The

KVAL

The

next

what

you can

cast

about

Group bids few pages

do during

some

you welcome

will your

events

give

to you as

a group;

events

-

human-to-human

izations and we

- none could

be expected

for

other

but try

to p l a n

of you have

and no less

approach

us

It is for the p r o g r a m

such detours,

a n d that c o m m i t t e e

such m a t t e r s sor H e l m u t h promise

important

seems

suggestions

or scientific.

August

will

fruitful, events

can

often than unpleasant.

sessions for particular issues,

decisive t i m e o n Sunday,

about

a fore-

and familiar-

so that unexpected

more

sent

facts

contains

discussions

but a stochastic

to be pleasant

Some cial

as

It also

with near-certitude,

happen

such

you the main

visit.

which,

to S w e d e n .

to a r r a n g e

organizational, committee

will m e e t 31st.

spe-

practical,

to decide on

for the last and

Correspondence

in

should preferrably be sent directly to profesSchnelle.

As

organizers,

localities a n d all possible

however,

we

can

support to a n y authorized

fraction meeting. Those

of you w h o

h a v e penetrated the preprints w e

h a v e b e e n distributing to you at the s a m e have

r e a c h e d us - I h a v e

the-delay letters,

opinions

with a range

of formulations

personal n e e d s for quite a time - will,

n o doubt, h a v e f o r m e d different,

collected a large supply of e x c u s e -

providing m e

w h i c h will c o v e r m y

rate as m a n u s c r i p t s

divergent or possibly, convergent,

on some

o f f e r to p r i n t m e t a - p r i n t s

issues. with

I want

comments,

to r e p e a t

but

our

to rationalize

debate. No decision lication

of the papers

made

without

three

alternatives

1.

All

has

from

book form.

made

presented,

as nor

the author Is consent. for

contributions

ments

been

to the f a t e

of f u t u r e

could

any decision

I would

recommend

pubbe

consideration: - preprints

in updated

shape

and

other participants - are printed a g a i n

com-

in

2.

Papers

are published through usual channels,

possibly

after joint negotiations with pertinent journal editors. 3.

Restricted a m o u n t s ments

of corrections,

additions,

and c o m -

are published in post-prints in the shape of p a m -

phlets of the s a m e

type as the preprints,

are asked to authorize us to provide whole and post-prints to those w h o

and authors sets of pre-

might want to b u y them.

Alternatives Z and 3 are not exclusive. Those who

can specify a r g u m e n t s

or funds for a n y one

of these lines of action are invited to do so at the conference. Many

enquiries,

suggestions,

and requests,

of challenging statements in manuscripts, would have been pleased to c o m m e n t correspondence.

not to speak

are such that I

u p o n t h e m in personal

I hope you do understand that it is not an

impersonal

or collectivistic attitude but practical necessity

that m a k e s

me

messages

give several a n s w e r s

such as the present one.

in the shape of printed If you think that your

proposals have not b e e n properly a n s w e r e d

or attended to,

I w o u l d appreciate it if you w o u l d repeat your wishes.

!

Arrival The

conference

Since participants different

places,

begins

arrive

on S u n d a y a f t e r n o o n ,

at d i f f e r e n t

times

we cannot promise

transport,

but we will try.

inscribed

COLING at every

August

3tst.

the day at

to o r g a n i z e e v e r y b o d y ' s

So p l e a s e node

of

look out for posters

of t h e n e t w o r k

as

shown

in the diagram. We h a v e

organized

as an accumulator by air

there

to l e a v e

towards

Lacking

to t u r n u p t h e r e the

sinks.

a stroll

equipment will have

of S t o c k h o l m

Unless

Stockholm,

your luggage in our

and w a n t to m a k e

proper

take-offs.

central

you is probably

flow from

office in the midst

with regular

a n d w a n t to s k i r t

nient for

come

our

you arrive

the most

You are

naturally

o f f i c e if y o u a r r i v e

in the city with your hands

for multi-booking, to t a k e p l a c e

conve-

and join the strong

however,

a t S~Lnga-S~by,

welearly free.

registration preferrably

during Sunday. If y o u w a n t to h i r e us know in advance valid driver's check

licence;

that paper.

a car

(use telex~). by law,

to, d r i v e

yourself,

You must

please

then bring

the car-renter

is

let

a

o b l i g e d to

Explanation Each

of t h e d i a g r a m

connection line is marked regular

by an a r r o w

symbol,

meaning

bus or train line

taxi C oling charter

The mode (underground) marked

of c o m m u n i c a t i o n

train,

represents

Ship for ship,

Thus,

(0,

Plane

for plane;

un-

bus or car.

Above each line there the distance

is indicated by T for

is a pair

in Swedish crowns

Z0) m e a n s

of n u m b e r s ,

and in minutes,

a Z0 m i n u t e

trip at zero

indicating

respectively. cost.

B e l o w e a c h line is g i v e n the t i m e ( s ) of d e p a r t u r e ; symbol

&

means

'continuous'

waiting time

at an a r b i t r a r y

buses,

the arrival

from

In e x p r e s s i o n s on the n u m b e r k ~ I,

0.6,

i.e.

less

the

than |5 max.

p o i n t of t i m e ( o r ,

for airport

of a n y p l a n e ) .

l i k e (10k,

of p e r s o n s

0.4,

flow,

0.3 for

30),

travelling l,

Z, 3,

k is a constant depending in the same

vehicle.

and >3 persons,

respect-

ively. All distances according

are

very

rough estimates.

to t a x a m e t e r

plus

10 p e r

In a d d i t i o n to the c o n n e c t i o n s there private

will be spurious cars,

tramp

Taxis

are

marked

in the diagram,

connections with the hosts p

labelled COLING.

paid

cent.

Comments KVAL.

on s o m e n o d e s

The

street

"S0dermalmstorg 4 4 Z Z 60,

address 8",

of K V A L t s

Znd f l o o r .

office is

Telephones:

It i s s i t u a t e d a b o u t 150 m e t e r s (Swedish:

from

the u n d e r g r o u n d

I t u n n e l b a n a I., a b b r e v i a t e d

the office f r o m

that T-station,

T

"Slussen'.

a b o u t 100 m t o t h e n e a r e s t

90 ° t o y o u r l e f t ,

following curbstone

look diagonally across

station

To find

w a l k out of t h e e x i t ~ S l u s s e n ' ,

continue straight

posters.

4Z 3B 24,

a n d 41 43 SO.

the crossing

traffic file,

to n e a r e s t

street

turn

corner,

a n d you w i l l s e e o u r

Cross (not diagonally.l).

Slussen is khe Znd T-stop (destination included) from the central railway station. KVAL is within easy walking distance bron,

where

ships from

Our chartered KVAL.

The

ship leaves from ship,

way of arriving

Arlanda

of c o u r s e ,

at m a n o r s

International Airport sponsor,

is

the quay a few steps from

the o n l y t r u e

gentlemanly

is a gloomy affair Unless

closer

to

you h a v e a p e r f e c t l y

d o n o t out of o l d h a b i t t h r o w

y o u r s e l f i n t o a t a x i to d r i v e up a l t e r n a t i v e s

Skepps-

on M ~ l a r e n .

U p p s a l a than to S t o c k h o l m . shock-absorbing

(3 r a i n ) f r o m

Finland arrive.

you i n t o t o w n b e f o r e l o o k i n g

in our diagram.

Bromma

Domestic

far from

the center.

Airport,

c l o s e to B r o m m a p l a n

via some

other Swedish airport

You w i l l a r r i v e

there

and not

iff you t r a v e l

( w h i c h i s a g o o d w a y of

dodging Arlanda). Brommaplan, S~Lnga-S~by. Number

T,

p o i n t of d e p a r t u r e

Ask natives for where

17 g o e s to S ~ n g a - S ~ b y .

w a l k out of u n d e r g r o u n d

station,

of r e g u l a r

buses

"B/I~lar0bussarna"

To find Bromma look around.

to stop.

Hotel,

Central railway arrive,

to the T - s t a t i o n Haga air

station,

where

all

long-distance

is connected by a short pedestrian

trains

tunnel directly

"T-centralen'.

terminal.

We w i l l h a v e a m a n

stationed there.

o Q

J,

v,,I,

;I

0o )

o,~ ~ , %.

c/,_

C

%

0 N

o

"')'/+

)

t

I

~

+u

)" ~, - . f

.

j

,~

J

•

\

J

J

t

1> it" J~

I

j

lj

,

,

) !

'j'it

,

/

t- - ~~9

•

I I

\

Conference

site

All the conference in parallel

sessions

Participants buildings across

of S ~ n g a - S ~ b y M a n s i o n , strait,

to a n d f r o m

Lunch

will be

Breakfast Skytteholm A beach,

Cars receive

either

of t h e

same

in the

surrounding

in the S k y t t e h o l m

or at Bromma

Bromma,

boats

Hotel.

building.

Manor

Cars

to a n d f r o m

will

Skytteholm.

served

at S~nga-S~by

and SkFtteholm.

and dinner

will be s e r v e d

at S~nga-S~by

and

to t h e r e s i d e n t s . park,

and a bar

s a y nothing of a sauna.

we

will be held at S~nga-S~by rooms

will be l o d g e d

the narrow

commute

meetings

in d i f f e r e n t

will be a v a i l a b l e

There

for hire can be

is a s a u n a

at S~nga-S~by, at S k y t t e h o l m

supplied at request,

the request in g o o d

time.

to

too.

at least if

Costs

For activities

registration

and participation

For

board,

residents

lodging,

single room).

