Morenci Open Pit Copper Mine, Morenci Arizona

Morenci Open Pit Copper Mine, Morenci Arizona

Desert Bighorn Sheep, Morenci Mine

RULES TO LIVE BY FATALITY PREVENTION The goal of rules to live by is to reduce deaths and injuries from the targeted standards by having mine operators identify and correct (“find and fix”) all hazardous conditions and to have MSHA enforcement be directed toward confirmation that violations related to these conditions are not present at mines. This program will spotlight the safety standards most frequently cited during fatal accident investigations through outreach efforts with the mining industry and enhanced enforcement by MSHA inspectors.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By

While the U.S. mining community achieved a recordsetting low in the number of mining deaths in the last year and has seen a significant decline in fatal mining accidents during the past 10 years, too many miners still lose their lives in preventable accidents. MSHA conducted and analysis of the 589 mining deaths in the 21st century through 2008.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By

Mining Deaths

Fatalities relating to 24 priority standards Fatalities relating to all other standards

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By

VIOLATIONS OF THE INITIAL 13 RULES TO LIVE BY IDENTIFIED MNM STANDARDS CONTRIBUTED TO 162 (45%) OF THE 360 MNM FATALITIES.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By

The analysis identified the most common conditions and practices that contributed to mining deaths, as well as the most common violations of safety standards and root causes associated with these fatal accidents. As a results of that analysis, MSHA identified 11 coal and 13 metal/nonmetal safety and health standards frequently cited in fatal accident investigations.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By ALL OF US MUST FOCUS ON WHY THESE ACCIDENTS HAPPEN AND HOW TO PREVENT THEM PREVENT FATALITIES-RULES TO LIVE BY, ROLLED OUT IN TWO PHASES: (1) INDUSTRY OUTREACH (2) ENHANCED ENFORCEMENT MSHA WILL PROVIDE INFORMATION THROUGH KANSAS CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION, KANSAS SAFETY CONSULTANTS, KANSAS SMALL MINES, SMALL MINE CONSULTATION PROGRAM, THROUGH THE WEB PAGE AND OUR INSPECTORS.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.9101Operating speeds and control of equipment Operators of self-propelled mobile equipment shall maintain control of the equipment while it is in motion. Operating speeds shall be consistent with conditions of roadways, tracks, grades, clearance, visibility, and traffic, and the type of equipment used.

Operating Speeds Operator not maintaining control while in motion Operating at an unsafe speed for road condition, terrain or weather conditions Operating on too great of a slope Berms

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.12017-

Work on power circuits. Power circuits shall be deenergized before work is done on such circuits unless hot-line tools are used. Suitable warning signs shall be posted by the individuals who are to do the work. Switches shall be locked out or other measures taken which shall prevent the power circuits from being energized without the knowledge of the individuals working on them. Such locks, signs, or preventative devices shall be removed only by the person who installed them or by authorized personnel.

Work on Powered Circuits Power is de-energized before work is performed Person must post suitable warning signs Lock out switches or other measures taken Person performing work must remove locks and signs

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14101 (a)-

Brakes. (a) Minimum requirements. (1) Self-propelled mobile equipment shall be equipped with a service brake system capable of stopping and holding the equipment with its typical load on the maximum grade it travels. This standard does not apply to equipment which is not originally equipped with brakes unless the manner in which the equipment is being operated requires the use of brakes for safe operation. This standard does not apply to rail equipment. (2) If equipped on self-propelled mobile equipment, parking brakes shall be capable of holding the equipment with its typical load on the maximum grade it travels. (3) All braking systems installed on the equipment shall be maintained in functional condition.

Brakes Service brakes not capable of stopping and holding equipment with its typical load on the maximum grade it travels Parking brakes not capable of holding equipment with its typical load on maximum grade it travels A brake system component not maintained in a functional condition.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14105Procedures during repairs or maintenance. Repairs or maintenance of machinery or equipment shall be performed only after the power is off, and the machinery or equipment blocked against hazardous motion. Machinery or equipment motion or activation is permitted to the extent that adjustments or testing cannot be performed without motion or activation, provided that persons are effectively protected from hazardous motion.

Procedures during Maintenance Failure to prevent hazardous motion of machinery or equipment during maintenance or repairs accounted for the highest number of fatalities at MNM mines for 2000-2008

 Machinery or equipment not blocked against hazardous motion during repairs or maintenance  De-energized  What hazardous motion is possible and have efforts been taken to prevent movement?  Adequate blocking materials available  Do you have to move the equipment to make repairs?  Are there stored energy sources?

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14130 (g)Wearing seat belts Seat belts shall be worn by the equipment operator except that when operating graders from a standing position, the grader operator shall wear safety lines and a harness in place of a seat belt.

Wearing Seat Belts Equipment included (1) Crawler tractors and crawler loaders; (2) Graders; (3) Wheel loaders and wheel tractors; (4) The tractor portion of semi-mounted scrapers, dumpers, water wagons, bottom-dump wagons, rear-dump wagons, and towed fifth wheel attachments; (5) Skid-steer loaders; and (6) Agricultural tractors.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14131 (a)-

Seat belts Seat belts shall be provided and worn in haulage trucks.

Haulage Truck Seat Belts Task training on Mandatory use of seatbelts Regular observation by supervisors Corrective actions when belts are not worn Job safety analysis program to reinforce task training.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14205Machinery, equipment, and tools Machinery, equipment, and tools shall not be used beyond the design capacity intended by the manufacturer where such use may create a hazard to persons.

