Marching into the Civil War Times Little Women- Past and Present Grade Level: Fifth Presented by: Gayle Baisch, Julie Durrance, and Shelly Wilson Length of Unit: 6 weeks I.

ABSTRACT The unit compares and contrasts the culture during the time period of Little Women to present day. It will compare and contrast the family, politics, morality, fashion, transportation, cities, historical events, and much more. Students go back in time to the Civil War and explore the impact the war had on the March family. The students become “Little Women” or “Little Men” and make costumes, keep journals, create vehicles, make homes, and defend politics of the Civil War. They compare all to a present day Civil War and the impact it would have on their lives. Included will be test, activities, projects and culminating events for this unit.

II.

OVERVIEW A. Concept Objectives 1. Students will understand the historical events of the Civil War 2. Students will demonstrate an understanding of how Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott relates to the Civil War 3. The students will show comprehension of the historical events in the Civil War 4. Students will develop an understanding of the times prior to, during, and post Civil War era B. Content from the Core Knowledge Sequence: 1. The Civil War 2. Abolitionist 3. Causes and Conflicts leading to a divided nation 4. Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin 5. Ft. Sumter 6. Harriet Tubman 7. Abraham Lincoln 8. Jefferson Davis 9. Union and Confederate Generals 10. Union and Confederate Soldiers 11. Important Battles of the War 12. The Gettysburg Address 13. The End of the War 14. Literature: Little Women 15. 19th Century American Art a. George Caleb Bingham: Fur Traders Descending the Missouri b. Civil War photography of Matthew Brady and his colleagues c. Currier and Ives prints 16. Music of the 19th Century a. Spirituals- Down by the Riverside, Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child, We Shall Overcome b. Dixie c. The Battle Hymn of the Republic

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d. When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again Literature about the 19th Century a. Behind Rebel Lines b. Across Five Aprils c. The Red Badge of Courage 18. Poetry, Phrases and Sayings a. Oh Captain! My Captain! b. I Hear America Singing c. Lincoln Skill Objectives: 1. Reading comprehension 2. Critical and logical thinking 3. Comparing and contrasting 4. Creative writing 5. Debating skills 6. Relating history to present historical events 7. Sequencing 8. Geography 9. Creative art and music activities 10. Costuming

17.

C.

III.

BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE A. For Teachers 1. Read the unabridged version of Little Women by Louisa May Alcott 2. Read A History of Us by Joy Hakim Volume V 3. Read Don’t Know Much About the Civil War by Kenneth C. Davis B. For Students: 1. Read the Puffin Classics of Little Women by Louisa May Alcott 2. Read the Bullseye Step Into Classics of Little Women by Louisa May Alcott 3. Review Westward Expansion – Core Knowledge Sequence Grades 2 & 5.

IV.

RESOURCES A. Thematic Unit Civil War – Teacher Created Materials Inc. B. Everyday Life: The Civil War – Good Year Books C. Learning Through Literature: US History Teacher - Created Materials Inc. D. Civil War Heroines–Bellerophon Books E. The American Family of the Civil War - Dover Publications F. Civil War Era Activity Book– Edupress G. Black Soldiers in the Civil War – Bellerophone Books H. Battle of Gettysburg – Fun & Facts Book – White Rose Publishers I. Story of the Civil War Activity Book– Dover Publishers J. Black Women In History – Activity Cards K. Civil War Jigsaw Puzzle

V.

LESSONS (It should take approximately 15 days to complete the whole unit. Some of the lessons may take more than one day.) Lesson Set One – The Civil War A. Daily Objectives Concept Objectives 1.

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a.

B.

C.

D.