Lodging,

are

included,

are

conference

as well as

ference

at Bromma

each (300:- for and banquet

Sw k r

200:-i

transport

but e x c l u d e s 100:-

Castle,

and con-

and hotel room.

including excursions,

banquet,

if they

excursions,

between Bromma

drinks

each,

pay,

which includes

d a y at S ~ n g a - S ~ b y o r S k y t t e h o l m ,

e l s e Sw k r at Gripsholm

260:-

excursions,

Hotel or elsewhere

participants,

commutation site,

meals,

sputniks) at

but not d r i n k s .

residents

lunch every

fee.

and excursions

(active participants

S ~ n g a - S ~ b y o r S k y t t e h o l m p a y Sw k r

banquet,

in all c o n f e r e n c e

no other fee is payable than the preprint

lunch

but e x c l u d i n g d r i n k s

and

hotel room. To s p e e d up r e g i s t r a t i o n , all payments available

in S w e d i s h k r o n o r .

both at Arlanda

Airport

i0

we must There

a s k you to m a k e is a bank office

and at S~nga-S~by.

n~

d

g

u~

*~

~ o

~ .!~ oo

°

~'~

•

,--1

o

~

•

~

,-..1~

~,.~

~ ~

~-,'~

l~'~ouo

• ®

O~

o~

:

u'J

o

.. .o

U'J~

o

,-1

~

-~

o

U'J ~

: ~_®~

121

..~

d

•

~

.]~

.

o

z o

~

0

~

~

• o-~

®

U

0

~'~ ~

~.~

~

"~

~l~

~'~ ~,

~ ~ ' ~

e :~

~-

~

.~

~

,~ u c~

•~. -o

• ~co

~

0

.~

i,.-

.

co c ~ o

o-,

i

--

Some

important Address

information of c o n f e r e n c e :

Telephones

KVAL,

Fack,

to S A n g a - S a b y M a n s i o n :

Stockholm

40.

0 7 5 6 / 4 2 162 a n d

0 7 5 6 / 4 2 163 to S k y t t e h o l m where

0756 i s t h e n u m b e r to Bromma

where

08 i s t h e n u m b e r Telex

COLING

0 7 5 6 / 2 3 087,

Hotel:

"M~lar6arna"

0 8 / 2 5 Z9 Z0

of t h e S t o c k h o l m

to c o n f e r e n c e

to

Manor:

of t h e d i s t r i c t

site during

district.

conference:

10900

KVAL: KVAL

10 393

In an emergency Nearest

physician:

Nearest

dentist:

Nearest

hospital:

90 000 " j o u r h a v a n d e 90 000 " j o u r h a v a n d e Karolinska

chemist:

St.

Rates

of e x c h a n g e

as p e r

I Br.

pound

12:30;

kr

l:Z8~

kr

0:07.4.

= kr

I Ffr.

= kr

60

Fridhemsplan 5 4 09 90

11 A u g . I US

0:87;

Stockholm

3 4 05 00

G6ran,

telephone

tandlakare"

Hospital,

telephone: Nearest

l~kare"

69

dollar

1 Bfr

= kr

= kr

5:15;

0:09.8;

1 Dmk

:

I Sp.pts

=

Postage Europe postcards letter
5 g letter < ~.0 g

70 ~re

"

45 6re

Japan airmail 45 5re I:20

"

+ 25 6re for e a c h 5 g. + 50 6re for e a c h 5 g. 70 6re

IZ

Climate in the S t o c k h o l m

region about 1 September.

Temperatures

in c e n t i g r a d e Highest Mean M e a n 24 h t e m p e r a t u r e

17

Lowest

11

24 h t e m p .

Highest temp.

since

190i

27.9

Lowest temp.

since

1901

5. I

On an a v e r a g e , mostly

9 d a y s in S e p t e m b e r

in l a t e S e p t e m b e r .

So f a r ,

the s u m m e r

No b e t s a c c e p t e d

Bus

time

table

From

9.40 am 12.25 3.55pm 9.45

20

8

(1968)

are

r a i n y (>_ I m m ) ,

Auto-correlation

is high.

of 1969 h a s b e e n e x c e p t i o n a l l y f i n e . . .

by the h o u s e .

No

17

S~nga-Sliby

Sundays

6.30

-

in 30 y e a r s

14.5

H i g h e s t 24 h t e m p .

Lowest

Weekdays 6.35 am 7.20 9.15 12.10 pm

From

Brommaplan

Sundays 8.20 am 11.20

Weekdays 7.55 am 11.00

5.15 pm

1.25 pm

8.35

3.45

2.30

5.05

4.40

5.45

5.50

7.00

8.00

9.50

.Non-linguistic p r o g r a m On Monday

a concert will be given at S~nga-S~by,

com-

prising Nordic ballads. On

Tuesday,

a visit will be a r r a n g e d to the authentic

i8th century theatre at Drottningholm's performance

of H a y d n ' s

Ii m o n d o

Castle to attend the

de la luna.

(The price for

the entrance fee is not included). On

Wednesday,

an excursion will be m a d e

fred to the city of Mariefred, Castle,

a ride on the m u s e u m

lunch will be our m o s t On

Thursday,

Hasselbacken, g~rden,

A boat.

where

railway,

the conference banquet will be held at

a well-known Stockholm

restaurant on Djur-

Transportation will be arranged.

variety of local excursions can be m a d e

b y bus or

shall have both available and arrange trips for

sputniks during business hours w h e n There

and a " s m O r g ~ s b o r d "

serious items.

close to Skansen.

We

b y s/s M a r i e -

a visit to the G r i p s h o l m

w e hear your wishes.

are bus connections to the center of Stockholm,

no collective a r r a n g e m e n t s

will be m a d e

during the confer-

ence days for sightseeing or shopping there.

i4

but

C O LI

NG

1 9 6 9

LIST ()F PARTICIPANTS

l

7.

AFENDRAS

AHLGREN

Evangelos A

International Center for R e s e a rc h on Btlingualism Citer U n i v e r s i t a i r e Quebec 10

CANADA

Inger

KVAL Fack Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

3

ALLEN

Stare

Forskningsgrnppen f~r modern svenska Vasagatan 7 II 411 24 C~teborg SWEDEN

4

ARSENT'EVA

NG

Inatitut prikladno| matematiki A N SSSR Moskva A-47

5

BAILLE

Alain •

6

7

8

9

i0

Il

BAR-HILLEL

BATES

B;tTOm

BAERENTZEN

BECKMAN

BELLERT

Yehoshua

Reed

Intv~

Per

CETA BP8 3 8 - St. Martin dtHeres

FRANCE

The Hebrew University Jerusalem

ISRAEL

c / o Lampe 40 Graf*Spee 23 Klel

BRD

IBM Deutschland PO Box 266 7032 Sindelfingen

BRD

R~rsangerveJ 11 dk 8220 Brabrand

DENMARK

S~derbergaviigen 67 Sp~mga

Bengt

Irena

Wilcza 69 m. 12A Warsaw

15

SSSR

SWEDEN

POLAND

i2

i3

i4

i5

16

17

18

19

20

21

BENEON

BERTHELSEN

BINNICK

BORKOWSKI

BORSHCHEV

BOSSAERT

BOSTRUP

BOSTRUP

BOURGUIGNON

- BRANDT

23

BRAUN

Allan

KVAL Fack •Stockholm 40

Robert I

BIRBANES~U

Z2

General Dynamics P O Box 1128 San Diego C a l i f o r n i a 92112

,Roger A

CORSTIUS

Adrian

Casimir

VB

W

Carin

Lars

Christiane

USA

SWEDEN

D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s U n i v e r s i t y of Chicago Chicago Ill. 60637

USA

IPA Institutul de p r o i e c t a r i de a u t o m a t i z a r i Bd. Kalinin 18 Sector 1 B u c a r e s t i 36

RUMANIA

AIR Building U n i v e r s i t y of P i t t s b u r g h Pittsburgh P e n s s y l v a n i a 15213

USA

ViniU Otdel Semiotja M o s c o w A-219 BaltiJskaja 14

SSSR

K o r t r y k s e steenweg 79 Gent

BELGIUM

Danasvej 4 1910 Copenhagen V

DENMARK

The Danish Institute f o r Educational R e s e a r c h 101 E m d r u p v e j 2400 Copenhagen MV

DENMARK

16, r u e A F r a n c e 38 - Grenoble

FRANCE

SUchting M a t h e m a t i s c h C e n t r u m 2e B o e r h a a v e s t r a a t 49 A m s t e r d a m (O) The NETHERLANDS

H

Math. Institut d e r T e c h n i s c h e r Hochschule 8 Mt[nchen 2 A r c i s s t r a s s e 21 BRD

Stephan

i6

Z4

25

26

27

Z8

29

BRODDA

BRODDA

BUJAS

BUNTING

C LA UDE L

DAY

Benny

Elizabeth

Zeljko

Karl-Dieter

Anne

Hen~

KVAL Fack Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

KVAL Fack SWckh01m40

SWEDEN

English D e p a r t m e n t Zagreb University 8. Maja 81 Zagreb 1

YUGOSLAVIA

L e h r s t u h l f u r Lingnistik tier Technischen Universitiit 1 B e r l i n 10 E r n s t - R e u t e r - P l a t z 10

BRD

52 C o u r s B e r r i a t 38 - Grenoble

FRANCE

Inatitute f o r Oriental L a n g u a g e s U n i v e r s i t y of Stockholm N o r r t u l l s g a t a n 45 Stockholm

SWEDEN

30

DE BUSSCHERE

L

Instituut vOOr teegepa~te Linguistiek Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BELGIUM

3i

DETERING

Klaus

E n g l i s c h e s S e m i n a r d e r Universlt~t D-78 F r e i b u r g Rotteckring 4 BRD

3Z

DOLBY

James L

R & D Consultants Company 885 No. San Antonio Road Los Altos C a l i f o r n i a 94022

USA

33

DOSTERT

Bozena H

C a l i f o r n i a Institute of Technology Pasadena C a l i f o r n i a 91109 USA

34

DOUGHERTY

C~ng-~

M e r r i l l College U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a Santa C r u z C a l i f o r n i a 95060

17

USA

35

DUGAS

Andrd

Universit~ de Montrgal 2375 ch. c6te Ste-Catherine Montr4al 101 Qu6bec

CANADA

36

DURHAM

Stanton P

Department of Romance Languages The University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48104 4086 F r i e z e Building USA

37

DYER

Robert R

Indiana University Department of C l a s s i c s Ballantine 547 Bloomington Indiana 47401

38

EECKHOUT

39

EDMUNDSON

40

4!

