Solar Power Systems for Electric Golf Cars , Utility Cars and other Low Speed Electric Vehicles Al Yousuf GreenTech P.O.Box 25 The Curve Building, Office 01/02 Sheikh Zayed Road Tel: +971-4-339 7177 Fax : +971-4-330 6070 Dubai, United Arab Emirates e-mail : [email protected] Website : www.alyousufgt.com

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Almost half of the solar car fleet in Hong Kong Jockey Club 2

Solar power is useful for utility cars and LSV also 3

EXAMPLES – EARLIER PROJECTS

SolarDrive Solar power systems are in use on all continents

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REFERENCES      

             

Curtain University, Australia Ohio Xavier University, USA Kennesaw State University, USA University of Alabama, USA University of Miami, USA Wellesley College, USA Taipo Waterfront Park, China Copenhagen Zoo Houston Zoo Nykredit (Danish Bank) Eco Vilage, Australia Tucson Electric Power, USA Sebonack Golf Club, New York Hong Kong Jockey Club / Kau Sai Chau Public Golf Course Nun’s Island, Canada Roaring Fork Club, USA Jondalup Golf Club, Australia Hainan Moonbay Golf Club, China Ben&Jerry, Denmark ....and many more

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ADVANTAGES OF USING SOLAR POWER The three most important advantages of using solar power on electric cars are 1) Extended Range A 375 W solar panel on a typical golf car at a typical golf course will create enough extra power to extend the range with an additional 20 - 36 holes. A passenger or utility vehicle will gain 20 – 30 km a day. 2) Reduced Electricity Costs A 375 W solar canopy will save you up to 3 kWh/day 3) Extended Battery Life The produced solar power will go directly to the motor when the car is running, or recharge batteries while the car is at a standstill. Using solar means that batteries will be operated at a higher SOC (State Of Charge) . This is really important as batteries (especially lead acid batteries) deteriorate faster, when they are deeply discharged.

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RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Usually break-even is reached within 1 – 5 years depending on driving caracteristics, electricity prices, battery prices, weather conditions, purchase price etc. If desired, we offer our assistance in the calculations.

Based on 18 parameters our comprehensive ROI model calculates costs and benefits and quickly reaches Return On Investment and Break-Even. Illustrative Business Case Variables and presumptions

Payback Analysis

Numbers in the yellow cells can be changed according to actual situation or for analysis purposes

