialogues and mutual learning exercises and studies, including design studies for new infrastructure and may also include complementary activities of networking and coordination between programmes in different countries. For the Energy-efficiency Call, CSA are the type of projects previously supported under the IEE Programme. 2) Research and Innovation Actions (RIA) are actions with R&D activities as the core of the project intending to establish new scientific and technical knowledge and/or explore the feasibility of a new or improved technology, product, process, service or solution:  may include basic and applied research, technology development and integration, testing and validation on a small-scale prototype in a laboratory or simulated environment;  may contain closely connected but limited demonstration or pilot activities aiming to show technical feasibility in a near to operational environment. 3) Project Development Assistance (PDA) facilities aim to bridge the gap between sustainable energy plans and real investment through supporting all activities necessary to prepare and mobilize investment into sustainable energy projects. These activities can include feasibility studies, stakeholder and community mobilization, financial engineering, business plans, technical specifications and procurement procedures. 4) Public-private partnership (PPP) actions will strive to solve problems together with industry while focusing on the removal of existing barriers through market uptake measures in order to build capacity, provide support for sustainable energy policy implementation, mobilize financing for sustainable energy investments and foster uptake of technologies relevant for EE in buildings.

2 - Sources of public funds at National level 2.1 – The case of Italy At the national level in support of measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases is active at the Cassa Depositi e Prestiti (CDP), a specific fund ,the "Revolving Fund for the financing of measures to implement the Protocol Kyoto "(so-called Kyoto Fund). The fund provides financing at a subsidized fixed rate, at 0.5%, for public and private entities, for a duration not less than three years and not more than six (fifteen for public entities). The amount of the fund, allocated by the Ministry, is € 600 mln. over three years (€ 200 mln. per year). The funds are allocated by single region. The amount allocated to support for the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region is a total of approximately € 4 mln. per year in support of action on RES (6%), microcogeneration (14%) and EE in end-use (80 %). The regional ceiling for RES and EE in end uses are currently sold out because the demand exceeds the availability of the fund (for renewable claims were made for

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approximately € 2.2 mln. compared to a slightly higher availability € 0.2 mln, while there are still funds available for micro-cogeneration. The main beneficiaries of the initiative are local governments, utilities, ESCOs, public transport operators, associations of social housing. The fund provides funding (at market rates) for EE, RES and small-scale projects of clean urban transport projects in municipal entities, local and regional authorities and public and private companies operating on behalf of those institutions. The regulation of the Kyoto Fund was changed with the Circular of the Ministry of Environment January 18, 2013, n. 5505. In particular, among the areas of greatest interest include the installation of technologies in solar energy, and improving energy end-use efficiency in the civil and industrial sectors, including social housing projects. The granting of funding is subject to the permanent employment of at least three young people aged up to 35 years; in the case of hiring more than three units, at least one third of the seats should be reserved for young graduates with no older than 28 years. For projects submitted by srl simplified, SMEs and ESCOs, the minimum number of assumptions is equal to 1 unit. Funding is only for new investment projects, or those started from January 25, 2013, cutting a minimum of € 1 mln, reduced to € 500,000 for projects submitted by SMEs and ESCOs and € 200,000 for projects submitted by SRLs. Other funds managed by CDP are the above mentioned EEEF, managed Deutsche Bank AG and active at the national level through the CDP, is intended to support actions for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. The fund, which is based on an innovative public-private partnership, has a target of € 800 mln. to be achieved with the contribution of capital by public and private investors. 10

2.2 - The case of Slovenia At the moment, in Slovenia the financial instruments to support EE and RES are the following: 1 - Public call for co-financing of the district heating using wood biomass for the period 2011 to 2015 Legitimate purposes: A - Construction of Biomass District Heating systems(BDH) with boiler capacity up to 20 MW; B - Expanding the network at the existing BDH or remote system, which is using geothermal energy with or without the construction of additional boilers using wood biomass. C - Construction of BDH micro-systems. The value of the operation must be at least € 400,000 (excluding VAT). If the subject of the Project is a BDH microsystem or the expansion of the existing BDH network, with or without the construction of additional boilers using wood biomass, the investment value of the operation may be lower than € 400,000, but it must be higher than 150.000€ (excluding VAT). The total amount of financial incentives in the form of grants for the implementation of each operation may amount, a percentage of the eligible investment costs, up to: 