EGGERS

ENGEL

USA

Insfituut voor toegepaste Linguistiek Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BELGIUM I-IP

Hans

Computer Science Center University of Maryland College pa rk Md 20742

USA

G e r m a n i s t i s c h e s Iantitut de r Universit~t des Saarlandes 66 Saarbrtlcken

BRD

Handelsh~jskolenn Sproginstitut Howitzvej 60 Dk 2000 Copenhagen F

G

DENMARK

4Z

ENGELS

L K

Instituut voOr toegepaste l i a g u i s t i e k Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven 5 BELGIUM

43

ENGSTROM

G~ran

KVAL Fack Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

V~stmannagatan 100 A Stock~olm 113 43

SWEDEN

Department of Computer and Communication Sciences 4028 L S A Building The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48104

USA

44

45

ENGWALL

FRIEDMAN

Gunnel

Joyce

18

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

FROMKIN

FROMKINA

F UJIMUHA

GAMMON

GILLOW

GLADKY

Victoria A

RM

HAJICOVA

HARRIS

.HAUGE

USA

Sektor Prikladnogo Tazykol znaiJa Instituta Tasykosnanija AN Moscow

USSR

R e s e a rc h Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Tokyo Hongo Tokyo

Osamu

E

Michael

A

yon GLASERSFELD

Department of Linguistics University of California Los Angeles 90024

Ernst

Department of Linguistics F re s no State College F re s no California 93726

USA

University of Bergen Bergen

NORWAY

IMSO Akademia Nauk Novosibirsk 90

SSSR

Georgia Institute for Research 711 C & S Bank Building Athens Georgia 30601

USA

P r a h a 10 Strasnice V zgtocce 1049

Eva

CETADOL Universit~ de Montreal C. P. 6128 Montreal 101 Qu6bec

B

HAYS

CZECHOSLOVAK~

CANADA

Nordisk Inetitutt P r o s i e s t for Datamaskinell Spr~kbehandiing Universitetet Postboks 563

JH

5001 BERGEN 56

JAPAN

Department of Linguistics State University of New York Buffalo New York 14214

David G

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NOHWAY

USA

57

58

59

60

61

6Z

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

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KolbJ~rn

HELTBERG

Kristine

HERZOG

Reinhart

HOFMANN

T R

H O O DROBERTS

HOLT

HOPPE

Henrik

Je ns

Alfred

HYLDGAARD-JENSEN

IIVONEN

JACOBSON

JANSSON

JOSHI

Karl

Antti

Sven

Staffan

A

NORWAY

Kastanievaenget 14 5793 H~jby F

DENMARK

IBM Germany OP Basic R e s e a r c h 7032 Sindelfiagen P O BOX 266

BRD

Linguistique ~ Langues Mad. Universit6 d'Ottawa Ottawa 2

CANADA

Center for Applied Linguistics 1717 Massachusetts Ave. N W Washington D C 20036

A

HOLMBOE

Universitetet Nordisk Institutt 5001 Bergen

Dalsagervej 12 8250 Eg~

USA

DENMARK

Universitotet Aarhus

DENMARK

Forschungsgruppe LIMAS 53 Bonn C o l m a n t s t r a s s e 24

BRD

KC~benhavns Universitet Institut for Germansk Filologi Km'bmagergade 44-46 1150 Copenhagen K University of Oulo Institute of Phonetics Torikatu 7 Oulu

DENMARK

FINLAND

Strandpromenaden 25 B Saltsj5 Duvn~s

SWEDEN

P r o f e s s o r s s l i n g a n 39 V Stockholm 50

SWEDEN

Department of Linguistics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104

USA

Z0

70

7i

JOSSELSON

JUST

72

KALM~R

73

KARLGREN

74

KARTTUNEN

Harry

Joachim

W a y n e State U n i v e r s i t y Slavic D e p a r t m e n t Detroit 2 M i c h i g a n 43202

USA

ZMD 6 Frankfurt/Main 1 H o l z h a u s e n s t r a s s e 44

BRD

R e s e a r c h G r o u p f o r Math. L o g i c a n d T h e o r y of A u t o m a t a of The H u n g a r i a n A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s Szeged S o m o g y i B d l a u.7 HUNGARY Hans

Lauri

KVAL Fack S t e c k h o l m 40

SWEDEN

U n i v e r s i t y of T e x a s a t A u s t i n D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s A u s t i n T e x a s 78712

USA

75

KASHER

Asa

F a c u l t y of M a t h e m a t i c s a n d S c i e n c e Bar Ilan University Ramat-Gan ISRAEL

76

KAY

Martin

The Rand Corporation 1700 Main S t r e e t S a n t a M o n i c a C a l i f o r n i a 90406

USA

Euskirchen Carmanstrasse

BRD

77

78

79

80

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KEIL

K1EFER

KLEIN

KLEIN

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Roll-Dietrich

Ferenc

Sheldon

Woggang

Rodger

21

5

MTA C o m p u t i n g C e n t e r Budapest 1 U r i u t c a 49

HUNGARY

Computer Sciences Department U n i v e r s i t y of W i s c o n s i n 1210 W e s t Dayton S t r e e t M a d i s o n W i s c o n s i n 53706

USA

German~stisehes Institut der Universit~t des Sarrlandes 66 S a a r b r U e k e n

BRD

Taltransmissionslab. Kungliga Tekniska HSgskolan 100 44 S t o c k h o l m

SWEDEN

8Z

K O C K de

Verbindingsstraat 10 D e s t e l b e r g e n

BELGIUM

83

KOK

GHA

Stichting M a t h e m a t i s c h C e n t r u m 2 e B o e r h a a v e s t r a a t 49 A m s t e r d a m (O) The NETHERLANDS

84

KRENN

Herw i g

S c h l o s s t r a s s e 29 6 Frankfurt/Main

BRD

68 Mannheim Nebeniusstrasse 9

BRD

85

KROLLMANN

Friedrich

86

KULAGINA

0

I n s t i t u t de Mathdmatiques Appliquffes 4 Place Miousskaia Moscow A-47 SSSR

87

L~DEFOGED

Peter

D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a Los A n g e l e s C a l i f o r n i a 90024

USA

91 C a r r i n g t o n Ave. P r o v i d e n c e , Rhode Island 02906

USA

Connecticut V a l l e y Hospital Middletown C onne c t i c ut 06457

USA

Kauppalank 25 C 20 Kouvola

FINLAND

Nowy Swiat 72 Warszawa

POLAND

88

89

90

91

9Z

LAFERRIERE

LAFFAL

LEHTO

LESKI

LEUNBACH

Ma rt ha

Julius

Leena

Kasimir

Gustav

DanmRrks Pedagog. Institut Emdrupsvej I01 Copenhagen

DENMARK

93

LILJEGREN

G~te

Kgl. Patent- o R e g i s t e r i n g s v e r k e t Box 5055 Stockholm 5 SWEDEN i

94

LOCKE

William N

Room 14S-216 M a s s a c h u s e t t s Avenue Cambridge M a s s a c h u s e t t s 02139

95

LOCKEMANN

Peter C

USA

California Institute of Technology PaBadena C a l i f o r n i a 91109 USA 22

96

97

LOMAN

LONGYEAR

98

LUDSKANOV

99

MA RC US

Bengt

CR

Talsyntax Helgonabacken 12 Lund

SWEDEN

The University of Connecticut S t e r r s Connecticut 06268

USA

Group Linguistique Mathdmatique et traduction automatique Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Mathematical Institute with Computing Center 1 rue Simeonova Sofia 26 BULGARIA ~lomon

