Present Status of the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS) BMG
BPPT
DEPDAGRI
BAKOSURTANAL
LAPAN
DEPLU
ESDM
LIPI
DKP
KOMINFO
TNI
BAPPENAS
POLRI
BAKORNAS PBP
ITB
WMO Regional Seminar on Enhancing Service Delivery by National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) In Regional Association V (South-West Pacific)
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2 - 6 April 2007 Presented by :
Prof. Dr. Mezak A. Ratag
Director for Research & Development
BMG
INDONESIA METEOROLOGICAL & GEOPHYSICAL AGENCY (BMG)
SEISMICITY MAP OF INDONESIA (1973 – 2005)
1
BMG
Updated global data set Engdahl et al. (1998)
BMG
DESTRUCTIVE EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS 1991 - 2006
Aceh 04 Molucca 98 Ternate 06
Simeulue 02 Nias 05 Madina 06
Biak, Biak, 96 Banggai 00
Kerinci 95 Mentawai 05
Manokwari 03
Bengkulu 00 Liwa 94
P. Buru 06 Majalengka 01
Pangandaran 06 Yogyakarta 06 Banyuwangi 94 Earthquakes : 22 x Tsunami : 10 x
> 1 / yr ∼ 1/ 2yr
Flores 92 Bima 06 Mataram 04
Nabire 04, 04
Alor 91 Alor, Alor, 04 Timor 95
EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMIGENIC EQ
2
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI ACEH 26-12-04
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI ACEH 26-12-04
3
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI ACEH 26-12-04
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI BIAK 1996
4
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI BIAK 1996
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI BIAK 1996
5
KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI BIAK 1996
PRIMARY SYSTEM OF BMG Inspectorate PRIMARY SYSTEM
BMG
InaTWS
MC EWS (Ex. TCWC, FDRS)
Telecommunication
SUBSTANTIVE PROGRAM
Instrumentation and Calibration Database Dissemination R&D
TECHNICAL PROGRAM
Training & Education
Facilities
6
BMG
ORGANIZATION OF NATIONAL COORDINATING AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION (Pres. Decree 83/2005)
National Coordinating Agency For Disaster Mitigation (BAKORNAS PB)
HEADQUARTER
CHAIRMAN VICE CHAIRMAN
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
MEMBER
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DEPUTY OF PREVENTION & PREPAREDNESS
Local Emergency Management Unit - SATKORLAK
REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
MEMBER
DEPUTY OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
DEPUTY OF RECOVERY
PROVINCIAL OFFICE
DAILY REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Local Emergency Management Sub Unit - SATKORLAK
MUNICIPAL OFFICE
SUB REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
MEMBER
SUB REGIONAL DAILY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ( HIGH COMPLEXITY ) I
TECHNICAL WORKS
BMG, BAKOSURTANAL, BPPT, DJGSM LIPI, KOMINFO
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES, BAKORNAS PB, DEPSOS, LOCALPEMDA GOVT
t en sm se As rd za
Wa rn ing
Ha
III
BAPPENAS GLOBAL REGIONAL NATIONAL
Mitigation
– CAPACITY BUILDING
II
KEM. RISTEK, RISTEK LIPI, BPPT, ITB, BMG
Sumber: Int’l Tsunami Information Center; Maret 2005
2
7
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INFORMATION
SENSOR INSTALATION AND SEISMIC MONITORING
DATA PROCESSING DISSEMINATION 1. AUTOMATIC PROCESSING - Epicenter location, - Time, - Magnitude - depth
SEISMOGRAPH Planned : 160; Installed : 70 (to 2006)
ACCELEROGRAPH Planned : 500; Installed: 51 (to 2006)
9 electricity 9 9 Security 9
Noise disturbance
9
Access Road Land Use (Local Gov’t)
2. SEA WAVE MONITORING - Tide Gauge (Natl Agency for Survey & Mapping) - GPS – Buoys (BPPT)
3. DATA BASE - Historical of Tsunami - Pre-calculation - Tsunami Simulation
2. CRUST DEFORMATION - GPS (Natl Agency for Survey & Mapping)
• Communication
(Dept. of Comm.) • Road, Tent (Dep. Of Public
Work)
Tsunami Warning 2. CROSS-CHECK - Magnitude? - Location ? - Tsunami ?