Number of Cars in Fleet 500 Total Cost for SolarDrive S2E 800,000 Future Fleet Reduction w/SolarDrive 0% Extended range using solar provide basis for fleet reduction Federal Tax Credit 0% Number of SolarDrive S2E needed 500 State Tax Credit 0% Number of Days in Season 365 Cost After Tax Credit 800,000 Energy/Utility Cost USD/kWh. 0.16 USD per kWh (Public Energy Information) Estimated Cost Financed 880,655 Car Charging Consumption (daily) 6.5 kWh, Experienced average consumption per car by grid-chargers Average Annual Benefits 214,748 Calculation sheet Forecasted Annual Energy /Utility Cost Increases 5.0% Break-even in year 2 Forecasted Annual Inflation 5.0% Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 Year 13 Year 14 Year 15 Year 16 Distance in km per car per day in average (or # holes per day) 40 Club statistic BENEFITS Distance in km per car per season (or # holes per season) 14600 ELECTRICITY COST SAVINGS Km per car covered by S2E - average/day (or avg. # holes per day) 25 Based on NASA statistics for Solar Insolation (see Performance Sheet for your area) Daily Average Energy Consumption Cart (kWh) 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Km per car covered by S2E - per season (or # holes per season) 9125 ROI /Analysis Average Utility Cost (USD per kWh) 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.33 Solar Continous Charge Benefit 63% Number of kilometers covered by S2E/Number of km pr car per season Daily Cost to charge a car without Solar Top 1.04 1.09 1.15 1.20 1.26 1.33 1.39 1.46 1.54 1.61 1.69 1.78 1.87 1.96 2.06 2.16 Car Charging Consumption per km 0.16 kWh/km Daily Cost to Charge a car with Solar Top 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.45 0.47 0.50 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.70 0.74 0.77 0.81 Depreciation basis (for tax savings calculations) 800000 To reach depreciation basis, 50% of the ITC has to be deducted fromAnnual purchase price Original Investment 880,655 Financed cost Cost to Charge Fleet without Solar Top 189,800 199,290 209,255 219,717 230,703 242,238 254,350 267,068 280,421 294,442 309,164 324,622 340,854 357,896 375,791 394,581 Average Battery Cost 950 USD (6 x 8 V Trojan) Investment Annual Cost to Charge Fleet with Solar Top Start Date 71,175 2012 74,734 78,470 82,394 86,514 90,839 95,381 100,150 105,158 110,416 115,937 121,733 127,820 134,211 140,922 147,968 Battery Lifespan increase w/solar 50% Continuous charge = less sulfation = longer life, type in a percentage, 100% = lifetime doubling 4,294,960 After 16 130,784 years Total Annual Electricity Cost SavingsReturned Value 118,625 124,556 137,323 144,189 151,399 158,969 166,917 175,263 184,026 193,228 202,889 213,033 223,685 234,869 246,613 Purchase Cost S2E per roof 1600 USD per roof Investment End Date 2028 BATTERY COST SAVINGS Resale price after 4 years (only if you want to sell after this period) 0 Estimated sales price (in case of resale please ignore the figures and tables after realization) Investment Gain 3,414,304 After 16 years Battery Costs 950 1,047 1,100 1,155 1,212 1,273 1,337 1,404 1,474 1,547 1,625 1,706 1,791 1,881 1,975 Annual Fleet Lease Cost or Cost of Ownership per car 1500 USD per car ROI % 388% 998 Annual Battery Cost w/out Solar (3 year lifespan) 158,333 166,250 174,563 183,291 192,455 202,078 212,182 222,791 233,930 245,627 257,908 270,804 284,344 298,561 313,489 329,164 Federal Tax Credit (%) 0% Solar canopies and batteries can be purchased together Simple Annualized ROI 24% Annual Battery Cost w/ Solar 105,556 110,833 116,375 122,194 128,303 134,719 141,455 148,527 155,954 163,751 171,939 180,536 189,563 199,041 208,993 219,442 State Tax Credit or Grants (%) 0% Total Annual Battery Cost Savings 52,778 55,417 58,188 61,097 64,152 67,359 70,727 74,264 77,977 81,876 85,969 90,268 94,781 99,520 104,496 109,721 Estimated Golf Course Effective Tax Rate (for calculating net value of depreciations) 30% Depending on the clubs legal status and income level REDUCTION IN FLEET SIZE SAVINGS (leasing) Estimated Equipment Finance Rate 5% Assuming finance over 4 years Annual Fleet Cost w/out Solar Annual Fleet Cost w/ Solar Total Annual Fleet Cost Savings

Break-even Analysis

Cummulative DEPRECIATION Depreciation Tax Benefit (5 Year Straightline)

5,000,000

USD 4,000,000 GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES / CREDITS

4,500,000

3,500,000

USD

4,000,000

Federal Tax Credit State Tax Credit and Grants TOTAL ANNUAL BENEFITS

3,000,000 CUMMULATIVE BENEFITS

3,500,000

750,000 750,000 0

750,000 750,000 0

750,000 750,000 0

750,000 750,000 0

900,000 900,000 0

900,000 900,000 0

900,000 900,000 0

900,000 900,000 0

1,080,000 1,080,000 0

1,080,000 1,080,000 0

1,080,000 1,080,000 0

1,080,000 1,080,000 0

1,296,000 1,296,000 0

1,296,000 1,296,000 0

1,296,000 1,296,000 0

1,296,000 1,296,000 0

48000

48000

48000

48000

48000

219,403 219,403

227,973 447,376

236,972 684,347

246,420 930,767

800000 -220,164

256,341 1,187,109

218,758 1,405,867

229,696 1,635,563

241,181 1,876,744

253,240 2,129,984

265,902 2,395,886

279,197 2,675,083

293,157 2,968,240

307,815 3,276,054

323,206 3,599,260

339,366 3,938,626

356,334 4,294,960

-220,164

-220,164

-220,164

-440,328

-660,492

-220,164 0 0 -880,655

-761 -761

7,809 7,048

16,808 23,856

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

-880,655

26,256 50,112

256,341 306,453

218,758 525,211

229,696 754,907

241,181 996,088

253,240 1,249,328

265,902 1,515,230

279,197 1,794,427

293,157 2,087,584

307,815 2,395,399

323,206 2,718,604

339,366 3,057,970

356,334 3,414,304

Return

0 0

2,500,000 COSTS

3,000,000

Estimated SolarDrive Canopy Costs 2,000,000 Annual Cost (Assume 4 year finance) Resale price after 4 years of ownership 1,500,000 Tax on resale value CUMMULATIVE COSTS