The students will learn background, causes, events, places, geography and time period of the Civil War. 2. Lesson Content Student will study places and events leading up to the Civil War a. Students will study a time line of events leading up to the Civil b. War. Students will locate the New England region and its relation to c. the states identified with the northern causes of the Civil War. Students will read and discuss events, causes, and conflicts d. leading up to the Civil War in various social studies texts. Skill Objectives 3. Critical and logical thinking a. Geography b. Relating history to present historical events c. Comparing and contrasting d. Using timelines and maps e. Materials 1. Wall map of the United States 2. Timeline of Civil War events 3. Class set of History of Us Volume 6 War, Terrible War by Joy Hakim 4. Civil War by Teacher Created Materials 5. Construction paper and colored pencils 6. Handouts a. Appendix A (Vocabulary) Key Vocabulary 1. Abolitionists-a person who puts an end to something 2. Mason Dixon Line- a boundary line between PA and MD and regarded, before the Civil War as separating the free state from the slave states 3. Rebel- a southerner who fought against the North in the Civil War. 4. Yankee- an inhabitant of a northern state 5. Soldier- a person who is a member of an army 6. North-the region of the United States that is north of Maryland, the Ohio River, and Missouri. 7. South- the region of the United States that is south of Pennsylvania, the Ohio River, and Missouri. 8. Union- the United States of America; the states that stayed loyal to the Federal government during the Civil War 9. Confederacy- a group if countries, states, or people joined together for a common purpose; eleven southern states that left the union in 1860 and 1861 10. State names- New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Michigan, Wisconsin Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia 11. Muzzleloader- any firearm loaded through the muzzle 12. Slavery- the practice of owning slaves Procedures/Activities This will take 5-10 days

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1.

2.

Read and discuss two chapters a day in The History of US, War, Terrible War. a. Guided Questions 1. Ch.1 What were some of the important issues of the Civil War? 2. Ch.2 Where and how did the Civil War begin? 3. Ch.3 Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe and why was she important? 4. Ch. 4 Who were some other important figures in the Civil War? Activity 1: Compare and contrast of past and present events in f. history through discussion with students. Use teacher-made timeline Guided Questions g. 1. Ch. 5 Who was Abraham Lincoln? 2. Ch.6 What were some of the events that happened during the Presidential election? Activity 2: Use a blank map of the United States (including state h. boundaries) with Appendix C (Civil War States and Territories) to learn the Union States, Confederate States, the Border States, and territories that fought in the Union. *use the resources Story of the Civil War and Don’t Know Much About the Civil War. Guided Questions. i. 1. Ch. 7 What kind of President was Abraham Lincoln? 2. Ch. 8 Who was Jefferson Davis? 3. Ch. 9 What were some of the views and concerns about slavery? Activity 3: Use a wall map to locate geographical locations of j. the Civil War. Use Appendix D “Improve Your Map Skills” with this activity. Read and discuss two chapters per day from Everyday Life: The Civil War a. Guided Questions 1. Ch. 1 What were the causes of the Civil War? 2. Ch. 2 What advantages did the North have that the South did not have and vice versa? b. Activity 4: Write a Civil War letter about the evils of slavery. Use Appendices A & B for this activity c. Guided Questions 1. Ch. 3 What was the Battle of Bull Run? 2. Ch. 4 Who were the leaders in both the North and the South d. Activity 5: Worksheet on states and territories – Appendix C e. Guided Questions 1. Ch. 5 What were some of the jobs, duties, and conditions of the soldier on both the North and the South? 2. Ch. 6 What was it like for the people at home who were not fighting? f. Activity 6: Label and identify states of the Union and the Confederacy on a blank US Map. Complete Appendix D

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E.