• Transportation
(Dept. of Transportation) Earthquake Information
REQUIREMENT 9 Soil layer
MITIGATION & REHABILITATION
-
-
• Food & Water
POLRI HEADQUARTER ARMY HEADQUARTER LOCAL GOV’T DEPT. OF SOCIAL DEPT. OF HEALTH NAT’L COORD AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION TV – RADIO STA. PORT RADIO PORT ADMT. OFFICE PROVIDER GSM/ CDMA
(Min. of Public Welfare; Dept. of Social) • Health, Sanitary
(Dept. of Health) • Risk Management
(Dept. of Defense ) • Others
(Nat’l Coord Agency for Disaster Mitigation)
Public Education
Capacity Building
(Min. of RT, Dept. of Education, Indonesia Agency for Science)
Min. of RT, Universities, Research Institution) -Modelling -Database -Research & Development
-Awareness - Tsunami Evacuation Drill -
3
Installed Sensor Locations - 2006 (total 70 locations)
BMG
RSC 1
RSC 10
RSC 6
RSC 5
NSC
RSC 4 RSC 9 RSC 8
RSC 2 RSC 7 RSC 3
Japan (10)
Germany (10)
APBN (44)
China (4)
CTBTO (3)
Regional Centre (10)
RSC = Regional Seismic Center NSC = National Seismic Center
8
NATIONAL & DONOR COUNTRIES CONTRIBUTIONS BMG
2006
COUNTRIES
On Line
2007
Stock
Indonesia
108 seismo
454 accelero
44 (S) 44 (A)
6 (S) ---
---
China
10 seismo
10 accelero
---
10 (S)
10 (A)
Germany
21 seismo
21 accelero
6 (S) 15 (A)
6 (S) 15 (A)
9 (S) 21 (A)
Japan
15 seismo
15 accelero
15 (S)
15 (A)
CTBTO
6 seismo
---
1 (S)
3 (S)
2 (S)
TOTAL
160 seismo
500 accelero
France
3 TREMORS
upgrade
3(T)
---
---
USA
Technical Assistance
OK
UNESCO
Training
OK
IOC
Expert
OK
InaTWS MONITORING SYSTEM Sa
lite tel
BMG
2. Sea
Level
Satellite
Data /
Confirm ation
• Location : ocean floor..? • Mag : > 6.3 RS..? • Depth : < 70km…? • Potential for tsunami !
1. Seismog raph Data
TSUNAMI Siren Signal
BMG Jakarta
3. Sea Level Data
Seismograph Buoy
Bottom pressure gauge Plate Tectonic Indian Ocean
Tide gauge
?
GPS
? ? Source : LIPI - Mod
6
9
DISSEMINATION SYSTEM FOR EARTHQUAKE INFORMATION AND TSUNAMI WARNING VIA INTERNET INTERFACE INSTITUTION
BMG IP VPN MPLS TELKOM
POLICE HEADQUARTER
IM2 INTERNET
ARMY HEADQUARTER
VSAT SCPC DEPDAGRI
33 PROV. GOVERNOR
WLAN BMG
COORD. AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION
IP VPN MPLS CSM
COORD. COMM.DEPT
BMG
9
INFORMATION
S.O.P BMG
9
REG’L. POLICE OFFICE POLDA/POLRES SUB REG’L POLICE OFFICE/ POLSEK
S.O.P TNI
BMG •SENSOR INSTALATION •MONITORING •PROCESSSING •ANALYSIS
S.O.P POLRI
REG’L ARMY OFFICE/ KODAM/KODIM/KORAMIL
S.O.P GUB.
S.O.P
DISTRICT LEVEL/ BUPATI / CAMAT
S.O.P BAKORNAS.
9
S.O.P
LOCAL EMERGENCY MNGMT UNIT SATKORLAK / SATLAK
11 TV Stations
S.O.P
S.O.P
9
NATIONAL RADIO SERVICE /RRI
DEPT. OF SOCIAL INDONESIA INTERNET EXCHANGE
DEPT. OF HEALTH
7 PROVIDER GSM/CDMA
Radio Communication
PRIVATE RADIO BROADCAST ORARI & RAPI
S.O.P
COMMUNITY CSM = Citra Sari Makmur
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION FOR DISSEMINATION TO REMOTE ISLANDS
BMG
USA nooa.gov
AsiaStar (WorldSpace)
NGO-USA ranetsystem.net Internet
GTS Line
AUSTRALIA bom.gov.au
Earthquake Information/ Tsunami Warning
BMG
SERVER ( AS BMG’S INFORMATION RECEIVER)
Local Gov’t
FO = Fibre Optics RF = Radio Frequency
10
END TO END OF TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM MONITORING SYSTEM
AUTOMATIC PROCESSING SYSTEM AT BMG HQ
INTERFACING INSTITUTIONS DEPKOMINFO
Banda Aceh
JAKARTA
1 Padang Denpasar
EQ Info
- Time - Locationi - Depth - Magnitude
EMAIL (BMG)
BAKORNAS PBP LOCAL GOVTS
P U B L
ARMY SMS 2303 (BMG)
I C
POLICE
BMG Pusat Jakarta EMAIL (AEIC)
Epicenter
TV & RADIO WARNINGS !!
