Western Kentucky University
TopSCHOLAR® Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Graduate School
12-1-2006
Hammer Strength vs. Free Weights: Upper Body 1 RM Comparisons Matthew Thoma Western Kentucky University
Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses Part of the Kinesiology Commons Recommended Citation Thoma, Matthew, "Hammer Strength vs. Free Weights: Upper Body 1 RM Comparisons" (2006). Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Paper 299. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/299
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HAMMER STRENGTH VS. FREE WEIGHTS: UPPER BODY 1 RM COMPARISONS
A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Physical Education and Recreation Western Kentucky University Bowling Green, Kentucky
hi Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Science in Physical Education
By Matthew Joseph Thoma December 2006
HAMMER STRENGTH VS. FREE WEIGHTS: UPPER BODY 1 RM COMPARISONS
Date Recomme
Dean, Graduate Studies and Resean
Date
Acknowledgements This project would not have been possible without the support of Dr. Scott Lyons. I would like to express sincere appreciation to him for his patience, assistance, and guidance in the preparation of this project. Also thanks to my committee members, Dr. Thad Crews, Dr. John McLester, and Dr. Andy Bosak, who offered unprecedented educational ideas throughout my journey.
in
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 -Introduction
1
Statement of Problem
1
Significance of Study
2
Limitations
3
Definition of Terms
4
Chapter 2 Review of Literature
5
Chapter 3 - Methods and Procedures
8
Subjects and Instruments
8
1 RM Protocol
9
Exercises
10
Chapter 4 - Results
13
Chapter 5 -Discussion
14
Practical Application
15
Appendices
17
Appendix A. Informed Consent Appendix B. Resistance Training Questionnaire Appendix C. Table 1: Subjects' Physical Characteristics Appendix D. Table 2: Subjects' Performance Characteristics Appendix E. Table 3: Regression Equations
IV
References
27
HAMMER STRENGTH VS. FREE WEIGHTS: UPPER BODY 1 RM COMPARISONS Matthew Joseph Thoma
December 2006
Pages: 33
Directed by: Dr. Scott Lyons, Dr. Thaddeus Crews, and Dr. John McLester Department of Physical Education and Recreation
Western Kentucky University
Thirty-one trained male subjects performed one-repetition maximum lifts (IRM's) on three Hammer Strength Externally Loaded Machines and three comparable Free Weight Exercises. All tests were counterbalanced and randomly assigned. Subjects performed two 1RM tests during each lab session, with at least 48-72 hours of recovery between each. IRM's were recorded as the greatest amount of weight lifted with proper technique. 1RM data was used to (1) determine the relationship between 1RM performed on Hammer Strength machines versus Free Weights and (2) to develop regression equations that can accurately predict IRM's when switching from one exercise modality to another. Statistics revealed significant differences (p