2,500,000

2,000,000 1,500,000

1,000,000

NET

1,000,000

500,000 ANNUAL RETURN

500,000

CUMMULATIVE RETURN 0

0

-500,000

-500,000 CUMMULATIVE BENEFITS CUMMULATIVE RETURN CUMMULATIVE COSTS ANNUAL COSTS ANNUAL BENEFITS

COMMENTS AND DISCLAIMER The term SolarDrive shall be used in this document as synonym for SolarDrive ApS and SolarDrive Distribution ApS together as well as individual legal entities. SolarDrive is not a professional tax or legal advisor. As such any information provided on any page of this website regarding possible energy tax incentives (credits, grants, rebates) is not to be construed as a guarantee of any kind of the applicability or eligibility for Federal and/or State tax incentives (credits, grants, rebates) for your particular project. Nothing contained herein is to be considered or to be relied upon as professional tax or legal advice. Please consult consult with your professional tax or legal advisor for the applicability and eligibility for Federal and State energy tax incentives for your situation. SolarDrive is a Denmark based company which will not be collecting sales or use tax. Please consult your tax and legal advisor for verification of any responsibility as a purchaser to file a "use tax return" with your State Department of Revenue. As of January 1, 2006 an investment tax credit of 30% went into effect for solar power (See 26 USC § 48 and US Dept of Treasury IRS Form 3468). Purchased to be used together, the solar panel and batteries are considered part of the same solar system. Please confirm the application for credit eligibility with your tax accountant. Nothing contained herein is intended to be nor shall it be considered professional tax advice. Under the Modified Accelerated Cost-Recovery System (MACRS), the federal government permits accelerated depreciation for a number of different renewable energy technologies. For the purposes of this business-case we assumed traditional straight-line depreciation however accelerated depreciation means shortening the useful life of a piece of capital as it's recorded for tax purposes which could provide additional tax benefits. We recommend that you work with your CPA/accountant to validate any Federal or State credits, depreciation options and other accounting rules as it relates to a solar purchase. Analysis above does not include "Secondary Benefits" such as increased course utilization and additional revenue through increased media attention, more golfers, more tournaments, etc. The business case and/or financial information presented in this document is based on SolarDrive research and is intended for ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY. It is based on certain assumptions. These assumptions may be different from actual operating factors and may not take into account all factors potentially affecting actual results. Actual results may vary from what is presented here. While SolarDrive strives to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in this document, SolarDrive does not represent or warrant the accuracy or completeness of this information and cannot be liable for reliance on or use thereof.

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EXTENDED BATTERY LIFE TIME Battery life time depends on several independent parameters like general maintenance , temperature conditions, as well as charge and discharge characteristics. Particularly Depth of Discharge (DOD) has severe impact on battery life time.

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CUSTOMER STATEMENT

One example of many

Most customers have been positively surprised by the efficiency and extended range and later by the battery savings

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14 – 21 V

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

49 – 53 V

The voltage and current produced by the solar panels fluctuates depending on temperature and insolation, and the MPPT controller constantly seeks the optimal combination to harvest the maximum power from the panels. Simultaneously the controller inverts the power from the solar panels ensuring that the output power is constantly adjusted to the needs of the battery in order to optimize the charge.

The SolarDrive solar system consists of state of the art solar panels made from highly efficient solar cells (Bosch or SunPower)

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SOLAR CARS The versions presented on the following pages are 4 – 6 seater passenger cars. Utility cars equipped with truck beds, cargo boxes, iceboxes etc.can be delivered on request. Our factory holds great flexibility and we will be able to produce many tailored designs to meet your requirements and expectations.