OCEAN MONITORING SYSTEM
SMS (AEIC)
• Tide Gauge
SERVER
• DART Buoy
Tsunami
2Information
INTERACTIVELY
1-in-5 BMG INFO INTERFACE INSTITUTION
TXTBMG & XML File
sms fax alarm voice web
11
Indonesia Earthquake Information and Tsunami Warning Center (InaTWS -2008)
REG. CENTER 1
REG. CENTER 10
REG. CENTER 5
REG. CENTER 6
REG. CENTER 4
NAT’ NAT’L. CENTER
REG. CENTER 9
REG. CENTER 2
REG. CENTER 7
REG. CENTER 3 REG. CENTER 8
- 24 Seismic real time Sensor - Distance between sensors ± 400 km - 3 RC and 1 NC - Processing Time ± 15 minutes
- 160 Seismic Sensors–500 Accelerograph - Distance between sensors +/- 100 km - 10 RC and 1 NC - Processing Time ± 5 minutes
SIRENES, TRAININGS, AND AND SERVERS SERVERS (until 2006) BMG
Kuta alam, Meuraksa, Peukan Bada, Lamkruet, Ktr. Gub – Baitussalam, Banda Aceh kota
Aceh
Rimbo Kaluang, Sasak Ranah Datar Pasaman Barat, Tiku Selatan Tanjung Mutiara, Alai Gelombang Pariaman Tengah, Painan/ IV Jurai
Padang
PenProv Gorontalo
Penprov Padang
Pangandaran, Labuhan, Pandeglang
Gorontalo
AL-azhar, UIN, SD annisa
Banten
Jakarta DI Jogjakarta
PenProv Banten PenProv Jakarta
Denpasar
Kec. Imogiri:(Nogosari, Wukirsari) Kec. Pijungan (Jolosutro, srimulyo) Kec.Prambanan:( Kebondalam) Kec. Jetis:(Sewon) Kec Plered:(Nogosar)i
Ket.
Server location
PemKot Denpasar Pantai Seminyak(Kuta), Kedonganan (Kuta), Sanur, Tj. Benoa, Nusa Dua
Sirene site
Training location
12
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
ENHANCING THE CAPACITY OF LOCAL GOVT OFFICIALS IN “DISASTER MANAGEMENT” MANAGEMENT”
Dokumentasi LIPI
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
ADOPTING THE COMMUNITY BASED CONCEPT: TRAINING OF THE INTERMEDIARIES
Dokumentasi LIPI
13
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
EDUCATING THE PUBLIC through popular readings
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
MAKING AND DISSEMINATING MAP AND EVACUATION ROUTE
14
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
Training simulation on the use of Tsunami Warning System: From warning issuance to Evacuation •
WARNING SENT FROM BMG HQ TO THE MAYOR
OF PADANG VIA SMS → THE MAYOR ORDER THE EVACUATION
26 DEC 2005
• PEOPLE MOVE TOWARDS A SAFE SITE (BUKIT PANGILUN)
ACTIVITIES IN THE SHELTER AREA Dokumentasi LIPI
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
CAMPAIGN THROUGH THE MASS MEDIA: TELEVISION, RADIO, NEWSPAPERS
15
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMG
TRAINING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
Dokumentasi LIPI
BMG R&D : From Experimental Design to Production BMG
AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION (Since 2005)
DIGITAL SEISMOGRAPH (Since 2006)
BMG AWSAWS-MGAMGA-05
16
BMG
Research & Development :
Imaging the Tsunamigenic EQ Regions Nature (1997)
SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY: a powerful tool to produce 3D images of the Earth’s structure
Science (1996)
The seismic signature of subduction zones Subduction zones contain the largest earthquakes on Earth. Knowledge of there structural details not only is important for hazard assessment but also to understand the dynamics of subduction and mantle convection. In this project a 3D algorithm in spherical coordinates was implemented and earthquakes in subduction zones simulated. We were able to simulate particular wave effects observed in nature which – in the future – can be used to further constrain the structure of subduction zones.
