Decentralized and sustainable energy supply in remote areas Key success factors and company case study by SolarWorld AG Solar Power International 2009, Anaheim, L.A. Conference session: Solar opportunities in the developing world Lars Koerner, SolarWorld AG, Bonn, Germany 1
SolarWorld - Vertical Integration / Products
silicon
wafer cell
recycling
module
Turnover 2008: Employees:
€900m ~ 2500
trade
system
Planned nominal production capacity (end of 2009): Wafers: 1000 MWp Cells: 450 MWp Modules: 450 MWp 2
PV systems: grid connected vs. off-grid
pv-module
inverter
public grid
grid-connected system
loads
off-grid system pv-module
charge controller
battery
inverter
loads
3
PV technology transfer: key success factors
local acceptance capacity building and maintenance
sustainable financing
key success factors
system design/quality
energy efficiency 4
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience
local acceptance capacity building and maintenance
ü
local end-users have to be integrated into project planning phase
ü
cooperation with local companies based in the country/community.
ü
training of partner companies / end-users
ü
only local companies can ensure sustainable operation of pv-systems / pv-projects
5
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience
- 76% !
component cost in €
energy consumption in Wh
Importance of energy efficiency consulting
inefficient efficient consumers
- 67% or €14.900 !
inefficient efficient consumers
Calculation based on following scenario: Bamako/Mali, component cost: 8 €/Wp inefficient system: 10 incandescent bulbs 1 inefficient fridge 1 PC+monitor
(60W, 4 h/d) (3000 Wh/d) (300W, 8 h/d)
efficient system: 10 CFL light bulbs 1 efficient fridge 1 laptop
(12W, 4 h/d, €10) (1000 Wh/d, €800) (50W, 8 h/d), €1000)
energy efficiency 6
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience
System design ensures correct energy balance
High quality products and good system design are key to system‘s performance and system‘s lifetime! system design/quality 7
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience typical component cost distribution sustainable financing
BOS
PV-panels battery
powerelectronics
8
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience typical cash-flow sustainable financing
component cost in € or $
decisive point for project success and sustainability
years of operation exchange frequency depends strongly on quality/system design.
exchange of electronics
initial investment exchange of battery
9
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience typical cash-flow
component cost in € or $
decisive point for project success and sustainability
sustainable financing
years of operation
A new feed-in tariff similar to the tariff for grid-connected systems which has been implemented in many industrialized countries could boost the implementation of off-grid systems in the developing world. Those systems could be sustainably financed and operated with the „Regulated Purchase Tariff (RPT)“! 10
Key success factors: SolarWorld‘s experience How does the„Regulated Purchase Tariff“ (RPT) work? sustainable financing
cost / price per kWh
component cost in € or $
calculation example for an RPT
0,5 0,4
Margin for power provider years of operation Cost of energy
0,3 0,2
price paid by end-users
0,1 0
RPT-tariff
11
SolarWorld: project example
Village electrification project in Western China: • Initial investment cost covered by German KfW Bank and Chinese MoF. • Villagers pay a fixed tariff per kWh. • Local BoFs subsidize every kWh with a fixed tariff similar to RPT. • End-user and BoF payments cover maintenance and replacement cost.
12
pv-array and power house
battery bank
backup diesel generator
prepaid electricity meters
SolarWorld: project example
13
SolarWorld: project example
• • • • •
Electrified villages: PV peak-power installed: Connected households: Covered demand per household.: Solar fraction:
142 1.2 MWp 7,300 (29,000 people) 120 kWh per year 90 % (for hybrid systems)
14
Thank you for you attention!
contact details: SolarWorld AG Lars Koerner Project Engineer Off-Grid Martin-Luther-King-Str. 24 D-53175 Bonn, Germany
[email protected] 15 www.solarworld.de
