Building Resilient Transport (Indonesia’s Experience)

Dr. Elly Sinaga MSc.

Director General of Research and Development Agency Ministry of Transportation of Republic Indonesia

9th Regional EST Forum in Asia

Kathmandu - November 18, 2015

INTRODUCTION

Disaster Potential Threath (Earthquake, Volcanic Eruption, Tsunami, Landslide, Forest and Land Fire, Flood)

Recent Disaster: - 15 Volcanos on “warning” status (November 15, 2015) - Smoke Disaster due to Forest Fire (peatland on dry season and illegal land diversification)

IMPACT OF SMOKE DISASTER TO THE TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY

Location Point of Smoke Disaster

Number of Hot Spots on August 30, 2015 ~ 15.200 Ha

Figure: Hot spot condition on 30 August 2015 (source: analized from hotspot MODIS with confidence level > 80)

Statistic of land and forest fire events are based on the hot spot data. One hot spot represent 1.1 km x 1.1 km area or around 100 Ha with the surface temperature treshold between 45 – 47 0C

Figure : statistic of monthy hot spot until August 2015 (source: analyzed from Terra and Aqua satellite)

Impact of the Smoke Disaster on Transportation Activity Land Transport

Motorcycle rider passing through street which smokey haze from forest fire in Pekanbaru, Riau Province on Monday (14/9). The smokey haze resulted in the low visibility limit no more than 100 m in the morning

Air Transport

Garuda Indonesia airlines reported that at least 449 of their scheduled flight are cancelled for the period 3 to 20 September 2015. The number of flight which are cancelled as follow:

Sea Transport

• Visibility is limited to 50 - 100 m in the morning • Speed of the vessel must be reduced • Longer voyage time of the vessel: from Muara to Sampit normally took 4 hours become 6 hours when smokey haze occurred which is increasing the fuel consumption • Smaller boat operated on sea are unseen

DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN INDONESIA

History of Disaster Management System 1945 1966

The Agency for Assisting Families of War Victims (Badan Penolong Keluarga Korban Perang– BPKKP)

1966 1967

The Advisory Board of Central Natural Disaster Management (Badan Pertimbangan Penanggulangan Bencana Alam Pusat– BP2BAP)

1967 1979

The National Coordination Team for Disaster Management (Tim Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana Alam–TKP2BA)

1979 1990 The National Coordination Agency for Natural Disaster Management (Badan Kordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana Alam – Bakornas PBA)

Earthquake and Tsunami in Aceh End of 2004

Act No. 24/2007 on Disaster Management

National Agency for Disaster Management

2007 present

National Coordination Agency for Disaster Handling (Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanganan Bencana – BakornasPB)

2005 2007

National Coordination Agency for Disaster Management and Refugees Handling (Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi – BakornasPBP)

Presidential Regulation No. 83/2005 on National Coordination Agency for Disaster Handling

1990 2000 2000 2005

The National Coordination Agency for Disaster Management (Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana – Bakornas PB)

Synergy on Disaster Management between Ministry of Transportation (MoT) and National Disaster Management Authority (BNPB) No. PJ. 19 , March 11, 2014 1. Pre Disaster Stage a. Disaster Prevention b. Mitigation and Disaster Preparedness 2. Emergency Response Stage a. Rapid Disaster Assessment b. Comply the basic needs in transportation field c. Restore the vital facilities and infrastructure of transportation 3. Post Disaster Stage a. Rehabilitation in The Transportation Field b. Reconstruction in Transportation Field 4. Monitoring and evaluate as well exchange the data and information in order to upgrade the duties and function the parties

MoT STRATEGIC PLAN 2015 - 2019 ON TRANSPORTATION SERVICES/ INFRASTRUCTURES ON NATURAL DISASTER AREA

National Achievement and MoT Strategic Plan 2015-2019 STRATEGIC ISSUES (RPJMN 2015-2019) 1

Connectivity

NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT (RPJMN 2015-2019) 1 2 3 4

2

Urban Transportation

Transportation infrastructure and mode capacity

Multi/Intermodality Integration Performance of Transportation Services Worldwide and National Connectivity

5

Safety and Security

6

Green Transportation

7

Countryside, Nature Disaster Area, Remote Area and Border Area

8 9 10

Mass Rapid Transit Service Urban Transportation Level of Service Performance

Urban Transportation Management Emission

Ministry of Transportation Objects for 2015-2019 Transportation Safety and Security 1

Decrease of Transportation Accident Rate

2

Decrease of Security Issue Rate From Transportation Operation

Transportation Services 3

Upgrade the quality of transportation facilities and infrastructure services

4

Fulfill the adequate number of transport officer of competence as required

5

Improved the quality of transportation researcher as require

6

Increase of Ministry of Performance to attain good governance

7

Increase of regulations in the terms of transport policy implementation

8

Decrease of green house gasses rate and to increase green transportation

9

Increase of monitoring performance and quality to attain clean governance

Transportation Capacity 10

Increase the transportation facilities and infrastructure as well the integration of multimodal and intermodal transport

11

Increase the transportation production for passenger and freight

12

Increase of transportation service for natural disaster area, border area, outer island area especially for eastern part of Indonesia.

