NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC ORDER Dr. Emmanuel GILLET The Polytechnic University of Hong Kong Faculty of Business

DOMAIN NAMES AND DNS Comparative, Institutional Perspectives and Recent Developments in the DNS Governance 14 May 2014, Wednesday, 9:00am – 12:00nn Hong Kong International Arbitration Center A CUHK/CFRED Seminar co-organized with ADNDRC

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 1.  New gTLDs 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution 3.  Public Policy Matters

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 1.  New gTLDs

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱 雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO .BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY .GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC . PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP .TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. An Overview Dispute Resolution Mechanism

Object

Dispute Resolution Mechanism

String Confusion Objections

Existing TLD

International Center for Dispute Resolution

Legal Rights Objections

Prior Rights

WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center

Limited Public Interest Objections

Public Interest

International Center of Expertise of the ICC

Community Objections

Community Interest

Community objection

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. An Overview Independent Objector (IO) Acting solely in the best interests of global Internet users

The can lodge objections on the grounds of: Limited Public interest Objections Community objections In cases where no other objection has been filed. Professor Alain PELLET serves as the Independent Objector.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics

Active applications

1397

Proceedings

267

Source: ICANN (5 May 2014)

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

String confusion, 76

Community, 104

Total number of objections 272

Public interest, 23

LRO, 69

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics. Upheld with dissenting opinoin, 3

Upheld, 1

Total number of Legal Right Objections Objection rejected, 59

63

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

In Progress, 2

Objector, 15

Withdraw, 30

Total number of Community Objections 47

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics. Terminated, 3

Objector, 12 Withdraw, 6 Applicant, 46

Total number of String Confusion Objections 67

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics. Objector, 1 Withdraw, 1

Objector with dissenting opinion, 1

In progress, 11 Applicant, 9

Total number of Public Interest Objections 23

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

Community, 13 Public Interest, 23

Total number of objections lodged by the IO 36

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱 雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO .BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY .GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC . PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP .TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Community

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱 雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO .BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY .GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC . PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP .TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱 雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO .BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY .GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC . PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP .TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱 雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO .BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY .GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC . PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP .TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

Several expert determinations

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

Sou

Source: ICANN

Dr. Emmanuel GILLET

v

[email protected]

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

Source: ICANN

Dr. Emmanuel GILLET

v

[email protected]

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector •  Value of the new gTLDs in the health sector •  Health market is constantly growing •  Acceleration with the big data revolution

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

VALUE ATTRACTS VULTURES

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v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector •  Risks we must take into consideration •  Online counterfeiting •  Fake pharmacies •  • 

12 July 2013, French law liberalizing drugs market September 2013: 11 fake e-pharmacies (based in Russia) shut down •  Scamming, identity theft, phishing, etc.

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v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

© Realdanger.co.uk

•  Risks we must take into consideration •  Online counterfeiting •  Acceleration with the big data revolution

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector •  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike •  IO: “the applied-for gTLD string is contrary to generally accepted legal norms relating to morality and public order that are recognized under principles of international law” (reference to paragraph 3.5.3. of the Guidebook) •  References to various provisions from international instruments of law •  “Misuse of the word “hospital” can cause significant harm to the society”

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector •  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike •  Counter-arguments •  • 

• 

Freedom of expression WHO Resolution on eHealth standardization and interoperability: health-related global top-level domain names in all languages (…) should be operated in a way that protects public health, including by preventing the further development of illicit markets of medicines, medical devices and unauthorized products and services (…)” Intended use is not contrary to fundamental norms of public order and morality” (dissenting opinion) CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector •  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike •  Expert determination: Objection justified

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v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

Proposition for a co-regulation: to involve the WHO •  As an observer? •  In the board of the registry?

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Thank you Emmanuel GILLET, PH D v [email protected]

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET