INDONESIAN SOIL UNITS AND SUBUNITS FOR SURVEY AND MAPPING OF TRANSMIGRATION AREAS

BY

H . Suhardjo and M. Soepraptohardjo

1981

Department of Soil Science and Geo l ogy Agricultural University. Wageningen The Netherlands

Scanned from original by ISRIC - World Soi l Information, as I CSU World Data Centre for Soils. The purpose is to make a safe depository for endangered documents and to make the accrued information available for consultation, following Fa ir Use Gu idelines . . Every effort is taken to respect Copyright of the materials within the archives where the identification of the Copyright helder is clear and, where feasible, to contact the orig ina tors. For questions please contact [email protected] ·ndicati ng ~he item reference number concemed.

INDONESIAN SOIL UNITS AND SUBUNITS FOR SURVEY AND MAPPING OF TRANSMIGRATION l\REl\S BY H. Suhardjo and M. Soepraptohardjo 1981

Original title and citation: Suhardjo, H. and M. Soepraptohardjo, 1981. Jenis dan macam tanah di Indonesia untuk tanah daerah transmigrasi.

keperluan survai dan pemetaan Pusat Penelitian Tanah (Bogor)

& Departemen Pertanian Report 28/1981. Terms of Reference Tipe ll. 26 pp.

translated by: P. Buurman, 1982

Department of Soil Science and Geology Agricultural University, Wageningen The Netherlands

15 tJ

biJ 2. d:>

- 1 -

1. The soil classification system (for Indonesia) is based on morphogenesis

and is a perfection of the system of Dudal and Soepraptohardjo (1957, 1961).

2. In this manual, only soil units and subunitsare given. The manual is an improvement upon the Soil Classification System as outlined in 1

Terms of Reference Tipe A, Soil Survey, 1980 '·

3. Improvements are based on experience of the staff of the Centre for Soil ;~

Research (PPT) and are the result of an evaluation of mappings that have

·"

been carried out by the 'Agricultural Research Project in support of Transmigration 1 (P3MT) and PPT. 4. Final definitions of Soil Units are based on the definitions of Soil Units as published in 1978, with minor changes: The Soil Units Trobosol and Shantung Soil are not used in this manual, while the Units Ranker and Nitosol have been added.

s.

Definitions at Soil Unit level are mainly taken from the

F/\0-UJ.~ESCO

Soil Map of the World, 1974, but adapted to Indonesian circumstances. 6. The status of sawah soils (irrigated rice soils) has not yet been considered; more research is necessary in this field. 7. All explanations concerning Soil Units and Subunits can be found in the following enclosures: - Enclosure l gives a compilation of the final Soil Units and Subunits by profile characteristics - Enclosure 2 contains a key for the determination of Soil Units and Subunits - Enclosure 3 lists the symbols and abbreviations used - Enclosure

•1

lists all Soil Units and Subunits and their symbols

- Enclosure 5 gives a general correlation with other soil classification systems. 8. The following terminology is mainly taken from FAO-UNESCO, Soil Map of the World, 1974; partly from USDA 1975, and part has been simplified

- albik

-

-

argilik distrik eutrik ferik fibrik fragipan gips ik hemik haplik

-

hidromorfik histik kambik kal sik sentuh litik (lithic contact) - molik natrik - okrik - oksik

-

-

ortoksik

- sentuh paralitik (paralithic contact)

- plintit - sa prik - spodik - sulfurik - sulf idik - umbrik - vertik

- 2 -

9, With respect to Terms on Reference Tipe A, 1980 the following changes have been made: a, The definitions of Litosol, Latosol and Podsolik have been changed b, The units Ranker, Brunizem and Nitosol have been added c. The following terms have been changed -Lateritik becomes Oksisol -Feralik becomes Oksik becomes Ortoksik -Ferik d. The following subunits have been changed or added: Glei sol Hidrik GLEI SOL Aluvial Gleiik ALUVIAL Glei sol Fluvik Aluvial Humik Gleisol Vertik Regosol Gleiik REGOSOL Oksisol Gleiik OlI) (Gf) (Gp) (Gm) (Gh) (Gk) (Gv) (Gd) (Ge)

llITOSOL

(N) -

Nitosol Nitosol Nitosol Nitosol Nitosol Nitosol

Hum ik Molik Rodik Kromik Distrik Eutrik

(Nh) (Nm) (Nr)

(P) -

Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik Podsolik

Plint ik Gleiik Humik Kandik Ortoksik Rodik Krom ik Litik Hap lik

Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran Mediteran

Plint ik (Mp) Gleiik (Mg) Vertik (f.lv) Kal sik (Mk) (Mm) Molik Ortoksik(Mx) (Mr) Rodik Kromik (Me) (Ml) Litik Hap lik (Mi) Solodik (Ws) (Wm) Molik (Wh) Humik Distrik (Wd) (We) Eutrik

PODSOLIK

MEDITERAN (M) PLANO SOL

PODSOL

OKSISOL

(W) (O) -

Planosol Planosol Planosol Planosol Planosol Podsol Podsol Podsol Podsol Podsol Podsol

Plas ik Gleiik Hum ik Ferik Lept ik Ort ik

Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol Oksisol

Plint ik Gleiik Humik Akrik Eutrik Rodik Krom ik Haplik

(llc)

(Nd) (Ne) (Pp) (Pg) (Ph) (Pk) (Px) (Pr) (Pr) (Pl) (Pi)

(Zp) (Zg) (Zh) (Zf) (Zl) (Zo) (Op) (Og) (Oh) (Oa) (Oe) (Or) (Oe) (Oh)

- 20 Enclosure 5. COMPARISON OF SOIL NAMES IN VARIOUS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS ( Simplified) Dudal/Soepraptohardjo

Modification

FAO/Unesco

1978/81

(1957' 1961)

1979

1. Organosol 2. Litosol

- Organosol - Litosol - Ranker

- Histosol - Litosol - Ranker

3. Aluvial

-

-

Fluvisol Cambisol Regosol Cambisol Renzina Vertisol Andosol Andosol Acrisol

-

Cambisol Cambisol Cambisol Cambisol Nitosol Phaeozem

4. Regosol

Aluvial Kambisol Regosol Kambisol

5, Renzina

- Renzina

6. Grumusol

-

7, Andosol

8. Podsolik Coklat 9. Podsolik Coklat

Grumusol Andosol Andosol Podsolik

USDA Soil Taxonomy (197 5) - Histosol - Litosol - Lithic Sub Group - Entisol - Inceptisol - Entisol - Inceptisol - Rendoll - Vertisol - Inceptisol - Inceptisol - Ultisol

Kekelabuan 10. Brown Forest soil .- Kambisol 11. Latosol - Kambisol

- Latosol - Brunizem - Nitosol

12.

13. Podsolik Merah

J