MATH for SCIENCE Temperature Conversions ~ Lesson Plan I.
Topic:
Temperature Conversion ~
II.
Goals/Objectives: A. Students will be able to identify the three types of measurements for temperature. B. Students will learn the conversion equations and steps to change temperatures from one set of temperature units to another set of temperature units. C. Students will know water’s boiling and freezing temperatures in all three temperature formats.
III.
National Education Standards: A. Mathematics. 1. NM-NUM.9-12.1 Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems. 2. NM-ALG.9-12.3 Use mathematic models to represent and understand quantitative relationships. 3. NM-ALG.9-12.4 Analyze change in various contexts. 4. NM-PROB.PK-12.1 Build new math knowledge through problem solving skills. 5. NM-PROB.PK-12.2 Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts. 6. NM-PROB.PK-12.3 Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems. 7. NM-PROB.COMM.PK-12.2 Communicate their math thinking coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others. 8. NM-PROB.CONN.PK-12.2 Understand how mathematic ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole. 9. NM-PROB.CONN.PK-12.3 Recognize and apply mathematics in contexts outside of the classroom. 10. NM-PROB.REP.PK-12.2 Select, apply, and translate among mathematic representations to solve problems. B. Science Standard 12: Level III – Benchmarks 6,8 Level IV – Benchmark 4
IV.
Materials: A. Blackboard with colored chalk or whiteboard with colored markers. B. Overhead projector. C. Clear projection sheets to make overhead sheets of the “Presentation Notes” for the overhead projector.
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 1 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
D. E. F.
“Student Notes” copied for each student. Pencils, colored pencils, & calculators. Temperature Conversion Problems Worksheet.
V. Presentation Outline: A. 3 Temperature Scales B. Conversion Formulas C. Water Scales D. Conversion Problems 1. Fahrenheit to Celsius 2. Celsius to Fahrenheit 3. Celsius to Kelvin 4. Kelvin to Celsius 5. Fahrenheit to Kelvin 6. Kelvin to Fahrenheit VI.
Presentation: A. Use the presentation notes on an overhead projector, or B. Use the power point presentation.
VII.
Temperature Conversion Presentation: Student Notes ~ Students are to fill in the blank spaces in their notes during the presentation.
VIII.
Independent Practice: Temperature Conversion Worksheet ~ A. Homework: #’s 1- 30. B. Homework should be due the next day.
IX.
Evaluation/Assessment: Temperature Conversion Quiz ~ Have students take this the next day after going over any questions about the HW.
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 2 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
MATH for SCIENCE Temperature Conversions I.
Temperature Scales ~ There are three different temperature scales; Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin. A. In the United States the Fahrenheit scale is used to measure the environmental temperatures. B. Most other nations use the Celsius scale for environmental temperatures. C. The Standard International (SI) temperature scale used in science is the Kelvin scale.
II.
Conversion Formulas ~ A. . B.
E.
III.
Fahrenheit to Celsius o C = 5 (oF – 32o) 9 Celsius to Fahrenheit o F = 9 oC + 32o 5 Fahrenheit to Kelvin This is a two step Process. Step 1. oC = 5(oF – 32) 9 Step 2. oK = oC + 273
C.
Celsius to Kelvin o C = oK – 273o
D.
Kelvin to Celsius o K = oC + 273o
F.
Kelvin to Fahrenheit This is a two step process. Step 1. oC = oK – 273 Step 2. oF = 9oC + 32 5
Water Scales The temperatures for when water freezes and boils differ according to the temperature scale being used. See the following chart:
At sea level & 25 oC Water Boils at: Water Freezes at: IV.
Fahrenheit 212o F 32o F
Celsius 100o C 0o C
Kelvin 373o K 273o K
Conversion Problems ~ These temperature conversion problems are easily done by substituting the given temperature into the appropriate equation. C = 5 (oF – 32) 9 o o 50 F to C 2. o C = 5 (50 – 32) = 10 oC 9
-10 oF to oC o C = 5 (- 10 – 32) = - 23.3 oC 9
80 oF to oC o C = 5(80 – 32) = 26.7 oC 9
98.6 0F to oC o C = 5 (98.6 – 32) = 37 oC 9
A. Fahrenheit to Celsius 1.
3.
o
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
4.
