Bhoomi-Online delivery of land records in Karnataka Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievements
Benefits
Learnings
Road Ahead
The project happened in Karnataka Project coverage 7 million farmers: 35 million beneficiaries 20 million land records (0.6 hectare average size of holding)
Bangalore
0.2 mn sq kms
177 project locations serving farmers from 27000 villages
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Its all about agricultural land record reforms Data in land records • Demographic data, Economic data, Legal rights • 47 information ‘fields’ – owners, tenants, crops, yield, irrigation sources, mortgage details, soil, bank loans etc
Critical to farmers • Basis for ownership & loan
Instrument of social justice • Poor records lead to litigation & social unrest • Ensure government gets its due returns
Critical for economic growth Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
The manual system had infirmities Opaque system - not ‘out there’ in public domain Incidence of manipulation of records Farmers’ dependence on village accountants • Discretionary treatment • Scope for citizen harassment
Ill suited for civic needs • Cumbersome mutation (change in title) process • Not updated regularly • Desired information not readily available
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
The essence of Bhoomi
Bhoomi is a farmer friendly mechanism to access and update land records using state of art technology
Bhoomi
Farmers availing services
Bhoomi
Farmers availing services
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Land records : Then & Now
Manual records
Computerised
Low visibility
Transparency
Cumbersome
Easy access
Dated records
Up to date
Harassment
Citizen friendly
Tamper Prone
Secured
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
The path traversed-amazing numbers Data entry • 10000 plus officials underwent training on data preparation and validation process • Implementation at 27 locations simultaneously • 20,000 man-months legacy data entry involving 1200 operators • Validated 20 mn records through 6.7 mn farmers and 9000 Village officials
Bhoomi software & Training • Requirement specification through 16 workshops-participatory development • 250 man-months development effort • Development in local language • 700 + village officials trained • Continuous training on for over a year
Bhoomi
Data entry and verification process
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Road ahead
The transition in documentation
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Transparency ensures social equity
Status of mutation request available to farmers from kiosks Right to information to citizens under Bhoomi
Age wise pending record status
Quality assurance and monitoring in BHOOMI
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Transparency ensures social equity Gone are the days when Village Accountants would be able to dole favors on extraneous considerations
First in first out mutations in Bhoomi No more discretion to favor influential people
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
No more monopoly Law has been amended to provide for alternate authority for approval of mutation in case of delay of 15 days after the statutory inquiry period of 30 days • Manual system provided unlimited monopoly powers to Revenue Inspector
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Multiple stakeholders benefit • Quick, harassment free • Records tamper proof • Simple mutation process • Easier farm credit • Less litigation
Bhoomi • Banks • Judiciary • Private firms
• Protect govt. land • Citizen friendly
• Easy implementation • Manpower redeployment • Planning inputs
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Bhoomi has touched farmers’ lives 40 million copies have been provided from the Bhoomi kiosks Mutation incidence has increased 3 fold Land based litigation down Private bodies & elected representatives have contributed towards kiosks, PCs
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
What has Bhoomi achieved Handwritten records fully substituted by computerised recordsa legal framework in place Imposition of user charges with better delivery of services make scheme viable and sustainable- Collection of Rs 15 million per month as against total expenditure of Rs 180 million on project •
Till date Rs 600 million user charges collected
Land records in public domain • No application, no identity requirements
Mutation requests acknowledged & tracked Biometrics authentication- Non repudiation feature
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
What Bhoomi has achieved State data centre established centralising 20 million records VSAT network connecting all 202 locations of BHOOMI Electronic integration of BHOOMI with KAVERI (Registration project) in place Survey process now being integrated into Bhoomi • Integerated Mutation
Bhoomi
Bio-metric device
Bhoomi
Simple authentication
Bhoomi
Biometrics rejects hackers
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Lessons to Learn E-governance scheme should provide no scope of repudiation of actions • Biometrics authentication- Non repudiation feature
Kill all alternatives ( old systems) to the scheme • Handwritten records fully substituted by computerised records- a legal framework in place
Self sustainability of scheme is essential Existing bureaucracy is competent to execute big egovernance projects
Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Next steps in Bhoomi Use Hand held devices like Simputer for online data capture • Avoid drudgery of current manual crop collection and batch updation
Offloading distribution of records to privates sector • By providing connectivity to Bhoomi data base • 800 rural telecentres coming up starting next month
Providing value added services to farmers from rural telecentres • Citizen id, Government schemes details, mandi rates, weather info
Provision of bhoomi data to private sector on cost basis Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Next steps in Bhoomi Personalising Bhoomi for every farmer • Concept of mypage.com • To create personalised information for every farmer depending upon factors like extent of land, irrigation sources, crops grown etc • To provide information like the fertiliser he needs for the land • The crop he should grow
Evolving Urban Bhoomi • Scheme is being extended to urban municipalities
And eventually graduating to Torrens system ( State to guarantee land title on the basis of entries in records) Bhoomi
The genesis
The concept
Achievement
Benefits
Learnings
Road ahead
Efforts towards Replication Bhoomi is now declared to be the national model for replication in all stated by MIT GOI and has provided an initial funds of Rs 300 million for this replication Visitors from almost all states of the country have visited and studied Bhoomi Visitors from many other countries have shown interest in collaboration Detailed study of Bhoomi by World Bank made available on its website for facilitating replication. (www.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov) World Bank and Ford foundation have got done an independent evaluation of the BHOOMI project Apart fromwinning silver in CAPAM, Bhoomi was one of the finalist in Stockholm challenge award 2002 and TechMuseum innovation award California And now UN Public service award
Bhoomi
Thank You Rajeev Chawla Secretary e-Governance DPAR (AR) and Special Secretary (Bhoomi) Revenue Department Govt of Karnataka E-mail:
[email protected] Website: www.bhoomi.kar.nic.in Bhoomi