Improve your Map Skills using your map. We used the book Civil War by Teacher Created Materials for this activity. Activity 7: Create a timeline to sequence the events leading up to k. and during the Civil War. After reading and discussing the important events of the Civil War, constructing notes, and gathering additional information along with Appendix F, each student will construct a timeline using written descriptions, and pictures to highlight what they felt were the important events during this time. Students will be given time in class and encouraged to finish this project as homework. They will share their timelines with the class orally. Activity 8: Learn the songs Dixie, The Battle Hymn of the l. Republic, If I Had a Hammer, and Down By The Riverside (Our music teacher made a piano recording of these songs so we could teach them to our students) Activity 9: Oh Captain, My Captain” (Core Knowledge m. Sequence) The students will memorize parts of the poem and perform it during our morning news show, or for their first grade best buddies. Activity 10: 19th Century American Art – photographs from the n. Civil War. These photographs are used and viewed while reading about the Civil War and are also used in developing timelines and other activities. Activity 11: Make a shoebox camp diorama. The students will o. create a shoebox camp depicting a scene from the Civil War as a homework assignment using a shoebox, construction paper, and miscellaneous materials. They will display their Civil War Camps dioramas in the School Media Center. Activity 12: 19th century costumes: The students will learn about p. and create costumes of the 19th Century by using The Civil War Activity Book. We will distribute copies of directions for a woman’s bonnet, hoop skirt, a man’s top hat and jacket, and jewelry that can be made from paper or cloth. We will use these in the Culminating Activity during a debate discussing views of the Civil War. Assessments/Evaluation 1. The letter can be included as part of the assessment. 2. The poems will be a part of a homework assignment sheet that is sent home weekly. 3. We either have the students illustrate the poem, or memorize a portion of it. 4. The photos are used to build on the events taught and are also used in ideas for students constructing their timeline. 5. The students will use various resources to fill in map and review states and territories. 6. They will also complete the Civil War Vocabulary Test Appendix E. 7. Label and color-code the regions of the states of the Civil War – free states, slave states and border states. 8. Teacher made assessment of vocabulary - Appendix E 9. Teacher made outline of facts - Appendix F

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Lesson Set Two – Little Women by Louisa May Alcott. (This will take approximately 15 days also. We do this as a part of reading/language block.) A. Daily Objectives Concept Objectives 1. The students will demonstrate an understanding of how the book, a. Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott relates to the events of the Civil War. The book will help the students to understand what life in the northern part of America was like. Lesson Content 2. Little Women (Puffin Classics) by Louisa May Alcott. a. Skill Objectives 3. Students will compare and contrast the times of Little Women to a. current times. Students will sequence events of the story Little Women. b. Students will produce creative writings. c. Students will develop vocabulary. d. Students will show an understanding of phrases and sayings in e. the story Little Women The students will show comprehension of the following elements f. in Little Women by various activities. 1. Characters 2. Plot 3. Setting The students will use the following skills to reinforce g. comprehension of Little Women: 1. critical thinking skills 2. comparing and contrasting 3. sequencing of events 4. logical reasoning 5. drawing conclusions B. Materials 1. Class set of Little Women (Puffin Classics) by Louisa May Alcott or class set of Little Women (Bullseye Step Into Classics) depending on students’ reading level. 2. Black poster board and construction paper 3. Video of Little Women 4. Scissors, tape, fabric paint and glue 5. Hula hoop 6. Fabric, needle, thread, elastic 7. Gloves 8. Yarn 9. Feathers, ribbons, and flowers 10. Potatoes 11. Wax 12. Envelopes 13. Sentence strips 14. Handkerchief 15. Graph paper C. Key Vocabulary – see Appendix G

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D.