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 3 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions o
F = 9 oC + 32 5
B. Celsius to Fahrenheit 1.
25 oC to oF o F = 9 (25) + 32 = 77 oF 5
2.
0 oC to oF o F = 9 (0) + 32 = 32 oF 5
3.
100 oC to oF o F = 9 (100) + 32 = 212 oF 5
4.
45 oC to oF o F = 9 (45) + 32 = 113 oF 5
C. Celsius to Kelvin
K = oC + 273o
1.
17 oC to oK o K = 17 + 273 = 290 oK
2.
40 oC to oK o K = 40 + 273 = 313 oK
3.
100 oC to oK o K = 100 + 273 = 373 oK
4.
120 oC to oK o K = 120 + 273 = 393 oK
D. Kelvin to Celsius
o
C = oK – 273o
1.
500 oK to oC o C = 500 – 273 = 227 oC
2.
0 oK to oC o C = 0 – 273 = - 273 oC
3.
250 oK to oC o C = 250 – 273 = - 23 oC
4.
355 oK to oC o C = 355 – 273 = 82 oC
C = 5(oF – 32) 9 77 oF to oK o C = 5(77 – 32) 9 o C = 25 oC o K = 25 + 273 = 298 oK o K = 298 oK
E. Fahrenheit to Kelvin 1.
F.
o
Kelvin to Fahrenheit 1.
o
o
C = oK – 273
358 oK to oF o C = 358 – 273 o C = 85 oC o F = 9(85) + 32 5 o F = 153 + 32 o F = 185 oF
o
K = oC + 273
2.
14 oF to oK o C = 5(14 – 32) 9 o C = -10 oC o K = -10 + 273 o K = 263 oK
o
F = 9 oC + 32 5 2. 198 oK to oF o C = 198 – 273 o C = -75 oC o F = 9(- 75) + 32 5 o F = -135 + 32 o F = - 103 oF
Note for Teachers: The highlighted areas in the “Presentation” are the areas left blank in the “Student Notes.” These highlighted areas act as the grading “key” for the “Student Notes.” It is recommended that each word or number the student successfully records on his/her “Notes” sheets be given either one half (0.5) of a point or one point. Giving students points for recording important information encourages them to stay focused during class and helps to ensure that students have complete information to study. Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 4 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
Temperature Conversions ~ Student Notes Name: _____________________________________ Date: _______________ Grade: _____________ I.
Temperature Scales ~ There are ______ different temperature scales; __________________, _______, and ______. F. In the United States the __________________ scale is used to measure the environmental temperatures. G. Most other nations use the _____________ scale for environmental temperatures. H. The Standard International (SI) temperature scale used in science is the _________ scale.
II.
Conversion Formulas ~ A. . B.
E.
III.
Fahrenheit to Celsius o C = 5 (oF – 32o) 9 Celsius to Fahrenheit o F = 9 oC + 32o 5 Fahrenheit to Kelvin This is a two step Process. Step 1. oC = 5(oF – 32) 9 o Step 2. K = oC + 273
C. .
Celsius to Kelvin o C = oK – 273o
D.
Kelvin to Celsius o K = oC + 273o
F.
Kelvin to Fahrenheit This is a two step process. Step 1. oC = oK – 273 Step 2. oF = 9oC + 32 5
Water Scales The temperatures for when water freezes and boils differ according to the temperature scale being used. See the following chart:
At sea level & 25 oC Water Boiling Water Freezing IV.
Fahrenheit 212o F 32o F
Celsius 100o C 0o C
Kelvin 373o K 273o K
Conversion Problems ~ These temperature conversion problems are easily done by substituting the given temperature into the appropriate equation. C = 5 (oF – 32) 9 50 oF to oC 2. o C = 5 (____ – 32) = 9
-10 oF to oC o C = 5 (____ – 32) = 9
80 oF to oC C = 5(____ – 32) = 9
98.6 0F to oC o C = 5 (_____ – 32) = 9
A. Fahrenheit to Celsius 1.
3.
o
o
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
4.
