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PHOSMET (103) First draft prepared by Dugald MacLachlan, Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kingston, Australia EXPLANATION Phosmet was first evaluated in 1976, and most recently in 1997 for residues and in 1998 for toxicology (acute RfD). The 1997 JMPR recommended the withdrawal of the existing CXLs for, among other crops, blueberries, citrus fruits, nectarines, pears and potatoes. The 31st CCPR (1999) decided to retain the CXLs for four years under the Periodic Review Programme as the Committee was informed that information would be reported to support recommendations for all crops except feijoa and kiwifruit. Data to support the existing CXLs for blueberries, citrus fruits, pear, nectarines and tree nuts and other critical data required for the estimation of maximum residue levels were provided by the manufacturer. The governments of Australia and The Netherlands reported information on national GAP and/or residue data. RESIDUE ANALYSIS No new information on methods of analysis was provided. USE PATTERN The information available to the Meeting on registered uses is summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Registered uses of phosmet (pre-harvest, WP formulations). Crop
Country Method
Application Rate Spray conc. (kg ai/ha) (kg ai/hl)
USA
Foliar
3.4 – 4.2
Blueberries
Canada
Foliar
1.1
Blueberries
USA
Foliar
1
Almonds
Citrus
Argentina
Citrus
0.11
No.
PHI (days)
2
30
1-2
15
1-2
3
Applied as a bait
0.06
Spain
Foliar
0.075-0.13
Citrus (orange, grapefruit), Florida only
USA
Foliar
0.8 – 1.6
Nectarine
Chile
Foliar
-
Nectarines
USA
Foliar
1.7 – 3.3
14
Pear
Canada
Foliar
1.9
1
Pear
Chile
Foliar
-
0.075-0.09
7
Pears
USA
Foliar
1.7 – 5.6
0.025-0.05
7
30 5
0.05-0.06
7 14
1130
phosmet
Crop
Country Method USA
Foliar
USA
Foliar
Pistachios
USA
Walnuts, Filberts and other nuts
USA
Pecans Pistachios
1 2
Application Rate Spray conc. (kg ai/ha) (kg ai/hl) 1.6 – 2.5
No.
PHI (days) 141
0.05
3.4 – 4.4
142 CA only (before 10% hull split)
Dormant spray
2.4-3.4
7 CA only
Foliar
3.4 – 6.7
max. 5
14; (not after hull split)
Do not graze or feed livestock on cover crops grown in treated pecan groves Do not graze or feed livestock on cover crops grown in treated pistachio groves
RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS The results of the residue trials are shown in Tables 2-13 and are reviewed in order of the Codex Alimentarius Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13
Oranges. Mandarins. Grapefruit. Lemons. Pears. Nectarines. Blueberries. Almonds. Hazelnuts. Pecans. Pistachios. Walnuts.
Where residues were not detected the results are reported as below the limit of quantification (LOQ), e.g. 80%.
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phosmet Table 2. Residues of phosmet in oranges after foliar applications of various formulations. Location, year, variety
Application Form kg ai/ha kg ai/hl Grant and Meyers, 1992 (SAI 132-152 days) Concordia, Argentina, WP 0.5 0.06 1991, Valencia late
l/ha
No.
PHI (days)
Phosmet and (oxon), mg/kg
Report no./comments
6
7
0.32 (
