Recent progress in
Medicinal Uses
Guava: Psidium guajava L. Presented by Dr. Sudhakar Kokate Director PPRC, India
100 species of tropical shrubs Native to Mexico, Central America, Northern South America Now cultivated all over the world Most frequently eaten species
Have several industrial applications PPRC/INDIA 01
Propagation by seeds / cuttings Proper manuring improves the size and quality of the fruit
Wilt, Fusarium oxysporum is the most serious disease of Guava
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Guava Tree
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Guava Classification: Kingdom: Plantae
Sub-kingdom: Tracheobionata Super-division: Spermatophyta Division: Magnoliophyta PPRC/INDIA 04
Guava Class: Magnoliopsida Sub-class: Rosidae Order: Myrtales Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Psidium guajava PPRC/INDIA 05
Tropical Guava Fruit Display
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About Guava An arborescent shrub, Apple of the tropics Small tree upto 8 m. high
Leaves: Light green, finely pubescent, chartaceous Flowers: White, fragrant
Fruits: Green to Light yellow, red, varied shape and size PPRC/INDIA 07
Guava Leaves
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Guava Flower
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Common Guava Fruits
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Imp. Species of Guava Psidium guajava L. …….. Common name Psidium cattleyanum …….. Strawberry guava Varieties: Psidium pomiferum L. Psidium pyriferum L.
Synonyms: Psidium pumilum Vahl. Psidium guajava L. PPRC/INDIA 11
Chemical constituents Tannins Flavonols Flavonoids Saponins Triterpenoids Glycosides PPRC/INDIA 12
Guava seeds CONSTITUENTS
%
Aromatic oils
14
Protein
15
Starch
13
PPRC/INDIA 13
Guava roots Tannin Leukocyanidines Sterols Gallic acid PPRC/INDIA 14
Guava tree bark Considerable amount of Tannins (11-27%); used for Tanning and dyeing Leucocyanidin, Luteic acid, Amritoside isolated from the stem and bark Ref: - Edwards et. al. 1952 - Hooper 1902 - Seshadri and Vasishta 1965
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Guava tree bark Bark valued for its astringent properties and used in diarrhoea in children The bark is tonic and the ash is caustic
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Guava leaves CHEMICALS
% (unit)
Catechol & Pyragallol
8.15
Tannin
13.9
Non-tannins
9.0
Essential oils (Yellowish green oil, pleasant aromatic odour) – contain beta-caryophyllene
0.26
PPRC/INDIA 17
More chemicals in Guava Wax
Beta sitosterol
Resins
Quercetin
Sugars
Cratagolic
Carotene
Guaijavolic
Vit. B1, B2, B6, Vit. C
Sapogenin
Niacin
Leucocyanidin
4-Gentiobioside
Ellagic acid PPRC/INDIA 18
References Arthur & Hui, 1954 Soliman & Farid, 1952
El Khadme & Mohammed, 1958 Varshney & Shamshuddin, 1965 PPRC/INDIA 19
Guava Fruits Majority of the researchers have aimed on the hypoglycaemic effects of P. guajava fruits Guava fruits are much more enjoyed by birds & monkeys which disperse the seeds in their droppings and cause spontaneous clumps of guava trees to grow (Taylor 198, D Weck 2003) Strong odour of fruit due to Carbonyl compounds PPRC/INDIA 20
More chemicals in fruit CHEMICAL
%
Hexanal
65.9
Butyrolactone
7.6
E-2-hexanal
7.4
EE-2-hexadienal
2.2
Z-3-hexenyl acetate
1.3
3-phenylpropyl acetate
5.3
Caryophyllene oxide
5.1 PPRC/INDIA 21
References Paniandy et. al., 2000 Dweck, 2003
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Chemicals in Pink Guava Essential oil profile is rich: alcohols, esters, aldehydes, terpenic hydrocarbons
3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 3-penten-3-ol and 2-butenyl acetate
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Nutritional value of Guava Energy
68 Kcal
Carbohydrates
14.32 g
Sugars
8.92 g
Dietary fiber
5.4 g
Fat
0.95 g
Proteins
2.55 g
Vit. A
31 microg
Beta carotene
374 microg
Thiamine Vit B1
0.067 mg
100 gm
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Nutritional value of Guava Riboflavin Vit. B2
0.04 mg
Niacin Vit. B3
1.084 mg
Pantothenic acid Vit. B5
0.451 mg
Vit. B6
0.11 mg
Folate Vit. B9
49 microg
Vit. C
228.3 mg
Vit. K
2.2 microg
Calcium
18 mg
100 gm
PPRC/INDIA 25
Nutritional value of Guava Iron
0.26 mg
Magnesium
22 mg
Manganese
0.15 mg
Phosphorus
40 mg
Potassium
417 mg
Sodium
2 mg
Zinc
0.23 mg
Lycopene
5204 microg
100 gm
PPRC/INDIA 26
Properties Anti-bacterial
Anti-microbial
Anti-oxidant
Anti-spasmodic
Anti-diabetic
Anti-cough
Narcotic like activity
Analgesic
Anti-pyretic
Anti-septic PPRC/INDIA 27
Healing power of Guava Diarrhoea
Vomiting
Prostate cancer
Diabetes
Oral cavity cancer
Dysentery
Lung cancer
Fever
Bacterial infections
Gastrointestics
Inflammation pains
Cough PPRC/INDIA 28
Healing power of Guava Leucorrhea
Chorea
Cerebral ailments
Convulsions
Nephritis
Menstrual pain
Cachexia
Toothache
Epilepsy
Sore throat PPRC/INDIA 29
Health benefits Anti-ageing, Immune booster Rich source of soluble dietary fiber
Higher Vit. C…………5.4 g/100g………(14%) Helps in production of cells PPRC/INDIA 30
Health benefits Good anti-microbial fruit Best fruit for diabetic patients
Any time any amount one can eat No side effects PPRC/INDIA 31
Medi-uses Extracts of leaves, flowers, fruits – active against micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus and E. coli Extracts of fruits – moderately active against Salmonella typhosa, Shigella antidysenteriae BH.