1. Marmee- mother of Jo, Beth, Meg, and Amy 2. Impertinent- having no connection with a given matter 3. Detest- to dislike intensely 4. Prim- stiffly formal 5. Tranquility-calmness, serenity 6. Melodramatic-sensational 7. Handkerchief- a small cloth used for wiping the nose, eyes, or face 8. Vain-having or showing excessively high regard for oneself 9. Shakespeare-an English poet and dramatist 10. Brood-the offspring of a family 11. Lads- boys or youth 12. Jovial-full of hearty, playful good humor 13. Arbor-a place shaded by trees or shrubs 14. Procession-a number of persons or things moving forward 15. Impetuous- acting or done suddenly with little thought 16. Exquisite- very beautiful, lovely 17. Acquainted- to make aware of 18. Tutor- a teacher who gives individual instruction 19. Quaint-unusual, old-fashioned in a pleasing way 20. Conservatory- a school or academy 21. Yearning-a deep or anxious longing 22. Flourished- to thrive 23. Rapture- an expression of great joy 24. Demurely- modestly 25. Sentimental-showing tender, or gentle feelings Procedures and Activities Lesson 1: 1. Students will be given vocabulary and characters for the book a. Little Women. Have students find the definitions of the vocabulary words in b. Appendix G. They may work in groups of three to complete this activity. They will also design a title page with an illustration to put in c. their reading folder. They should draw what they think the book is about, or what they think the characters look like. Lesson 2: Students will read and discuss Chapters 1-3 orally in Puffin 2. Classics/Ch. 1-2 in Bullseye Classics. Guiding Questions are: a. 1. Who are the main characters in these chapters? 2. What is the setting of the story? 3. Where is the father? 4. Who lives next door to the Marchs’? 5. How do the girls get along with each other? c. Activity 1 - Complete Appendix H Phrases and Sayings together as a class and discuss meanings. d. Activity 2 - Design a stamp from a raw potato. Have each student draw a simple design on paper of what they would like their stamp to look like. Provide students with examples of stamps for ideas. Specify simplicity. Give each student a potato with one end peeled. Provide the student with plastic toothpicks,

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3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

and plastic knives to carve the design into the peeled end of the potato. After carving the design allow the student to use their stamp to seal an envelope with wax. Lesson 2: Read and discuss Chapters 4-6/3-4 Bullseye Guided Questions: What jobs did Jo and Meg do to help bring in a. money for the family? How does Jo meet Laurie? What did Mr. Laurence let Beth come to do at his house? Activity 3 - Using graph paper have students design a crossb. stitch pattern by using different colored pencils to make x’s in each square to for a pattern. Some suggestions would be the student’s initials, or simple pictures. Activity 4 - Nickname activity. Students will be put in small c. cooperative groups and come up with nicknames for one another. Lesson 3: Read and discuss Chapters 7-10/5-6 Bullseye Guided Questions: What did Amy trade in school and get in a. trouble for having? What did Amy do to Jo’s manuscript? What happened that made Jo forgive Amy for burning her book? How did Meg act at Annie Moffet’s party? What was the Pickwick Club? Activity 5 - Manners Glove activity Appendix I. Students will b. complete the handout by writing manners on the fingers of the Glove handout. Lesson 4: Read and discuss Chapters 11-13/7-8 Bullseye Guided Questions: What was the experiment? What did Laurie a. invite the March girls to attend? What were each of the March girl’s dreams? What was Laurie’s dream? What secret did Laurie tell Jo? Activity 6 - Complete a Venn diagram comparing Little Women b. times to present times. Lesson 5: Read and discuss Chapters 14-16/9-10 Bullseye Guided Questions : What did the telegram say? Where did a. Marmee go and why? Why did Jo cut her hair? How did Beth get sick? How is the Civil War affecting this family? Activity 7 - Make a Flip book of Characters. The student will b. take 3 sheets of white paper and arrange them on top of the other leaving 1 inch overlap. You then fold the paper down to form a six layer flip book. The student will need to place glue in the creases to hold the book together. The front short flap will be labeled with “Little Women” Character Flip Book. On the additional 5 sections the students will select the characters from the book that they would like to describe and illustrate. Lesson 6: Read and discuss Chapters 17-19/11-12 Bullseye Guided Questions: Who does Meg fall in love with? Who did a. Amy go and stay with? Activity 8 Play Trivia Game Appendix J b. Lesson 7: Read and discuss Chapters 20-23/13 Bullseye Guided Questions: Who comes home to help Amy get better? a. What was the surprise gift for Christmas? What had happened to Mr. March? Who was the first to leave the March home?

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b.

E.