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 5 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
o
F = 9 oC + 32 5
B. Celsius to Fahrenheit 1.
25 oC to oF o F = 9 (____) + 32 = 5
2.
0 oC to oF o F = 9 (__) + 32 = 5
3.
100 oC to oF o F = 9 (____) + 32 = 5
4.
45 oC to oF o F = 9 (___) + 32 = 5
C. Celsius to Kelvin
o
K = oC + 273o
1.
17 oC to oK o K = ___ + 273 =
2.
40 oC to oK o K = ____ + 273 =
3.
100 oC to oK o K = ____ + 273 =
4.
120 oC to oK o K = ____ + 273 =
D. Kelvin to Celsius
o
C = oK – 273o
1.
500 oK to oC o C = ____ – 273 =
2.
0 oK to oC o C = ____ – 273 =
3.
250 oK to oC o C = ____ – 273 =
4.
355 oK to oC o C = ____ – 273 =
C = 5(oF – 32) 9 o o 77 F to K o C = 5(___ – 32) 9 o C = 25 oC o K = ____ + 273 = 298 oK o K=
E. Fahrenheit to Kelvin 1.
o
F. Kelvin to Fahrenheit oC = oK – 273 1.
358 oK to oF o C = ____ – 273 o C = 85 oC o F = 9(85) + 32 5 o F = 153 + 32 o F=
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
o
K = oC + 273
2.
14 oF to oK o C = 5(___ – 32) 9 o C = -10 oC o K = ____ + 273 o K=
o
F = 9 oC + 32 5 2. 198 oK to oF o C = ____ – 273 o C = -75 oC o F = 9(- 75) + 32 5 o F = -135 + 32 o F=
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 6 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
Temperature Conversions Worksheet Name: __________________________________ Date: ___________________ Grade: ____________ A.
Convert the following Fahrenheit temperatures to Celsius degrees and then to Kelvin degrees. 1.
B.
1.
_______________
2.
________________
4.
25 F
4.
________________
_______________
6.
100 oF
6.
________________
7.
_______________
8.
- 10 oF
8.
________________
9.
_______________
10.
110 oF
10. ________________
3.
72 F
3.
_______________
5.
0 oF
5.
7.
85 oF
9.
50 oF
Convert the following Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit degrees and then to Kelvin degrees. 11.
– 10 oC 11.
_______________
12.
0 oC
12.
________________
13.
18 oC
13.
_______________
14.
25 oC
14.
________________
15.
42 oC
15.
_______________
16.
60 oC
16.
________________
17.
10 oC
17.
_______________
18.
– 20 oC 18.
________________
o
32 C
19.
o
_______________
20. 70 C
20. ________________
Complete the chart below with the missing temperatures. Fahrenheit
22.
Celsius
Kelvin 450 oK
21. 35 oC
23. 26.
24. 120 oK
25. 105 oF
30.
2.
65 oF o
o
19. C.
10 oF
27.
28. 238 oK
29.
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 7 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
Temperature Conversions Worksheet Answer Key Name: __________________________________ Date: ___________________ Grade: ____________ A.
Convert the following Fahrenheit temperatures to Celsius degrees and then to Kelvin degrees. 10 oF
1.
B.
_______________
2.
________________
4.
25 F
4.
________________
_______________
6.
100 oF
6.
________________
7.
_______________
8.
- 10 oF
8.
________________
9.
_______________
10.
110 oF
10. ________________
3.
72 F
3.
_______________
5.
0 oF
5.
7.
85 oF
9.
50 oF
2.
Convert the following Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit degrees and then to Kelvin degrees. 11.
– 10 oC 11.
_______________
12.
0 oC
12.
________________
13.
18 oC
13.
_______________
14.
25 oC
14.
________________
15.
42 oC
15.
_______________
16.
60 oC
16.
________________
17.
10 oC
17.
_______________
18.
– 20 oC 18.