Institutul de Matematica Str. Mihai Eminescu, 47 Bucharest 9

RUMANIA

I00

MARTIN

W

lnstituut voor toegepaste linguistiek Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BELGIUM

i0i

MASTERMAN

Margaret

CLRU 20 Millington Road Cambridge

ENGLAND

Department of Linguistics Str. Horea31 Universitatea Babes-Bolyai Cluj

RUMANIA

102

103

104

105

106

i07

MATHI~

MAYOH

MeCAWLEY

McKAY

M{NOW

MZY

JAKAB

Brian

James

MH

Martin

Jacob

Z3

Computing Center Universitetet Aarhus

DENMARK

Department of Linguistics University of Chicago Chicago

USA

140 Thornton Road Girton Cambridge CB 3 0 N D

ENGLAND

KVAL Fack Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

The University of Texas Department of Linguistics Austin T e x a s 78712

USA

108

MOESSNER

i09

MONTGOMERY

110

MOTSCH

III

MOYNE

112

113

Lilo

MULLNER

NEDOBEJKINE

115

NILSSON

OPHEIM

119

OVERBEKE

120

PALME

Nikolai

123 Otis S t r e e t Newtonville M ~ s s . 02160

USA

6231 N i e d e r h o f h e i m B r u n n e n s t r a s s e 30

BRD

19 rue Lachmann 38 - Grenoble

FRANCE

Instltuut voor toegepaste linguistiek Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BELGIUM

Lars

Bengt

NORDBERG

USA

Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften Arbeitsstelle Strukturelle Grammatik 108 B e r l i n Otto~Nuschke-Strasse 22/23 DDR

Ingrid

NILSSON

118

The B u n k e r - R a m o C o r p . 8433 F a l l b r o o k A v e n u e Canoga Park C a l i f o r n i a 91304

Klaus

NIEUWBORG

117

Christine A

Wolf g a n g

114

it6

78 F r e i b u r g Englisches Seminar der Universi~t Rotteckring 4 BRD

Gunnar

KVAL Fack S t o c k h o l m 40

SWEDEN

KVAL Fack S t o c k h o l m 40

SWEDEN

FUMS St. L a r s g a t a n 1 Uppsala

SWEDEN

Nordisk Institutt Prosjekt for datamaskinell spr~tkbehandling Post~oks 563 N-5001 Bergen NORWAY

Instituut voor toegepaste linguistiek Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BE LGIUM

van

Jacob

Sektion 822 FOA P Stockholm 80

24

SWEDEN

IZl

i22

1 Z3

lZ4

125

iZ6

PANKOWICZ

van P A S S E L

PAUCHARD

PETERS

PETOFI

PISANI

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105 Stanwix S t r e e t Rome N Y 13440

Fr.

USA

Military A c a d e m y of Belgium Antwerpsestw. 12 Mechelen

H~ene

Stanley

JS

BELGIUM

3 Avenue F o r t h u n y 95 - Soisy-Sons-Montmorency

FRANCE

University of Texas D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s Austin Texns 78712

USA

Computing c e n t e r of the Hungarian A c a d e m y of Sciences Budapest I Uri u t c a 49

PP

Computer C e n t e r The U n i v e r s i t y of G e o r g i a Athens G e o r g i a 30601

HUNGARY

USA

IZ7

PITHA

Petr

Laborator Algebraick4 Lingvistiky University Karlovy Malostranskd ngm,, 25 Praha I Mala Strana CZECHOSLOVAKIA

iZ8

POLO

J

La Zubia (Granada)

129

PRATT

AW

D e p a r t m e n t of Health, Education and Welfare Public Health Service National Institute of Health Bethesda Maryland 20014 USA

i30

PRUCHA

Jan

Petrovice v P r a h y 110

i31

132

QUE~DO

RIBBING

AAM

Thyra

Z5

SPAIN

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s and Modern L a n g u a g e s University of Montreal C a s e P o s t a l e 6128 Montreal

CANADA

KVAL Fa~ Steckholm 40

SWEDEN

133

RICE

Lloyd

1929 12th St. A p t A S a n t a M o n i c a , C a . 90404

USA

i34

RICHTER

H~mut

D 5300 B o n n A d e n a u e r a l l e e 98 e I n s t i t u t fllr K o m m u n i k a t l o n s f o r s e h u n g u n d P h o n e t i k d e r U n i v e r s i ~ t Bonn BRD

135

RISCHEL

Jdrgen

Skyttebjerg 123

136

137

138

139

1 40

141

! 42

143

ROGERS

ROHRER

ROSENGREN

ROSSIPA L

ROTHKEGEL

ROUAULT

SALO

SALTON

David E

Christian

Inger

Hans

Annely

J

Naerurn

DENMARK

1550 P l y m o u t h Rd. Apt. 15 A n n A r b o r M i c h i g a n 48105

USA

Romanisches Seminar d e r U n i v e r s i ~ t Ttlbingen 74 TtIbingen Wilhemstrasse 5

BRD

V i t l n e s g r ~ a d 39 Lurid

SWEDEN

KVAL Fa~ Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

Germanistisches Institut der UniversitAt des Saarlandes 86 S a a r b H l c k e n

BRD

CETA BP8 - 38 St. M a r t i n d , H e r e s

Irina

Hoplaksv~igen 8a6 H e l s i n g f o r s 33 D e p a r t m e n t of C o m p u t e r S c i e n c e s Cornell University I t h a c a New Y o r k 14850

Gerard

FRANCE

FINLAND

USA

I

l 44

145

SAMUELSDORFF

SANDEWALL

P O

I n s t i t u t fttr S p r a c h w i s s e s s c h a f t 5 K61n U n i v e r s i f i i t

Erik

BRD

Institutionen f6r ioformationsbehandling Stttregatan 4 B Uppsala SWEDEN

Z6

1 46

147

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SANKOFF

SCHANK

SCHNELLE

David

Roger C

He|mut

Mathematics Department McGill U n i v e r s i t y M o n t r e a l 2, Q u e b e c

CANADA

D e p a r t m e n t of C o m p u t e r S c i e n c e Stanford University S t a n f o r d C a l i f o r n i a 94305

USA

L e h r s t u h l ftlr L i n g u i s t i k Technische Universit~t Berlin E r n s t - R e u t e r - P l a t z 10 (5. OG) 1 B e r l i n 10

BRD

i 49

SCHWARC Z

Robert M

Education Systems Department System Development Corporation 2500 C o l o r a d o Avenue S a n t a Moniea C a l i f o r n i a 90406 USA

i 50

SCHVEIGER

Paul

Babes-Bolyai University Cluj H o r e a 31

RUMANIA

TNC B o x 5073 Stockholm 5

SWEDEN

Viniti Otdel S e m i o t j a Moscow A-219 B a l t i j s k a j a 14

USSR

i5 i

15Z

i 53

SELANDER

SHREJDER

SIRO

Einar

JA

Paavo

P y y n i k i n t o r i 4-6 F 6 8 Tampere

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154

SKALMOWSKI

W

I n s t i t u t vOor t o e g e p a s t e L i n g u i s t i e k Vesaliusstraat 2 Leuven BELGIUM

155

SMITH

Raoul N

Northwestern University D e p a r t m e n t of L i n g u i s t i c s 621 F o r s t e r S t r e e t E v a n s t o n Illinois 60201

USA

L i n d e v e j 29 2890 H a r e s k o v

DENMARK

F o r s c h u n g s g r u p p e LIMAS 53 Bonn C o l m a n s t r a s s e 24

BRD

• i 56

i 57

SPANG-HANSSEN

SPILLNER

Ebbe

Bernd

Z7

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STEIN

M~frie

Computer Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest I Uri utca 49 HUNGARY

i59

STIERS

MR

CETA B P 8 , 38 - St. Martin d' H e re s

i60

161

16Z

i 63

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165

166

167

168

169

170

STREETER

SU

SVENSSON

SZANSER

sZOLL~SY

S~GVALL

TER-MIKAEL'AN

T'SOU

WALKER

WALL

WANG

Victor J

Stanley Y W

Bengt

AJ

1140 Nielsen CT Ann Arbor Michigan 48105

USA

Rand Corporation 1700 Main Street Santa Moniea California 90406

USA

KVAL Fack Stockholm 40

SWEDEN

3 Bingley Road Sunlmry on Thames Middx.

ENGLAND

Computing Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Hudapest I Uri utca 49

Eva

Anna-Lena

T M

Benjamin K

DE

Robert

William S Y

Z8

FRANCE

HUNGARY

Kungsgaten 52 C II Uppsala

SWEDEN

Ere va n 44 VZ AN SSSR ul. Gastello I

SSSR

University of California Berkeley California 94720

USA

The MITRE Corporation Bedford Mass. 07130

USA

Department of Linguistics The University of Texas Austin Texas 78712

USA

Department of Linguistics University of California B e rke l e y California 94720

USA

171

VARGA

172

VASILIU

173

WAAUB

174

175

176

177

178

VA UQUOIS

WEBER

VEILLON

VERBURG

WILKS

C o m p u t i n g C e n t e r of the H u n g a r i a n A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s HUNGARY B u d a p e s t I U r i u t e a 49

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Institute of P h o n e t i c s a n d D i a l e c t a l R e s e a r c h 194 Cale~f V i c t o r i c i Bucarest RUMANIA J-M

Bernard

4 rue des Acacias Baudour

BELGIUM

CETA B P 8 Campus Universitaire 38 - St. M a r t i n d ' H e r e s

FRANCE

Germanistisches Institut der Universit~t des Saarlandes 6600 S a a r b r i l c k e n 3

Heinz J o s e f

Ggrard

CETA BP8 38 - St. M a r t i n d ' H e r a s

Pieter A

Hngepreekkamp 4 Groningen

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The N E T H E R L A N D S

1353 N. F u l l e r Hollywood, C a l i f o r n i a 90046

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BRD

USA

179

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WW

D o l m e t e c h e r InsUtut d e r U n i v e r n i t ~ t S a a r l a n d e s 6602 D u d w e i l e r F i s c h b a c h s t r a s z e 111 BRD