17
Primary & Secondary Waves P-wave
S-wave
http://www.thetech.org/
Simulated Annealing BMG
18
BMG
P-wave tomogram across North Sumatra (red dots mark the location of the M 9 earthquake)
Seismic Tomography of Northern Sumatra
(a) untuk gelombang P di bawah Sumatera Utara
(b) untuk gelombang S di bawah Sumatera Utara
19
(a)
(b) ak135 (%)
Vertical sections from the Earth’s surface down to the depth of 705 km. (a) P-wave speed relative to ak135. (b) S-wave speed relative to ak135.
Elastic parameters extracted from seismic tomograms
Aceh M=9.3
Nias M=8.7
20
S-wave anomaly map : 35 – 70 km
ak135 (%)
Precursors of Large Earthquakes BMG
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END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ( HIGH COMPLEXITY ) I
TECHNICAL WORKS
BMG, BAKOSURTANAL, BPPT, DJGSM LIPI, KOMINFO
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES, BAKORNAS PB, DEPSOS, LOCALPEMDA GOVT
t en sm se As rd za
Wa rn ing
Ha
III
BAPPENAS GLOBAL REGIONAL NATIONAL
– CAPACITY BUILDING
Mitigation
II
KEM. RISTEK, RISTEK LIPI, BPPT, ITB, BMG
Sumber: Int’l Tsunami Information Center; Maret 2005
2
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SENSOR INSTALATION AND SEISMIC MONITORING SEISMOGRAPH Planned : 160; Installed : 70 (to 2006)
ACCELEROGRAPH Planned : 500; Installed: 51 (to 2006)
INFORMATION
DATA PROCESSING DISSEMINATION 1. AUTOMATIC PROCESSING - Epicenter location, - Time, - Magnitude - depth
9 electricity 9 9 Security 9
Noise disturbance
9
Access Road Land Use (Local Gov’t)
2. SEA WAVE MONITORING - Tide Gauge (Natl Agency for Survey & Mapping) - GPS – Buoys (BPPT) 2. CRUST DEFORMATION - GPS (Natl Agency for Survey & Mapping)
Capacity Building Min. of RT, Universities, Research Institution) -Modelling -Database -Research & Development
3. DATA BASE - Historical of Tsunami - Pre-calculation - Tsunami Simulation
• Communication
(Dept. of Comm.) • Road, Tent (Dep. Of Public
Tsunami Warning 2. CROSS-CHECK - Magnitude? - Location ? - Tsunami ?
• Transportation
(Dept. of Transportation) Earthquake Information
REQUIREMENT 9 Soil layer
MITIGATION & REHABILITATION
-
-
POLRI HEADQUARTER ARMY HEADQUARTER LOCAL GOV’T DEPT. OF SOCIAL DEPT. OF HEALTH NAT’L COORD AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION TV – RADIO STA. PORT RADIO PORT ADMT. OFFICE PROVIDER GSM/ CDMA
Work) • Food & Water
(Min. of Public Welfare; Dept. of Social) • Health, Sanitary
(Dept. of Health) • Risk Management
(Dept. of Defense ) • Others
(Nat’l Coord Agency for Disaster Mitigation)
Public Education (Min. of RT, Dept. of Education, Indonesia Agency for Science) -Awareness - Tsunami Evacuation Drill -
3
22
END TO END OF TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM MONITORING SYSTEM
INTERFACING INSTITUTIONS
AUTOMATIC PROCESSING SYSTEM AT BMG HQ
DEPKOMINFO
Banda Aceh
JAKARTA
1 Padang Denpasar
EQ Info
- Time - Locationi - Depth - Magnitude
BAKORNAS PBP LOCAL GOVTS
EMAIL (BMG)
P U B L
ARMY
I C
SMS 2303 (BMG)
POLICE
BMG Pusat Jakarta EMAIL (AEIC)
Epicenter
TV & RADIO WARNINGS !!
OCEAN MONITORING SYSTEM
SMS (AEIC)
• Tide Gauge
SERVER
• DART Buoy
Tsunami
2Information
INTERACTIVELY
BMG
BADAN METEOROLOGI & GEOFISIKA JL. ANGKASA I NO. 2 KEMAYORAN JAKARTA PUSAT – INDONESIA TEL/ FAX. 62 21 6542983 http://www.bmg.go.id
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