________________
o
32 C
19.
o
_______________
20. 70 C
20. ________________
Complete the chart below with the missing temperatures. Fahrenheit
Celsius
22. 350 oF
35 oC
26. -243.4 oF
C = 5(10 -- 32) 9 o C = 5(-22) 9 o C = -12.2 oC K = -12.2 + 273 o K = 260.7 oK
120 oK
27. 40.6 oC
30. – 63 oF
o
24. 308 oK
25. – 153 oC
105 oF
o
Kelvin 450 oK
21. 177 oC
23. 95 oF
1.
65 oF o
o
19. C.
1.
28. 313.6 oK 238 oK
29. – 35 oC
2.
o
C = 5(65 -- 32) 9 o C = 5(33) 9 o C = 18.3 oC o
K = 18.3 + 273 o K = 291.3 oK
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
3.
o
C = 5(72 -- 32) 9 o C = 5(40) 9 o C = 22.2 oC o o
K = 22.2 + 273 K = 295.2 oK
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 8 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
4.
o
C = 5(25 - 32) 9 o C = 5(-7) 9 o C = -3.9 oC
5.
o
o
C = 5(85 - 32) 9 o C = 5(53) 9 o C = 29.4 oC
8.
13.
11.
o
14.
F = 9(60) + 32 5 o F = 108 + 32 o F = 140 oF o o
19.
F = 9(32) + 32 5 o F = 57.6 + 32 o F = 89.6 oF o o
K = 32 + 273 K = 305 oK
9.
F = 9(25) + 32 5 o F = 45 + 32 o F = 77 oF
o
F = 9(10) + 32 5 o F = 18 + 32 o F = 50 oF o o
20.
F = 9(70) + 32 5 o F = 126 + 32 o F = 158 oF o o
F = 9(-20) + 32 5 o F = -36 + 32 o F = - 4 oF o
21.
K = 42 + 273 K = 315 oK
o
o
K = 10 + 273 K = 283 oK
o
F = 9(42) + 32 5 o F = 75.6 + 32 o F = 107.6 oF o
18.
K = 0 + 273 K = 273 oK
o
o
K = 25 + 273 o K = 298 oK 17.
F = 9(0) + 32 5 o F = 32 oF
o
15.
K = 20 + 273 K = 293 oK
o
o
K = -10 + 273 K = 263 oK
o
C = 5(50 - 32) 9 o C = 5(18) 9 o C = 20 oC o
12.
K = 37.8 + 273 K = 310.8 oK
o
o
o
K = 60 + 273 K = 333 oK
o
F = 9(-10) + 32 5 o F = -18 + 32 o F = 14 oF o
K = 18 + 273 o K = 291 oK o
o
o
o
16.
C = 5(-10 - 32) 9 o C = 5(-42) 9 o C = -23.3 oC
C = 5(100 - 32) 9 o C = 5(68) 9 o C = 37.8 oC o
K = -23.3 + 273 o K = 249.7 oK
C = 5(110 - 32) 9 o C = 5(78) 9 o C = 43.3 oC o K = 43.3 + 273 o K = 316.3 oK F = 9(18) + 32 5 o F = 32.4 + 32 o F = 64.4 oF
o
o
o
o
K = 29.4 + 273 o K = 302.4 oK o
6.
K = -17.8 + 273 o K = 255.2 oK
o
10.
C = 5(0 - 32) 9 o C = 5(-32) 9 o C = -17.8 oC o
K = -3.9 + 273 o K = 269.1 oK 7.
o
K = -20 + 273 K = 253 oK
o
C = 450 - 273 C = 177 oC
o
K = 70 + 273 K = 343 oK
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 9 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
22.
25.
o
F = 9(177) + 32 5 o F = 318.6 + 32 o F = 350.6 oF
23.
o
C = 120 – 273 C = - 153 oC
o
K = 40.6 + 273 o K = 313.6 oK
24.