180

WOOD

Gordon R

English Faculty S o u t h e r n Illinois U n i v e r s i t y Edwardsville Illinois 62025

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181

WOLKENSTEIN

N

C e n t r o Studi C a l c o l a t r i c i E l e t t r o n i c h e V i a S . M a r i a 46 P i s a ITALY

182

WOOLLEY

George H

1467 M a n h a t t a n B e a c h B o u l e v a r d Manhattan Beach C a l i f o r n i a 90266 USA

183

WOYNA

Adam G

ERIC C l e a r i n g h o u s e f o r L i n g u i s t i c s Center for Applied Linguistics 1717 M a s s a c h u s e t t s Ave. N W W a s h i n g t o n D C 20036 USA Z9

184

185

WUNDERLICH

YANG

~e~r

Shou-Chuan

1 B e r l i n 41 - S t e g l i t z B r e n t a n o s t r a s s e 67

BRD

Data and Computation Center U n i v e r s i t y of W i s c o n s i n 4426 Social S c i e n c e B u i l d i n g M a d i s o n W i s c o n s i n 53706

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186

ZAMPOLLI

A

Centro Nazionale U n i v e r s i t a r i o di C a l c o l o E l e t t r u n i c o V i a S. M a r i a 36 Plea ITALY

i87

ZALIZNIAK

A

Institut d'Etudes Slaves de l'Academie des Sciences Groupe Structural 30a avenue Troulmikovskll Moscow

i88

189

190

ZETTERSTEN

ZIMMERMANN

ZOLTAN

Engelska institutionen Lunds tmiversitet Ltmd

Arne

G e r m a n i s t i s c h e a InsUtut der Universifiit des Saarlandes 66 S a a r b r f l c k e n

Harald

Szabo

USSR

SWEDEN

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Babes-Bolyal University

ciuj H o r e a 31 19i

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OHMAN

Jan-Gunnar

Sven

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F o l k u n g a g a t a n 18 A II .U p p s a l a

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Flintbacken 6 ~ o l m S~

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48 M a r c u s

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20 M e y

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50 Pet6fi

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43 Q u e r i d o Z7 Rouault

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44 Streeter

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CA

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13 S u / H a r p e r

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7 Szanser

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2Z v. Glasersfeld

CA

2..I

61 V a r g a

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60 Vasiliu

47 J o s h i

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39 V e r b u r g 63 W a l k e r

36 Josselson

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66 KalmeLr

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19 W o o d

68 K a r l g r e n

A L 2. 3

37 W o o l l e y

Karttunen 64Kiefer

5. i

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C A 6. I

S 2.4 IR 2.3

D Z. 3

TG

33 livonen

T G 3.3

16 S k a l m o w s k i / O v e r b e k e

10 F u j i m u r a / K a g a y a

CA

IR 3.4

Z9 S c h w a r c z

53 F r o m k i n / R i c e

67 H o p p e

S 2.3

45 Peters

D 1.2

CA

IR t . 3

17 N e d o b e j k i n e / V a u q u o i s / Veillon/Bourguignon

II Pratt/Pacak

Pail let 5 Durham/Rogers

40 M o y n e

8 Wilks

D i. 4 IR 3.5 CA

4.2

IR 4. l A L 2.4 S I. 4 P 1 IR 1 . 4 IR Z. 4 D 2.4 IR l . 5

TG

4. I

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CA

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21 K l e i n / K u p p i n / M e i v e s

D 2.2

51 Y a n g

57 L a d e f o g e d

D 1.3

42 Y a n g / Y a n g

TG 1.2

59 Z o l t ~ n

C A 1.3

31

UPDATED

VERSION

OF

INTERNATIONAL

GROUPING

OF

CONFERENCE

COMPUTATIONAL

PAPERS

FOR

ON

LINGUISTICS

1969

Algebraic and Theoretical .Linguistics

AL AL

1

Al_gebraic Ling~i__stic._s -

AL

2

Marcus,

S.:

- Peters,

S. :

- Pet6fi,

J.S. :

-

Varga,

-

T h e U s e of C o n t e x t - s e n s i t i v e R u l e s i n I m m e d i a t e C o n s t i t u e n t A n a l y s i s (45)

R.C., D. :

- Karlgren,

3

(48)

P a r s i n g _ Th_e o_ri_es _ a n d P r o c e d u r e s

Schank,

AL

Contextual Grammars

On t h e P r o b l e m s o f T e x t s (50)

of C o - t e x t u a l

L.G. Tesler: A Conceptual Dependency P a r s e r f o r N a t u r a l L a n g u a g e (Z) P r o b l e m s of I m p r o v i n g P a r s i n g S y s t e m s (61)

H. : M u l t i - I n d e x

s e e a l s o : Su,

Analysis

S.Y.W.,

the Efficiency

Syntactical Calculus

K.E.

Harper

of

{68)

( C A 4. Z)

_Th_.e_or.y o f G r a m m a r s -

BirbtLnescu, Gladky, Joshi,

-

Kiefer,

-

Mey,

A . : N e t w o r k s of B i n a r y R e l a t i o n s i n N a t u r a l L a n g u a g e s . E l e c t r i c a l A n a l o g u e s (54)

A.V., A.K. :

F.:

J. :

- Kalmar,

I.i.

Mel~uk: Tree

mars) (1)

Grammars

{ A - G r a m -

Properties of F o r m a l G r a m m a r s with M i x e d T y p e s of R u l e s a n d t h e i r L i n g u i s t i c R e l e v a n c e (47) A Progress R e p o r t on t h e U s e o f S l a n t Grammar Calculus for Automatic Analysis (64) On the P r e s e r v a t i o n of C o n t e x t - f r e e L a n g u a g e s i n a L e v e l - b a s e d S y s t e m (20)

L. :

An Intuitive Representation f r e e L a n g u a g e s (66)

3Z

of C o n t e x t -

TG

Transformational G r a m m a r s

TG 1

_Gr_aphemic s Fujimura,

-

- Yang,

O.,

S.C.,

R. Kagaya: Structural Patterns of Chinese Characters ( I 0 )

C.W.

Writer TG

Character

S. :

S o m e F o r m a l Properties of Phonological R e d u n d a n c y Rules (6)

V.A.,

D . L . Rice: A n Interactive Phonological Rule Testing S y s t e m (53)

Fromkin,

3

Transformational G r a m m a r - Binnick,

R . I . : A n Application of an E x t e n d e d Generative Semantic M o d e l of L a n g u a g e to M a n M a c h i n e Interaction (18)

- Friedman, - Querido,

-

TG

Universal G r a p h i c

Z ,. Phonolo_~y Braun,

TG

Yang: A (4Z)

4

see

also

J.: Applications of a C o m p u t e r Transformational G r a m m a r

for

A.A.M.: Grammaire I. Description T r a n s f o r m a tionnelle d lun S o u s - e n s e m b l e du Francais (43) Walker,

Transformational - Karttunen,

System

(14)

D.E.

Grammar L.:

Discourse

33

(IR

1.4)

and

Problems

Referents

of Reference

S

Semantics

S t

Syntax

and L o~cal

I

- Bellert,

I. :

Schwarcz,

R.M. : Towards a Computational Formalization of N a t u r a l - L a n g u a g e S e m a n t i c s (Z9)

- Vasiliu,

E.:

- Wunderlich,

S 2

Semantics

O n t h e U s e of L i n g u i s t i c Q u a n t i f y l n g Operators in the Logico-Semantic Structure Representation of U t t e r a n c e s (Z8)

The tTime-Category~ ges and its Semantic

D.- Ueber Zeitreferenz und Tempus t i m e r e f e r e n c e a n d t e n s e ) (23)

S.yntax and Lo~cal -Dugas,

A.,

- Nedobejkine,

in Natural LanguaInterpretation (60)

M.

Semantics

(On

2

Gopnik, B. Harris, J.P. Paillet: Projet de Traduction Automatique ItUniversite d e M o n t r e a l (55)

Le

N., B. Vauquois, G. Veillon, C. Bourguign o n : Une n o t a t i o n d e s t e x t e s h o r s d e s contraintes morphologiques et syntaxiques "

de l J e x p r e s s i o n (17) - Rouault,

J. :

Quelques

applications

de la Iogique ~ la

s e m a n t i q u e d e s l a n g u e s n a t u r e l l e s (Z7)

34

CA

Computational

CA I

-An_.aI_ysis of W o r d s - Bflnting,

K.D.:

Gammon, Zoltan,

CA 2

Empirical Derivation

-

I n v e s t i g a t i o n of G e r m a n W o r d w i t h t h e A i d of a C o m p u t e r (30)

E. : Quantitative S. :

Approximation

Some Problems the Framework (59)

- A n a l y s i s of S e n t e n c e s -

and MT

I

E. v.: Semantics and the Syntactic f i c a t i o n of W o r d s (22)

Pisani,

: Organization and Programming Multistore Parser (25)

Analysis - B~tori,

P.P. A. :

Die semantische riven Grammatik

of S e n t e n c e s I. :

and MT

Disambiguating

-

Bujas,

Z.:

Leunbach, Eggers,

- Woyna,

Classi-

of t h e

Syntax der Kommunikaa u f E D V - A n l a g e n (67)

2 Verbs

with

Meaning in the MT-System G e r m a n y (31) -

to t h e W o r d (12)

of W o r d - F o r m a t i o n within of a G e n e r a t i v e G r a m m a r

Glasersfeld,

- Hoppe,

CA 3

Analysis

Multiple

of I B M

Computers in the Yugoslav Serbo-Croat/ E n g l i s h C o n t r a s t i v e A n a l y s i s P r o j e c t (26) G. : S y n t a c t i c A n a l y s i s b y A l t e r n a t i n g t i o n a n d I n s p e c t i o n (15)

H.,

Gomputa-

A. Rothkegel-Schramm, W. K l e i n , H - J . Weber, H. Zimmermann: Diskontinuierl i c h e K o n s t i t u e n t e n (65)

A . G . : S e m a n t i c s of P r e p o s i t i o n a l Constructs i n R u s s i a n : T e n t a t i v e A p p r o a c h (32)

35

CA 4

Analysis -

- Su, -

-

CA 5

of T e x t s

Montgomery,

C.A. : Linguistics Processing (41)

S.Y.W.,

see also

and Automated

K.E. Harper: A Directed g r a p h G e n e r a t o r (13)

PetOfi,

J.S.

see also Walker,

Random

Language Para-

(AL Z.2)

D.E.