Activity 9 Make an accordion book of sequenced events in the story. The students will take a large piece of construction paper and fold it in half long-wise. They will then cut along the crease so they have two long pieces of construction paper. They then fold each of those pieces in half twice. That will give them 4 sections on each piece. The student will then glue one folded section on top of another to create a long accordion-folded piece of construction paper. They will then write the title and author of the book along with their name in the first folded section. In the following sections they will both illustrate and write a description of the important events in the story. They should have at least 13 events using both front and back, or if only using the front they will have 6. Assessment (see above for instructions) 1. Understandings phrases and sayings – Appendix H 2. Design a Stamp from a raw potato to make wax seals 3. Nickname activity 4. Design a Cross stitch Initials 5. Venn Diagram comparing Little Women times to present times 6. Make an “All About Me” poster 7. Write a story or play of that specific time in history 8. The Manners Glove – Appendix I 9. Trivia Game – Appendix J 10. Make a Flip Book of Characters (Dinah Zike flip book activity - Lesson 5 11. Character, plot, and setting (Dinah Zike pyramid activity) Accordion book of sequenced events of the story - Lesson 7 12. Teacher made chapter quiz – Appendix K 13. Accelerated Reader tests 14. Rubrics for different activities 15. Character, Plot, and Setting Pyramid-The students will construct a pyramid made from construction paper. The students fold the top bottom corner of the construction paper parallel to the top line of the paper. They then cut off the excess paper forming a perfect square. They then fold the square into a triangular shape creating two creases that run through the middle of the square. The student will cut along one crease where they intersect. After preparing the paper the student will write Character, Plot, and Setting on each triangle. They will then illustrate what each is in the book, and on the opposite side of each triangle they will write a description of what they have drawn. After all writing, coloring and illustrations are completed the students may glue the parts of the triangle together to form a pyramid.

VI.

CULMINATING ACTIVITY A. Debate the beliefs and actions of the North vs. the South during the Civil War in costumes made by students

VII.

HANDOUTS/STUDENT WORKSHEETS Appendix A – Vocabulary A. Appendix B – Slavery Letter B. Appendix C – States and Territories

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C. D. E. F. G. H. J. K. L.

Appendix D – Improve Map Skills Appendix E – Teacher made vocabulary assessment Appendix F – Teacher made fact assessment Appendix G – Vocabulary from Little Women Appendix H – Quotes Appendix I – Manners glove (please send permission statement from Shelly) Appendix J - Trivia Game Appendix K – Chapter Quizzes from Little Women Appendix L – Answer Keys to Appendices

VIII. BIBLIOGRAPHY A. Alcott, Louisa May. Little Women, London, England, Puffin Books, 1953. 0-14-035008-X B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O.

Alcott, Louisa May. Little Women, New York, New York, Random House, 1994. 0-679-86175-0 Archambault, Alan. Black Soldiers in the Civil War, Santa Barbara, California, Bellerophone Books, 1995. 0-88388-202-7 Canon, Jill. Civil War Heroines, Santa Barbara, California, Bellerophone Books, 1997 0-88388-147-0 Carratello, John and Patty. Thematic Unit, Civil War, Huntington Beach, California, Teacher Created Materials, 1991. 1-55734-290-3 Copeland, Peter. Story of the Civil War, New York, New York, Dover Publications, 1991 ISBN?0-486-26532-3 Davis, Kenneth C. Don’t Know Much About the Civil War, New York, New York, Avon Books, 1996 0-380-71908-8 Hakim, Joy. The History Of US, War, Terrible War, New York, New York, Oxford University Press, 1994. 0-19-507755-5 Hazen, Walter. Everyday Life, The Civil War, Parsippany, New Jersey, Good Year Books, 1999. 0-673-36404-6 Hirsch, E.D. What Every Fifth Grader Needs To Know, New York, New York, Dell Publishing, 1991. 0-385-31464-7 Milliken, Linda. Civil War Era Activity Book, Dana Point, California, Edupress, 1996. 1-56472-108-6 Ryan, Concetta Dotti. Learning Through Literature US History, Huntington Beach, California, Teacher Created Materials, Inc. 1994. 1-55734-472-8 Stambaugh, Eric. The Battle of Gettysburg, York, Pennsylvania, Whiterose Publishing Company, 1992 Tierney, Tom. American Family of the Civil War Era, New York, New York, Dover Publications, Inc. 0-486-24833-X Zike, Dinah. Dinah Zike’s Big Book of Projects, San Antonio, Texas Dinahmite Publications, Inc.

