Prague, city and sustainability ...

Tomáš Matuška UCEEB, Czech Technical University in Prague

Tomáš Voříšek SEVEn

Sustainability in Historic Centres, Dutch Embassy, 2.2.2015

Czech Technical University in Prague (CVUT)

• one of the oldest universities in Europe (founded 1707) • 24 000 students, 8 faculties, 5 institutes and research centers • University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings (UCEEB CVUT) in Bustehrad – dedicated to research in buildings in 5 main departments • Architecture, buildings and interaction with environment • Energy systems in buildings • Indoor environment quality • Materials and structures

cca 100 researches (70 FTE)

• Monitoring, diagnostics and intelligent control

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SEVEn

• consulting company from 1990 • activities in the field of business development and economically efficient energy use – energy services and energy performance contracting (EPC) – financing energy efficiency projects – energy audits and certificates, inspections of power facilities – feasibility studies – preparation of legislation, regional development plans

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PRAGUE – BASIC DATA

• capital city of Czech Republic • 1.2 mil. inhabitants • area 500 km2 • building stock of Prague: – 100 000 buildings – 60 % family houses – 30 % multifamily houses

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PRAGUE – ENERGY DATA

• energy demand dependent on fully imported energy – natural gas

33 PJ

– electricity

20 PJ

– district heating

9 PJ

– solid fuels

6 PJ

– RES electricity produced

0.6 PJ

– RES heat produced

1.3 PJ

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PRAGUE – 50 % OF RESINDENTIAL HEAT SUPPLY FROM DH

residential stock of eastern part of city connected to wide municipal district heating system

residential stock of western part of city connected to local DH system from gas boilers

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CITY CENTER and ENERGY

• Prague 1 and Prague 2 districts • protected heritage zones • area of 1000 hectars • x1000 of buildings built before 1900

• typically natural gas-fired boilers • no district heating in the city center

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COMMON TOPICS FOR RETROFITS IN CITY CENTER

• no possibility to change the building structure • saving measures on energy demand side – HVAC systems retrofit, heat recovery (ventilation, technology, etc.)

• saving measures on energy production side – high efficiency gas boilers – heating and cooling by heat pumps

• control and systems optimization

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ARCHBISHOP GRAMMAR SCHOOL

• under Prague Archbishopric • eight year church school, building owned by St. Francis sisters • not typical historic building, dated from 1938

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RENEWABLES – SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM FOR HOT WATER

• one of the largest solar photothermal systems in the city of Prague (2005) • located in city center, zone of historical heritage protection

• collector field area 120 m2

at slope 10°(summer)

• storage tanks 6000 l, connected to gas boilers • hot water for the school, canteen and Christian youth home (mainly) • supported by extensive subsidy from Ministry of Environment

• no visibility from the street 10

RENEWABLES – SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM FOR HOT WATER

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RENEWABLES – SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM FOR HOT WATER

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COMPLEX RETROFIT IN NATIONAL THEATRE (2006 – 2009)

• extensive heat recovery from theatre technology, ventilation, waste heat • reverse cooling unit / heat pumps, gas condensing boilers combined with HP • photovoltaic power plant

... all measures as EPC

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RENEWABLES - HEAT PUMPS

• reverse cooling unit using the ambient heat from Vltava river

• heat pump unit using the waste heat from theatre technology

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RENEWABLES - PHOTOVOLTAICS

• amorphous BIPV modules integrated in hydroinsulation of the roofs

• service building: 22 kWp (2008)

• New scene: 25 kWp (2009)

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VLTAVA RIVER AND HEAT PUMPS Rudolfinum gallery house of Philharmonia Four Seasons hotel

National Theatre

Žofín Palace

Mánes Galery

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USE OF RENEWABLES IN PRAGUE CENTER - CONS

• solar energy – strict historical heritage regulation resulting in „no PV on really historical buildings and monuments“

• no possibility for: – change of appearance or structure – change of material! (national heritage institute)

• the „invisible“ installation is not enough ...

real challenge ...

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USE OF RENEWABLES IN PRAGUE CENTER - CONS

• ambient energy (Vltava river water) – heat pumps for heating, cooling using water from Vltava river

• watercourse administrator regulation and prices – technically possible if ∆T < 3 K – use above 1200 m3/month (5.5 kW) at price 0,15 €/m3 – i.e. price for pure renewable energy from river 0,04 €/kWh – 10 times higher than in Germany

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USE OF RENEWABLES IN PRAGUE CENTER - PROS

• new municipal energy policy strategy – published by Prague city administration – strategy for next 20 years

• the plan promotes – rational use of energy – increase of energy security – higher use of local energy sources (renewables) if economically affordable

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FUTURE PROJECT? PRAGUE CITY MAYOR HOUSE

Municipality buildings

Four seasons

National Library (Clementinum)

already cooled by Vltava River

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GRID OF UNDERGROUND COLLECTORS CONNECTIONS

it is technically possible ...

blue – distribution type red – interconnecting green – deep collectors

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MAYOR HOUSE PROJECT

• there are no technology problems – use of river water for heating and cooling purposes – solutions experienced – similar installations around

• problematic economic part – price of the cooling energy is not competitive – price of the heating energy is not competitive – at given river water price

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OTHER CAPACITIES

[email protected]

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