26.
o
F = 9(-153) + 32 5 o F = - 275.4 + 32 o F = - 243.4 oF
27.
o
29.
o
30.
o
Worksheet Grading Rubric: #
o
F = 9(35) + 32 5 o F = 63 + 32 o F = 95 oF
o
28.
o
Correct 1st Equation (1 pt each)
o
C = 238 – 273 o C = - 35 oC
K = 35 + 273 K = 308 oK
C = 5(105 – 32) 9 o C = 5(73) 9 o C = 40.6 oC F = 9(- 35) + 32 5 o F = - 63 + 32 o F = - 31 oF
Which temperature is NOT a correct boiling temperature for water? A. 212 oF B. 100 oC C. 100 oF D.
373 oK
Which temperature is NOT a correct freezing temperature for water? A. 0 oC B. 0 oF C. 273 oK D.
32 oF
3. ____
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Celsius temperature must be calculated from a given Fahrenheit temperature? o o A. C = oF + 273 C. C = 5(oF – 32) 9 o o o B. C = 9 F + 32 D. C = 5 oF – 32 5 9
4. ____
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Fahrenheit temperature must be calculated from a given Celsius temperature? o o A. F = 9 oC + 32 C. F = 5 oC +32 5 9 o o o B. F = 5( C – 32) D. F = 9(oC + 32) 9 5
5. ____
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Kelvin temperature must be calculated from a given Celsius temperature? o o A. K = oC – 273 C. K = 9 oC – 32 5 o o o B. K = 5 C + 32 D. K = oC + 273 9
6. ____
Convert 20 oC to oF. A. 68 oF B.
- 6.7 oF
C.
4 oF
D.
28.9 oF
Convert 86 oF to oC. A. 65.6 oC B.
30 oC
C.
79.8 oC
D.
54 oC
Convert 65 oC to oK. A. - 208 oK B.
165 oK
C.
149 oK
D.
338 oK
Convert 415 oK to oC. A. 142 oC B.
688 oC
C.
215 oC
D.
212.8 oC
Convert normal human body temperature of 98.6 oF to oK. A. 392.9 oK B. 349.8 oK C. 310 oK
Which temperature is NOT a correct boiling temperature for water? A. 212 oF B. 100 oC C. 100 oF D.
373 oK
Which temperature is NOT a correct freezing temperature for water? A. 0 oC B. 0 oF C. 273 oK D.
32 oF
3. __C__
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Celsius temperature must be calculated from a given Fahrenheit temperature? o o A. C = oF + 273 C. C = 5(oF – 32) 9 o o o B. C = 9 F + 32 D. C = 5 oF – 32 5 9
4. __A__
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Fahrenheit temperature must be calculated from a given Celsius temperature? o o A. F = 9 oC + 32 C. F = 5 oC +32 5 9 o o o B. F = 5( C – 32) D. F = 9(oC + 32) 9 5
5. __D__
Which equation is the correct equation to choose when the Kelvin temperature must be calculated from a given Celsius temperature? o o A. K = oC – 273 C. K = 9 oC – 32 5 o o o B. K = 5 C + 32 D. K = oC + 273 9
6. __A__
Convert 20 oC to oF. A. 68 oF B.
- 6.7 oF
C.
4 oF
D.
28.9 oF
Convert 86 oF to oC. A. 65.6 oC B.
30 oC
C.
79.8 oC
D.
54 oC
Convert 65 oC to oK. A. - 208 oK B.
165 oK
C.
149 oK
D.
338 oK
Convert 415 oK to oC. A. 142 oC B.
688 oC
C.
215 oC
D.
212.8 oC
Convert normal human body temperature of 98.6 oF to oK. A. 392.9 oK B. 349.8 oK C. 310 oK
D.
- 236 oK
7. __B__
8. __D__
9. __A__
10. __C__
Atlantic Union Conference Teacher Bulletin
www.teacherbulletin.org
Page 12 of 13
Math for Science: Temperature Conversions
6.
o
F = 9 oC + 32 5 o F = 9(20) +32 5 o F = 36 + 32 o F = 68 oC
7.
o
9.
o
10.
o
C = oK – 273 o C = 415 - 273 o C = 142 oC
Quiz Grading Rubric: Problems
C = 5 (oF – 32) 9 o C = 5(86 – 32) 9 o C = 5(54) = 30 oC 9 C = 5(98.6 – 32) 9 o C = 5(66.6) 9 o C = 37 oC
