AP Euro 2012-2013

Mr. Burrell

Napoleon and Romanticism Objectives: 1. Explain how the ideology of the French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic empire 2. Analyze the threat France posed to the rest of Europe and the various wars and alliances that were created because of this threat 3. Describle Napoleon’s rise to power, his coronation as emperor and his administrative reforms 4. Understand why Napoleon’s empire fell and the mistakes he made during the invasion of Russia 5. Explain the Romantic movement through literature and art with the emphasis that it was a reaction to the Enlightenment Calendar: For those of you that need guidance, here is a calendar for you to stay on track. Otherwise, finish the chapter and the homework packet and prepare for the quiz on Friday when you return. Mon 12/21

Take the next few days off – Enjoy a break

Wed 12/26

Read Kagan pg. 626-630

Thu 12/27

Read Kagan pg. 630-633

Fri 12/28

Read Kagan pg. 633-640

Sat 12/29

Take the next few days off – Enjoy a break

Happy New Year !! Wed 1/2

Read Kagan pg. 640-643

Thu 1/3

Read Kagan pg. 643-648

Fri 1/4

Read Kagan pg. 648-654

Sat 1/5

Complete the Napoleon Packet

Mon 1/7

No School – Staff Inservice

Tue 1/8

Welcome Back – Discuss grades Turn in Napoleon Packet Review Napoleon Chapter – Answer Questions H.O. Romantic Art packet (due Friday) HW: Complete Art Packet

Wed 1/9

Discuss Congress of Vienna HW: Study for Quiz Study Hall: Review for Napoleon Quiz

Thu 1/10

Discuss the Romantic Movement HW: Study for Quiz

Fri 1/11

Turn in Art Packet Quiz on Napoleon & Romanticism

AP Unit VII Review Sheet Chapter 20- The Age of Napoleon and the Triumph of Romanticism Coup d’ etat, 18 Fructidor, early military victories of Napoleon, Treaty of Campo Formio, invasion of Egypt, Admiral Horatio Nelson, Abukir, Constitution of the Year VIII, 19 Brumaire, Abbe Sieyes Consulate, Treaty of Luneville, Treaty of Amiens, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Concordat with the Roman Catholic Church, Pope Pius VII, Organic Articles, Napoleonic Code or Civil Code of 1804, First consul of the Republic, plebiscite, emperor Napoleon Results of the Treaty of Amiens, Battle of Trafalgar, Austerlitz, Condfederation of the Rhine, Berline Decrees, Treaty of Tilsit, Tsar Alexander I, Continental System, Milan Decree Germany’s response, Fredrick William III, Baron bon Stein, conscription of Prussian troops, Joseph King of Spain, Spanish Rebellion, Duke of Wellington, Marie Louise, Invasion of Russia, scorched earth policy, Moscow, Prince Klemens von Metternich, European Coalition, Leipzig, Battle of Nations, abdication of Napoleon, Elba Viscount Castlereagh, Treaty of Chaumont, Quadruple Alliance, Congress of Vienna, big four, Buffer states, creation of Netherlands and Belgium, Hundred Days, Duke of Wellington, Waterloo, Saint Helena, Holy Alliance, goals of the congress Romantic movement, Methodism, Sturm and Drang, Rousseau on education, Emile, Immanuel Kant, The Critique of Pure Reason, The Critique of Practical Reason, “forms of sensibility”, “noumenal” world, categorical imperative Neoclassical writers, Willhelm von Schlegel, Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature, Madame de Stael, Victor Hugo, William Blake, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Wordsworth, Lord Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Don Juan, Friedrich Schlegel, Lucinde, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust Methodism, John Wesley, “Holy Club”, Viscount Francois Rene Chateubriand, The Genius of Christianity, Speeches on Religion to Its Cultures Despisers J.G. Fichte, Johann Herder, Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, thesis, antithesis, synthesis

Unit VII: Guided Questions 1. What were some of the characteristics of Napoleon’s earlier life and career that laid the groundwork for his later rise to power? 2. What were some of Napoleon’s earlier military successes? failures? 3. To what extent was his dramatic political/military ascent a product of the French Revolution?

