Quinn Langfitt and Liv Haselbach, Washington State University

Presentation August 4th, 2015 07/2015

ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Self-Cleaning Oil Filtration Project • •

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WSF looks for ways to reduce their costs and environmental impacts Oil systems on one very efficient (Tier II) medium sized vessel require annual acquisition and disposal of about: • 1200 gallons of oil (total of two engines) • 80 large filters More efficient oil filtration systems exist Self-cleaning filter with centrifugal bypass should • Keep oil cleaner so it lasts longer (higher filtration efficiency) • Not require disposable filters (self-cleaning mesh), although there are small liners to dispose of ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Comparison of Filtration Systems Current Standard System (on all vessels)

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

Self-Cleaning System Pilot installation on one vessel Much smaller Retrofit without removing old

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Tasks for Filter Feasibility Assessment Dimensions Effectiveness • How well does it perform in filtering oil?

Costs • Do operational savings outweigh up-front costs over time?

Environment • How does it impact ecosystems, resources, and human health? 07/2015

ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

Methods Oil Analysis Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

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ENVIRONMENTAL

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) “Compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle.” -ISO 14040

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LCA Environmental System Diagram

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Life cycle of typical engine lube oil

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Langfitt, Fairbanks, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life2-5, Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. ISSAEST, AK, USA, August 2015 10

Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August

Impact Categories Evaluated

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Impact Category

Characterized Impact

Global warming potential (GWP)

105 kg CO2-equivalent

Acidification potential (AP)

H+ moles-equivalent

Ecotoxicity potential (ETP)

CTUeco – Comparative Toxicity Unit

Stratospheric ozone depletion potential (ODP)

kg CFC-11-equivalent

Smog creation potential (SCP)

kg O3- equivalent

Eutrophication Potential (EP)

kg N- equivalent

Human Health Cancer Potential (HHCP)

cases

Human Health Non-Cancer Potential (HHNCP)

cases

Human Health Criteria Air Potential (HHCAP)

kg PM 10- equivalent

ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

Source: media-cacheak0.pinimg.com

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Environmental Data Collection Oil Material Analysis + Combustion Modeling

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Environmental Impact Data Sources

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Environmental Data Collection: Use Oil Material Analysis What does it take to make one gallon of engine oil?

Transportation

To manufacture included. ----------------------------------From manufacturer to use. or From use to disposal. Use specific. Not included.

Combustion Modeling Some could be combusted in engine.

(We assumed marine engine oil similar to other engine oils.)

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Environmental Data Collection: Disposal Combustion Modeling: Some could be combusted as disposal method.

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Distillation Modeling: Into marine diesel oil (MDO).

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Environmental Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Environmental Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Combusted Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Combusted Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Distillation Disposal of Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Distillation Disposal of Oil LCA Synthesis Results

Langfitt, Q. and Haselbach, L. (2015) Life Cycle Assessment Synthesis for a Volume of Lubricating Oil in Marine Applications. Proceedings International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental Sustainability in Transportation (ISSAEST), August 2015, Fairbanks, AK.

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ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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What Do the Environmental Results Mean? 600 gallons 42 person-days 50 person-days 6 person-days 33 person-days 41 person-days 82 person-days 17 person-days 27 person-days

900 gallons GWP AP EP ETP HHCP HHNCP HHCAP SCP

63 person-days 74 person-days 9 person-days 50 person-days 61 person-days 123 person-days 25 person-days 40 person-days

Environmental benefits from reduced oil use depend on oil change interval chosen Transportation to and from WSF vessel included herein “Assessment of Lube Oil Management and Self-Cleaning Oil Filters Feasibility in WSF Vessels Phases II and III: Part 1 Report.” (2014). Q. Langfitt and L. Haselbach. Report to PacTrans.

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Acknowledgements •

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Funding from Washington State Ferries, Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium (PacTrans), and the Center for Environmentally Sustainable Transportation in Cold Climates (CESTiCC) Special thanks to the WSDOT TAC members et al. • • • • • • •

Sheila Helgath Wes Sweet Shane Kelly Rhonda Brooks Mark Gabel Greg Hansen Tomi Hume-Pontius ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

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Summary. Thank You! ???s • • • • •

Results can be used for projects or applications with respect to: Manufacture of engine oil. Some disposal methods. Impacts of engine choices and efficiencies with engine oil combustion.

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