Young leaves used as a tonic in digestive disorders PPRC/INDIA 32
Medi-uses Guava leaves for wounds, ulcers and as an astringent for bowels Decoction of leaves – cholera, vomiting & diarrhoea Decoction of leaves and shoots in febrifuge, antispamodic
baths PPRC/INDIA 33
Medi-uses Infusion of leaves in cerebral affections, nephritis and cochexia, Pounded leaves for rheumatism
Extract of leaves in epilepsy, chorea Tincture is rubbed over the spine of children suffering
from convulsions PPRC/INDIA 34
Medi-uses Decoction of leaves when gargled relieves from toothache and gum boils
Flowers – cool the body and used in bronchitis, eye sores Fruit – tonic, cooling and laxative good in colic and for
bleeding gums, used in diarrhoea and dysentery PPRC/INDIA 35
Guava products Guava cheese Guava jelly
Guava nectar Canned guava
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Traditional medicinal uses
evidenced by current Pharmacological findings PPRC/INDIA 37
Anti-parasites: Amoebic diarrhoea, vermifuge, malaria, intestinal worm infestation
Anti-bacterial:
Gastroenteritis,
vomiting,
diarrhoea,
dysentery, wound, ulcers, toothache, coughs, sore throat,
inflamed gums, cholera PPRC/INDIA 38
A fast relief anti-inflammatory and anti-febrifuge: Flu, sore throat, ear and eye infections
Anti-spasmodics: Mild digestive, menstrual stimulants strengthens gastric tract
Acts as gastro-tonic PPRC/INDIA 39
Emmenagogue: Leucorrhea, to regulate menstrual periods Central nervous system depressant
Haemostatics Hypoglycemics
Anti-haemorrhoids PPRC/INDIA 40
Anti-rheumatism Anti-carcinoma: Prostate cancer
Hypoglycaemic activity
PPRC/INDIA 41
Advanced research
in Medicinal uses PPRC/INDIA 42
Good for insomnia A good anti-antithrombin III agent
An adjuvant mild CNS depressant A mild cardio-tonics
A magic blood cleanser PPRC/INDIA 43
A medium to excellent antioxidant Preventions for glycative cardiovascular and neural
degenerations Glycation may induce diabetic cardiovascular and neurode
generative disease PPRC/INDIA 44
Glycation in perspective – diabetes Common inducers for glycation in hyperglycaemia
Guava leaf tea is also efficient Preventive for glycation
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Guava leaf tea Preparation – 1 part desiccated guava leaf tea 10 parts of distilled water Reflux the mixture for 30 mins at 100OC
Decant and save the extract PPRC/INDIA 46
Guava leaf tea
Repeat the extraction process for 3 times
Combine and cool the total extracts Filter the extract to drink
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Guava recipes
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Guava Kalakand
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Brazilian Guava Puree
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Brazilian Guava Tea
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Cuban Guava Pastry
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Guava Candy
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Guava Cubes
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Guava Pastry
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Guava Awapuhi
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Guava Barfi
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Guava Bars
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Guava Fudge
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Guava bbq Chicken
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Guava Biscuits
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Guava Bread Pudding
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Guava Buttercream
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Hawaiian Guava Cake
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Guava Cheese
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Guava Chutney
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Guava Cupcakes
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Guava Curry
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Guava Sabzi
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Guava Gummies
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Guava Icecream
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Guava Jelly
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Guava Juice
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Guava Kheer
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Guava Lollipops
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Guava Chocolate
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Cuban Guava Marmalade
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Mexican Guava Jam
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Chilean Guava Muffins
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Guava Pancakes
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Guava Pickle
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Goan Guava Cheese
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Taiwanese Guava Tart
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Guava Raitha
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Guava Roll cake
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Guava Sauce
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Guava Slices
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Guava Souffle
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Guava Torte
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The Guayabera
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