Offshore wind power ENERTECH2009 Athens Greece Sten Frandsen dr.techn. MSc.
[email protected]
My talk: • Status of offshore wind activities • Economy of offshore wind power plants • Future planned and possible deployment in the future; major
research issues
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Entering the post‐fossil age.. what are our options? Well, other renewable technologies will (hopefully) follow, BUT….
...wind energy is presently the only technically and economically ready renewable candidate for replacement of fossil fuels
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
New power capacity additions 1999‐2008 (EU‐27, GW) Total installed wind energy: 200 GW GW 120 100
Wind, best onshore: 3-4 c€/kWh
100,0
80 60
58,9
40 20 0
4
10,4
Natural Wind Gas 50% 29%
Coal 5%
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
8,8
PhotoVoltaic 4%
7,0
Fuel Oil 4%
5,8
3,9
3,4
1,8
Nuclear Hydro Biomass Other 3%
2%
2%
1%
Source: EWEA, EPIA and Platts PowerVision ENERTECH2009
Renewables How much is there to harvest?
REN21 - 2007 5
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
How does the wind turbine make electricity? the wind turbine the wind THE WIND ENERGY FUEL • The approaching wind is proportional to the cubed wind speed:
A (swept area)
+ • Thus, doubling of wind speed:
efficiency
• Good wind is everything…
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
The winds, onshore
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
..and offshore
ENERTECH2009
Status of offshore wind energy
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
The substructure options for offshore wts
Past 9
Shallow water
Future Deep water
ENERTECH2009
World electricity consumption per year: approx. 2 TWy
Offshore potential 2004 European prospects: In terms of capacity 20GW – 70GW – 600GW
Rest of world: In terms of energy per y theoretical - 5 TWy/y practical - 0.5 TWy/y
! e t
e l o s b is O l y a ! i d nt r a e e h e r t g i o h Al P h c u m
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FromTechnical Shaw et alUniversity (2002) Risø DTU, of Denmark
From Siegfriedsen et al (2003). ENERTECH2009
Two first real demonstration projects Each approx 160 MW
(km)
Horns Rev
Nysted
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
North Sea: Horns Rev ‐ monopile
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
The Baltics Nysted – gravity foundations
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Horns Rev 2 ‐ September 2009
200 MW Siemens/DONG
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Offshore – current status End 2008: 1.5 GW offshore – 8 EU countries
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Largest “stock average” offshore wind turbine • RePower/Talisman 2x5MW at Beatrice oil platform, Scotland • 45m water depth, jacket substructure
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Not stock average: floating wind turbine
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Economy etc. of offshore wind power
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
ENERTECH2009
Investment cost per MW Average for the Horns Rev+Nysted DK projects Component Turbines ex. work, including transport and erection Trafo-station and main cable to coast Internal grid between turbines Foundations Design, project management Environmental analysis etc. Miscellaneous Total
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Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark
Investments 1000 €/MW 815
Share % 49
270 85 350 100 50 10 1680
16 5 21 6 3