(IB. 1 . 4 )

Lexicon Josselson,

H . H . : T h e L e x i c o n : A S y s t e m of M a t r i c e s of L e x i e a l U n i t s a n d t h e i r P r o p e r t i e s

Dougherty,

Ching-Yi: A Pragmatic Approach to Machine T r a n s l a t i o n f r o m C h i n e s e t o E n g l i s h (38)

(36)

-

CA 6

Automatic

Reco~ition

- Iivonen,

A. :

Philosophy

of C o m p u t a t i o n a l

- Verburg,

P.A.:

of S p e e c h

Automatic Recognition by a Digital Computer

Linguistics

Hobbes t Calculus

36

of S p e e c h (33)

of W o r d s

Sounds

Diachronics,

D

D

Comparative

Linguistics,

Dialectology

1

-Afendras, - Durham,

E.A. : Mathematical Models for Balkan P h o n o l o g i c a l C o n v e r g e n c e (56) S.P.,

Ladefoged, Smith,

P. : The M e a s u r e m e n t (57)

D 2

of Phonetic Similarity

R.N. : Automatic Simulation of Historical Change (9)

Sankoff, D. : -

D . E . R o g e r s : A n A p p l i c a t i o n of C o m p u t e r P r o g r a m m i n g to the reconstruction of a Proto-language (5)

see also T G

Simulation of W o r d - m e a n i n g Processes (49)

Stochastic

Z

_Comparative Linguistics, Dialectolo~y__ - Francis,

-

W.N.,

J. Svartvik, G . M . Rubin: C o m p u t e r produced Representation of Dialectal Variation: Initial Fricatives in Southern British English (5Z)

Klein, S., M . A . Kuppin, K . A . Meives: M o n t e Carlo Simulation "of Language Change in Tikopia & M a o r i (Zi) Skalmowski,

- Wood,

G.R.:

W., M . van Overbeke: Computational Analysis of Interference on the Lexical Level (16) Dialectology by C o m p u t e r

37

(19)

IR

Information Retrieval

IR t

._La_n~u_ages a n d _ S y s t e m s f o r I n f o r m a t i o n R e t r i e v a l - Dostert,

B.H.,

- Lockemann,

Moyne,

F.B. Thompson: Reh A Rapidly Ext e n s i b l e L a n g u a g e S y s t e m . II. R e l English (35)

P.C., F.B. T h o m p s o n : Rel: A Rapidly Extensible L a n g u a g e System. I. The Rel L a n g u a g e P r o c e s s o r (34)

J.A. : A Progress Report on the Use of English in Information Retrieval (40)

Walker,

D . E . : Computational Linguistic Techniques in an O n - L i n e S y s t e m for Textual Analysis

(63) Woolley, - Yang,

IR 2

G . H . : Automatic Text Generation (37)

SoC.:

Search Algorithm and Data Structure for an Efficient Information S y s t e m (51)

Indexiu~u _Id entification I - Benson,

R . A , : Nexus: A Linguistic Technique for Precoordination (3)

•dmundson,

Salton,

G. :

Automatic Processing age D o c u m e n t s (4)

- Wilks,

Y. :

Interactive Semantic Analysis of English P a r a g r a p h s (8)

-

IK 3

of F o r e i g n Langu-

Inde x i n ~ _I_de_nt~fication II -

-

-

-

IK 4

H.P., M . N . Epstein: C o m p u t e r - a i d e d R e s e a r c h on S y n o n y m y and A n t o n y m y (58)

Borkowski,

Laffal,

C.: Structure, Effectiveness, and Uses of the Citation Identifier, an Operational C o m p u t e r P r o g r a m f o r A u t o m a t i c I d en t i f i c a t i o n of C a s e Citations in Legal Literature (46)

J. :

Pratt, A, W., Streeter,

Total or Selected Content Analysis (24) M . G . Pacak: A u t o m a t e d Processing of Medical English (II)

V.J.: Syntactia Patterns in a S a m p l e Technical English (44)

of

Documentation -

Szanser,

A.J. : Automatic Error-correction in Natural L a n g u a g e s (7)

38

A Short

G u i d e to t h e L a k e

General

information

M~lar

about

the a r e a

When a Stockholmer M~lar

Islands)

Lake

M~lar

tends

about

400 s q u a r e

he

ever

since

west

to t h e

of S t o c k h o l m . feet higher

in those the

straits

for large

the water

was

and the Baltic at S6dert~lje.

Sea could also Nowadays

only because

steam

all towns

on t h e l a k e ;

appeared

through some

ship passenger these

steam

the development

are

still kept

than part

began

have

through

and locks constantly

18 f e e t c a n M~ilar. between

almost

of a u t o m o b i l e

running

water-

be r e a c h e d

of L a k e

traffic

ships

area

the lake is traf-

of c a n a l s

of l e s s

V~ister~s and K 6 p i n g in the w e s t

but

1Zth

than ten

by many

with a draught

fic,

more

The whole

crossed

dredged.

regular

ten

the

of t h e O l d T o w n

and S6dert~ilje and which are

I n 1820,

sea

level was

than at present.

vessels

Vessels

of

out of t h e of a b o u t

built in Stockholm

reach

of a b o u t

part

a lake during

on b o t h s i d e s

and Uppsala

days,

was

a n d i n t h e V i k i n g A g e ( 9 t h to 10th c e n -

feet higher

Stockholm

through

sea

At that time

than now,

sixteen

ficable

M~lar

emerging

it became

map;

and ex-

with an area

Lake

of l a n d

(the

enclosed

of i s l a n d s

t h e e n d of t h e I c e A g e ( a t a r a t e

century with outlets

ways

on t h e

thousands

times,

As a result

years)

tury)

of " M ~ i l a r 6 a r n a "

of S t o c k h o l m ,

In e a r l y

in a hundred

between

speaks

to t h e i s l a n d s

however,

70 m i l e s miles.

the Baltic Sea.

inches

refers

contains,

Islands

dis-

and bus traf-

cultural

organi-

zations.

The

M~[lar Islands w e r e

early a flourishing area thanks

to agriculture and trade on the Baltic and the North Seas. This is evidenced f r o m Migration, mounds,

many

the Viking A g e rune

stones,

been discovered,

monuments

and rich archeological

the G e r m a n i c burial

findings have

especially on the two trading places Birka

and Helg~ (Nos

18 and Z3 on the map),

islands.

1300,

About

from

and the early Middle Ages:

king M a g n u s

39

both situated on snaall

Ladui~[s resided for a while

on A d e l s 6 ,

the

island

western-most

the Middle-Ages

large

nated the islands,

estate

and many

small

can be found in the islands. organizations

on the m a p .

owners,

mostly

castles

Nowadays,

Already

nobility,

or large

in

domi-

manors

the state or economic

own the land in many places.

Agriculture

is t

still important: fruit farming.

After the kings of

up p e r m a n e n t The palace

residence

of S v a r t s j 6

in the same drottning

t h e M~ilar I s l a n d s

century

are

churches.

in Stockholm,

the first

pectiveiy).

On F g r i n g s 6

The church ningholm

are

island,

of E k e r 6

by pirates

Further

churches

of t h e m w e r e

were

along the same finally,

already

MYlar Islands,

war

of M g l a r e n

place which had previously

owned land here,

t h e 1 7 t h a n d 18th c e n t u r i e s , Nowadays, excursions

40

the city of

taking o v e r the b e e n p l a y e d by the the his-

Many leading

Skytteholm,

during

when Sweden was a Great

by car,

boats.

and Sigtuna.

Since that time

f¢,: i n s t a n c e

the beautiful islands

- on bike,

There-

to p r o t e c t

Finland and Estonia

t h e t o w n s of B i r k a

and Uppsala.

by bus,

of

when

was often ravaged

fleets from

destroyed

Sigtuna,

r o a d one

a lake in the IZth century.

t o r y o f t h e M~ilai: I s l a n d s h a s b e e n p e a c e f u l . statesmen

of t h e

the church

in e x i s t e n c e

a s " l o c k a n d b o l t of L a k e M ~ i l a r e n " ,

of t r a d i n g

Sk~, res-

Drottningholm.