30% for large companies

  

40% for medium companies 50% for small companies 50% for micro/small companies

2 – Public call for non-refundable financial incentives for citizens to make new investments in RES use and increasing EE in apartment buildings Subject of the call are non-refundable financial incentives to citizens for the use of RES and greater EE of apartment buildings on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia for new investments in apartment buildings. Dwelling buildings are buildings with three or more residential units if this public call does not specify otherwise. Non-refundable financial incentives are eligible to a natural person who is the owner, condominium owner or tenant of an apartment in an apartment building, where they will carry out the investment. The amount of funds under this public call is € 4.5 mln. Non-refundable financial incentives are granted for: A – Thermal insulation of facades B – Thermal insulation of the roof or ceiling against unheated space C – Installation of a central heating device with a renewable energy source D – Installation of thermostatic valves and hydraulic balancing of the heating system

3 - Public call for non-refundable financial incentives for citizens to make new investments in RES and increasing EE of residential buildings (18SUB-OB13) Subject of the call are non-refundable financial incentives to citizens for the use of RES and greater EE of apartment buildings on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia for new investments in apartment buildings. The amount of funds under this public call is € 15.5 mln. Non-refundable financial incentives are granted for: A – Installation of a solar heating system in a residential building B - installation of a boiler for central heating of a residential building using wood biomass C – Installation of a heat pump for domestic hot water and/or central heating of a residential building D – Connection to the district heating with a renewable energy source with the initial installation of the central heating system in an older residential building E - Installation of wooden external building furniture in an older residential building F - Thermal insulation of facades over one or two dwelling buildings G - thermal insulation of the roof or ceiling against unheated room in the older one or two dwelling buildings In Slovenia there is no Regional/Local funding instruments for EE and RES and funding instruments are connected to the National funding instruments. Indeed, it is recalled that in Slovenia there is not a real division of the administration at the regional level. The only territorial divisions are the one that provides 11

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"regions" and used only for statistical purposes and one that provides two "macro-regions" used only for the use of EU structural funds.

3 - Sources of public funds at Regional level (Friuli Venezia Giulia Region) In the Region Friuli Venezia Giulia are active the following financial tools: 

Revolving Fund for regional interventions in the agricultural sector. The fund, established by Regional Law 80/1982, is designed to support and promote the development of new interventions in agriculture. A line of the fund is dedicated to agro-energy systems and finances the production enterprises and the processing of agricultural products, with a production unit located in the economic region, participating or will participate in joint-stock companies that manage energy production facilities located in the region and they fed agricultural products or biomass resulting from the same products. The expenditure financed by capital consists in the creation of the management company or the capital increase in the case of companies already in existence.



Guarantee Fund for SMEs. The fund, provided by Article 12a of Regional Law 4/2005, financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and managed by Confidimprese FVG, works to ensure the financial transactions carried out by banks and authorized intermediaries, in favour of SMEs . The fund, which has a total budget of € 22 mln. finances a complex series of actions and does not provide specific guidelines for energy efficiency measures, other than those carried out under, for example, process innovation.

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Regional Law 26/2005 promotes a policy aimed at the development and promotion of research, the diffusion of innovation and the transfer of knowledge and skills, including technological, in favour of undertakings, research centers and innovation and the welfare system and public administration. As for agriculture and fish farming, the Law (Article 17) intervenes in favour of agricultural and fisheries and aquaculture for the realization of innovative investments. The goal, in the agricultural sector, is to encourage research, promotion, development and dissemination: of crops devoted to non-food use, with particular regard to those destined for energy production through the implementation of pilot projects on small scale, demonstrative or innovative; of advanced and innovative environmentally friendly alternative to the use and purpose of energy products and byproducts of food chains; advanced technologies and innovative for the exploitation of RES and the capture and isolation of carbon dioxide. The goal, in the fish farming, is to promote research, promotion, development and dissemination: of advanced and innovative environmentally friendly alternative to the use and purpose of energy products and by-products of the sectors of the fishing and fish farming; advanced technologies and innovative for the exploitation of RES and the capture and isolation of carbon dioxide;

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