LIGHT: New Challenges and Opportunities for Design Matthias RAUTERBERG
6 October 2016
Earth from outer space is beautiful
/ Designed Intelligence, M. Rauterberg
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Natural light is awesome
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Polar light is a miracle
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At closer range artificial light is taking over
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Artificial light is unnatural
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City lighting can be overwhelming
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Street lighting is sometimes poor
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Outdoor lighting can be depressive
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Indoor lighting can be tiring and sick-making
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Natural light regulates our rhythms
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Natural light can be direction setting
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Circadian rhythms control our life cycles
24 hours sun cycle at the North Pole during summer time / Designed Intelligence, M. Rauterberg
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Solid State Light is the new lighting technology [SSL = LED, OLED, PLED]
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The new LED technology is a breakthrough
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New Lighting Competences
• Computational Intelligence • Distributed Systems Control • End-User Programming • Experience Prototyping • Human Factors • Interaction Design • Media Processing
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The EU provides financial support
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Control Roadmap for the Home [Courtesy: Emile Aarts]
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Sustainability Roadmap For the Home [Courtesy: Emile Aarts]
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Apps control lighting [Courtesy: Dragan Sekulovski, ID, TU/e 2013]
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Distributed control of in-door settings [Courtesy: ILI Lightlab, TU/e 2013]
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Determining optimal out-door lighting conditions [Courtesy: Ellen de Vries, Elke den Ouden, ILI, TU/e 2012]
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Illumination of a bicycle path in an ecological zone [Courtesy: Ellen de Vries, Elke den Ouden, ILI, TU/e 2012]
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Empirical testing yields significant differences [Courtesy: Ellen de Vries, Elke den Ouden, ILI, TU/e 2012]
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Interactive screens enhance shopping experience [Courtesy: Elke Daemen, Evert van Loenen, 2012]
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Adaptive healing rooms improve patient recovery [Courtesy: Elke Daemen, Evert van Loenen, 2012]
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Healing rooms adapt to the recovery process [Courtesy: Elke Daemen, Evert van Loenen, 2013]
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NYOYN provides playful interaction
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AmBX provides an Ambient Experience for gamers
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Light effects the mind & body beyond vision
SOURCE: R.Foster, I.Provencio, D.Hudson, S.Fiske, W..d.Grip, M.Menaker, J. Comp. Physiol, 1991
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Long haul flights and jet lag [Courtesy: R. Van De Westelaken, 2009]
• Context-aware Image for stress free air travel
SOURCE: R. Van De Westelaken, Increasing comfort for long-haul air travel, MSc Thesis, ID, TU/e, 2009 / Designed Intelligence, ID
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Conclusions: Insights on light and behavior 1. In the dark people behave different than they would in the light: They tend to deviate from the public norm. Darkness has been shown to increase stealing, lying, and acting more aggressively, but has also led to more intimacy and hugging perfect strangers. Gergen, K. J, Gergen, M. M., & Barton, W. (1973). Deviance in the dark. Psychology Today, 7, 129- 130. Zhong, C.-B., Bohns, V. K., & Gino, F. (2010). Good lamps are the best police: Darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior. Psychological Science, 21, 311-314. Page, R. A., & Moss, M. K. (1976). Environmental influences on aggression: The effects of darkness and proximity of victim. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 6, 126-133. Werth, L., Steidle, A., & Hanke, E. (2012) Getting Close in the Dark: Darkness Increases Cooperation. Proceedings of EXPERIENCING LIGHT 2012: International Conference on the Effects of Light on Wellbeing. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands .
2. Social behavior can be positively effected by light; under the right lighting conditions persons are willing to donate more money to charity funds. Van 't Sant & Lakens, Unpublished manuscript, Eindhoven: TU/e
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Conclusions: Insights on light and healing 3. People recover faster in sunny rooms; light may even save lives under critical conditions. Beauchemin K.M. & Hays P. (1996) Sunny hospital rooms expedite recovery from severe and refractory depressions. Journal of Affective Disorders, 40, 49–51. Beauchemin K.M. & Hays P. (1998) Dying in the dark: sunshine, gender and outcomes in myocardial infarction. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 91, 352–354.
4. Bright daylight exposure during day-time and avoidance of light at night. • reduces stress • seems to lower the need for pain medication • improves sleep at night • helps to feel more energized during the day Walch J.M. et al. (2005), The effect of sunlight on postoperative analgesic medication usage A review of the literature on evidence-based healthcare design, Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 156–163.
5. For several patient categories, patients staying at the sunny side of the hospital had significantly shorter length of stay (and even lower mortality) than those staying at the dim side. Ulrich R.S., et al., (2008), A review of the research literature on evidence-based healthcare design, White Paper Series 5. / Designed Intelligence, M. Rauterberg
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Conclusions: Insights on light and performance 6. Light activates the brain even during day time, exposure to only half an hour of bright white light makes us feel more alert and vital and improves performance on cognitive tasks. Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W., & Cluitmans, P. (2012). A higher illuminance induces alertness even during office hours: findings on subjective measures, task performance and heart rate measures. Physiology & Behavior, 107, 7-16. Smolders, K.C.H.J., de Kort, Y.A.W. & van den Berg, S.M. (2013), Diurnal light exposure and feelings of vitality: Results of a field study during regular weekdays. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36(December 2013), 270–279.
7. Exposure to bright white light revitalizes after exhaustion of a person’s self-control. Esch, M., van, de Kort, Y.A.W., & Smolders (2012). Blue Energy: Investigating the replenishing effect of Blue Spectrum Light on the amount of energy available for the Self. Eindhoven: TU/e MSc thesis.
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Thank You Very Much [Courtesy: Glow festival-Eindhoven Stadhuisplein 2015; Artist: Remy da Thesta]
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