Used Beyond Design Capacity 14 Fatalities in MNM from 2000-2008 Examples: Cheater bar, pipe as a brace, bent hooks, cinder blocks for supports, using crane to drag loads, overloaded equipment

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14207Parking procedures for unattended equipment Mobile equipment shall not be left unattended unless the controls are placed in the park position and the parking brake, if provided, is set. When parked on a grade, the wheels or tracks of mobile equipment shall be either chocked or turned into a bank.

Parked Equipment Can this include pick up trucks? Can this include track equipment? Important at high pedestrian areas, near lunchrooms/breakrooms Inspect parking procedures for all mobile equipment parked on a grade.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.15005Safety belts and lines Safety belts and lines shall be worn when persons work where there is danger of falling; a second person shall tend the lifeline when bins, tanks, or other dangerous areas are entered.

Harnesses Persons not wearing safety belts and lines when exposed to fall hazards Miners must use adequate anchor points Remember-Harnesses are NOT a replacement for providing safe access to areas where miners are required to travel as a normal part of their work assignments.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.16001 (c)Bins, hoppers, silos, tanks, and surge piles Where persons are required to enter any facility listed in this standard for maintenance or inspection purposes, ladders, platforms, or staging shall be provided. No person shall enter the facility until the supply and discharge of materials have ceased and the supply and discharge equipment is locked out. Persons entering the facility shall wear a safety belt or harness equipped with a lifeline suitably fastened. A second person, similarly equipped, shall be stationed near where the lifeline is fastened and shall constantly adjust it or keep it tight as needed, with minimum slack.

Silo and Tanks Ladders, platforms or staging must be provided for persons entering any facility for maintenance or inspection purposes. A safety belt or harness equipped with a lifeline, must be worn by anyone entering the facility. A second person tends the lifeline and is similarly equipped.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.16009Suspended loads Persons shall stay clear of suspended loads.

Suspended Loads Use of taglines Do not allow miners to position themselves under the load for any reason Warn anyone not involved in the lift of the hazard.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.20011Barricades and warning signs Areas where health or safety hazards exist that are not immediately obvious to employees shall be barricaded, or warning signs shall be posted at all approaches. Warning signs shall be readily visible, legible, and display the nature of the hazard and any protective action required.

Barricades and Warning Signs Such as areas not designed to support the miners weight Drop offs or tops of highwalls present particular hazards Use of signage Training for conditions that cannot be immediately abated Hazards not immediately evident such as welding fumes, labs and use of chemicals.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 57.3360-

Ground support use Ground support shall be used where ground conditions, or mining experience in similar ground conditions in the mine, indicate that it is necessary. When ground support is necessary, the support system shall be designed, installed, and maintained to control the ground in places where persons work or travel in performing their assigned tasks. Damaged, loosened, or dislodged timber use for ground support which creates a hazard to persons shall be repaired or replaced prior to any work or travel in the affected area.

Ground Support Contributed to 7 fatalities from 2000 to 2008 Involved mine operations failing to design, install and maintain ground support systems

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By The second phase of the RTLB program for surface mines are the Rules to Live By III. These standards were identified to be associated with 5 or more fatalities since the initial rollout.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 46.7 (a)-

New task training (a) You must provide any miner who is reassigned to a new task in which he or she has no previous work experience with training in the health and safety aspects of the task to be assigned, including the safe work procedures of such task, information about the physical and health hazards of chemicals in the miner's work area, the protective measures a miner can take against these hazards, and the contents of the mine's HazCom program. This training must be provided before the miner performs the new task.

Task Training Practice under the close observation of a competent person A reasonable amount of time must be allotted for each task to be trained Each piece of equipment, although similar, must be trained separate Training MUST be recorded.

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.3130Wall, bank, and slope stability Mining methods shall be used that will maintain wall, bank, and slope stability in places where persons work or travel in performing their assigned tasks. When benching is necessary, the width and height shall be based on the type of equipment used for cleaning of benches or for scaling of walls, banks, and slopes.

Bank Stability Prevent creation of a slide hazard, wall collapse Establish methods and procedures for heights and angles of highwalls Training to judge stability of dump site

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.3200Correction of hazardous conditions Ground conditions that create a hazard to persons shall be taken down or supported before other work or travel is permitted in the affected area. Until corrective work is completed, the area shall be posted with a warning against entry and, when left unattended, a barrier shall be installed to impede unauthorized entry.

Hazardous Conditions Changing conditions due to weather must be considered Barrier to impede entry could include berms, boulders Standard includes trenches Training to let miners know of the hazard

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.14100 (b)- 57.14100(b) Safety defects; examination, correction and records Defects on any equipment, machinery, and tools that affect safety shall be corrected in a timely manner to prevent the creation of a hazard to persons.

Safety Defects Timely manner Defects that affect safety Includes failure to maintain tools or equipment Using temporary repairs instead of permanent Overriding designed safety devices

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By 30 CFR 56.15020Life jackets and belts Life jackets or belts shall be worn where there is danger from falling into water.

Life Jackets Any work performed near or above the water Fatalities have occurred from equipment used near water Does a miner on a dredge have to use a life jacket?

Fatality Prevention – Rules to Live By Now that we have reviewed the most frequently cited Metal/Nonmetal standards contributing to fatalities in the country, you can take this information and use it to help supervisors, miners and other members of the mining community to improve safety and health in America’s mines.

One death is too many. We can end fatalities in the nation’s mines.