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Appendix A

Civil War Vocabulary People Clara Barton Pierre G.T. Beauregard John Wilkes Booth Bounty Jumpers Dred Scott John Brown Harriet Beecher Stowe Robert E. Lee Dorothea Dix George McClellan

Emma Edmonds Nathan Bedford Forrest William Lloyd Garrison Ulysses S. Grant Stonewall Jackson Joseph Johnston Ambrose Burnside Harriet Tubman Abraham Lincoln Stephen Douglass

George Meade Wendell Phillips Johnny Reb Edmund Ruffin Matthew Brady William Tecumseh Sherman Jefferson Davis Mary Walker Billy Yank Fredrick Douglas

Nashville Petersburg Atlanta Savannah Chattanooga Yorktown New York

Appomattox Court House Richmond Fredricksburg Bull Run Harper’s Ferry Kansas

factories free state Fugitive Slave Law “Gettysburg Address” The Liberator Uncle Tom’s Cabin photography Missouri Compromise Underground Railroad

railroad repeating rifles “The Battle Hymn of the Republic slave state Merrimack plantations Emancipation Proclamation telegraph cotton

Places Antietam Fort Donelson Ft. Henry Fort Sumter Gettysburg Vicksburg Chicamauga

Things abolitionist Army of the Potomac Slavery “Dixie” seccession Monitor draft Thirteenth amendment Confederate Flag

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Appendix B

Civil War Letter

Name ________________________

Write a letter about the evils of slavery. Pretend that you are a strong opponent of slavery and are living in the North in the years before the Civil War. Also imagine that one of your close relatives is a member of a slaveholding family in the South on a large plantation. Write a letter trying to convince your cousin that slavery is wrong and should be abolished. Date ___________________ Dear ___________________________________,

Your cousin, ___________________________________________

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Appendix C

Civil War States and Territories Name _____________________ At the time of the Civil War the United States consisted of thirty-four states and eight territories. Nineteen states made up the Union when the war began. Eleven states seceded and formed the Confederacy. Four border states remained loyal to the North. Seven of the eight territories fought on the side of the Union. List the states and territories referencing a map of the United States as it was in 1861, under the proper heading. The Union States _________________________ _______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

Confederate States

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

The Border States _______________________

________________________ _________________________

________________________

Territories that fought for the Union

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

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Appendix D

Improve Your Map Skills Name __________________ Look in an atlas, encyclopedia, map, or other resource and fill in the blanks in the paragraphs. 1.

The Monitor and the Merrimac (Virginia) battled off the coast of Hampton Roads, Virginia, on March 9, 1862. Hampton Roads is not a road or city. It is a ______________________. Three rivers meet in Virginia at Hampton Roads. They are the _______________________, the _______________________________, and the ___________________________________. To reach Hampton Roads from ___________________________, Virginia’s capital, one would travel ______________________ (in which direction?).

2.

Two states border Virginia on the south. They are _________________________________, and ________________________________. The capitals of these states are ____________________________ and ________________________________. Virginia is bordered on the west by the states of __________________________________ and ___________________________. The capitals of these states are _____________________ and _______________________________.

3.

To the northeast, Virginia borders the city of _____________________________, which makes up the entire District of ___________________. The city is located on the ____________________ River. This river forms the northeast boundary between Virginia and the state of _________________________.

4.

If you were to fly in a straight line from Richmond, Virginia, you would cross two ranges of the Appalachian Mountains. They are the _______________________ Mountains and the _________________________ Mountains.

