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Chapter Test Gases In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.
______ 1. The only property listed below that is not characteristic of gases is a. the ability to flow easily. b. very high density. c. compressibility. d. an indeterminate shape. ______ 2. The SI unit of pressure is a. pascals. b. newtons. c. atms. d. liters. ______ 3. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gases are highly compressible because the particles of which they consist a. lose energy when they collide with each other. b. are very apart from each other. c. experience a strong force of attraction. d. experience a strong force of repulsion. ______ 4. If the velocity of a sample of molecules is doubled, their kinetic energy a. is reduced by half. b. doubles. c. increases by a factor of four. d. is reduced by one-fourth. ______ 5. In the reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) £ 2H2O(g), assuming conditions of pressure and temperature remain the same, what is the volume ratio of H2 to H2O? a. 1:1 b. 2:3 c. 4:3 d. 4:6 ______ 6. The passage of gas particles through a small opening is called a. diffusion. b. leaking. c. effusion. d. partial pressure.
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Chapter Test continued C
A PV/nRT
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D B
P
Figure 1 ______ 7. The curve shown in Figure 1 that represents an ideal gas is curve a. A. b. B. c. C. d. D. ______ 8. According to Avogadro’s law, 1 L of H2 (g) and 1 L of O2 (g) at the same temperature and pressure a. have the same mass. b. have unequal volumes. c. contain 1 mol of gas each. d. contain equal number of molecules. ______ 9. The law that relates the pressure and volume of a gas to each other is known as a. Charles’s law. b. Boyle’s law. c. Gay-Lussac’s law. d. Graham’s law. ______10. Which is not a measurable property of gases? a. total volume occupied b. number of moles c. composition d. temperature in kelvins
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Chapter Test continued ______11. All of the oxygen is removed from a sample of air in a glass tube. The pressure exerted by the remaining air a. does not change. b. doubles. c. is reduced by half. d. is reduced by about 20%. ______12. Gases tend to deviate from the ideal gas law at a. high pressures. b. low pressures. c. high temperatures. d. high pressures and temperatures. ______13. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of matter a. are in constant motion. b. have different shapes. c. have different colors. d. are always fluid. ______14. Gay-Lussac recognized that at constant temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactants and products a. can be expressed as ratios of small whole numbers. b. add up to 22.4 L. c. equal R. d. always equal 1 L. ______15. Which is an example of gas diffusion? a. inflating a flat tire b. the odor of perfume spreading throughout a room c. a cylinder of oxygen stored under high pressure d. All of the above ______16. The law of combining volumes applies only to gas volumes a. measured at constant temperature and pressure. b. that equal 1 L. c. that equal 22.4 L d. measured at STP. ______ 17. At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the a. molar mass of the gas. b. number of moles of gas. c. density of the gas at STP. d. rate of diffusion.
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Chapter Test continued ______18. In a chemical equation, the coefficients for reactants and products that are gases indicate a. volumes at STP. b. volume ratios. c. molar mass of each substance. d. densities. ______19. The ratios of the volumes of the gaseous reactants and products in a chemical reaction at constant temperature and pressure can be determined from the a. formulas. b. coefficients in the balanced equation. c. subscripts in the balanced equation. d. gas constant. ______20. In the reaction 2C(s) O2(g) £ 2CO(g), what is the volume ratio of O2 to CO? a. 1:1 b. 2:1 c. 1:2 d. 2:2
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Chapter Test continued 21. At a winter carnival, a balloon is filled with 5.00 L of helium at a temperature of 273 K. What will be the volume of the balloon when it is brought into a warm house at 295 K?
22. During a stay in the mountains, a motorist drank bottled water from a 1.000 L plastic container and capped the empty bottle. At the end of a drive to the coast, the bottle was crumpled to a volume of 0.750 L. If the air pressure at sea level was 1.15 atm, what was the pressure in the mountains?
23. The air in a person’s lungs consists of 0.177 mol of gas particles at 310 K and 101.3 kPa pressure. What is the volume of the air?
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Chapter Test continued 24. How does the kinetic-molecular theory explain the fluid behavior of gases?
25. Of what value are theoretical models, such as the ideal gas law, in science if they do not describe the behavior of a real substance?
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TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
Answer Key 21. V2 T2 V1/T1 295 K 5.00 L/
Quiz—Section: Characteristics of Gases 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
b a c a b
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
273 K 5.40 L
22. P2 P1 V1/V2 1.15 atm
0.750 L/1.000 L 0.863 atm
c c a c c
23. V nRT/P (0.177 mol)(8.314
Quiz—Section: The Gas Laws 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
a c c b c
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
d b d c c
Quiz—Section: Molecular Composition of Gases 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
d a c b d
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
a c b c a
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
d a a a b a b b b c
LkPa/molK)(310 K)/101.3 kPa 4.50 L 24. The kinetic-molecular theory states that particles move in a constant rapid, random motion. Gas particles are very far apart relative to their size. This means that they can move past each other easily, giving gases their fluid behavior. 25. Models are useful because they reduce complex systems to simpler forms that are easier to study and understand. Once a simple form of a system has been examined, it can lead to the understanding of more complex systems of the same general type.
Chapter Test 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
b a b c c c a d b c
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