S t o c k h o l m w a s f o u n d e d i n t h e 13th c e n t u r y , role

a n d 5,

also built as fortresses

for the district

and organized

for instance,

To serve

four churches:

12, 9, 8,

o f M u n s 6 (No 31) a n d ,

All these

the population,

are

(No Z1) i s a l o n g t h e r o a d b e t w e e n D r o t t -

and Skytteholm.

many

also called SvartsjOlandet,

there

of L o v 6 l i e s n e a r

the b a y of M~ilaren b e c a m e

which,

and

however,

Medieval paintings in the vaults

The church

finds the church

fore,

land here.

b u i l d i n g s in the i s l a n d s ,

and F~irentuna (Nos

There

three.

Adels6.

they acquired

to be royal p r o p e r t y

p a l a c e a t D r o t t n i n g h o l r n (No 26;

remaining

HilleshOg,

latter

for

the Wasa family had taken

(No 10) c a m e

S~nga-S~iby is situated,

SAnga,

above all famous

= queen) was built.

The oldest

where

are

are

popular

Power.

goals for

or by sail or motor

•

1 f

0

@

@

@

@ J

0 ~.

• '

'4!

Lesends

of' t h e m a p

A

= Island o£ F~irings0 or SvartsjSlandet

B

= Island of L o v 0

C

= Island of E k e r 6

D

= Island of Lill6 or H e l g 0

E

= Island of IVlunsO ( n o w g r o w n

F

= Island of A d e l s 0

G

= Island of B j 0 r k 6

H

= Bromma

I

= S u b u r b s of H,~Isselby (on the water) a n d V~llingby; nected through the w e s t b r a n c h of the u n d e r g r o u n d the centre of S t o c k h o l m

K

= S u b u r b s o£ S~itra, S k ~ r h o l m e n , V ~ r b y ; c o n n e c t e d t h r o u g h the s o u t h - w e s t b r a n c h of the u n d e r g r o u n d with the centre of S t o c k h o l m

together with E k e r 6 )

suburb

L = Mainland

of t h e p r o v i n c e

o~ U p p l a n d

M = Mainland

of the p r o v i n c e

of S t l d e r m a n l a n d

~.

conwith

= Church

~J = Castle

or Manor

-- R o a d - Water

(only beach-llne indicated)

Comments

on s o m e

(Numbers

refer

s p o t s of i n t e r e s t

to the e n c i r c l e d

numbers

on the m a p )

1)

S~nga-S~ibv: The manor is owned by the Swedish Farmers" Association and used by the organization for the training of f u n c t i o n a r i e s . Cf. a l s o the d e s c r i p t i o n of the c o n f e r e n c e localities elsewhere in this booklet. The small island in t h e n a r r o w e s t p a r t of t h e s o u n d a l i t t l e s o u t h of S ~ n g a S~by is c a l l e d " M u n k e n " (The Monk), an e x a m p l e of the m a n y u n u s u a l n a m e s of t h e s m a l l i s l a n d s .

~)

Alby Manor

is private

property.

4Z

3)

About I000 yeards north-east of S~ga-S~iby there are two rune stones on the so-called Gallows hill; walk east along t h e r o a d a n d t h e n l e f t a l o n g t h e e d g e of t h e w o o d . N o w a d a y s , t h e l a k e r e m a i n s o n l y n o r t h of t h e c h u r c h of S ~ n g a ( N o 9) but it once reached all the way up here. This, at the time, w a s t h e T h i n g p l a c e of t h e i s l a n d s a n d V i k i n g s h i p s w e r e r o w e d i n t o t h e b a y . S o m e m a t e r i a l w i t h p i c t u r e s of t h e s t o n e s a n d t r a n s l a t i o n of t h e r u n e t e x t s c a n b e o b t a i n e d from the secretariat.

4)

Tilery

s)

C h u r c h of F ~ r e n t u n a : F r o m t h e I Z t h c e n t u r y , b u i l t of m a s sive rocks with a tower over the sanctuary, inside, fresc o e s f r o m t h e 1 5 t h c e n t u r y , p i c t u r e s of s a i n t s f r o m t h e Middle Ages, altar and pulpit in Baroque. The road from S~nga-S~by to F~rentuna, as along the whole road 9-1-4-5 (cf. map), is very picturesque.

6)

Stavsborg: nerals.

~)

K u n g s b e r g a : T h e n a m e of t h e o l d v i l l a g e , w h i c h i s a l r e a d y mentioned in documents from the IZth century) means ')King's Mountain". In the neighbourhood there are heathen burial mounds and monuments. The road 5-6-7-5 (cf. map) is also very beautiful.

8}

C h u r c h of H i l l e s h O g : F r o m t h e 1 2 t h c e n t u r y , e a r l y R o m a n esque with tower, nave, sanctuary, and apse, more caref u l l y b u i l t t h a n t h e c h u r c h of F ~ I r e n t u n a w i t h h e w n s t o n e s in uniform layers, which shows an influence from the churc h e s of S i g t u n a , t h e t r a d i n g t o w n s o u t h of U p p s a l a . Inside, f r e s c o e s f r o m t h e 1 3 t h c e n t u r y i n t h e v a u l t s of t h e c e i l i n g . I n t h e c h u r c h p o r c h t h e r e a r e p i c t u r e s of S a i n t M a r t i n a n d " a h o l y b i s h o p " , a n d i n t h e v e s t r y a p i c t u r e of H o l y B i r g l t t a , t h e f o u n d e r of a n o r d e r of n u n s i n t h e | 4 t h c e n t u r y . A c o m p a r i s o n b e t w e e n t h e c r u c i f i x e s of t h e I Z t h , t h e 13th, and the 14th centuries clearly indicates the change in interp r e t a t i o n of t h e S t o r y of t h e P a s s i o n . Above the altar (with a crucifix from the |3th century) there is a remarkable c o p y of a R u b e n s p a i n t i n g . N e x t t o t h e c h u r c h t h e r e i s a s t a t e l y b u r i a l m o u n d , p r o b a b l y t h a t of a p r o m i n e n t v i k i n g .

9)

C h u r c h of S ~ g a , the most beautiful on the island; although it has been rebuilt a few times since the 12th century, it is a u n i t a r y p i e c e of a r c h i t e c t u r e ~ The frescoes in the vaults from the 15th century are interesting since they have obvio u s l y b e e n i n f l u e n c e d b y t h e p r e a c h i n g s of t h e m e n d i c a n t f r i a r s i n t h e v i l l a g e s o n t h e t h e m e of t h e v i c t o r y of v i r t u e o v e r v i c e a n d t h e r e f l e c t i o n o v e r t h e b r e v i t y of l i f e a n d t h e awaiting judgement. Note the pictures in the vestry, showi n g t h e s i g n s of t h e D a y of J u d g e m e n t . A beautifully worked renaiscence p u l p i t d a t i n g f r o m 1645 s h o w s K i n g D a v i d w i t h his harp. A n e p i t a p h of a p a r o c h i a l c l e r g y m a n a n d h i s s i x

A plant for pulverizing

43

and screening

of m i -

children Svartsj~

s h o w s a p a i n t i n g of t h e c h u r c h (No 10) i n t h e 1 6 t h c e n t u r y .

a n d t h e c a s t l e ~ of

10)

C a s t l e of S v a r t s j 8 (= b l a c k s e a ) : I n r o y a l p o s s e s s i o n s i n c e the 16th century. A renaiscence castle was destroyed by f i r e i n 1687 ( c f . t h e p i c t u r e i n t h e c h u r c h of S ~ g a , No 9). T h e p r e s e n t b u i l d i n g w a s e r e c t e d i n 1742 f r o m d r a w i n g s by the famous Swedish architect Carl H~rleman and in 1771 b e c a m e d o w e r h o u s e of q u e e n L o v i s a U l r i k a , t h e s i s t e r of F r i e d r i c h II of P r u s s i a a n d t h e m o t h e r of t h e " t h e a t r e k i n g " G u s t a v III. I n i 8 9 1 i t b e c a m e a n i n s t i t u t i o n f o r t h e i n t e r n m e n t of a l c o h o l i c s , n o w a l s o p r i s o n . The inmates are occupied in farm work.

ll)

Sk~-Edeby: The manor is now an institution run by the city of S t o c k h o l m f o r d e l i n q u e n t s a n d e m o t i o n a l l y d i s t u r b e d c h i l d r e n u n d e r t h e s u p e r v i s i o n of f a m o u s c h i l d p s y c h o l o g i s t s .

12)

C h u r c h of Sk~: T h e c h u r c h , w h i c h c a n b e s e e n f r o m a f a r , dates from the IZth century but was rebuilt after a fire in i695. The round tower on the west side (which is original) i s u n i q u e i n S w e d e n o u t s i d e t h e s o u t h e r n p r o v i n c e of S k ~ n e .

13)

Stockb),: A densely populated area with fruit industry (apple juice, fruit preserves, e t c ) a n d t h e q u a r r y of S t e n s h a m r a . Bathing beach on the lake.

14) S k y t t e h o l m : The manor, in which some participants will be accomodated, is nowadays a boarding house. It is named after a previous owner, the Minister and Professor, Baron J o h a n S k y t t e ( 1 5 7 7 - 1645), t e a c h e r of K i n g G u s t a v u s A d o l p h u s . H e t o o k g r e a t i n t e r e s t i n t h e u n i v e r s i t y of U p p s a l a a n d f o u n d e d t h e " S k y t t e a n " c h a i r of P o l i t i c s a n d R h e t o r i c , which is still in existence. 15)

M a n o r of M e n h a m r a : Owned by the prominent ship-owner Wallenius, once in the possession of J o h a n S k y t t e ( c f . N o 14).