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Appendix E

Civil War Vocabulary Test Name ______________________ Match the word with the definition. 1. secede a.

sadness or pain

2.

despotism

b.

to break away or withdraw from something

3.

erroneous

c.

to bounce off something

4.

per capita

d.

the taking away of freedom, or absolute power over others

5.

feudal

e.

comes from Latin, and means by the head

6.

breech-loading

f.

mistaken or wrong

7.

ricochet

g.

twenty years

8.

tyranny

h.

9.

anguish

i.

10.

score

j.

a society where the laborers are required to work for a master a gun loaded at the bottom of the barrel near the trigger the unjust or cruel use of power

Fill in the blanks with the correct missing word. 11. ______________ _____________ ___________ wrote the book Uncle Tom’s Cabin. 12.

Harriet Tubman helped slave to escape to freedom through the ________________ ________________.

13.

Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in ___________.

14.

_________________ ___________ was the President of the Confederate States of America.

15.

_______________ __________________ was the first state to secede from the union.

16-19. Below list two Union Generals and two Confederate Generals. Union ___________________

Confederate ________________________

_________________________

_______________________

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Appendix F

Civil War Facts & Timeline 1820

Missouri Compromise

April 1862

1850

Compromise of 1850

June-July 1862 McClellan fails to take Richmond in Seven Days’ battle

1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin published 1854 Kansas Nebraska Act 1857

the Dred Scott decision

1859

John Brown attacks Harper’s Ferry and is executed Nov. 1860 16th President Abraham Lincoln Dec. 1860 South Carolina secedes Jan.-Feb. 1861 Mississippi, Florida, Texas, Alabama, Louisiana, Georgia secede Feb. 1861 Jefferson Davis elected as President to the Confederacy April 1861 Fort Sumter surrenders Lincoln declares insurrection April-May 1861 Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina secede from the Union May 1861 Richmond, Virginia becomes the Confederate capital July 1861 U.S. troops defeated at Bull Run

U.S. Grant escapes defeat

August 1862 Union again defeated at Bull Run Sept. 1862 terrible casualties at battle of Antietam; Lee retreats Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation; slavery illegal March 1863 U.S. begins conscription May 1863 Confederates win at Chancellorville but Stonewall dies July 1863 Confederates defeated at battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania terrible loses on both sides Vicksburg surrenders to Grant Sept.-Nov. 1863 U.S. armies under Grant gain control of much of West March 1864 Grant named U.S. commander in chief May 1864 Gen. W.T. Sherman begins march through Georgia June 1864-April 1865 Grant besieges and captures Atlanta July-Sept. 1864 Sherman besieges and captures Atlanta, Georgia Sept. –Oct. 1864 Union Gen. Philip Sheridan devastates Shenandoah V. Nov. 1864 Lincoln reelected

August 1861 Confederates defeat the Union At Wilson’s Creek, Missouri Nov. 1861 Gen. George McClellan replaces Gen. Winfield Scott Feb. 1862 Union Gen. U.S. Grant captures Nov.-Dec. 1864 Sherman’s March to Ft. Henry and Ft. Donelson in Tennessee the sea March 1862 battle of Monitor & Merrimack Jan.-March 1865 Sherman’s drive Robert E. Lee becomes commander of Confederacy through the Carolinas March- July 1862 McClellan attempts to March 1865 Lincoln’s second reach Richmond inaugural March-May 1862 Gen. “Stonewall” Jackson April 1865 Lincoln assassinated Drives Union forces from Shenandoah Valley May 1865 the last Confederate force surrenders in New Orleans

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Appendix G

Little Women Vocabulary 1. Marmee 2. impertinent 3. detest 4. prim 5. tranquility 6. melodramatic 7. handkerchief 8. vain 9. Shakespeare 10. brood 11. lads 12. jovial 13. arbor 14. rapture 15. procession 16. impetuous 17. exquisite 18. acquainted 19. tutor 20. quaint 21. conservatory 22. yearning 23. flourished 24. demurely 25. sentimental