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SOLAR CARS E-Go 2 seater passenger car

250 Wp

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SOLAR CARS E-Go 4 seater (2 + 2) passenger car

375 Wp

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SOLAR CARS E-Go 4 seater (forward) passenger car

375 Wp

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SOLAR CARS E-Go 6 seater (4+2) passenger car

500 Wp

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SOLAR CARS E-Go 6 seater (forward) passenger car

500 Wp

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SOLAR CARS STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS All PDS electrical models feature on-board diagnostics, regenerative braking motor, reverse warning indicator and an override switch for towing and maintenance. 2 seats Solar System Motor: Horsepower: Electrical System: Batteries: Charger: Speed Controller: Transaxle: Steering: Front Suspension: Rear Suspension: Service Brake: Parking Brake: Frame: Body : Ground Speed: Front & Rear Tires: Overall length Overall width Overall height Weight Seating Capacity: Loading Capacity:

4 seats (2+2)

4 seats (forward)

250 Wp 375 Wp 375 Wp 48 Volt DC 48 Volt DC 48 Volt DC 4.02 hp (3 kw) Continuous 4.02 hp (3 kw) Continuous 4.02 hp (3 kw) Continuous 48 Volt 48 Volt 48 Volt Six, 8-volt Deep Cycle, 145Ah Six, 8-volt Deep Cycle, 145Ah Six, 8-volt Deep Cycle, 145Ah 48 V 48 V 48 V 300 Amp Precision Drive System (PDS) 300 Amp Precision Drive System (PDS) 300 Amp Precision Drive System (PDS) Differential with helical gears Differential with helical gears Differential with helical gears Self-compensating rack and pinion Self-compensating rack and pinion Self-compensating rack and pinion Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Heavy Duty Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Heavy Duty Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Heavy Duty Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Rear Wheel Mechanical Drum Rear Wheel Mechanical Drum Rear Wheel Mechanical Drum Self-compensating single-point engagement Self-compensating single-point engagement Self-compensating single-point engagement Welded Steel with DuraShield™ Coating Welded Steel with DuraShield™ Coating Welded Steel with DuraShield™ Coating Injection Molded TPO Injection Molded TPO Injection Molded TPO 19-24 kph Programmable 19-24 kph Programmable 19-24 kph Programmable 18 x 8.50 - 8 ( 4 Ply Rated) - Links 18 x 8.50 - 8 ( 4 Ply Rated) - Links 18 x 8.50 - 8 ( 4 Ply Rated) - Links 240 CM 265 CM 315 CM 120 CM 120 CM 120 CM 189 CM 185 CM 190 CM 480 KG (with S2E on top) 500 KG (with S2E on top) 550 KGS 2 Person 4 Person 4 Person 250 KG 300 KG 400 KGS

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SOLAR CARS STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS All PDS electrical models feature on-board diagnostics, regenerative braking motor, reverse warning indicator and an override switch for towing and maintenance.

Solar System Motor: Horsepower: Electrical System: Batteries: Charger: Speed Controller: Transaxle: Steering: Front Suspension: Rear Suspension: Service Brake: Parking Brake: Frame: Body : Ground Speed: Front & Rear Tires: Overall length Overall width Overall height Weight Seating Capacity: Loading Capacity:

6 seats (4+2)

6 seats (forward)

500 Wp 48 Volt DC 5.36 hp (4 kw) Continuous 48 Volt Six, 8-volt Deep Cycle, 145Ah 48 V 400 Amp Precision Drive System (PDS) Differential with helical gears Self-compensating rack and pinion Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Heavy Duty Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Rear Wheel Mechanical Drum Self-compensating single-point engagement Welded Steel with DuraShield™ Coating Injection Molded TPO 19-24 kph Programmable 18 x 8.50 - 8 ( 4 Ply Rated) - Links 345 CM 120 CM 200 CM 620 KG 6 Person 500 KGS

500 Wp 48 Volt DC 5.36 hp (4 kw) Continuous 48 Volt Six, 8-volt Deep Cycle, 145Ah 48 V 400 Amp Precision Drive System (PDS) Differential with helical gears Self-compensating rack and pinion Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Heavy Duty Leaf Springs w/Hydraulic Shocks Rear Wheel Mechanical Drum Self-compensating single-point engagement Welded Steel with DuraShield™ Coating Injection Molded TPO 19-24 kph Programmable 18 x 8.50 - 8 ( 4 Ply Rated) - Links 365 CM 120 CM 200 CM 670 KG 6 Person 500 KGS

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CONTACT INFO

Al Yousuf GreenTech P.O.Box 25 The Curve Building, Office 01/02 Sheikh Zayed Road Tel: +971-4-339 7177 Fax : +971-4-330 6070 Dubai, United Arab Emirates e-mail : [email protected] Website : www.alyousufgt.com 19