16) M a n o r of S t a v s u n d : T h e m a i n b u i l d i n g w a s e r e c t e d a b o u t 1670 f o r E . L i n d s c h ~ l d , M i n i s t e r of K i n g C h a r l e s XI, a n d t h e s o n of a b l a c k s m i t h , by Nikodemus Tessin, St., the architect who designed the Drottuingholm palace. 17)

Nyckelb)r: State-owned

farm

for research

in fruit-farming.

I

18) ~ (= t h e h o l y i s l a n d ) 6 r L i l l ~ n (= t h e s m a l l i s l a n d ) : Here there were found in 1955~es a n d r e m n a n t s of b u i l d i n g s d a t i n g f r o m 400 ~ I 0 0 0 A . D . , even paved roads in the woods. T h e o w n e r of a s u m m e r cottage was digging in his garden and discovered a bronze kettle. The unushally rich findings have attracted attention also abroad, e.g. a north Indian bronze Buddha, an Irish bishop's staff, large amounts of West European glass cups, gold, silver, and b r o n z e o b j e c t s of d o m e s t i c o r i g i n , a n d s o o n . A w h o l e m e tal workshop has been excavated. This appears to have been a t r a d i n g p l a c e of t h e s a m e r a n k a s B i r k a ( N o 33) b u t o l d e r . 44

P a r t of t h e f i n d i n g s a r e M u s e u m of S t o c k h o l m . 19)

on exhibition in the Historical

C a s t l e of K a g g e h o l m : B u i l t i n t h e b e g i n n i n g of t h e 1 8 t h century, now used as recreational grounds and adult education school for the Pentecostal denomination, once i n t h e p o s s e s s i o n of J o h a n S k y t t e ( c f . No t 4 ) .

Z0) V i e w p o i n t o n t h e g r a v e l r i d g e b y t h e r o a d , a p a n o r a m i c v i e w of t h e l a k e . B e l o w o n t h e r i g h t i s t h e c h u r c h of E k e r 6 (No 21). 21) C h u r c h of E k e r 6 (= oak island): Rebuilt m a n y times, dating f r o m the IZth century. Inside: crypt and coat-of-arms of Minister E. Lindsch61d (cf. N o 16), a votive ship f r o m i953 in the f o r m of a M ~ l a r steam-boat and a grave stone in the floor of the sanctuary f r o m the 12th century. The text is in Latin but written in Runic script, demonstrating t h e c u l t u r a l r e v o l u t i o n of t h e e a r l y M i d d l e A g e s . 22)

E s t a t e of E k e b y h o v : A w o o d e n b u i l d i n g i n t h e s t y l e of a p a l a c e , f r o m a b o u t 1690, f o u n d e d b y o n e of t h e v i c t o r i o u s g e n e r a l s of t h e T h i r t y Y e a r s " W a r , C a r l G u s t a f W r a n g e l . (The riches brought home by the returning soldiers usually did not last long). Nowadays, nursery garden and large fruit •gardens. Nature park with the greatest aok in central S w e d e n (30 f e e t i n c i r c u m f e r e n c e , 66 f e e t h i g h , s o u t h - e a s t of t h e m a i n b u i l d i n g ) .

23)

C h u r c h of L o v 6 : P r o b a b l y b u i l t a l r e a d y a r o u n d 1 000 A . D . Narrow, simple, but extensively rebuilt in the 18th century. I n a g r a v e h i l l e a s t of t h e c h u r c h b e n e a t h a n o b e l i s k r e s t s t h e p o e t O l o f y o n D a h l i n , o n e of t h e m o s t p r o m i n e n t w r i t e r s of t h e S w e d i s h A g e of E n l i g h t e n m e n t , deceased in 1763.

24)

Waterworks of t h e c i t y of S t o c k h o l m : purified and pumped into pipes.

25)

State

26)

Drottningholm

Palace

and China Palace,

27)

Drottningholm

palace

theatre,

28)

R e s i d e n t i a l a r e a of D r o t t n i n g h o l m : An 18th century experiment in founding a "suburb" in the countryside. The small "town" was given municipal privileges in 1782. King Gustav III t o o k g r e a t i n t e r e s t i n i t a n d e v e n d e s i g n e d t h e p h a r m a c y . However, the town never grew big.

sponsored

fresh

water

The lake water

laboratory

cf.

for fishing

special

cf.

special

is

research. brochure.

brochure.

Z9) E s t a t e of K ~ r s 6 : In t h e M i d d l e A g e s , K ~ [ r s 6 w a s a s e p a r a t e small island between Eker6 and Muns~, which all have grown t o g e t h e r a s a r e s u l t of t h e r i s i n g of t h e g r o u n d .

45

30)

~I)

3Z)

Old village of Husby: With miles of burial m o u n d s froin pre-Christian times n o w situated in the woods. M o r e than 140 m o u n d s . C h u r c h of M u n s 6 : A r o u n d f r o t r e s s c h u r c h ( l i k e ~he r o u n d c h u r c h e s of B r o m m a a n d S o l n a n e a r S t o c k h o l m ) . Rebuilt many times. I n s t e a d of t h e c e i l i n g i n t h e u p p e r p a r t , a high vaulted ceiling was built above the chapel. Adels6 can be reached by car-ferry from Muns0. Its s m a l l c h u r c h w a s b u i l t i n t h e I Zth c e n t u r y , w i t h a n a d d i t i o n of a tower and a sanctuary in the 15th century. In the great burial m o u n d s by the church, rich archeological findings have been m a d e . North-east of thechurch near the burial m o u n d s can be seen the ruin m o u n d with s o m e slight r e m n a n t s of the Gothic warrior hall of king M a g n u s Ladul~s (about 1300).

46

33)

Mariefred •stra

please

Sbdermanlands

a special Coling train, 3rd for Lttggesta, You a r e on a n a r r o w

see brochure. J~rnv~g (~SIJ),

Mariefred,

and will be back at about 2 . 4 5 pro.

i n v i t e d to t a k e a t r i p i n a n a u t h e n t i c o l d - t i m e

locomotives

and carriages

a n d to s h o w t h e m u n d e r preservation

steam

from

railway museum

the t r a c k s

~SIJ is owned by a The members

and the rolling stock in their

A c o u p l e of o l d l o c o m o t i v e s

and carriages

and the activity is financed by member

is

s e v e n old H t w o - f o o t e r s H

and in traffic.

society and it is run by enthusiasts.

mend and maintain time.

train

g a u g e l i n e ( Z ft w i d e ) .

The intention with the unique living ~SIJ to p r e s e r v e

has generated

w h i c h w i l l l e a v e a t 2 prn on S e p t e m b e r

are

spare

under

repair

f e e s and the i n c o m e

from

the t r a f f i c . The line runs from ~stra,

the temporary

Mariefred

terminus

a b o u t 2 m i l e s ~ to L t t g g e s t a

near

L t t g g e s t a s t a t i o n on t h e S t a t e

Railway line between Stockholm and Eskilstuna. stations where the trains snap shots.

A return

pass

OSI5 h a s t w o

each other and where

t r i p t a k e s a b o u t 45 m i n u t e s .

l i n e w a s l a i d i n 1895 a s a t r u n k l i n e to t h e N o r r a Jttrnvt~g, tuna.

a private-owned

The Swedish State Railways

(SJ)

assumed

It w a s

the m a n a g e m e n t

c l o s e d i n 1964 a n d

O S I J o b t a i n e d t h e l i n e a n d t h e s t a t i o n of M a r i e f r e d From

the platform

red brickstone work-shop

The original St~dermanlands

railway between S6dertttlje and Eskils-

i n 193i a n d t h e l i n e w a s e l e c t r i f i e d .

of the s w i t c h y a r d .

you c a n t a k e

of M a r i e f r e d

by donation.

s t a t i o n you h a v e a g o o d v i e w

T h e old g o o d s s h e d i s u s e d a s

building,

and the red

formerly steel

the e n g i n e shed,

supply.

The

is now the

s h e d in the b a c k g r o u n d

houses

the

r o l l i n g s t o c k i n off s e a s o n s . The Uariefred in the original railways. teresting cards, ers.

s t a t i o n h o u s e w a s b u i l t i n 1895.

style with some details

The waiting room pictures.

stamps, If you a r e

from

is a small

museum

At the ticket counter

railway matches interested

stations

It i s r e s t o r e d o f old 2 ft.

with several

you c a n b u y p i c t u r e

inpost-

and books about the old t w o - f o o t -

i n old r a i l w a y s

47

a n d w i s h to s u p p o r t

0SI5,.

you can join the Society here.

Please'

ask for application

form. Please allowed For tracks

n o t e t h a t d u e to t h e f i r e h a z a r d ,

is not

safety

reasons

walking

outside

the platforms

or on the

is not allowed.

Travellers ways

smoking

in the carriages.

and brake

are

requested

platforms

Fares:

to keep

during

children

away from

I~eturn 2nd class, Sw kr 4:50, 3rd class, Sw kr 3:C h i l d r e n u n d e r 12 h a l f p r i c e , u n d e r

48

gang-

the trip.

6 free.