13

Increase of urban mass rapid transit

14

Increase of IT applied and management scheme for urban transport

11

43 25 3

12 42

29 10

33

14

11

27 17

6 26

40

18

31

46

30

5

19 21 7

24 28

2

9

47

15 13 22 16

20 45

3223 8

POLICY 1 : Transport Infrastructures and Facilities Development in Potential Disaster Area

1 44 38 41 37

34

35 36 39 4

Location of Port Facilities Development in Potential Disaster Area for 2015 – 2019 in Sumatera, Kalimantan, Java and Nusa Tenggara 24/ 28 34 2 1 7

30

32

8 3/6

23

29 25 2

33

9 31 26 14 13

4 12

8

1 10

9

11

11 16 3

17

4

18 19

5 6 7

Remarks:

2 1

11

3

PORT IN DISASTER/POTENTIAL DISASTER AREA

6

9

4 12

PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AREA PORT IN DEVELOPING, NOT BORDER AND NOT IN POTENTIAL DISASATER AREA PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AND BORDER AREA

5

7

9 1

2

14

17

8

7 6

4

15

5

10 16 11 12 13 3

10

8

Location of Port Facilities Development in Potential Disaster Area for 2015 - 2019 in Sulawesi and Maluku Islands 4 7

38

1

30

3

31 23

21

27 36

5 12

11

13

9/ 14 8

6

33

24

2

34

34 26

15 8 10

35

28

35 32

22

37

8

2 1 19

17

36

14

30 31 25 24 19 16

22

11/ 18

29

18

29 26

5/ 20

32 28

27 3

23

9 6

20 21

Remarks: PORT IN DISASTER/POTENTIAL DISASTER AREA

PORT IN DEVELOPING, NOT BORDER AND NOT IN POTENTIAL DISASATER AREA

PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AREA

PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AND BORDER AREA

14

13

Location of Port Facilities Development in Potential Disaster Area for 2015 - 2019 in Papua Island Remarks: PORT IN DISASTER/POTENTIAL DISASTER AREA PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AREA

10

PORT IN DEVELOPING, NOT BORDER AND NOT IN POTENTIAL DISASATER AREA

5 9

PORT IN UNDER DEVELOP AND BORDER AREA 8 3 11

4

6

2

15

7

1

Location of Airport Facilities Development in Potential Disaster Area 1

23

5 4

19 20 21

7

2 3 6

8

10

9

22

11 12 13

14 15

25

24

17 16 18

Airport in Potential Disaster Area : 7 Airport

Airport in Border line : 18 Airport

Airport Emergency Facilities Services Improvement for 2015-2019 43 25 3

12 42

29 10

33

14

11

6

27 17

40

26

18

5

31

46

30

19 21 7

24 28

2

9

34

47

15 13 22 16

20 45

3223 8

1 44 38 41 37

35 36 39 4

46. Airport DEO – Sorong 47. Airport Radin Inten II - Lampung

POLICY 2 : Urban Transport Development Toward A Safe; Climate Adaptive and for Building Resilient Society

Issues on Urban Transport • Actions to reduce traffic accidents and air quality  Vulnerable road transport  Motorcyclist ! • Land Use and Transport not at Integrated Plan ! • Actions to reduce climate change, mitigations and adaptations  what integrated transport policy options

Actions on Urban Transport Resilient • Jakarta Metropolitan (JABODETABEK; consist of 9 Municipalities)  according to Presidential Regulation (no 103/2015) will be manage by One Body so called “Jabodetabek Transport Management Agency (JTMA)”  under MoT • The Grand design will be issued by Presidential Regulation Public transport modal share (60% in 2030) ; 80% road network covered by Public transport; Accident rate reduced to 50%; Implementing “Push_Pull” policy, ie TOD; TDM; ERP; Parking Policy; construct Pedestrian Pathways ; Electric Motorcycle • New policy for public transport priority ; Constructing LRT (Elevated) ; MRT; BRT for Jabodetabek : High speed train(Jakarta_ Bandung) : • 2018 accomplish for certain network • JTMA should operated next middle of December 2015

Impacts on Urban Transport Resilient Impacts: • Climate change impact to Transport Reduced private car  Reduce energy  Reduced emission • Vulnarable Road User, motorcyclist will be shifting to more resilient transport of public transport

Thank You