4. Why was the Brumaire coup in 1779 successful? What were its political goals? 5. How did the Brumaire coup help install a dictatorship, even though that was not its original intent? 6. How did the French Revolution make it easier for Napoleon to come to power and rule France? 7. What were the provisions of France’s new Constitution of 1800? of the first revision in 1802? of the second revision of 1804? 8. Regarding the Concordat of 1801: - Why did Napoleon negotiate a Concordat with the Catholic Church in 1801? - What were the advantages and disadvantages for Napoleon and for the Church in concluding this agreement? - Who got the better of the deal and why? 9. How did Napoleon treat Jews and Protestants within his Empire? 10. What were some of the legal rights/ principles established in the Code Napoleon? Identify some of its less “democratic” features. 11. How did Napoleon undo many of the civil rights established during the Revolution for women and children? 12. What were the provisions of the Treaty of Amiens? Why did it fail to keep the peace in Europe? 13. What were the objectives of the Third Coalition? How successful were they? 14. Why was the Battle of Trafalgar such an important military loss for Napoleon? 15. How did Napoleon’s policies in Central Europe aid in the development of German nationalism? 16. How was Napoleon’s “Empire” organized? What revolutionary principles were incorporated into the states which France now governed? 17. What did the Tsar and Napoleon agree to in the Treaty of Tilsit? 18. Why did Napoleon divorce Josephine and marry the Habsburg princess, Marie Louis? 19. In regard to the Continental System: - What was it? - What was its purpose? - How successful was it? - Who suffered the most from it? - What was its weakest link? 20. Who were the members of the Third Coalition against Napoleon? Why did France go to war in 1805? What were the military and political results of this new confrontation? 21. Why was Napoleon decision to invade Russia he biggest mistake of his military career? 22. Regarding the Congress of Vienna: - Who were the main representatives there? - What were its guiding principles? -What territorial/dynastic changes were agreed to or recognized there? - What role, if any, did France play at Vienna? 23. How were the terms of the original peace treaty regarding France altered after Napoleon was defeated a second time and shipped off to St. Helena in 1815? 24. Identify some of the major themes of the Romantic movement. 25. How did the attitudes of Romanticism differ from those of the Enlightenment? Why did the romantics reject the rationalism of the Enlightenment? 26. How did Methodism and Pietism fit into the Romantic Movement?

Napoleon & the Triumph of Romanticism AP Winter Break HW Instructions: You have approximately three assignments (1815 Map, questions on this paper) over break for a total of forty points. Please type out your answers. If you have problems, be sure to drop me an email. Be sure to spend your time on this and do a good job. I. Determine which of the following activities of Napoleon were successes and which were failures and explain the reason(s) for your choices. Creations of Republics Egyptian campaign Continental system Centralized authority Concordat of 1801 Legion of Honor Abolition of serfdom and feudalism Political repression Invasion of Russia Financial exploitation of conquered lands Code Napoleon Religious toleration Aggrandizement of his family Waterloo Nationalism Public works Economic stimulation Contempt for mankind Manipulation of law and religion Public education system Great military conquests Monarchical corruption 1,000,000 French casualties Abolition of Holy Roman Empire Treaty of Tilsit Battle of Trafalgar Make it into a chart like this: Successes Reasons for Success

Failures

Reasons for Failures

II. Read the following evaluations of Napoleon and the background of the authors. Write for each how the individual’s assessment of Napoleon reflects his major interests of concerns. A. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe on Napoleon: Now Napoleon- there was a fellow! Always enlightened by reason, always clear and decisive, and gifted at every moment with enough energy to translate into action whatever he recognized as a being advantageous or necessary. His life was the stride of a demigod from battle to battle and from victory to victory...it could...be said that he was in a permanent state of enlightenment, which is why his fate was more brilliant than the world has even seen or is likely to see after him. J. Chirstopher Herold. The Horizon Book of the Age of Napoleon (New York: American Heritage Publishing Company, 1963), p.377.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) was a leading German author and polymath whose collected works fill over 140 volumes. He searched for the mysteries of nature and human experience in his lyrics and verse and considered the political order in The Sorrows of the Young Werther and Faust. In Werther, Goethe explained that despair as only reaction one could have in the face of the Old Order, while in Faust he preserved the Romantic notion of the pursuit of supernatural power. Like his fellow Romantics, he viewed the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon as the dawn of a new and heroic epoch that ushered in a new world.

B. John Adams on Napoleon: What a mighty bubble!! What a tremendous Waterspout has Napoleon been according to his Life written by himself? He says he was the Creature of Principle and Manners of the Age. By which no doubt he means the Age of Reason. I believe him. A Whirlwind raised him and a Whirlwind blowed him away to St. Helena. He is very confident that the Age of Reason is not past, and so am I; but I hope that reason will enver rise again rashly and hastily create such a Creatures as him. Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, and Humanity will never again, I hope, blindly surrender themselves to an unbounded Ambition for National Conquests, nor implicitly commit themselves to the custody and Guardianship of Arms and Heroes. If they do, they will again end in St.Helena. J. Chirstopher Herold. The Horizon Book of the Age of Napoleon (New York: American Heritage Publishing Company, 1963), p.377.

John Adams (1735-1826), a well-read teacher and lawyer, championed American independence when British measures infringed on colonial liberties and self-government, wrote most of the Massachusetts State Constitution and its Bill of Rights, and served as Federalist President of the United States during the stormy years of trouble with France in the late 1790’s. Adams distrusted popular government and strived to create and maintain dignity, ritual, and authority in his administration. Despite the counsel from many in his party to pursue war with France after the XYZ affair, Adams chose an independent couse of military conquest precipitated a split in his party and cost him his chance for a second term. Adams later considered his success in avoiding war with France the major accomplishment of his presidency. III. Napoleon has been described as a hero, an opportunist, a patriot, or a revolutionary. Based on you evidence, in which category would you place him. Be sure to justify your answer. IV. Study the two pictures below and determine the direction an historical interpretation of Napoleon would follow if it were based on Picture A or Picture B. View them in color at pioneerapeuro.blogspot.com/.

V. (A) Create a T-chart that lists Napoleon’s enlightened aspects versus his unenlightened ones. (B) The final item is to write a paragraph showing that Napoleon was either enlightened or unenlightened. (Hint- do not say both, take a stand on one side or the other and explain why you are right).