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Appendix H

Phrases and Sayings from Little Women Here are some quotes made by Marmee, as well as other characters in Little Women, and famous people during that time in America. On the lines below each, write what you think the quote means. 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

“A house divided against itself cannot stand.” Abraham Lincoln _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “All we ask is to be let alone.” Jefferson Davis _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “I bite my tongue before I say the angry words that come so easily.” Marmee _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “The more one gets, the more one wants.” Meg _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “He’s as regular as the sun.” Marmee _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “I’ll give him a piece of my mind.” Jo _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “I’m so full of happiness, I’m sure I couldn’t hold another drop.” Beth _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ “I wash my hands of the whole affair.” Aunt March _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Appendix I

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Appendix J

Trivia Game Write these questions on index cards for students to use in a trivia game. 1.

We are the four March sisters living in Civil War America.

Meg, Jo, Beth &Amy

2.

I am the young next door neighbor of the March Family.

Laurie Laurence (Teddy)

3.

I am the beloved housekeeper to the March Family.

Hannah

4.

I am the “old gentleman” living next door to the March Family.

Mr. James Laurence

5.

I am the companion to crotchety old Aunt March.

Jo March

6.

I am the tutor to Laurie Laurence.

John Brooke

7.

I married John Brooke.

Meg March

8.

I loved to write (chicken scratching) and read and do boyish things.Jo March

9.

I loved the piano and the “old gentleman” next door.

Beth March

10.

I am mother to the four March sisters in Civil War America.

Marmee

11.

I cut and sold my long beautiful hair so my mother could go visit my sick father in a hospital at the battle front. Jo March

12.

I wrote my Last Will & Testament while staying at Aunt March’s house. Amy March

13.

I went to a party at the Moffat’s house and found out about a different (and not always nice) side of society. Meg March

. 14.

My best friend was, Laurie (Teddy), our next door neighbor.

Jo March

15.

I loved to follow and pester my older sister and Laurie.

Amy March

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Appendix K

Little Women Quiz 1. The four March Sisters __________loves beautiful things. __________is shy, thoughtful, and kind __________is a tomboy with a quick temper and high spirits __________ is the youngest, and can’t wait to grow up. 2. The next door neighbor, Mr. James Laurence, had a family member living with him. Explain 3. _____________was nursery governess to the King children. 4. __________fell in the ice after being left by her sister, _________ and friend, ________. 5. ______________confessed to ____________, that at one time she too had a very bad temper. 6. Mr. James Laurence gave Beth a _______________ and she gave him _____________. 7.Marmee gave each of the girls a ___________________for Christmas. 8. Mr. Brooke married __________ March. 9. _____________attended Mr. Davis’ school and loved limes. 10. Beth remained at home each day because she ________________________________. 11. ______________became sick with Scarlet Fever and her two sisters, _____________& _______________were her vigilant nurses. 12. The March Family lived in what part of the United States?

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Appendix L Answer Keys to Appendices Appendix C Union States- California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin Confederate States- Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia Border States- Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri Territories that fought for the Union- Colorado, Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Washington Appendix D

1. channel; James, Nansemond, Elizabeth; Richmond, southeast 2.Tennessee, North Carolina; Nashville, Raleigh; West Virginia, Kentucky; Charleston, Frankfort 3. Washington, Columbia; Potomac; Maryland 4. Blue Ridge, Allegheny

Appendix E

1.b 2.d 3.f 4.e 5.h 6.i 7.c 8.j 9.a 10.g 11. Harriet Beecher Stowe 12. Underground Railroad 13. 1860 14. Jefferson Davis 15. South Carolina 16-19. Accept any correct answers

Appendix K 1.a. Meg b. Beth c. Jo d. Amy 2. His grandson, Laurie, his parents were dead. 3. Meg 4. Amy, Jo, Laurie 5. Marmee, Jo 6. piano, slippers she had knitted 7. book 8. Meg 9. Amy 10. was too shy to attend school 11. Beth, Meg, Jo 12. Northeast or New England

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